elocity SOFTWARE USER S GUIDE P/N 95D (January 2017) 2017 Teledyne RD Instruments, Inc. All rights reserved.

Transcription

1 elocity SOFTWARE USER S GUIDE P/N 95D (January 2017) 2017 Teledyne RD Instruments, Inc. All rights reserved. Information included herein is controlled by the Export Administration Regulations (EAR) and may require an export license, license exception or other approval from the appropriate U.S. Government agency before being exported from the United States or provided to any foreign person. Diversion contrary to U.S. law is prohibited.

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3 TABLE OF CONTENTS Chapter 1 - Installing Velocity...1 Velocity Software Features...2 System Requirements...2 Installing the Velocity and WavesView Software...3 Registering Velocity...4 Contacting Teledyne RD Instruments...5 Chapter 2 Velocity Quick Start...7 Tutorial - Auto Averaging Data...8 Tutorial - Opening a Data File (No Averaging)...10 Tutorial - Re-averaging a Data File...11 Tutorial Processing a Waves Data File...13 Tutorial Processing a Waves file for Currents Only...15 Tutorial Processing WorkHorse Waves Data...16 Tutorial Restoring Processing Defaults...18 Tutorial Restoring Graph Properties...19 Restoring Graph Colors and Scaling...19 Restoring the Default Layouts...19 Tutorial - Screening Velocity and Correlation Profile Data for Boundary...20 Advanced Screening for Boundary...21 Tutorial - Removing Side-lobe Interference...22 Tutorial - Screening Velocity Profile for Fish...23 Tutorial - Screening Velocity Using Intensity and Correlation...25 Tutorial Correcting No Data Available...27 Chapter 3 - Using Velocity Using Velocity s Controls...30 Using Velocity s Menu...31 Velocity Options...32 Options...32 Averaging Sentinel V Files...33 Opening Data Files...33 Processing Overrides...34 Opening Older Data Files...36 Working with Large Data Files...36 Zooming onto a Portion of the Data...37 Using the Animation Controls...38 Printing Graphs...39 Saving Individual Graphs as Images...40 Using the System and Setup Dialogs...41 Exporting Data...42 Exporting Data to PDO...42 Exporting Data to Matlab...43 Exporting Data to ASCII...45 Chapter 4 Processing Waves Data Processing a Waves Data File...48 Process Waves Data...49 Quick Setup Tab...50 Page iii

4 Input Tab...51 Output Tab...52 Processing Tab...54 Currents Tab...57 Expert 1 Tab...59 Expert 2 Tab...61 Processing the Data with WavesMon...63 Viewing Processed Waves Data in Velocity...64 Viewing Processed Waves Data in WavesView...65 Process Waves Data for Currents Only...66 Chapter 5 Real-Time WorkHorse Waves Data Collection WavesMon4 Overview...68 ADCP Requirements...69 ADCP Mounting Requirements...69 Collecting Real-Time Data...69 Setting WavesMon4 s View Menu Options...72 Quick Tab...73 Input Tab...74 Output Tab...75 Processing Tab...75 ADCP Commands Tab...76 Expert 1 Tab...77 Expert 2 Tab...78 Chapter 6 - Available Graphs Changing the Display Layout...80 Graph Properties...80 Tabular Display...81 Contour Graphs...82 Profile Graph...83 Time Series Graph...84 Available Time Series Data D Surface View D Profile Graph...88 Viewing Vertical Beam Data...89 Chapter 7 Velocity Tools Using Velocity Tools...92 Splitting PD0 Files...92 Checking PD0 Files...93 Export PD0 to CSV...95 Chapter 8 - Processing Data Files Opening the Processing Dialog...98 Using the Basic Processing Dialog...99 Basic Processing Dialog Controls...99 Averaging Data Using the Advanced Processing Dialog Changing Data Processing Chains Options Changing Speed of Sound Options Changing Velocity Options Statistics Using the History Processing Dialog Page iv

5 ADCP Orientation and Sensor Position Up-looking Deployments Down-looking Deployments Chapter 9 Frequently Asked Questions LIST OF FIGURES Figure 1. Velocity Help Menu...3 Figure 2. Velocity Home Page...31 Figure 3. Velocity Options...32 Figure 4. Opening a Data File with Two Water Profiles...35 Figure 5. Opening a Large Data File...36 Figure 6. Overview Contour with Zoom...37 Figure 7. Animation Controls...38 Figure 8. Print Dialog...39 Figure 9. Saving a Graph as an Image...40 Figure 10. System Tab...41 Figure 11. Setup Tab...41 Figure 12. Exporting Data...42 Figure 13. Setup Playback (Advanced) Input Tab...51 Figure 14. Append Mode File Options...52 Figure 15. Wave Log Format...53 Figure 16. WavesView Display...65 Figure 17. WavesMon4 View Options Dialog...72 Figure 18. Setup Real-Time (Advanced) ADCP Commands Tab...76 Figure 19. Layouts...80 Figure 20. Tabular Display...81 Figure 21. Tabular Display Properties Dialog...81 Figure 22. Contour Graphs...82 Figure 23. Contour Graph Properties Dialog...82 Figure 24. Profile Graph...83 Figure 25. Moving the Profile Marker...83 Figure 26. Profile Graph Properties Dialog...83 Figure 27. Time Series Graphs...84 Figure 28. Time Series Graph Properties Dialog...84 Figure 29. 3D View...87 Figure 30. 3D View Properties Dialog...87 Figure 31. 3D Profile Graph...88 Figure 32. 3D Profile Graph Properties Dialog...88 Figure 33. Vertical Beam Data...89 Figure 34. Velocity Tools...92 Figure 35. Basic Processing Dialog...99 Figure 36. Processing Dialog Advanced Figure 37. Error Message Figure 38. Advanced Processing Screen Statistics Figure 39. Processing Dialog History Figure 40. Sensor Position Processing Chain Page v

6 LIST OF TABLES Table 1: File Naming Conventions...50 Table 2. Waves Time Series Descriptions...64 Table 3. Graph Properties Description...80 MANUAL REVISION HISTORY January 2017 Updated software requirements. Updated software installation and registration procedures. Updated screen captures to show Velocity version 1.7 software. May 2015 Updated software installation and registration procedures. Updated screen captures to show Velocity version 1.5 software. Updated Processing Waves Data chapter to use new Velocity 1.5 and WavesMon4. Added Tutorials for Processing a Waves Data File, Processing a Waves file for Currents Only, Processing a WorkHorse Waves Data File, and Correcting No Data Available. Updated Velocity Tools with Export PD0 data file. Updated Times Series graphs descriptions. Updated ADCP orientation and sensor position descriptions. Updated the Frequently Asked Questions section. October 2014 Updated software history. December 2013 Added Velocity Quick Start chapter. Added Processing Waves Data chapter. Updated Velocity Tools chapter removed Check PDV File section. Updated screen captures to show Velocity version 1.4 software. October 2013 Updated system requirements. Added 32 and 64 bit OS installation. Updated Options screen. Updated System screen. Updated File, Open dialog. Page vi

7 Added documentation on viewing and processing Vertical Beam data. July 2013 Updated Velocity Tools section. December 2012 Added note that older version of Velocity must be uninstalled before installing a newer version. Added Velocity Tools information. Added the Animation Dialog information. Updated the Using the System and Setup Dialogs information. Updated the Processing Dialog information. Updated the Advanced Processing screen captures and added the Statistics information. Added Frequently Asked Questions chapter. February 2012 Initial release of the manual SOFTWARE HISTORY Version 1.7 Replaced Flexera licensing scheme with TRDI solution Magnetic Variation is now being applied correctly Updated support for SV-RT PD0 format Added ability to run PD0Check in batch mode Vertical velocity profiles are now transformed to Earth correctly Version 1.5 Improve Waves Processing offerings by fully integrating WavesMon4 into the Waves Processing flow. Replace HASP USB dongle protection with Flexera Software Licensing. Fixed a bug where the Salinity in the System Setup window was zero. Fixed a bug where the waves feature key was not preserved during export. Fixed a bug in PD0 Check - calculate number of expected pings correctly. Fixed a bug where the start time shown in the set-up window always for WorkHorse data show 1/1/1970, 12:00:00 AM Version Fixed PD0 export related issues Version 1.4 Supports Waves Processing from a Sentinel V ADCP Page vii

8 Version 1.3 Support Sentinel V data files with 5th Beam Velocity Profiling Enhanced averaging of data True 64 bit OS architecture support Version 1.2 Support to open PD0 data generated by Sentinel V Ability to split Sentinel V PD0 through Velocity Tools Ability to check Sentinel V PD0 in addition to legacy PD0 through Velocity Tools Version 1.1 Added full support for WorkHorse self-contained PD0 data. Added support for moving vessel PD0 data with bottom track velocities. Enhanced tabular and system setup displays. Added ability to animate displayed data. Added processing history. Added tabular display of basic statistics. Enhanced exporting options. Added diagnostic check of PD0 files (similar as BBCheck). Added diagnostic check of PDV files. Added export of unprocessed PDV data to PD0. Added calculation of mean velocity of a profile. Version Initial release of Velocity EXCLUSIONS AND OMISSIONS Known issues: Does not support GPS reference for VmDas and WinRiver II software collected data Does not support Workhorse horizontal data collected in beam coordinate system. Does not support RiverRay data. Profile marker and profile graph can get out of sync. The contour graph may display artifacts when moused-over. Page viii

9 Velocity Software User s Guide P/N 95D (January 2017) C HAPTER 1 - INSTALLING VELOCITY INSTALLING VELOCITY 1 Chapter In this chapter, you will learn: Velocity software features System requirements How to install the Velocity software How to contact Teledyne RD Instruments Page 1

10 P/N 95D (January 2017) Velocity Software User s Guide Velocity Software Features Velocity is a software package for use with TRDI Acoustic Doppler Current Profilers. In general, Velocity gives the user a visual sense of data. It also allows the user to zoom in on a portion of the data for closer analysis. Velocity software features include: Supports Sentinel V Series ADCP data files (*.PD0, *.pdv) and legacy PD0 format data files (*.PD0, *.000, enx, enr, etc.). For the file format PD0, the 0 is the number zero, not the letter o. 2D and 3D graphs including Time series graphs, Contour graphs, Profile graphs, 3D surface, contour, and profile graphs. Basic/conventional processing features including velocity coordinate transformation and reference, and data averaging. Comprehensive, advanced and fully customizable data processing engine. A comprehensive log of all loaded and recent data files. Export to multiple output formats. System Requirements Velocity requires the following: Windows 7, 8.1, or 10 Microsoft.NET Framework 4 Client Profile 1GHz class PC 32-bit (64-bit recommended) 2GB of RAM (4GB or more RAM recommended) 50 MB Free Disk Space plus space for data files (A large, fast hard drive is recommended) Minimum display resolution of 1024 x 768, 256 color (higher recommended) CD-ROM Drive (if installed from CD) Mouse or other pointing device License (provided with software) Page 2

11 Velocity Software User s Guide P/N 95D (January 2017) Installing the Velocity and WavesView Software To install the software: 1. Velocity is available to install in the following forms: Web Download: Velocity is available for download from Click on the Support link and log into your account. Click on the Software/Firmware link and download item #57. Click on the Velocity vx.x.x (x64) or Velocity vx.x.x (x86) (where X.x.x is the latest version and x64 is for 64-bit Windows OS and x86 is for 32-bit Windows OS) link and download the Velocity files associated to that release to your computer. CD Media: Some systems ship with a Velocity CD in the box. From the CD, click on the Install Velocity (x64) or Install Velocity (x86) buttons (where x64 is for 64-bit Windows OS and x86 is for 32-bit Windows OS) file to install Velocity. 2. The installer will either perform a fresh install (in case there is no version of Velocity already installed) or upgrade an already installed version of Velocity. You do not need to re-activate the license if your older version of Velocity was already configured with an unexpired activation code. 3. Once installed, a shortcut is added to the Windows Start menu and on the desktop. Click the Velocity shortcut to start Velocity. 4. Register the Velocity software. 5. Install WavesView version 2.25 or higher if your system includes the Waves feature. WavesView is available for download from Click on the Support link and log into your account. Click on the Software/Firmware link and download item #10a. If you received a WavesView CD, then insert the WavesView CD and click on the Install WavesView button to install WavesView. Upgrading from Velocity 1.2 and higher will uninstall the older version and install the latest version. Versions 1.1 and lower of Velocity must be uninstalled before installing a newer version. Use the Help menu to check the software version and Velocity registration. Figure 1. Velocity Help Menu Page 3

