Unit 2 System startup and shutdown

Transcription

1 Unit 2 System startup and shutdown Course materials may not be reproduced in whole or in part without the prior written permission of IBM. 5.2

2 Unit objectives After completing this unit, you should be able to: Describe the System and AIX startup process Activate the System and AIX partitions Understand the AIX startup modes Describe the contents of the /etc/inittab file Understand the role of the System Resource Controller and how to manage subsystems Explain how to shut down the system and AIX partitions

3 System startup Plug in managed system Level 1: Power off Issue Power On command Level 2: Standby Service Processor is active All devices are initialized and powered on. System is ready to support partitions. Start AIX partitions SMS mode -OR - Normal mode Level 3: Operating System is running partitions.

4 Managed system activation ssh chsysstate -m <ms_name> -r sys -o on

5 Start-up modes for AIX (1 of 2) two most popular start-up modes are: SMS mode (the firmware menu) Normal mode SMS mode is used for : Selecting the boot device, for example: Network and IPL parameters Booting into Service (Maintenance) mode, examples: To fix a machine that will not boot Recover root password PowerPC Firmware Version EL320_083 SMS 1.7 (c) Copyright IBM Corp. 2000,2008 All rights reserved Main Menu 1. Select Language 2. Setup Remote IPL (Initial Program Load) 3. Change SCSI Settings 4. Select Console 5. Select Boot Options SMS Top Level Firmware Menu

6 Start-up modes for AIX (2 of 2) Normal mode AIX boots into multi-user mode (run level 2). Users can log in, the system can be configured, and applications can start. bootlist command can set/change the start-up boot device. bootlist bootlist -m -m normal normal -o Displays the current -o hdisk0 hdisk0 blv=hd5 boot device (hdisk0) blv=hd5 bootlist bootlist -m -m normal normal ent0 ent0 bserver= bserver= client= client= Other less common start-up modes: Diagnostic with default boot list Used to run diagnostics using diagnostic CD Diagnostic with stored boot list Used to run online diagnostics Open firmware Changes the current normal bootlist to boot over the network through device ent0 to a network install server Open firmware prompt. Use by service/support personnel to obtain low level debug information

7 AIX start up process overview Partition Activation Locate AIX boot image via firmware or bootlist Load boot image RAMFS created Configure Devices Start rootvg AIX Kernel is now in control init process from RAMFS executes rc.boot script Start real init process From rootvg Process /etc/inittab, default run-level 2 LOGIN

8 AIX partition activation (1 of 2) ssh chsysstate -m <ms_name> -r lpar \ -o on -n <lpar> -f <profile name> -b sms To activate into SMS

9 AIX partition activation (2 of 2) AIX AIX Version Version 6 6 Copyright Copyright IBM IBM Corporation, Corporation, 1982, 1982, Console Console login: login:

10 alog command User Applications Boot Process NIM Install Process alog program To view the boot log: alog alog o o t t boot boot Use the alog command to view logs /var/adm/ras/bootlog /var/adm/ras/bosmenus.log /var/adm/ras/bosinst.log /var/adm/ras/nimlog /var/adm/ras/conslog /var/adm/ras/errlog

