Charles Babbage, a Mathematics professor from England, is recognized as the Father of the Computer. He was born in 1791, and began designing the

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2 Charles Babbage, a Mathematics professor from England, is recognized as the Father of the Computer. He was born in 1791, and began designing the difference engine, in The use of this machine was to do logarithmic calculations automatically.

3 Ada Lovelace was born in England on December 10, She was a mathematician. She worked an invention by Charles Babbage, and was the first computer programmer.

4 Vacuum Tubes Transistors Integrated Circuits

5 Vacuum tube, was first developed by John Ambrose Fleming in The vacuum tube is a glass tube that has its gas removed, creating a vacuum. Vacuum tubes contain electrodes for controlling electron flow and were used in early computers as a switch or an amplifier

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9 Cell Phone A tabl but bi It doe but is input/

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11 _6-wdslM 8-xTH7jA (Circuits and Logic) (Work: Binary & Data) (Hardware and Software)

12 Microphone mouse

13 Processor Hard Drive Random Access Memory

14 Monitor Printer

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16 Hardware are the computer parts like the CPU, Motherboard, hard drive, RAM. Software are the programs that make the computer work like the operating system, and apps.

17 Motherboard CPU(Central Processing Unit) RAM(Random Access Memory) Power Supply Hard Drive

18 The basic part of a computer, whether it s a laptop or a desktop, is a colored printed circuit board called Motherboard.

19 CPU (Central Processing Unit) is the brain of a computer. It s a small chip placed on the socket of the motherboard and is responsible for all the calculations and input/output operations to be done in order to process the data

20 It is a large and permanent storage space which is used to keep all the data required by a computer like the operating system files, songs, videos, and third-party software files, etc. When needed, the data is transferred from the hard drive to the random access memory (RAM)for being used by the CPU.

21 Random Access Memory is one of the vital parts of a computer. If you take the RAM chip out of your computer, it won t start. It is faster than the hard drives so it is used as a bridge between the CPU and the hard drive. It is used to store program data which is currently used by the CPU. But RAM suffers from short -term memory loss.

22 A computer power supply unit, or PSU, is the component that supplies power to a computer

23 The Harvard Mark 1 was one of the first electromagnetic computers. Built by IBM, is the size of a room. Professor Howard Aiken put it together. He used vacuum tubes technology and magnetic parts

24 ENIAC was the fastest and largest machine of its time. Was the first electronic computer using vacuum tubes(18,000) to run. ENIAC was not able to store programs,

25 John Bardeen ( ), William B. Shockley ( ), and Walter H. Brattain ( ) won a Nobel prize for their invention of the transistor, which has been called the most important invention of the 20th Century

26 Norbert Wiener had a major influence on research into AI, Artificial Intelligence. But who put the idea of AI in practice was: Alan Turing

27 Alexander Douglas He designed one of the earliest computer games: a version of Tic-Tac-Toe, called OXO

28 They invented the IC, or Integrated Circuit. The impact of this tiny chip is being used in most of our products today. The chip created the modern computer industry, transforming the room-sized machines into minicomputers and PC, or Personal Computers. An IC is a collection of electronic components resistors, transistors, capacitors, etc. all stuffed into a tiny chip, and connected together to achieve a common goal.

29 Gordon Bell and Edson Castro developed the PDP-8: First minicomputer

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38 1904 Vacuum Tube 1944 Mark 1(First electromagnetic computer) 1946 Eniac(First electronic computer) 1947 Transistor 1948 Artificial Intelligence 1953 First computer game: Tic- Tac-Toe 1958 Integrated Circuit 1960 First minicomputer

39 1975 First PC and came as a kit that you put together(bill Gates and Paul Allen wrote the program and formed Microsoft) 1976 First Apple computer(wozniak) as a kit 1977 First completely finished computer by Apple(Wozniak and Jobs)

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43 IBM s computer Deep Blue defeated c chess champion, Garry Kasparov in It was able to gain a competitive advantage because it examined 200 million possible moves each second. A quantum machine would be able to calculate 1 trillion moves per second!

44 Test Yourself! The following test allows you to compare your IQ with that of World Chess Champion Garry Kasparov. The ten questions are based on a test he took. 1. Which is the odd one out? Salmon, whale, shark, trout, pike 2. Insert the two missing numbers: 6,9,18,21,42,45,??,?? 3. Which is the odd one out? Venus, Saturn, Hermes, Pluto, Uranus 4. Choose the word to complete the sentence: Hearing is to acoustics as seeing is to???????? 5. Complete the row of numbers: 3,5,8,13,22,?? 6. Who is the odd one out? Haydn, Mahler, Aristotle, Brahms, Stravinsky 7. Which is the odd one out? Paris, Washington, Oslo, Cairo, Bombay, Rio de Janeiro, Berlin 8. Which is the odd number out? 625,361,256,197, Insert the missing letter: B,E,?,Q,Z 10. Complete the following number sequence: 4, 6, 9, 13 7, 10, 15,??

45 Whale. The whale is the only mammal , 93. The numbers alternately increase by 3 or double. 3. Hermes. All the others are planets in the solar system. 4. Optics. Acoustics is the science of sound, optics of light Each subsequent number is obtained by doubling the previous one and then subtracting a number which increments by one each time (e.g. 3x2-1 = 5; 5x2-2 = 8; 8x2-3 = 13 etc.) 6. Aristotle. All the others are composers. 7. Rio de Janeiro. Rio is in the southern hemisphere. All the others are in the northern hemisphere All the other numbers are perfect squares. 9. J. If the letters are replaced by their position in the alphabet, we get the sequence 2, 5, 10, 17, 26. Each of these numbers is a square number plus one The upper row numbers increment by 2, 3 and 4. The lower row by 3, 5 and 7. Now check your score against the following chart: Correct answers IQ rating Scoring 100 is average, while 130 is in the genius range (see chapter 1 of the book). Kasparov took a similar test and registered an IQ of 135.

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47 First Xbox hit the market. Cost $299-$399 Halo came Nov 15, 2001

48 Remember when IBM s computer Deep Blue defeated chess champion, Garry Kasparov in 1997? It was able to gain a competitive advantage because it examined 200 million possible moves each second. A quantum machine would be able to calculate 1 trillion moves per second!