12 P/N 95D (January 2017) Velocity Software User s Guide Registering Velocity When you purchase the Velocity software you will receive an Activation code that unlocks the software. If you downloaded Velocity or did not receive the activation code with the CD: 1. Send an to rdifs@teledyne.com to request an activation code. 2. TRDI field service will generate a license key, taking the following inputs: The customer s address Expiration date (perpetual key, or 30, 60, or 90 day licence) Features to activate (Waves) During software upgrades, the the Key File is preserved. To activate Velocity: On the License Registration screen, enter your activation code (xxxx-xxxx-xxxx-xxxx). Click the Activate button. Click the OK button and then OK once more to close the License Registration screen. To return to the license registration screen to view the expiration date, click Help, License Registration. Page 4

13 Velocity Software User s Guide P/N 95D (January 2017) Contacting Teledyne RD Instruments If you have technical issues or questions involving a specific application or deployment with your instrument, contact our Field Service group: Teledyne RD Instruments Stowe Drive Poway, California Teledyne RD Instruments Europe 2A Les Nertieres 5 Avenue Hector Pintus La Gaude, France Phone +1 (858) Phone +33(0) FAX +1 (858) FAX +33(0) Sales rdisales@teledyne.com Field Service rdifs@teledyne.com Sales rdie@teledyne.com Field Service rdiefs@teledyne.com Client Services Administration rdicsadmin@teledyne.com Web: For all your customer service needs including our emergency 24/7 technical support, call +1 (858) Self-Service Customer Portal Use our online customer portal at and click on the Support link to download manuals, firmware updates, software, or other Teledyne RDI documentation. Log into your account and then click the Software/Firmware link or Documentation link. Page 5

14 P/N 95D (January 2017) Velocity Software User s Guide NOTES Page 6

15 Velocity Software User s Guide P/N 95D (January 2017) C HAPTER 2 V ELOCITY QUICK START VELOCITY QUICK START 2 Chapter In this chapter, you will learn: How to open a data file and auto average the data. How to open a data file and view raw beam data (no averaging) How to re-average a data file How to process a Waves data file How to process a Waves file for Currents only How to process a WorkHorse Waves data file How to screen profile data using boundary (surface or bottom) How to remove side-lobe interference. How to screen velocity profile data for fish How to screen velocity using Intensity How to screen velocity using Correlation How to screen velocity using Error Velocity How to Correct No Data Available Page 7

16 P/N 95D (January 2017) Velocity Software User s Guide Tutorial - Auto Averaging Data Opening a Sentinel V data file with Auto Averaging selected has several benefits: View the whole data file or a large section of the data depending on the averaging interval. If the data file was collected with two water profiles, Ping1 and Ping2 are considered compatible for merging if the following are all true: Number of Bins matches Bin Size matches Blank matches Both either have vertical beam OR both do not have vertical beam selected Bandwidth must be the same for both profiles Velocity will use the ensemble averaging interval as defined in ReadyV to compute the ensemble average except in a few scenarios. Velocity will automatically screen velocity data for Intensity, Correlation, Fish, and Error Velocity screening thresholds before they are averaged. Start Velocity. Click the Options menu. Check the Always average raw data and Auto Averaging boxes. The default values for screening are shown. Adjust as needed. Fish screening is off (255) by default. Page 8

17 Velocity Software User s Guide P/N 95D (January 2017) Click the Start menu. Click Open a data file. Select a *.PD0 data file from the open dialog and click Open. Once averaging is complete, the data file opens. Multiple data files can be open at the same time in the Velocity application. Each open data file is called a session and will display a mini preview of the data file at the top of the display. You can easily switch between sessions by clicking on them. Clicking on the red X will close the data file. Page 9

18 P/N 95D (January 2017) Velocity Software User s Guide Tutorial - Opening a Data File (No Averaging) Open a data file with Auto Averaging off to process the raw beam data as needed. Start Velocity. Click the Options menu. Uncheck the Always average raw data box. Click the Start menu. Click Open a data file. Select a *.PD0 data file from the open dialog and click Open. Page 10

19 Velocity Software User s Guide P/N 95D (January 2017) Once importing is complete, the data file opens. Multiple data files can be open at the same time in the Velocity application. Each open data file is called a session and will display a mini preview of the data file at the top of the display. You can easily switch between sessions by clicking on them. Clicking on the red X will close the data file. Tutorial - Re-averaging a Data File If you change any of the screening thresholds on the Options menu, the data file must be re-averaged. When a *.PD0 file is opened, Velocity creates a matching *.pdv and *.pjv files depending on the options selected. The *.pdv file is used to process data and the *.pjv file contains the latest information about user selections for processing parameters and data displays. The original *.PD0 file is never changed, moved, or overwritten. Close the data file by clicking the red X. Page 11

20 P/N 95D (January 2017) Velocity Software User s Guide Click the Options menu. Check that the Always average raw data box is checked. Adjust the screening thresholds as needed. The Fish screening floor threshold was set to 50 in this example. Click the Open menu. Select the *.PD0 data file. Select Re-Average Raw Data (Sentinel-V). Click the Open button. Once averaging is complete, the data file opens. Page 12

21 Velocity Software User s Guide P/N 95D (January 2017) Tutorial Processing a Waves Data File Waves is a feature upgrade. Both the ADCP and Velocity license key need to have the feature upgrade available in order to process Waves data. Velocity can process Sentinel V Waves 2 Hz data only. Click the Open menu. Select a waves *.PD0 data file. Click the Waves Data button. See Tutorial Processing a Waves file for Currents Only if you click the Velocity button. Enter the Altitude above bottom in the Deployment Settings section. This is the altitude of the instrument face from the seafloor in meters when the ADCP was deployed. The altitude is used in the waves processing to apply the correct gain to the lower bins. Enter the Profile Averaging Interval. When raw ADCP ensembles are collected at 2Hz, you can choose at processing time how many you want to average for the display of averaged current profile. Click OK. WavesMon4 defaults to the Auto Setup. Select the Output Files. Use the Browse button to select a folder where the data files will be saved. Click OK. See Chapter 4 Processing Waves Data for information on using the Advanced waves processing screens. Page 13

22 P/N 95D (January 2017) Velocity Software User s Guide Click the the data. button to begin processing Wait for the processing to finish. Waves processing can take approximately ten minutes per 1GB of data. The waves data will open in Velocity once processing is complete. Page 14

23 Velocity Software User s Guide P/N 95D (January 2017) Tutorial Processing a Waves file for Currents Only Waves is a feature upgrade. Both the ADCP and Velocity license key need to have the feature upgrade available in order to process Waves data. Velocity can process Sentinel V Waves 2 Hz data only. Click the Open menu. Select a waves *.PD0 data file. Click the Currents Only button. The data file is processed for currents only and displayed in Velocity. Page 15

24 P/N 95D (January 2017) Velocity Software User s Guide Tutorial Processing WorkHorse Waves Data WHWaves is a feature upgrade and adds the Waves menu to Velocity. Both the ADCP and Velocity license key need to have the feature upgrade available in order to process WorkHorse Waves data. Click the Waves menu. On the File menu, click Open Raw Data File. Select a waves *.PD0 data file. Enter the Altitude above bottom in the Deployment Settings section. This is the altitude of the instrument face from the seafloor in meters when the ADCP was deployed. The altitude is used in the waves processing to apply the correct gain to the lower bins. Enter the Profile Averaging Interval. When raw ADCP ensembles are collected at 2Hz, you can choose at processing time how many you want to average for the display of averaged current profile. Click OK. WavesMon4 defaults to the Auto Setup. Select the Output Files. Use the Browse button to select a folder where the data files will be saved. Click OK. See Chapter 4 Processing Waves Data for information on using the Advanced waves processing screens. Page 16

25 Velocity Software User s Guide P/N 95D (January 2017) Click the the data. button to begin processing Wait for the processing to finish. Waves processing can take approximately ten minutes per 1GB of data. The waves data will open in Velocity once processing is complete. Page 17

26 P/N 95D (January 2017) Velocity Software User s Guide Tutorial Restoring Processing Defaults If the data file will not open or if you would like to revert to the default processing settings, close the file and then re-open the file using the Restore Processing Defaults button. This will reset the processing settings and overwrite the old *.pjv file. Close the data file by clicking the red X. Click the Open menu. Select the data file. Select Restore Processing Defaults. Click the Open button. Once averaging is complete, the data file opens. Page 18

27 Velocity Software User s Guide P/N 95D (January 2017) Tutorial Restoring Graph Properties If the graphs properties have been changed and you do not like the results, graph properties can be returned to the default values. Restoring Graph Colors and Scaling Click the Options menu. Click the Restore graph color and scaling button to return to the default colors and scaling. Click OK. Restoring the Default Layouts Close all data files by clicking the red X. Click the Options menu. Click the Restore default layout button to return to the default layout. Click OK. Restart Velocity. Page 19

28 P/N 95D (January 2017) Velocity Software User s Guide Tutorial - Screening Velocity and Correlation Profile Data for Boundary Basic Screening for Range Click the Processing icon the top right corner. Click the Basic tab. located in Select Range (pressure), Range (intensity), Range (BT), or None. If the Velocity and Correlation profile data are past the surface or bottom, they will be screened. Click the Apply button. If you have multiple files open and want to screen all of them using the same method, click the Apply to all button. Range (pressure) screening selected. Range (pressure) screening is the default setting. Range (intensity) screening selected. Page 20

29 Velocity Software User s Guide P/N 95D (January 2017) Advanced Screening for Boundary Advanced Screening for Range Click the Processing icon the top right corner. Click the Advanced tab. located in Select Range (pressure), Range (intensity), Range (BT), or None. The Min/Max values are shown in the upper right corner. Use these values to help set the screening value. Click the Apply button. If you have multiple files open and want to screen all of them using the same method, click the Apply to all button. Advanced Screening for Range (intensity) Click the Processing icon the top right corner. Click the Advanced tab. Select Range (intensity). located in The range can be calculated from the Slant beams (beams 1 to 4), the Vertical beam, or Both. It is often possible in shallow water that the intensity data can reflect the surface or bottom generating a second bump that can be as strong as the real boundary. If you know the approximate water depth, enter this number in the Maximum search range screening threshold. Click the Apply button. If you have multiple files open and want to screen all of them using the same method, click the Apply to all button. Page 21

30 P/N 95D (January 2017) Velocity Software User s Guide Tutorial - Removing Side-lobe Interference All ADCP beams have side lobes. Each side lobe is shaped like a cone. Part of this cone looks down a neighboring beam s main lobe. Therefore, when acoustic energy is propagating back to the ADCP along a beam s main lobe, part of this energy is seen by the other beams side lobes. The amount of energy seen depends on the relative amplitude of the side lobe and the echo intensity of the surrounding water. Basic Tab Click the Processing icon the top right corner. Click the Basic tab. located in Select Remove side-lobe interference. Click the Apply button. If you have multiple files open and want to screen all of them using the same method, click the Apply to all button. This is a contour plot without removing side-lobe interference. The data file was collected with a Rio Grande ADCP using Bottom Track. Result after removing side-lobe interference. Page 22

31 Velocity Software User s Guide P/N 95D (January 2017) Tutorial - Screening Velocity Profile for Fish Check for intensity that increases because of fish: Look at the profile plot of intensity if you suspect fish. The Fish screen threshold allows you to set the screening level for fish. Essentially, it allows you to set how large the intensity of one beam can be versus the intensities of the other beams before marking that cell bad. Note the fish may appear in one or more beams. Opening a data file with Auto Averaging off (see Tutorial - Opening a Data File (No Averaging)). Right-click on the Profile plot. Select Profile, Intensity. You can also use the Four Profile layout. Click the Layout icon corner. in the upper right Select the Four Profiles icon. Click and Drag the profile marker through the data file or use the Animation controls. Look for sharp increases in the Intensity that effect one or more beams. Page 23

32 P/N 95D (January 2017) Velocity Software User s Guide Click the Processing icon the top right corner. Click the Advanced tab. Select Beam velocity. located in Adjust the Fish screening threshold. Click the Apply button. If you have multiple files open and want to screen all of them using the same method, click the Apply to all button. Beam velocity is not available for averaged data files. Re-average the data file to screen for fish. Page 24