11 /etc/inittab Format of the line: id:runlevel:action:command init:2:initdefault: init:2:initdefault: brc::sysinit:/sbin/rc.boot 3 >/dev/console 2>&1 Phase 3 of system boot brc::sysinit:/sbin/rc.boot 3 >/dev/console 2>&1 Phase 3 of system boot powerfail::powerfail:/etc/rc.powerfail 2>&1 alog -tboot > /dev/console powerfail::powerfail:/etc/rc.powerfail 2>&1 alog -tboot > /dev/console mkatmpvc:2:once:/usr/sbin/mkatmpvc >/dev/console 2>&1 mkatmpvc:2:once:/usr/sbin/mkatmpvc >/dev/console 2>&1 atmsvcd:2:once:/usr/sbin/atmsvcd >/dev/console 2>&1 atmsvcd:2:once:/usr/sbin/atmsvcd >/dev/console 2>&1 tunables: :wait:/usr/sbin/tunrestore -R > /dev/console 2>&1 Set tunables tunables: :wait:/usr/sbin/tunrestore -R > /dev/console 2>&1 Set tunables rc: :wait:/etc/rc 2>&1 alog -tboot > /dev/console Multi-User checks rc: :wait:/etc/rc 2>&1 alog -tboot > /dev/console Multi-User checks rcemgr: :once:/usr/sbin/emgr -B > /dev/null 2>&1 rcemgr: :once:/usr/sbin/emgr -B > /dev/null 2>&1 fbcheck: :wait:/usr/sbin/fbcheck 2>&1 alog -tboot > /dev/console fbcheck: :wait:/usr/sbin/fbcheck 2>&1 alog -tboot > /dev/console srcmstr: :respawn:/usr/sbin/srcmstr System Resource Controller srcmstr: :respawn:/usr/sbin/srcmstr System Resource Controller rctcpip:a:wait:/etc/rc.tcpip > /dev/console 2>&1 Start TCP/IP daemons rctcpip:a:wait:/etc/rc.tcpip > /dev/console 2>&1 Start TCP/IP daemons rcnfs:a:wait:/etc/rc.nfs > /dev/console 2>&1 Start NFS Daemons rcnfs:a:wait:/etc/rc.nfs > /dev/console 2>&1 Start NFS Daemons sniinst:2:wait:/var/adm/sni/sniprei > /dev/console 2>&1 sniinst:2:wait:/var/adm/sni/sniprei > /dev/console 2>&1 cron: :respawn:/usr/sbin/cron cron: :respawn:/usr/sbin/cron qdaemon:a:wait:/usr/bin/startsrc -sqdaemon qdaemon:a:wait:/usr/bin/startsrc -sqdaemon writesrv:a:wait:/usr/bin/startsrc -swritesrv writesrv:a:wait:/usr/bin/startsrc -swritesrv uprintfd: :respawn:/usr/sbin/uprintfd uprintfd: :respawn:/usr/sbin/uprintfd shdaemon:2:off:/usr/sbin/shdaemon >/dev/console 2>&1 High availability daemon shdaemon:2:off:/usr/sbin/shdaemon >/dev/console 2>&1 High availability daemon l2:2:wait:/etc/rc.d/rc 2 l2:2:wait:/etc/rc.d/rc 2 l3:3:wait:/etc/rc.d/rc 3 l3:3:wait:/etc/rc.d/rc 3 l4:4:wait:/etc/rc.d/rc 4 l4:4:wait:/etc/rc.d/rc 4 l5:5:wait:/etc/rc.d/rc 5 l5:5:wait:/etc/rc.d/rc 5 l6:6:wait:/etc/rc.d/rc 6 l6:6:wait:/etc/rc.d/rc 6 l7:7:wait:/etc/rc.d/rc 7 l7:7:wait:/etc/rc.d/rc 7 l8:8:wait:/etc/rc.d/rc 8 l8:8:wait:/etc/rc.d/rc 8 l9:9:wait:/etc/rc.d/rc 9 l9:9:wait:/etc/rc.d/rc 9

12 Run levels Run levels on AIX: 0 and 1: Reserved for future use 2 default (normal): Multi-user mode 3 through 9: Free to be defined by the administrator telinit or init command can be used to change run levels. a, b, c and h can be initiated during any run level start-up, 2 through 9, without killing any existing run level processes. S, s, M, m, results in the system entering single user / maintenance mode. Q, q, re-examines and processes the /etc/inittab file on request. Example: To go from single user to multi-user mode, execute: telinit 2

13 Directory and script control Start-up and stops scripts can be defined for each run level which are automatically invoked at entry and exit. /etc/rc.d ls R /etc/rc.d ls R init.d rc rc2.d rc3.d rc4.d rc5.d rc6.d rc7.d rc8.d rc9.d init.d rc rc2.d rc3.d rc4.d rc5.d rc6.d rc7.d rc8.d rc9.d./init.d:./init.d:./rc2.d:./rc2.d: Ksshd Kwpars Ssshd Scripts starting with Ksshd Kwpars Ssshd S are invoked at./rc3.d:./rc3.d: boot time by /etc/rc.d/rc./rc4.d:./rc4.d:./rc5.d:./rc5.d:./rc6.d:./rc6.d: Scripts starting with K are invoked synchronously by./rc7.d:./rc7.d: shutdown with one argument:./rc8.d: 'stop'. y are also called on./rc8.d: start-up prior to invoking the start./rc9.d: scripts../rc9.d:

