Activant Acclaim AIX: Basic System Administration

Transcription

1 Activant Acclaim AIX: Basic System Administration AIX suite: course 1 of 3

2 Overview AIX backup Maintain AIX file systems Make new AIX users Troubleshoot Port Lockups System Shutdown

3 AIX backup Must be logged in as root Done through smit p21 #smit p21

4 AIX backup

5 AIX backup

6 AIX backup Cannot be done performed with users on the system Should have three tapes in rotation To check the date of last AIX backup #ls -l.p21aixrest Backup once a week!

7 AIX file systems View levels use the df command Display in 1 k blocks use the -k flag

8 AIX file levels /root /var Less than 80 % in the % used column Less than 50 % in the % used column Less than 50% in the % iused column Can cause printing problems

9 AIX file levels /tmp Have at least 12 MG in the free column May cause problems With AIX backup if there is not enough space In large Proseries reports if there is not enough free space

10 AIX file levels /home Less then 80 % in the % used column Can cause users login problems Regular users may not be able to Create a file Print to an AIX file in Prophet 21 application software

11 AIX file levels /usr/lpp/p21pro/db Less then 90 % used in the % used column Holds Proseries databases If it gets to 100 % used, Prophet 21 data may be lost Payables Receivables General ledger

12 AIX file maintenance /root Remove the smit.log and smit.script files #del smit.log smit.script Remove the dataserv.lg file #del dataserv.lg Clear the /etc/security/failedlogin file Failed login file is used to track failed logins #:> /etc/security/failedlogin

13 AIX file maintenance /var Clear the /var/ined.fatal.log file #:> /var/ined.fatal.log Clear the wtmp file Added to when a user logs in or out of AIX #:> /var/adm/wtmp

14 AIX file maintenance /var Check for large jobs in the AIX queue #ls -l /var/spool/qdaemon Let jobs run or cancel them Some may be lost or old print jobs Check the date on the file Delete it if needed To check the contents of the file #more /var/spool/qdaemon/filename

15 AIX file maintenance /var Check for users AIX mail Users may not be reading their mail #ls -l /var/spool/mail Have users read and delete their old mail

16 AIX file maintenance /home Check for large files in user directories #find /home -size exec ls -l {} \; find any file that is 1/2 MB or larger in size Check date on file Delete them if needed #del /home/userid/filename

17 AIX file maintenance /home Check for large mailbox files User may not have deleted AIX mail #find /home -name mbox -exec ls -l {} \; Have user read and delete mail

18 AIX file maintenance /home Check for large smit.log and smit.script file #find /home -name smit.log -exec ls -l {} \; #find /home -name smit.script -exec ls -l {} \; Remove the files from the users directories #del /home/username/smit.log #del /home/username/smit.script

19 AIX file maintenance /home Check for large.sh_history files All users will have this file #find /home -name.sh_history -exec ls -l {} \; Delete these files from user directories #del /home/username/.sh_history

20 AIX file maintenance /home Check for dataserv.lg files All Proseries or Acclaim users will have this file #find /home -name dataserv.lg -exec ls -l {} \; Remove these files #del /home/username/dataserv.lg

21 AIX file maintenance /tmp Check for user owned reports Call Prophet 21 if unsure about files

22 P21 clean P21 clean is a script that runs every month on the 6th and 22nd Cleans up specific files and directories that tend to fill up Checks last good AIX back up and displays if it is older then 6 days View the clean.log file #more /tmp/clean.log

23 Seizing the Command Console Can be seized from any terminal Must be at an AIX login Current terminal must be logged in as root #p21 -t tty0

24 Login to AIX Basic AIX login After you enter the user ID, the system will request a password.

25 Logout of AIX To exit AIX there are three commands exit logout [ctrl] [d]

26 AIX users Two types of users root All others

27 AIX users Root Known as the super user Able to bypass permissions Many system tasks can only be performed by root Prompt is a # sign

28 AIX users All other users Limited permissions Use a unique 8 character or less string Keep letters lowercase Prompt is a $ sign

29 Making AIX users Only root user has this ability Each user must have an account and password created for them Directory for each user Environment file called.profile /home/userid

30 Making AIX users Making an AIX user #mkuser larry

31 AIX user Passwords Each AIX user has a password on their account Unique 8 character or less string Only root can change other user passwords Each user can change THEIR OWN password

32 Making AIX users Password #passwd larry

33 Removing AIX users Removing a user does not remove the user home directory and files #rmuser -p larry -p flag with remove user password and other authentication information Remove user files and directory #cd /home #rm -ir username

34 Creating network users Network users need to be mapped effectively to be able to access p21 databases Must be logged into root to make the mappings #smit p21

35 Mapping network users

36 Mapping network users

37 Mapping network users Insert aix username

38 Mapping network users P21 port number

39 Mapping network users Change to effective

40 Mapping network users P21 device mapping

41 Troubleshooting-Ports Ensure there is a current list of port configurations #lstty

42 Troubleshooting-Ports What was the user doing when they locked up? Locked up/never logged in Locked up in AIX Locked up in Prophet 21 software

43 Troubleshooting-Ports Port locked up Is the terminal turned on? Is the cable secure? Try control codes on terminal [CTRL] [Q] [Shift] [?] [CTRL] [C] Turn terminal off then on Ensure terminal set ups match TTY listing

44 Troubleshooting-Ports You can try to Run the flow/flush command #clocal -flow /dev/tty5& #clocal -flush /dev/tty5& Disable and enable port #pdisable tty5 #penable tty5

45 Troubleshooting-Ports Killing processes Done as a last resort Determine the child and parent process with the ps -f command and kill the child and then the parent process Kill -8 is the highest kill signal that should be used

46 Troubleshooting-Ports Check for processes with the ps command #ps -ft tty5

47 Troubleshooting-Ports Kill command sends a signal to terminate a running process Never kill a parent process until the spawned children processes are terminated! Kill signal number not required #kill #kill Never use the kill -9 flag!

48 Troubleshooting-Ports Swap equipment to check for failing component Terminal Adapter Cable Port

49 Troubleshooting-Users Try control codes on terminal [CTRL] [Q] [Shift] [?] [CTRL] [C] Check for user processes #ps -fu username All regular users can kill their own processes Never kill the init (PID 1) process!

50 System reboot CPU must be taken down properly Get users to log off P21 system Shutdown Proseries servers: JUMP-TO.PROSHUTDOWN Prophet 21 must be stopped and offline UTILITY COMMAND- ST UTILITY COMMAND- OFF NEVER simply power the system down!

51 Shutdowns Two types of shutdowns Shutdown with automatic reboot #shutdown -Fr Shutdown with power down #shutdown -F

52 Summary Back up AIX Maintain AIX file systems Make new AIX users Troubleshoot port lockups Shutdown system

53 For More Information Acclaim Help Files Visit Activant on the web: View Educational Services course offerings Browse Documentation Search the Solutions database Submit a Support case Consulting Services consult-sales@activant.com Professional Services Sales pss@activant.com