33 Velocity Software User s Guide P/N 95D (January 2017) Tutorial - Screening Velocity Using Intensity and Correlation Check intensity plots for: Check that there are intensities on all four beams. Check that the values decrease with depth. The End of profile (surface or bottom) should create a bump (increase in counts). Check correlation plots for: Normal correlation wiggles around 128 counts. This is good data. The End of profile (surface or bottom) should create a bump (decrease in counts). Open a data file. Right-click on the Profile plot. Select Profile, Intensity. You can also use the Four Profile layout. Click the Layout icon corner. in the upper right Select the Four Profiles icon. Click the Processing icon the top right corner. Click the Advanced tab. Select Beam Velocity. located in Adjust the Intensity screening and Correlation thresholds. The Min/Max values are shown in the upper right corner. Use these values to help set the screening value. Click the Apply button. If you have multiple files open and want to screen all of them using the same method, click the Apply to all button. Page 25

34 P/N 95D (January 2017) Velocity Software User s Guide Before Screening: A typical deployment may start data collection in air. This velocity data are invalid. The Sentinel V ADCP does not perform any screening, so intensity or correlation screening in Velocity should be used. After Screening: The invalid data that was collected in air is removed. Page 26

35 Velocity Software User s Guide P/N 95D (January 2017) Tutorial Correcting No Data Available There are a number of scenarios by which a user can open a data file and be shown the No data available message in Velocity. One cause of this is if the user has a pressure sensor that is reading less deep then the instrument is. This causes data to be clipped up to and including all of their data. If the display shows No data available, data may not match the default process settings or is not valid data. Click the Processing icon located in the top right corner. Click the Advanced tab. Click Range. Select None for the Range processing chain. Click the Apply button. Depending on the data, you may have to adjust the range only, or both range and the beam velocity screening to see the data. Click the Processing icon the top right corner. Click the Advanced tab. Select Beam velocity. located in Uncheck the Screening with intensity, Screening with correlation, and Fish screening boxes. Click the Apply button. Page 27

36 P/N 95D (January 2017) Velocity Software User s Guide NOTES Page 28

37 Velocity Software User s Guide P/N 95D (January 2017) C HAPTER 3 - U SING V ELOCITY USING VELOCITY 3 Chapter In this chapter, you will learn: Velocity controls and menus How to open a data file How to zoom onto a portion of the data How to animate a data file How to print graphs How to save graphs as images See how the data was collected How to export data Page 29

38 P/N 95D (January 2017) Velocity Software User s Guide Using Velocity s Controls Control Description Clicking the Home button will toggle between the home page and the data file. Multiple data files can be open at the same time in the Velocity application. Each open data file is called a session and will display a mini preview of the data file at the top of the display. You can easily switch between sessions by clicking on them. Clicking on the red X will close the data file. Opens the Processing dialog. Click outside the Processing dialog to close the window. See Processing Data Files for more information. Opens the Layout dialog. See Available Graphs for more information on layouts and what graphs are available. Opens the Setup dialog. The Setup dialog tells you how the ADCP was set up while collecting data. Opens the Animation dialog. Move the mouse cursor over any point on the contour graphs to see the details for that cell. Drag the blue Profile Marker to select what water profile displays in the profile graph. The left and right arrow keys can also be used to move the Profile Marker. Drag the zoom handles to zoom in on a portion of the data for closer analysis. See Zooming onto a Portion of the Data. Left-click and drag inside the box to move the zoom area. You can also left-click and drag on the contour graphs to move the zoom area. When a data file has two water profiles, use the Profile tabs to switch between Water Profile 1 and Water Profile 2. When a data file with more than 25,000 samples/pings is loaded, use the left and right arrows to load a section of the data file. If the display shows No data available, data may not match the default process settings or is not valid data. On the Advanced tab of Processing screen, Velocity, uncheck the Screening with intensity, Screening with correlation, and Fish screening boxes. Click the Apply button. See Tutorial Correcting No Data Available. Page 30

39 Velocity Software User s Guide P/N 95D (January 2017) Using Velocity s Menu Menu Item Description Opens the Starting actions page. This dialog provides a quick way to open a data file, view the sample data file and open the last data file viewed. Use this button to open data files. Brings up a list of recently opened data files. Opens a page to change what views and graphs are displayed. Opens the print dialog so that the current view can be printed. Opens the WorkHorse WavesMon4 screen. The Waves menu only appears if the activation code includes WH Waves. Opens the export page so that the file can be exported to ASCII, PD0, or Matlab formats. Allows the choice between Metric and English units. Sets Averaging options when a file is opened. Use to Restore graph colors and scaling to defaults and restore default graph layouts. Opens the Velocity Tools standalone application. Use Velocity Tools to quickly evaluate the overall file integrity or convert raw PDV data to the PD0 format for use with legacy software. Opens the help page. View the software version number, contact information for Teledyne RD Instruments and open the Velocity Quick Start Guide or Velocity User s Guide. Exits Velocity. Figure 2. Velocity Home Page Clicking the Home button will toggle between the home page and the data file views. The Waves menu only appears if the activation code includes WH Waves. Page 31

40 P/N 95D (January 2017) Velocity Software User s Guide Velocity Options When a *.PD0 file is opened, Velocity creates a matching *.pdv and *.pjv files depending on the options selected. The *.pdv file is used to process data and the *.pjv file contains the latest information about user selections for processing parameters and data displays. The original *.PD0 file is never changed, moved, or overwritten. Figure 3. Velocity Options Options Units Allows the choice between Metric and English units. Show Application Files Select this box to keep the *.pdv and *.pjv files in the same folder as the source *.PD0 file. If this is not selected, the files will be generated in a Windows hidden folder. The Waves application files are always kept in the same folder as the source *.PD0 file. Restore graph colors and scaling Click this button to restore the graphs to default settings. Restore default graph layouts Click this button to restore the default graph layout settings. Velocity needs to be restarted to restore the default graph layout settings. Page 32

41 Velocity Software User s Guide P/N 95D (January 2017) Averaging Sentinel V Files Always average raw data If the data file had two water profiles with similar timing, then Velocity will combine them into one profile when the file is opened (see Figure 4, page 35). Beam data is not available after averaging data. Auto Averaging Velocity will use the ensemble average as collected in ReadyV. See Changing Velocity Options for information on Intensity, Correlation, Fish, and Error Velocity screening thresholds. If the data file was collected with two water profiles, Ping1 and Ping2 are considered compatible for merging if the following are all true: Number of Bins matches Bin Size matches Blank matches Both either have vertical beam OR both do not have vertical beam selected Bandwidth must be the same for both profiles Opening Data Files Velocity can open V Series ADCP data files (*.PD0, *.pdv) and legacy PD0 format data files (*.PD0, *.000, *.enx, and *.enr). For the file format PD0, the 0 is the number zero, not the letter O. To open a data file: 1. Click the Home button located in the top left corner. 2. Click the Options button and select the options. Data averaging is on by default. 3. Do one of the following: Drag a data file onto the Velocity desktop icon. This will start Velocity and open the data file. With the Start menu selected, on the Starting actions area, click Open a data file button. Click the Open menu button. 4. To limit what files are displayed, select a filter from the drop-down list. The default is PD0 Data Files (*.PD0). 5. Select the data file to be opened by clicking on its name. If the data file is large, a progress bar will display over the overview contour while the file opens. Page 33

42 P/N 95D (January 2017) Velocity Software User s Guide When a *.PD0 data file is opened, Velocity will create a matching *.pjv and *.pdv file. Depending on the file size, the conversion can take several minutes. The pdv file only has to be created once. The next time the data file is opened, it s much quicker. The *.pjv file contains the latest information about user selections for processing parameters and data displays. The *.pjv file may need to be overwritten if you are processing the data file using a newer version of Velocity (see Processing Overrides). If the Options screen is set to Always average raw data (default), then: filename.averaged.pdv Velocity will create a matching *.pdv file. filename.averaged.pjv Velocity will create a matching *.pjv file. If the Options screen Always average raw data is not selected, then: filename.import.pdv Velocity will create a matching *.pdv file. filename.inport.pjv Velocity will create a matching *.pjv file. 6. After the file is opened, a mini preview of the data file will display at the top of the Velocity screen. Click the preview to switch to the session (if other files are opened). Processing Overrides When a data file is opened, there are two options at the bottom of the Open dialog. Re-Average Raw Data (Sentinel V) Select this option to force re-averaging of the raw data file. Restore Processing Defaults If the data file will not open or processing data gives unexpected results, close the file and then re-open the file using the Restore Processing Defaults button. This will reset the processing settings and overwrite the old *.pjv file. Page 34

43 Velocity Software User s Guide P/N 95D (January 2017) Always average raw data not selected in the Options screen. Always average raw data selected in the Options screen, Auto Averaging unselected. Always average raw data selected in the Options screen, Auto Averaging selected. Figure 4. Opening a Data File with Two Water Profiles Page 35

44 P/N 95D (January 2017) Velocity Software User s Guide Opening Older Data Files All files created in Velocity 1.2 and 1.3 will open with Velocity 1.7. The *.pjv file and *.pdv files do not need to be deleted. When opening data files processed with Velocity 1.1, Velocity 1.7 will: All the Sentinel V generated *.pdv files data files from firmware versions to will work as is. All of the processing settings generated by Velocity 1.1 for Sentinel V generated data files will not get carried forward, but it is not required to manually delete the *.pjv file created from Sentinel V *.pdv files. All the Velocity 1.1 generated *.pdv files created from legacy systems data files (*.PD0, *.000, *.enx, and *.enr legacy formats) must be deleted and regenerated. Velocity 1.3 will warn the user to do the same. All the processing settings generated by Velocity 1.1 for legacy data files will not get carried forward, but it is not required to manually delete the *.pjv file for the legacy files. Working with Large Data Files If a data file has 25,000 to 50,000 samples/pings, Velocity will open a portion of the data file to help maintain system performance (based on system memory and processor). Click on the left and right arrows at the top of the screen to select a portion of the file and then click Load. Averaging the data file will allow Velocity to open the entire data file (see Velocity Options). Figure 5. Opening a Large Data File Processing and Exporting will only apply to the selected portion of the file. Page 36

45 Velocity Software User s Guide P/N 95D (January 2017) Zooming onto a Portion of the Data The Overview contour graph has controls so the user can zoom onto different sections of data. The selected portion of data is called the Selected Set. It is outlined by a white box. The other graphs display the selected set of the Overview. When a data file is first opened, 100% of the data is selected in the Overview Contour. Figure 6. There are four ways to zoom to a selected set of the data. Overview Contour with Zoom Control Description Drag the left and right handles on the timeline. Placing the cursor over a handle it will change it to a hand icon. Dragging the mouse changes it to a double-arrow. Do not get too far ahead of the handles as you drag the mouse or the zoom function will end. Just place the cursor over the handles again and continue dragging. The amount of time inside the selected area is indicated in blue text between the handles. Click one of the preset times. The data file is divided into even time intervals. A short data file may be divided into increments of seconds and minutes and a longer data file may use hours and days. Using the mouse wheel is the easiest way to zoom out to the entire data file. Scrolling down will decrease the zoom (you will see more of the data file). Scrolling up will increase the zoom level. Clicking on one of the white lines will change it to a double-arrow icon adjust the selected data.. Drag on the white lines to Once a portion of the data is selected, hold the left mouse button down and drag to move the box. The cursor will change to a 4-way arrow. Left-click and drag on the contour and time series graphs to move the zoom area. Page 37

46 P/N 95D (January 2017) Velocity Software User s Guide Using the Animation Controls Click the Animate data playback button on the upper right corner of the screen to display the Animation Controls dialog. To exit this dialog, click outside of the dialog. Animation Controls Use the Animation Controls to Start, Pause, go to Previous, or go to Next ensemble. Use the slider to adjust how many ensembles to jump for each step of the animation. Figure 7. Animation Controls Page 38

47 Velocity Software User s Guide P/N 95D (January 2017) Printing Graphs To print the current view: 1. Click the Home button. 2. Click the Print menu. 3. A preview of the graph will be displayed. 4. Select the printer from the drop-down list. Use the Printer Properties button to adjust the printer settings. 5. Select the paper size using the Size drop-down list. 6. Select of the paper orientation by click the portrait or landscape icon. 7. Select the number of copies. 8. Click the Print button. Figure 8. Print Dialog Page 39