14 System resource controller Provides a single interface to control subsystems Controls individual subsystems or groups of subsystems ps -ef grep src ps -ef grep src UID PID PPID C STIME TTY TIME CMD UID PID PPID C STIME TTY TIME CMD root Sep - 0:00 /usr/sbin/srcmstr root Sep - 0:00 /usr/sbin/srcmstr ps -T ps -T PID TTY TIME CMD Parent PID TTY TIME CMD :00 srcmstr PID = init :00 srcmstr :01 \--syslogd :01 \--syslogd :00 \--inetd :00 \--inetd :00 \--rlogind :00 \--rlogind pts/0 0:00 \--ksh pts/0 0:00 \--ksh pts/0 0:00 \--ps pts/0 0:00 \--ps :00 \--portmap :00 \--portmap :00 \--IBM.ServiceRMd :00 \--IBM.ServiceRMd :24 \--rmcd :24 \--rmcd :47 \--clstrmgr :47 \--clstrmgr :00 \--tftpd :00 \--tftpd :00 \--tftpd :00 \--tftpd :00 \--sshd :00 \--sshd :00 \--snmpdv3ne :00 \--snmpdv3ne :00 \--IBM.DRMd :00 \--IBM.DRMd :59 \--IBM.CSMAgentRMd :59 \--IBM.CSMAgentRMd :00 \--ctcasd :00 \--ctcasd Subserver SRC Master process

15 Listing subsystems lssrc command is used to list subsystems lssrc -a lssrc -a Group PID Status Group PID Status syslogd ras active syslogd ras active portmap portmap active portmap portmap active inetd tcpip active inetd tcpip active tftpd tcpip active tftpd tcpip active sshd ssh active sshd ssh active ctrmc rsct active ctrmc rsct active snmpd tcpip active snmpd tcpip active clcomdes clcomdes active clcomdes clcomdes active clstrmgres cluster active clstrmgres cluster active ctcas rsct active ctcas rsct active qdaemon spooler inoperative qdaemon spooler inoperative writesrv spooler inoperative writesrv spooler inoperative lpd spooler inoperative lpd spooler inoperative. Removed for clarity... Removed for clarity.. lssrc g tcpip grep active lssrc g tcpip grep active Group PID Status Group PID Status inetd tcpip active inetd tcpip active tftpd tcpip active tftpd tcpip active snmpd tcpip active snmpd tcpip active

16 SRC Control Controlling subsystems stopsrc stopsrc -s -s inetd inetd /usr/sbin/inetd /usr/sbin/inetd was was requested requested to to stop. stop. startsrc startsrc -s -s inetd inetd inetd inetd has has been been started. started. PID PID is is refresh refresh -s -s inetd inetd request request for for subsystem subsystem refresh refresh was was completed completed successfully. successfully. Not all subsystems support being refreshed. refresh refresh -s -s sshd sshd ,, sshd, sshd, only only supports supports signal signal communication. communication.

17 AIX partition shutdown (1 of 2) shutdown command, by default Gracefully stops all activity on the system Warns users of an impending shutdown Do a fast shutdown, shutdown shutdown -Fr -Fr bypassing the messages to users, SHUTDOWN SHUTDOWN PROGRAM PROGRAM and reboot the system. Thu Thu 9 9 Oct Oct 20:15:49 20:15: sshd sshd was was requested requested to to stop. stop. Wait Wait for for 'Rebooting...' 'Rebooting...' before before stopping. stopping. Oct Oct :15:50 20:15:50 /usr/es/sbin/cluster/utilities/clstop: /usr/es/sbin/cluster/utilities/clstop: called called with with flags flags -f -f -y -y -s -s -N -N -S -S or or Group, Group, clinfoes, clinfoes, is is currently currently inoperative. inoperative. Error Error logging logging stopped... stopped... Advanced Advanced Accounting Accounting has has stopped... stopped... Process Process accounting accounting stopped... stopped... Stopping Stopping NFS/NIS NFS/NIS Daemons Daemons Connection Connection closed. closed.

18 AIX partition shutdown (2 of 2) AIX shutdown can also be initiated from the HMC. ssh chsysstate -o osshutdown Do a fast shutdown, shutdown -F

19 Managed system shutdown Ensure all partitions have been shutdown first! ssh chsysstate -m <ms_name> -r sys -o off

20 Unit summary Having completed this unit, you should be able to: Describe the System and AIX startup process Activate the System and AIX partitions Understand the AIX startup modes Describe the contents of the /etc/inittab file Understand the role of the System Resource Controller and how to manage subsystems Explain how to shut down the system and AIX partitions