48 P/N 95D (January 2017) Velocity Software User s Guide Saving Individual Graphs as Images To save an individual graph as an image: 1. Right-click on the graph that you want to create an image of; this will open the graph Properties dialog. 2. Click the Save Image icon. 3. Select the folder where you want the files saved. Type a file name and click the Save button. Figure 9. Saving a Graph as an Image Page 40

49 Velocity Software User s Guide P/N 95D (January 2017) Using the System and Setup Dialogs To see what type of ADCP and how the ADCP was set up while collecting data: 1. Click the icon in the upper right corner of the display. The System page opens. 2. Use the System tab to view the type ADCP that collected the data file. This section includes the Serial number, Frequency, Pressure rating, and Firmware version of the ADCP used to collect the data. If the data file had features enabled, a check mark appears next to the feature. 3. Use the Setup tab to view how the ADCP was setup including the System setup, Profile setup, and Timing. Figure 10. System Tab Figure 11. Setup Tab Page 41

50 P/N 95D (January 2017) Velocity Software User s Guide Exporting Data Velocity can export files to ASCII, PDO, or Matlab format. Figure 12. Exporting Data Exporting Data to PDO To export a Velocity *.pdv file to *.PD0 format: 1. Click the Home button to open the menu. 2. Click the Export menu. 3. Click the Export to PD0 button to export the *.pdv file to *.PD0 format. Velocity will name the file File_Name.export.PD0. For the file format PD0, the 0 is the number zero, not the letter o. Export to PDO will export the open portion of the file and processing (see Working with Large Data Files). When a Sentinel V *.PD0 data file is opened with WinADCP, this software does not display pressure directly. Here is how it all works: The Variable leader has two data fields: ADCP depth in dm and Pressure in kpa. During Velocity export, Pressure remains unchanged. During Velocity export, ADCP depth is overwritten by a value calculated based on Range to surface (so, if Intensity was selected as the source for depth, this value will change). WinADCP uses ADCP depth to show Depth from Ancillary data. It does not display the word Pressure on the user interface. For best results, keep Range to surface as Pressure the data will display in WinADCP correctly. Page 42

51 Velocity Software User s Guide P/N 95D (January 2017) Exporting Data to Matlab To export a Velocity *.PD0 or *.pdv file to *.mat format: 1. Click the Home button to open the menu. 2. Click the Export menu. 3. Click the Export to Matlab button to export the *.mat format file. 4. After loading the file in Matlab, type whos to see what variables are in the data file:» whos Name Size Bytes Class info 1x1 660 struct array names 27x cell array sens 1x struct array wt 1x struct array 5. Typing names displays a description of the variables:» names names = 'info (System/Setup Info): ' ' cell - depth cell size [m] ' ' blank - blank [m] ' ' cell1 - first cell range [m] ' ' ncells - number of cells ' ' angle - beam angle [deg] ' ' ' 'sens (Sensors): ' ' dnum - time int Datenum format ' ' time - seconds from 1970/01/01 ' ' h - heading [deg] ' ' p - pitch [deg] ' ' r - roll [deg] ' ' t - temperature [C] ' ' pd - pressure sensor depth [m] ' ' sos - speed of sound [m/s] ' ' s - salinity ' ' o - orientation ' ' v - voltage [V] ' ' ' 'wt (Water profile): ' ' vel - velocity [m/s] ' ' int - intensity [counts] ' ' corr - correlation [counts] ' ' pg - percent good [%] ' ' d - cells depths [m] ' ' r - cells ranges [m] ' 6. Type sens to see members of the sens structure:» sens sens = dnum: [345x1 double] time: [345x1 double] h: [345x1 double] p: [345x1 double] r: [345x1 double] o: [345x1 double] v: [345x1 double] t: [345x1 double] pd: [345x1 double] sos: [345x1 double] s: [345x1 double] Page 43

52 P/N 95D (January 2017) Velocity Software User s Guide 7. Type wt to see members of the wt structure:» wt wt = vel: [345x30x4 double] int: [345x30x4 double] corr: [345x30x4 double] pg: [345x30x4 double] d: [345x30 double] r: [345x30 double] 8. Type info to see members of the info structure:» info info = cell: blank: cell1: ncells: 30 angle: 25 MatLab example with waves and vertical beam types:» whos Name Size Bytes Class info 1x1 660 struct array names 27x cell array sens 1x struct array vb 1x struct array waves 1x struct array wt 1x struct array Grand total is elements using bytes» vb vb =» waves waves = vel: [233x40 double] int: [233x40 double] cor: [233x40 double] dnum: [233x1 double] (date, in standard Matlab format) time: [233x1 double] (time, in standard Matlab format) Hs: [233x1 double] Tp: [233x1 double] Dp: [233x1 double] Tz: [233x1 double] T01: [233x1 double] Tinv1: [233x1 double] Dm: [233x1 double] S0: [233x1 double] HsSwell: [233x1 double] TpSwell: [233x1 double] DpSwell: [233x1 double] HsSea: [233x1 double] TpSea: [233x1 double] DpSea: [233x1 double] SH13: [233x1 double] ST13: [233x1 double] SH10: [233x1 double] ST10: [233x1 double] SHmax: [233x1 double] STmax: [233x1 double] Page 44

53 Velocity Software User s Guide P/N 95D (January 2017) Exporting Data to ASCII To export a Velocity *.PD0 or *.pdv file to ASCII *.txt: 1. Click the Home button to open the menu. 2. Click the Export menu. 3. Select the type(s) of data to export by checking the box. For example, checking the Velocity box will allow what types of velocity data to export. 4. Select a delimiter/separator (comma, space, tab, and semicolon). 5. Select how to mark invalid or bad data (NaN (Not a Number), BAD, or space). 6. Select a time range. By default, the entire data file is selected. 7. Select a cell range. By default, all cells are selected. 8. Click the Export to ASCII button to export the *.txt format file. Page 45

54 P/N 95D (January 2017) Velocity Software User s Guide NOTES Page 46

55 Velocity Software User s Guide P/N 95D (January 2017) C HAPTER 4 PROCESSING WAVES DATA PROCESSING WAVES DATA 4 Chapter In this chapter, you will learn: Waves processing options How to view waves data Page 47

56 P/N 95D (January 2017) Velocity Software User s Guide Processing a Waves Data File Raw ADCP waves data must be processed using Velocity and WavesMon4 to create the Waves Record (*.wvs) file. The ADCP measures the subsurface orbital velocities created by the wave field. Velocity averages this raw data to create a mean current profile and the data is accumulated into time series for waves processing by WavesMon4. Each time series of data is called a burst. From this burst, velocity power spectra, directional spectra, and mean water levels are calculated. WavesMon4 also includes: Bin mapping / interpolation of the vertical and slant beam data. Earth coordinate transformation of vertical beam data. Screening of fish bias with a maximum correlation screen. To open a Sentinel V Waves data file: See Tutorial Processing a Waves Data File and Tutorial Processing WorkHorse Waves Data for information on using the Auto Setup waves processing. 1. Click the Home button to open the menu. Click the Open menu. 2. Select a waves *.PD0 data file. Click the Waves Data button. Continue to Process Waves Data, page 49. Waves is a feature upgrade. Both the ADCP and Velocity license key need to have the feature upgrade available in order to process Waves data. Velocity can process Sentinel V Waves 2 Hz data only. To open a WorkHorse Waves data file: 1. Click the Home button to open the menu. Click the Waves menu. The Waves menu only appears if the activation code includes WHWaves. 2. On the File menu, click Open Raw Data File. Select a WorkHorse waves *.PD0 data file. Click OK. Continue to Process Waves Data, page 49. Page 48

57 Velocity Software User s Guide P/N 95D (January 2017) Process Waves Data 3. Enter the altitude of the instrument face from the seafloor in meters when the ADCP was deployed. The Altitude above bottom is assumed zero. The altitude is used in the waves processing to apply the correct gain to the lower bins. An incorrect Altitude above bottom setting will cause the pressure and velocity-spectra to not match the surface track spectra. 4. Select a Profile Averaging Interval. When raw ADCP ensembles are collected at 2Hz, you can choose at processing time how many you want to average for the display of averaged current profile. If the data file was collected with two water profiles, Ping1 and Ping2 are considered compatible for merging if the following are all true: Number of Bins matches Bin Size matches Blank matches Both either have vertical beam OR both do not have vertical beam selected Bandwidth must be the same for both profiles 5. On the Setup Play Back screen, click the Advanced button. This will bring up the advanced screen with a set of seven tabs. If you click OK on the Quick Setup tab, see Tutorial Processing a Waves Data File and Tutorial Processing WorkHorse Waves Data. Page 49

58 P/N 95D (January 2017) Velocity Software User s Guide Quick Setup Tab Use the Quick Setup tab to set what file types are output. There are four programs involved with collecting Waves data. ReadyV helps create a command file to setup the Sentinel V to collect 2 Hz waves data. Velocity and WavesMon4 (now part of Velocity) are designed for processing self-contained waves data. The main output of WavesMon4 is the wave record file (*.wvs). WavesView is designed to allow playback of the wave record file. The file extensions have the following meanings: Table 1: Extension *.sst *.cfg *.wvs File Naming Conventions Description Setup file used by WavesMon4 that contains a list of names of the configuration files used by WavesMon4. Configuration files created by WavesMon4 based on how the program options are setup. Waves Record file created by processing data using WavesMon4. *.000 Currents data, log data, and processed waves record files. *.txt *.PD0 Ready V command files, WavesMon4 deployment summary, and WavesMon4 error log. Sentinel V Waves 2 Hz data file. Velocity can process Sentinel V Waves 2 Hz data only. Page 50

59 Velocity Software User s Guide P/N 95D (January 2017) Input Tab The Input tab allows you to select what files to use. Figure 13. Setup Playback (Advanced) Input Tab Input Data From Select File. The Com Port and File (polled) modes are for WorkHorse Real-Time data collection (see Chapter 2 Real-Time WorkHorse Waves Data Collection). Expecting Packets Data Packets data is for WorkHorse Real-Time data collection (see Chapter 2 Real- Time WorkHorse Waves Data Collection). Velocity can process standard ensemble Sentinel V Waves 2 Hz data only. Velocity can process Waves 2 Hz data only. Input ADCP Data from File Use the Browse button to select the data file. Data Type/File Size The Data Type will show Ensembles if the data file has raw ensemble data or Packets if the raw data file uses Packet data (not supported in Velocity 1.5). Skip N Bytes Into File Use this function to skip into the file to a specific location. For example, if the ADCP data collection started on the bench, then was deployed on the ocean bottom later, the starting data is bad. To skip this data, offset into the file to the good data. You may need to try a few times if the exact offset is important. Page 51

60 P/N 95D (January 2017) Velocity Software User s Guide Output Tab The Output tab allows you to select what files to output. Click the Browse button to choose a valid path and the Append Mode file options. Figure 14. Append Mode File Options Overwrite each time Overwrites the file each time it is written. If a file does not exist it will create one the first time. Start new then append Creates a new file every time the software is run (the Go button is clicked), but will append to the existing file during a run of the software. Append to existing file Always appends to the existing file. If a file does not exist it will create one the first time. Inc extension each time A new file is created and the numerical three-digit extension is incremented by one every write. A maximum of 999 files can be done. Use DataTime The Date time is to provide a unique file name each time the file is written. Format is YYMMDDHHMMSS. Restart on burst The file will be restarted on every waves burst interval. Primary use is for raw data to be stored in a discrete file every burst interval. This may aid telemetry users. Page 52

61 Velocity Software User s Guide P/N 95D (January 2017) Raw Data Raw data output is for WorkHorse Real-Time data collection (see Chapter 2 Real-Time WorkHorse Waves Data Collection). Wave Parameters Log The Waves Log File is a brief summary containing wave parameters (Hs, Tp, Dp, and averaged current profile data). Select the Log file box (Log COM is not supported). Click the Browse button to choose a valid path and the Append Mode file options. Enter the Wave Log Format type. To view the formats, click the Show Format button. The default is format 17. Click the Save To File button to save the screen to a text file for reference use. Click OK. Processed Waves Data Figure 15. Wave Log Format Select the Processed Data check box to create a waves record file (*.wvs). Click the Browse button to choose a valid path and the Append Mode file options. Check the Save Processed to Text Files to create an ASCII text file for each burst for each of the selected data types. The text file has a header describing the contents of the file. These files can be loaded into Matlab or a spreadsheet for those who would like to process or analyze the data on their own. This option is recommended for users that would like to batch process text files for a whole data set. Currents Data Select the Currents Data check box to create a data file with just the currents data. Click the Browse button to choose a valid path and the Append Mode file options. Page 53

62 P/N 95D (January 2017) Velocity Software User s Guide Processing Tab Use the Processing tab to choose what data to process and how to process the data. In the What to Process section, the Process and Save check boxes let you choose what data to process and what data to save in the Waves Record (*.wvs) file. Note there is some dependency between the selected data types. One cannot do a Directional Spectrum if no Velocity Data was processed in the first place. Likewise, one cannot save a Surface Spectrum if it was not processed to begin with. This allows the flexibility to process and display the data but just store spectra or wave parameters in the output file. ADCP Environment Including Velocity, Surface, or Pressure Time Series in the saved Waves Record makes very large data files. If you do not require time series data to be output, do not select them in the What to Process, Save box. Transducer Altitude. If the Transducer Altitude is unchecked, it is assumed zero. If it is checked, one can enter an offset of the instrument from the bottom in cm. This helps get the bin locations correct if the instrument is mounted on another structure or is located significantly above the bottom. Force Fixed Depth. If the box is unchecked, the software uses the instrument depth computed by the pressure sensor in each ensemble. These are averaged to calculate mean instrument depth. If no pressure sensor was available or the mean water depth was very large relative to tidal changes, or the pressure sensor failed, the nominal water depth can be forced to this value. Depth Correction. The depth correction allows one to correct for an un-calibrated pressure sensor. If for example, the instrument has been submerged for a long time and the pressure sensor depth consistently reads larger than the surface track depth, it is likely that the pressure sensor has drifted with time and needs to be zeroed at the surface again. Page 54

63 Velocity Software User s Guide P/N 95D (January 2017) If the wave height spectra do not agree very closely between the velocity spectrum and the pressure or surface track spectrum, it may be because the pressure sensor is in error. An offset in the pressure measurement does not significantly affect the pressure spectrum, however, it does have an immediate effect on the velocity spectrum. The locations of the velocity bins below the surface are determined using the mean water depth from the pressure sensor. An overly large pressure sensor reading for depth will cause the velocity spectrum to be high as well. To correct for a pressure sensor reading 500 mm too high make the depth correction 500. Depth from If you know that you have a bad pressure sensor then choose Surface Track, otherwise leave at the default of Pressure Sensor. Bottom Slope Bottom slope is not supported in Velocity version 1.7: Leave at zero (default). ADCP heading Force Fixed Heading. The heading is normally measured by the ADCP s compass. If for some reason the instrument was mounted with a lot of steel nearby and the compass was not valid, the heading could be measured independently. Checking the box and entering a heading offset forces the software to use that heading always. The directional spectra algorithm must know the instruments heading to calculate wave direction. Magnetic Variation. Enter the Magnetic Variation for your location in the world to have the direction information calculated relative to true North rather than magnetic North. Force Fixed Pitch. The pitch is normally measured by the ADCP s compass. Checking the box and entering a fixed pitch forces the software to always use that pitch. Force Fixed Roll. The roll is normally measured by the ADCP s compass. Checking the box and entering a fixed roll forces the software to always use that roll. How To Process This section tells the software how to process the data. Samples/Burst. This is the number of ensembles accumulated into a burst for waves processing. Because of the statistical nature of ocean waves, it is recommended that this correspond to data spanning a range of 5 to 40 minutes. Recommended Setting. Choose a Samples/Burst number so that more data is collected than required. For example, 2048 is the nearest power of two, 2400 samples allows some data to be potentially lost. Time Between Bursts. WavesMon4 uses Time Between Bursts to process data from an ADCP that was burst sampling. For example if an ADCP is collecting 20 minutes (2400 samples per burst) of data every hour on the hour, the time between bursts would be set to an hour. The ADCP time of first ping command would start the sampling on the next hour. Set the Time Between Bursts accurately or the software may treat good data as discontinuous. Set the burst duration exactly if continuously running. Recommended Setting. A recommended setup is 20 minutes of data every hour on the hour. FFT Length. The FFT Length control lets one choose the exact number of samples in the time series to be Fourier transformed. This must be a power of two and less than or equal to the Ensembles Per Burst. If an erroneous value is chosen the software will pick the nearest power of two that is less than or equal to the value chosen and the Ensembles per Burst. This value would differ from the Ensembles per Burst if the ADCP were collecting bursts that are not a power two. Recommended Setting. Set the Samples per Burst to 2400 (20 minutes of data) so that the current profile will have 3 averaging intervals 6 minutes long and the FFT will have 2048 samples. Page 55

64 P/N 95D (January 2017) Velocity Software User s Guide Frequency Bands. The number of frequency bands must be a power of two and the maximum is half the FFT Length. Band averaging smoothes the data by averaging adjacent frequency band from the raw frequency spectrum. Band averaging also increases the number of degrees of freedom of the cross-spectral matrix because each frequency band is independent. Band averaging improves the results and speed of the directional spectra algorithm so it is recommended that at least some be done. Recommended Setting. Using 128 Frequency Bands gives nice frequency resolution and still smoothes the data by a factor of square root eight. If very long waves are of interest, less band averaging (512 Frequency Bands) will give greater frequency resolution at these frequencies. Environments that see 20 second period waves and larger should use at least 256 Frequency Bands. Frequency Thresholds. The Frequency threshold is calculated automatically for each height spectrum type (pressure, surface track, velocity). However, if for some reason the algorithm is not handling some set of environmental conditions properly you one can manually set the upper frequency cutoff. This becomes important to such calculations as significant wave height and determining the range of frequencies over which to search for a peak. A highest reasonable frequency or cutoff frequency is calculated for each of the wave height spectra. The cutoff frequency is important for the calculation of significant wave height, determining the frequency range over which to search for a peak and plotting. For the pressure spectrum, and the velocity spectrum, at a particular depth, there is some frequency range at which the measurable wave energy drops below the noise floor. For example, a pressure sensor in 150 meters depth cannot possibly measure 3-second interval waves. To calculate the cutoff frequency WavesMon4 uses linear wave theory to determine a rough starting point based on the depth and frequency. This relation is essentially the inversion of the translation to surface displacement equation, for a specific depth and frequency. The algorithm then leaps forward to a higher frequency, and slides a filter backwards through the spectrum data until the filtered spectrum exceeds the noise floor. Recommended Setting. The software attempts to calculate an upper cutoff frequency automatically, however if you would like to further limit the highest frequency you can force an upper threshold. Number of Angles. The number of angles determines the angular resolution of the directional spectrum. Dividing the full circle into 90 pie slices gives good resolution without overkill. Recommended Setting. Set the number of angles to 90. This is the number of slices the 360-degree, full circle is divided into for the directional spectra calculation. You can use as high as 360 slices of one-degree width, however, the resulting spectrum does not change much, and there is four times as much data to move and plot. Less than 90 angle divisions will also work fine, however poor angular resolution will begin to degrade or smear the data. Depth Cells Used For Waves Height Spectrum Depth Cells. Many depth cells can be chosen, however, if high frequency data is of interest it is recommended that you choose depth cells nearer to the surface. Be sure that the highest depth cell is below the surface at low tide. If the instrument is mounted near an interfering object like a platform leg, depth cells can be chosen which skip this range. Directional Spectrum Depth Cells. The direction spectrum algorithm must invert a sensor-by-sensor matrix at each frequency band. Empirically the algorithm appears to achieve good results with 3 or more depth cells. Theoretically, the depth cells should be chosen with some spread and farther up in the water column so that the array has as much aperture as possible. Be sure that you do not choose depth cells beyond the profiling range of the instrument. Page 56

65 Velocity Software User s Guide P/N 95D (January 2017) Recommended Setting. It is recommended that you choose the Auto depth cell selection check box. If you want to select which bins are used manually this can be done as follows: 1. Choose Height Spectra Depth Cells that are nearer to the surface for better high frequency results. Make sure that the depth cells are not too close to the surface at low tide. 2. Choose three Directional Spectra Depth Cells that are higher in the water column. Less than three can cause the directional spectra algorithm to give poor results. More than three gives results that are more robust but has a dramatic effect on the speed of the algorithm. The point of diminishing returns is about three or four depth cells. Currents Tab Use the Currents tab to process the currents data in the data file. Profile Averaging Interval. When raw ADCP ensembles are collected at 2Hz, you can choose at processing time how many you want to average for the display of averaged current profile. Screening Use screening to determine what fraction of data passed a variety of criteria. Rejection criteria include low correlation, fish detection (false target threshold), and large error velocity. Correlation Threshold is a measure of data quality, and its output is scaled in units such that the expected correlation (given high signal/noise ratio, S/N) is 64. Fish Threshold is used to screen data for false targets (usually fish). If the threshold value is exceeded, the data is rejected on a cell-by-cell basis for either the affected beam (fish detected in only one beam) or for the affected cell in all four beams (fish detected in more than one beam). This usually occurs when fish pass through one or more beams. Max. Error Velocity threshold value is used to flag water-current data as good or bad for error velocities in both beam and transformed-coordinate data. If the data s error velocity Page 57

66 P/N 95D (January 2017) Velocity Software User s Guide value exceeds this threshold, it flags data as bad for a given depth cell. Setting the threshold to zero disables error velocity screening. Bin mapping attempts to combine data from sections of the beams that are at the same depth in the water, and does not make any attempt to calculate how that depth might change for a tilted system. Select Bin Map Janus Beams either or both Bin Map 5 th Beam to use Bin mapping. Coordinate System. Velocity data are output in units of mm/s. Data is in one of the following formats: Beam coordinates Velocity is output parallel to each beam. Earth coordinates Velocity is converted into north, east and up components. ADCP coordinates Similar to earth coordinates except that velocity is converted to forward, sideways, and up components, relative to the ADCP. ADCP forward is the direction toward which beam 3 faces. ADCP sideways is to the right of forward. Vertical velocities are positive upwards. Ship coordinates Similar to ADCP coordinates except that heading is rotated into ship s forward and sideways. If beam 3 faces toward the bow of the ship, than the ADCP and ship coordinates are the same. Coordinate Transform 5 th Beam. Correction is applied when the data are converted from beam coordinates to earth coordinates. Page 58

67 Velocity Software User s Guide P/N 95D (January 2017) Expert 1 Tab Spectrum To use to calculate Wave Parameters. Select one of the buttons to choose which nondirectional spectrum to use to scale the directional spectrum and calculate wave parameters. Time Between Ensembles. This is the sample rate. For example, th of a second is 2Hz. Recommended Setting. Always Set the Time Between Ensembles to 50 1/100 th of a second to get a 2Hz sample rate. Velocity can process Sentinel V Waves 2 Hz data only. Window Type. The time series data is windowed before the FFT is performed. While this is a standard procedure in Fourier analysis, the type of window makes a difference in the results. The Bartlett window is good for keeping the power in the peak of the Pearson-Moscowitz wave power spectrum. The Blackman-Harris window is better for people who are interested in the high frequency end of the spectrum. No window is the same as a box car or square window of the FFT Length. This is equivalent to convolving the resulting spectrum with a sync function. The shorter the FFT Length the more spread or smeared the spectrum will be. Essentially, the end points of a finite time series cannot be reproduced without introducing high frequency harmonics. These higher frequency components are not representative of the content of the time series; they are representative of the envelope. A longer FFT has more data relative to the effects of the end points so it is less affected by this phenomenon. A Bartlett or triangular window attempts to weight the data in the middle more and the ends less. This reproduces the true spectrum more accurately than using no window. There are many window types however almost any window is substantially better than no window. Recommended Setting. Any kind of window is a substantial improvement over none for reducing end effects in a finite data set. Bartlet and Blackman-Harris windows are available. Page 59

68 P/N 95D (January 2017) Velocity Software User s Guide Dir Freq Bins. The number of output frequency bands for the directional spectrum can be selected independently from the number used for the non-directional spectrum. Recommended Setting. For example, 64 directional frequency bands and 256 non-directional frequency bands provides good frequency resolution for non-directional spectrum and plenty of band averaging for the directional spectrum. IMLM Iterations. The IMLM technique corrects MLM spectra for directional spreading caused by the MLM algorithm. It makes narrower more true to life directional spectra. The point of diminishing returns is about 3 IMLM iterations. Each iteration makes the processing take longer. Three iterations or more appears to produce a directional spectrum that converges with the data. That is to say, that 20 iterations yields a spectrum that is about the same as 3, yet three iterations is a huge improvement over the original MLM estimate (0 iterations). Recommended Setting. Choose one IMLM iterations for best results. Each iteration makes the processing take longer. One iteration appears to produce a directional spectrum that converges with the data. UVW Triplet processing. This feature allows the user to process their data using traditional triplet processing. This mode of operation is only recommended for data collected close to the transducer. It allows one to compare the results of array processing using IMLM, to traditional processing. Traditional methods are useful when the ADCP is mounted on a mooring or moving platform that may have significant heading changes during the burst interval. See save motion data switch. The MEM methods can be applied to UVW triplet data to narrow the directional spreading and reduce spurious wave energy at 180 degrees from the real wave direction. MEM (Lygre and Krogstad). The Maximum Entropy Method is a set of modeling assumptions that better constrains the problem of getting wave direction from triplet data. This technique tries to minimize information or variability in poorly measured regions. Typically this method produces narrower directional distributions than reality and reduces 180-degree side lobes produced by the Longett/Higgins method of UVW/PUV processing. Error Logging to WMErrLog.txt. This will create an error log text file that helps in troubleshooting Waves setup. This diagnostic tool outputs information about why waves data was screened and how often. Save Motion Data. This switch saves heading, pitch and roll data at the same 2 Hz sample rate as waves sampling. This allows one to correct triplet data, in the time domain, for platform motion. Moored instruments may have a significant amount of motion that is varying on a short time scale. Communication Timing. Real-Time data output is for WorkHorse Real-Time data collection (see Chapter 2 Real-Time WorkHorse Waves Data Collection). Down Facing Orientation. Not supported in Velocity version 1.7: Leave unchecked (default). Extrapolate Spectrum. Not supported in Velocity version 1.75: Leave checked (default). Infra Gravity Waves Setup. Not supported in Velocity version 1.7: Leave unchecked (default). Sea/Swell Period. Not supported in Velocity version 1.7: Leave at (default). Invalid Wave direction Start. Not supported in Velocity version 1.7: Leave at -1 (default). Invalid Wave direction Stop. Not supported in Velocity version 1.7: Leave at -1 (default). Page 60

69 Velocity Software User s Guide P/N 95D (January 2017) Expert 2 Tab Data Screening Minimum This is the minimum change in the time-series data. Time STD Threshold Velocity and surface time series are screened before being Fourier transformed. The primary screening is the wild point editor. It throws out and interpolates data points that are more than n standard deviations away from the mean. The Time STD Threshold default is set to four. Max Change This is the maximum change in the time-series data. Percent Good Threshold If the percent of good data in a burst is less than the threshold, WavesMon4 will not processing the burst. Max Ensemble Timing Deviation In the event that data communications is unreliable, the software will accept deviations in the time stamps for individual ensembles (for example, some data was lost). If large gaps (greater than 5 seconds) occur in the data, it will still reject the data as being discontinuous. This keeps the waves processing from averaging or FFTing data from two different time frames yet allows small glitches. Miscellaneous Number of Bursts to Process The software will process exactly this many bursts, than stop. This can be used to batch process data. Omega Cal. Reserved for future use. Page 61

70 P/N 95D (January 2017) Velocity Software User s Guide Save Surface Direction If surface track data is collected and text output files are chosen, the peak directions based on surface spectra are output to a file named SurfDirSpec.txt. The surface direction is used as a secondary directional reference for long mono-directional waves with good signal-to-noise. Save Images Saves the WavesMon4 screens (currents to the left, waves to the right) every time they are updated with new data, to PNG image files. This makes displaying of real-time data images on a web page or animation convenient. Correct for Currents Uses the mean currents to correct the wave spectra for the effects of currents. A Doppler shifted dispersion relation is used to calculate wave number k. This should be applied if the currents near the measurement exceed 0.75 m/s. Correct for Tilts. The tilts switch can partially correct for a badly tilted ADCP. This assumes that the tilt is fixed. If the pitch or roll is not greater than 10 degrees it is not recommended to turn this on. Advanced Processing Auto Remove Bias. This switch turns ON and OFF the automatic removal of rectification bias. The default is ON and the only reason to turn it OFF is if someone has collected data at less than 2Hz. Each of the techniques for measuring wave height spectra (pressure, surface-track, and velocity) has its own set of error sources and its own measurement noise. TRDI assumes that the measured time series is a superposition of the signal (waves) and the measurement noise and that the measurement noise is white. The Fourier transformation of white noise is white noise. This white noise has a zero mean distribution; however when we square the frequency spectrum to get power, the noise becomes always positive. This biases the power spectrum by adding a positive offset. To measure this bias the software calculates the mean of the power spectrum at frequencies too high for environmental wave energy. By finding the noise floor of the power spectrum, it can then be removed. This process is done for each of the independent height spectra calculations and is required in order to get good agreement among the three, because the bias has been subtracted from the overall spectrum. Clip Neg Values. Due to the waves processing WavesMon4 performs, it is possible to get Spectra with negative values. Check this box to export the data with these negative values clipped. Small Wave Screening Frequency: This allows the pressure sensor to improve the wave height spectrum at low frequencies. When the wave height is very small (<20cm), the signal to noise ratio at very long wave lengths is poor, for the orbital velocity based spectrum. Because long waves are felt deeply, the pressure sensor can be used to measure this region of the spectrum. When waves are very small, if one sees spurious peak period (Tp) showing very long periods, this switch will improve the spectrum and the robustness of Tp. Dir Waves Min (mm/sqrt(hz)). Screen all height data below the entered value. This option is useful when processing waves data from a horizontal system. Please note that in Velocity 1.5/WavesMon4 this value is in mm/sqrt(hz) as opposed to m/sqrt(hz) in WavesMon3.08. A value of 0.1 in WavesMon3.08 would be a in WavesMon4. Min SNR for Spectra. Not supported in Velocity 1.7: Leave at the default setting of 4. Simulation Select the Simulate Directional Spectrum box to simulate a directional spectrum. Make sure that a Forced Depth and Forced Heading are used (see Processing Tab). Page 62

71 Velocity Software User s Guide P/N 95D (January 2017) Processing the Data with WavesMon Once all the tabs have been set, click OK on any tab. The WavesMon4 processing screen will open and when processing is done, the Velocity screen will display the processed waves data. Click the button to begin processing the data. Do NOT use the File or Configure menu while processing self-contained waves data WavesMon4 is opened, started, and closed by Velocity. Page 63

72 P/N 95D (January 2017) Velocity Software User s Guide Viewing Processed Waves Data in Velocity To open the Time Series graph Properties Dialog, right-click on the Time Series graph. Select Waves and select the parameter to display. Table 2 describes the available Waves Time Series displays. Table 2. Waves Time Series Descriptions Parameter Unit Description Hs M Significant Wave Height Hs = 4 M 0 Tp S Peak period = Wave period associated with the largest peak in the power spectrum Tz S Mean Zero Crossing Period TT zz = MM 0 MM 2 T01 S Mean Wave Period = TT 01 = MM 0 MM 1 T-1 S Energy Period= TT iiiiii1 = MM 1 MM 0 Dp Deg Peak Direction = peak direction at the peak period. S0 Deg Directional Spreading SS0 = hiiiiiiiiii ii=llllllllllll A1 i 2 + B1 i2 ff Hs-Sea M Significant Wave Height in the sea region of the power spectrum. Hs-Swell M Significant Wave Height in the swell region of the power spectrum. Dp-Sea Deg Peak Sea Wave Direction - peak sea direction at the peak period in the sea region. Dp-Swell Deg Peak Swell Wave Period associated with the largest peak in the swell region of the power spectrum. Tp-Sea S Peak Sea Wave Period associated with the largest peak in the sea region of the power spectrum. Tp-Swell S Peak Swell Wave Period associated with the largest peak in the swell region of the power spectrum. H13 M Height Average of Top 1/3 Largest Waves from Zero Crossing Analysis H10 M Height Average of Top 1/10 Largest Waves from Zero Crossing Analysis H-1/10 (10% highest waves) = 1.27 * Hs Hmax M Height of Largest Wave from Zero Crossing Analysis Dmean Deg Mean Direction T13 S Period Average of Top 1/3 Largest Waves from Zero Crossing Analysis T10 S Period Average of Top 1/10 Largest Waves from Zero Crossing Analysis Tmax S Period of Largest Wave from Zero Crossing Analysis Page 64

73 Velocity Software User s Guide P/N 95D (January 2017) Viewing Processed Waves Data in WavesView WavesView is geared toward analysis and presentation of the processed wave record (*.wvs) created by Velocity. Use the View in WavesView button to load a wave record (*.wvs) file (see Viewing Previous Processed Waves Data Files). Use WavesView to zoom, average, and animate wave height spectra, and directional spectra. All of the displays can be saved to text files, saved as a bitmap or Portable Network Graphic (PNG), and printed. Figure 16. WavesView Display For more information about WavesView, see the WavesView User's Guide. Page 65

74 P/N 95D (January 2017) Velocity Software User s Guide Process Waves Data for Currents Only To process a Waves data file for currents only: 1. Click the Home button to open the menu. Click the Open menu. 2. Select a waves *.PD0 data file. Click the Currents Only button. The data file will be processed and displayed in Velocity only. Page 66

75 Velocity Software User s Guide P/N 95D (January 2017) C HAPTER 5 R EAL-TIME W ORKH ORSE WAVES D ATA C OLLECTION 5 Chapter REAL-TIME WORKHORSE WAVES DATA COLLECTION In this chapter, you will learn: WavesMon4 Overview Collecting Real-Time Data Page 67

76 P/N 95D (January 2017) Velocity Software User s Guide WavesMon4 Overview WavesMon4 is designed for real-time data collection and processing of current and wave data gathered by a WorkHorse ADCP. The displays are designed to make evaluation of the wave field and currents at a glance. WavesMon4 can also be used for processing wave data gathered by a Self-Contained ADCP (see Chapter 4 Processing Waves Data). WavesMon4 is opened, started, and closed by Velocity. WavesMon4 has two main modes of operation. Packets: Packet mode was designed to reduce the amount of data that had to be stored for Self-Contained deployments. It is also geared toward reducing data for telemetry. The result is an order of magnitude reduction in data. Dramatically less data allows longer deployments and easier telemetry. In packets mode, waves and current profiles are collected with independent sampling strategies. The current profile data is averaged, transformed, and output just like it would be if only currents were being collected. To reduce the amount of data that is produced by the waves sampling, only selected depth cells are preserved and output. Surface tracking is performed in the instrument reducing intensity profiles to a single value. The packets are kept small to aid in telemetry applications where bandwidth is small. Packet Mode is the default, and is set using the Auto Setup feature. Ensembles: In ensemble mode, the software expects raw, un-transformed ensembles. The advantage of this is that all of the raw data is available for reprocessing. The WorkHorse ADCP is setup to collect un-averaged (i.e. single-ping), beam coordinate data, in bursts using the TB and TC commands. Averaging and transforming profile data in the software constructs the averaged current profiles. In addition, in this mode, the software can be setup to process data with a moving window. As an example, this allows a 20-minute data window to be processed every five minutes. The disadvantage is that the amount of data to record or move is huge. Typically, raw data consists of something over 500 bytes per ensemble. With hourly sampling, this amounts to approximately 30 Mbytes per day. For cabled, monitoring applications where frequent data updates are important and power/memory are not an issue; ensemble mode with a moving average is the mode of choice. Ensemble Mode must be setup manually using the Advanced menus. The WorkHorse ADCP measures the subsurface orbital velocities created by the wave field. This raw data is averaged to create a mean current profile, and is accumulated into time series for waves processing. Each time series of data is called a burst. From this burst, velocity power spectra, directional spectra, and mean water levels are calculated. The software can collect and process the WorkHorse ADCP data in real-time from a COM port or playback and process data on file. WavesMon4 processes waves in the background so that data collection will not be interrupted. The primary output from the software is the waves record. The waves record is an extensible structure like an ADCP Ensemble. Each waves record can contain raw time series, processed data, and information about the data collection for a burst. The waves records are saved to a (*.wvs) file specified. Waves records are displayed by WavesView software. Page 68

77 Velocity Software User s Guide P/N 95D (January 2017) ADCP Requirements In order to use Waves, the WorkHorse ADCP must meet the following criteria: The WorkHorse ADCP must have a pressure gauge installed. The WorkHorse ADCP must have16.28 firmware or later. The WorkHorse ADCP must have the Waves feature installed. ADCP Mounting Requirements The ADCP must be mounted as follows: Bottom mounted. Upward facing. Within 5 degrees of vertical. TRDI recommends using a gimbaled bottom mount to achieve the best performance. Collecting Real-Time Data To collect real-time waves data from a WorkHorse ADCP: 1. Start Velocity. 2. Click the Waves menu. 3. On the File menu, click New Setup. At the Choose a realtime or playback setup dialog, choose Realtime. Click OK. 4. On the Save Setup As dialog, name the Setup file something meaningful. The output data files will be tied to the setup file name and path. Click Open. 5. On the Horizontal or Vertical dialog, select Vertical. Click OK. Page 69

78 P/N 95D (January 2017) Velocity Software User s Guide 6. On the ADCP Type and Location dialog, use the Choose Com button to enter the ADCP communication port settings. Click OK. Use the Test Now button to verify communications. 7. Select the System Frequency. Enter the water Depth, ADCP s Altitude or Height Above Bottom, and Magnetic Variation. Click Next. 8. On the Waves and Current Sampling dialog, set the following: Burst Duration WavesMon4 uses Time Between Start of Bursts to process data from an ADCP that was burst sampling. For example if an ADCP is collecting 20 minutes (2400 Page 70

79 Velocity Software User s Guide P/N 95D (January 2017) samples per burst) of data every hour on the hour, the time between bursts would be set to an hour. The ADCP time of first ping command would start the sampling on the next hour. Set the Time Between Bursts accurately or the software may treat good data as discontinuous. Set the burst duration exactly if continuously running. Recommended Setting. A recommended setup is 20 minutes of data every hour on the hour. Time Between Averaged Ensembles Select a Time Between Averaged Ensembles. When raw ADCP ensembles are collected at 2Hz, you can choose at processing time how many you want to average for the display of averaged current profile. Start Time Click Now to start pinging as soon as the commands are sent, or Later to delay pinging. To make data analysis easier, it is recommended to delay the start time until the hour mark by selecting Sync with the hour. 9. On the Setup Real-Time Operation screen, click the Advanced button. The WavesMon4 Advanced tabs allows you to change how the software operates. These changes are saved to the *.sst setup files when you click OK on the dialog box. For details on how to set each tab, see the following sections. Quick Tab Input Tab Output Tab Processing Tab ADCP Commands Tab Expert 1 Tab Expert 2 Tab 10. Select the View menu dialog (see Setting WavesMon4 s View Menu Options) and choose the way you would like to see the displays. Click OK. 11. Click the GO button ( ) on the WavesMon4 toolbar. If results are not what you expected, click STOP and edit the Configure menus, then try again. Page 71

80 P/N 95D (January 2017) Velocity Software User s Guide Setting WavesMon4 s View Menu Options The View menu allows you to tailor the displays to your needs. Unlike the other menus, the view menu can be changed while data collection is underway. The only item in the View menu that cannot be changed while running is the number of hours of history to display. Leaving the view menu dialog open for an extended time period will eventually block the data collection. Therefore, it is recommended that this dialog be closed (OK or Cancel) after changes have been made. Velocity Profile Figure 17. WavesMon4 View Options Dialog This section changes display parameters for the current profile portion of the display. Coordinate System. The coordinate system can be beam radial, ship, or earth. If beam radial data is selected the magnitude and direction displays will be invalid. The selection of beam coordinates in the profile display is intended for trouble shooting purposes only. Velocity Units. The velocity units can be displayed in knots, ft/s, and meters/s. Maximum Velocity Range. The default velocity scaling can be set here. At any time the velocity scale can be changed using the + and - buttons on the toolbar or the + - keys on the keyboard. The value set by this control is saved as the default so the next time the program is run it will begin with this scaling. Display All Bins. Under normal operation, the profile display clips at the surface. If you would like to see bins beyond the surface, select this check box and the display will show all of the bins collected. Waves Display This section changes display parameters for the waves displays. Significant Wave Height. This buttons allow you to choose significant wave height to be displayed in the wave history plot. SI Units. Selecting this check box displays wave data in meters. Otherwise, the units are feet. Based on this the wave height scale factor is chosen and displayed. The data is stored internally in mm. Page 72

81 Velocity Software User s Guide P/N 95D (January 2017) Wave Height Scale. If the SI Units button is selected, this changes the scale between meters and feet. Energy Scale. Reserved. Warning Level. The warning level sets the color scale on the wave height history plot. Whatever value is set here will be scaled to be warning red. For example, if a harbor authority decided that eight feet of significant wave height was dangerous and should catch the attention of the person monitoring the software then they would set the warning level to seven or eight. Wave History. If this is set to eight hours the wave history plot will display the last eight hours of significant wave height data. The plot will grow progressively from the left until eight hours is collected. The display will automatically wrap after this time, always giving the most recent eight hours of data. The display shows the data in time regardless of the number of bursts that are contained in an hour. This plot is reset if the data collection is stopped. Min/Max. Period. The minimum and maximum period that are displayed by the directional spectra plot are set by these controls. Invert Frequency Axis. The frequency period axis can be inverted for the directional spectra polar plot if this is your preference. The standard way places long wave lengths on the inside of the polar plot. Selecting Inverted places long wave lengths on the outside. Quick Tab The Quick Setup tab is similar to the playback version. It includes the Set Com and Test Now buttons to verify communications with the ADCP. Page 73

82 P/N 95D (January 2017) Velocity Software User s Guide Input Tab 1. Click the Change button to select a Com port and Baud rate. Choose Test Now to verify your settings. The software will warn you if the setup you have chosen is not possible at the selected Baud rate. 2. To use Packet data (i.e. WorkHorse H commands) check the Packet Collection Mode box to turn this option on. For information on the H commands, see the WorkHorse Commands and Output Data Format Guide. 3. The Polled Mode configures WavesMon4 to listen to the COM port only. While in the Polled Mode, data will continue to be collected. However, the user will not be able to send commands to the ADCP. This mode has proven to be a valuable resource for some telemetry applications. 4. The box next to the Modem Break Sequencing Label allows the user to configure WavesMon4 for varying Break Timeouts. This setting will prevent WavesMon4 from timing out due to a slow telemetry links to the ADCP. The command and break timeouts can be set larger than the defaults if someone is communicating through a slow telemetry link to the ADCP. Page 74

83 Velocity Software User s Guide P/N 95D (January 2017) Output Tab The Output tab is the same as the playback version. Processing Tab The Processing tab is the same as the playback version. Page 75

84 P/N 95D (January 2017) Velocity Software User s Guide ADCP Commands Tab Figure 18. Setup Real-Time (Advanced) ADCP Commands Tab This tab shows the Software Generated Commands in the grayed window to the left generated by WavesMon4 based on the choices made in the other dialogs. The User Over Ride Commands allows entering an ADCP command file or to over-ride a program set command. The commands entered in the User Over Ride Commands area will be sent to the instrument last so any commands that are selected will override the default commands generated by WavesMon4. Edit if necessary and click OK. Example: You are collecting data in Real Time (cabled) but you would like to also save data to the ADCP s internal recorder. The default CF command for real time does not enable the recorder. Enter CF11111 in the User Over Ride Commands window to enable both the serial port and the internal recorder. Commands preceded by a semicolon are ignored as comments. For information on WorkHorse commands, see the WorkHorse Commands and Output Data Format Guide. Page 76

85 Velocity Software User s Guide P/N 95D (January 2017) Expert 1 Tab The Expert 1 tab is the same as the playback version. Communication Timing. When communicating with the ADCP in real-time the default Break Wakeup Timeout and Communications Timeout is set to two seconds. This assumes a cabled connection between the PC and ADCP. If telemetry is being used, larger delays may be required for normal operation. Page 77

86 P/N 95D (January 2017) Velocity Software User s Guide Expert 2 Tab The Expert 2 tab is the same as the playback version. Page 78

87 Velocity Software User s Guide P/N 95D (January 2017) C HAPTER 6 - A VAILABLE GRAPHS AVAILABLE GRAPHS 6 Chapter In this chapter, you will learn: How to change the layout How to change graph options What graphs are available in Velocity Viewing Vertical Beam Data Page 79

88 P/N 95D (January 2017) Velocity Software User s Guide Changing the Display Layout Click the Layout icon on the upper right corner of the screen or use the View menu to display the available layouts. As you click a layout icon, the graphs will change. Changing the layout effects all open sessions. Velocity can use the following graphs: Tabular Display, Contour Graphs, Profile Graph, Time Series Graph, 3D Surface View, and 3D Profile Graph. Figure 19. Layouts Graph Properties To open the Graph Properties dialog, right-click on a graph. The following is a list of all graph properties. Note that some properties do not apply to all graphs. To return all graph properties to the default values, see Options. Table 3. 2d Chart Options Graph Properties Description 3D Chart Options X-Axis or Z-Axis - Used to select one of the data types for display. Auto scale Check the Automatic box or select the minimum and maximum values for the scale. Legend position Selects where to place the graph legend. Choose from one of the icons that represent Top Right, Top Left, Bottom Right, Bottom Left, or None legend position. Axes Selects whether the axes is displayed on Both sides of the graph, only the Left or Right side, or select None to turn off the Axes. Show profile marker - Turns on/off the blue line profile marker. Show boundary Adds a line marking the water surface or bottom surface. Show gridlines - Turns on/off the grid that overlays both color contour graphs. Auto Camera keeps the display centered and as large as possible when the selected set (zoom) is changed. Exaggeration Sets the height of the projection lines or the length of the arrows. Orthographic Sets all the projection lines orthogonal to the projection plane, resulting in every plane of the scene appearing in affine transformation on the viewing surface. Arrow shape Sets the 3D Profile Graph shape of the arrows. Show compass Turns On/Off the compass for the 3D Profile Graph. Uniform shadow Check to set the shadows on the 3D Profile Graph so they are a constant length or uncheck so that the shadow length is in proportion to the arrows. Reset view - Resets the view to the default setting. Line color Choose a line color from the list. Line thickness Sets the line thickness in points. The default is 2. Save image Click the icon to save the graph as an image. Page 80

89 Velocity Software User s Guide P/N 95D (January 2017) Tabular Display The Tabular Display shows information about the system, compass, and sensors. Figure 20. Tabular Display The Tabular Display option dialog has controls for changing what data is displayed: right-click on the graph to open the Properties Dialog. Select the items to be displayed by checking the box. Figure 21. Tabular Display Properties Dialog Page 81

90 P/N 95D (January 2017) Velocity Software User s Guide Contour Graphs The Contour Graph depicts contours of a parameter, such as velocity, water speed, water direction, correlation, intensity, percent good, and the vertical beam correlation, intensity, velocity, and percent good. Figure 22. Contour Graphs The Contour option dialog has controls for changing the Overview Contour and Contour graphs: rightclick on the graph to open the Properties Dialog. Figure 23. Contour Graph Properties Dialog Page 82

91 Velocity Software User s Guide P/N 95D (January 2017) Profile Graph A profile graph is a line graph of a selected parameter versus depth. The user can select what profile to display by dragging the blue Profile Marker. The Profile Marker is located in the center of the Overview Contour and Contour graphs when a data file is first opened. When the mouse cursor is over the Profile Marker, it will change to a hand icon and a double arrow when clicked. Drag the marker to the desired profile. The left and right arrow keys can also be used to move the Profile Marker. Figure 24. Profile Graph Figure 25. Moving the Profile Marker The Profile option dialog has controls for changing the Profile graphs: right-click on the graph to open the Properties Dialog. Figure 26. Profile Graph Properties Dialog Page 83

92 P/N 95D (January 2017) Velocity Software User s Guide Time Series Graph Time series graphs shows data versus time. Figure 27. Time Series Graphs The Sensor depth can be set to use either the pressure sensor or intensity (from a combination of vertical and/ or Janus beams). In the above figure, the Sensor depth has been set to use Pressure and therefore will mirror the Pressure depth. Right-click on the Time Series graph to open the Time Series graph Properties Dialog. Figure 28. Time Series Graph Properties Dialog Page 84

93 Velocity Software User s Guide P/N 95D (January 2017) Available Time Series Data Profile Compass Sensors Mean Speed Mean Direction Pitch Roll Heading Temperature Reading from the temperature sensor. Pressure depth Total depth of water from the surface to seabed, as measured by the pressure sensor. See ADCP Orientation and Sensor Position for details on depth calculations. Pressure Reading from the pressure sensor in kpa. Speed of sound Calculated Speed of Sound from temperature, pressure, and salinity. Salinity Fixed value entered from ReadyV. Voltage Battery voltage. Orientation Up or Down. Sensor depth Sensor depth is the distance from the water s surface down to the sensor. The Sensor depth can be set to use either the pressure sensor or intensity (from a combination of vertical and/ or Janus beams). To switch between pressure and intensity, use the Basic Processing screen, and select Range (pressure) or Range (intensity). If the Sensor depth has been set to use Pressure, it will mirror the Pressure depth. Range (intensity) Range (pressure) Bottom Track Range Speed Direction Average depth Page 85

94 P/N 95D (January 2017) Velocity Software User s Guide Boundary Range The Range can be set to use either the pressure sensor or intensity (from a combination of vertical and/ or Janus beams). To switch between pressure and intensity, use the Basic Processing screen, and select Range (pressure) or Range (intensity). If the range has been set to use pressure, it will mirror the water depth. Sensor position See ADCP Orientation and Sensor Position for details on sensor position. Water depth The calculated depth from the water surface to the bottom based on Sensor Position and Range. A down-looking deployment is opposite from Range. Quality Built-in test 0 = no faults Waves For information about the Waves time series, see Viewing Processed Waves Data in Velocity Page 86

95 Velocity Software User s Guide P/N 95D (January 2017) 3D Surface View The 3D Surface View graph shows a contour plot as a three-dimensional object. Use the left mouse button to tilt the graph Use the mouse wheel to zoom Click the center mouse button to reset the view Figure 29. 3D View The 3D View option dialog has controls for changing the 3D View graphs: Right-click on the graph to open the Properties Dialog. Figure 30. 3D View Properties Dialog Page 87

96 P/N 95D (January 2017) Velocity Software User s Guide 3D Profile Graph The 3D Profile graph shows the flow as lines on a compass. The length and direction of the arrows always reflects the velocity magnitude and direction. The arrow color reflects what parameter is selected. The shadows show a directional histogram. Use the left mouse button to rotate the compass Use the mouse wheel to tilt the compass Move the Profile Marker to select the profile to display Figure 31. 3D Profile Graph The 3D Profile graph option dialog has controls for changing the 3D Profile graph: right-click on the graph to open the Properties Dialog. Figure 32. 3D Profile Graph Properties Dialog Page 88

97 Velocity Software User s Guide P/N 95D (January 2017) Viewing Vertical Beam Data Vertical Beam data can be displayed by right-clicking on the graph and selecting Vertical Beam. Choose between Vertical correlation, Vertical intensity, Vertical velocity or Vertical percent good. If the data file does not contain vertical beam data, the following message box appears. Click OK to return to the display. Figure 33. Vertical Beam Data Page 89

98 P/N 95D (January 2017) Velocity Software User s Guide NOTES Page 90

99 Velocity Software User s Guide P/N 95D (January 2017) C HAPTER 7 V ELOCITY T OOLS 7 Chapter VELOCITY TOOLS In this chapter, you will learn: How to use Velocity Tools Splitting PD0 files Checking PD0 files Checking PDV files Page 91

100 P/N 95D (January 2017) Velocity Software User s Guide Using Velocity Tools Velocity Tools is a standalone application used to quickly evaluate the overall file integrity and split PD0 data by profile group. To start Velocity Tools, do one of the following: Click the Tools menu in Velocity. Click the Windows Start menu, Teledyne RD Instruments, Velocity, Velocity Tools. If Velocity Tools is already open, the application is brought into focus. When Velocity is closed, it will also close Velocity Tools. To exit Velocity Tools, do one of the following: Click the Exit button. Click red X in the upper right corner. Figure 34. Velocity Tools Splitting PD0 Files To split a PD0 data file containing two water profiles collected with a Sentinel V: 1. Start Velocity Tools. 2. Click the Split Sentinel-V PD0 file button. 3. On the Open File dialog, select a file by clicking on the name or select multiple files by holding down the Control key and clicking on the names. Click the Open button to begin splitting the file. If the *.PD0 file contains two water profiles, Split Sentinel-V PD0 file creates a file for each water profile named filename.ping-1.pd0 and filename.ping-2.pd0. Page 92

101 Velocity Software User s Guide P/N 95D (January 2017) If the *.PD0 file only contained one water profile, Split Sentinel-V PD0 file creates a file named filename.ping-1.pd0. 4. For large data files, a progress bar will display. If you try to close Velocity Tools while Split Sentinel-V PD0 file is in progress, the application will prompt if you want to exit. Checking PD0 Files To check the integrity of a PD0 file and generate an ASCII report file. 1. Start Velocity Tools. 2. Click the Check PD0 data file button. 3. On the Open File dialog, select a file by clicking on the name. Click the Open button to begin checking the file. Velocity Tools will name the ASCII report filename.log (where filename is the PD0 file name without the extension). The ASCII report is saved to the same folder as the PD0 data file. If the file name already exists, you will be prompted if you want to overwrite the file. If the Output date/time box is checked, the date and time for each ping is included in the ASCII report. 4. Click Yes to view the report file or use the View report button once the check is complete. The following error conditions will be reported: Timing error BIT error Orientation changes Missing ensembles Example of a report file without time stamps: FILE C:\Data\Scripps-Deployment-Sept 12\ScrippsSept T PD0 SUMMARY File size kb Record size bytes Time of deployment 09/12/ :30:01.00 First record number 1 First record time 09/12/ :30:01.00 Last record number Last record time 09/18/ :10:07.50 Total records Missing records 0 Bad BIT records Firmware version Frequency 983 khz Ping ID Number of cells 67 Cell size 0.30 m Page 93

102 P/N 95D (January 2017) Velocity Software User s Guide Blank 0.40 m Number of pings 2100 Ping offset 0.00 s Ping interval 0.50 s Vertical beam data Yes Total # of pings Expected pings Missing pings 301 Ping ID Number of cells 67 Cell size 0.30 m Blank 0.40 m Number of pings 60 Ping offset 1, s Ping interval 2.00 s Vertical beam data Yes Total # of pings Expected pings Missing pings Data Types Detected Id Name Size 0000 Fixed Leader Variable Leader Velocity Correlation Intensity 270 0F01 VB Leader 40 0A00 Beam 5 Velocity 136 0B00 Beam 5 Correlation 69 0C00 Beam 5 Intensity SentinelV System Info SentinelV Ping Setup SentinelV ADCP Data Transform. Matrix SentinelV Features 176 Page 94

103 Velocity Software User s Guide P/N 95D (January 2017) Export PD0 to CSV To export a PD0 data file as CSV: 1. Start Velocity Tools. 2. Click the Export PD0 data file button. 3. Click the Open button to select a file to be exported. Click Open. 4. Select how many Ensembles to export per file by checking the Unlimited box or uncheck the box and enter a number of ensembles. 5. Select the items to be included in the exported data: Export headers Adds a header to the file. Export sensor data Adds temperature, pressure, depth, heading, pitch, and roll data. Export velocities Adds velocity data for each depth cell. 6. Click OK to export the file. Velocity Tools will name the exported file as filename_export.csv (where filename is the PD0 file name without the extension). The file is saved to the same folder as the PD0 data file. 7. Click OK once the export is complete. Example exported data with header and sensor data. Ens# YYYY-MM-DD HH:MM:SS.HS Temp(C) Pres(kPa) Depth(M) Heading Pitch Roll :09: :39: :09: :39: :09: :39: Page 95

104 P/N 95D (January 2017) Velocity Software User s Guide The header C58B1C refers to Bin 58, Beam one correlation counts. C58B1I refers to Bin 58, Beam 1 intensity counts. C58B3V is Bin 58, Beam 3, velocity in mm/s, with a bad value of used as a marker. C58B1C C58B1I C58B2V C58B2C C58B2I C58B3V C58B3C C58B3I C58B4V Page 96

105 Velocity Software User s Guide P/N 95D (January 2017) C HAPTER 8 - PROCESSING D ATA FILES PROCESSING DATA FILES 8 Chapter In this chapter, you will learn: How to open and use the Basic Processing dialog How to average data How to use the Advanced Processing dialog How to use the History dialog Page 97

106 P/N 95D (January 2017) Velocity Software User s Guide Opening the Processing Dialog Click the Action button on the upper right corner of the screen to display the Processing dialog. To exit this dialog, click outside of the Processing dialog. At the top of the processing dialog are three tabs: Basic This opens the basic processing dialog. Advanced This opens the advanced processing dialog. History This opens the history dialog. At the bottom of the processing dialog are eight buttons: Apply Applies the change to the data file. When Velocity is closed, the setting(s) will be saved to the corresponding project file (*.pjv). Apply to All Applies the change to all open data files. When Velocity is closed, the setting(s) will be saved to corresponding project file (*.pjv). Restore Defaults Restores all settings to the application default. Cancel Cancels the last change. Undo / Redo When a change is applied, use the Undo and Redo buttons to return to the previous settings. If the last operation was Apply to All, the Undo button reverses the operation only for the current file instead for all the files. After using the Undo button that changed the current file, use the Apply to All button to apply the change to all open files. Import Setting To import processing parameters, click the Import Setting button. On the Open dialog, select the processing parameters file (*.settings). Click the Open button. Only one *.settings file can be imported per session. After importing a *.settings file, the Import Setting button is disabled. To import a different *.settings file, the file must be closed and then reopened. Export Settings Click the Export Settings button to save the processing parameters (*.settings) to the computer. On the Save As dialog, name the file (*.settings). Click the Save button. Page 98

107 Velocity Software User s Guide P/N 95D (January 2017) Using the Basic Processing Dialog The basic Processing dialog allows the selection of a transformation type, magnetic variation, velocity reference and how the end of the water profile is determined. You can use this dialog to average data. Figure 35. Basic Processing Dialog Basic Processing Dialog Controls Transformation There are four different coordinate systems that can be used for ensemble averaging: beam, instrument, ship and earth. The default coordinate system is Earth. The Velocity software transforms the raw data to earth s coordinates before displaying it. This transformation does not change the contents of the original raw data file. If the data were collected in another coordinate system, you can view them after opening the file. Beam Radial beam coordinates, 1, 2, 3, 4. Ship Starboard, Forward, Up, and Error vectors relative to the ship. XYZ X, Y, Z, and Error vectors relative to the ADCP. Earth East, North, Up, and Error vectors relative to Earth. Magnetic variation The compass default is to output magnetic heading. To correct velocity with true heading, enter the Magnetic variation. Magnetic variation is the angle between true north and magnetic north, where a positive value means true north is east of magnetic north. As such, declination depends on geographic location. It also changes very slowly over time. For the greatest accuracy, TRDI recommends checking the National Geophysical Data Center website (link below) to find the declination angle based on your latitude and longitude: Cell mapping TRDI outputs the cell 1 position for a level system only. We do not adjust the cell 1 position, or the cell sizes, for any tilt. Cell mapping attempts to combine data from sections of the beams that are at the same depth in the water, and does not make any attempt to calculate how that depth might change for a tilted system. Reference Choose the reference to use: ADCP No velocity reference used. Bottom Track Use Bottom Track as the reference. GGA Use GGA as the reference. VTG Use VTG as the reference. Page 99

108 P/N 95D (January 2017) Velocity Software User s Guide Range to boundary / End of profile Select how Velocity detects the end of the profile. None All of the data is displayed. Range (BT) Cut off the profile at the Bottom Track depth. Range (Pressure) Cut off the profile at the pressure sensor depth. Range (Intensity) Cut off the profile where the RSSI bump is detected. Remove side-lobe interference When the ADCP sends out an acoustic pulse, a small amount of energy is transmitted in side lobes rather than in the direction of the ADCP beam. Side lobe reflection from the bottom can interfere with the water echoes. This gives erroneous velocities for the water near the bottom. Select Range (Pressure) or Range (Intensity) and check this box to not use data in the region that may be affected. You then also have the option to remove an extra one or two cells. Height above bottom If the file contains wave data, enter the height above the bottom. Averaging Data To average a data file over time: 1. Click the Action button on the upper right corner of the screen to display the Standard Processing dialog. 2. Check the Average Data box. 3. Select an averaging interval and click Apply. Default Average off Average = 60 Minutes Page 100

109 Velocity Software User s Guide P/N 95D (January 2017) Using the Advanced Processing Dialog Click the Action button on the upper right corner of the screen to display the Processing dialog. The Standard processing window opens by default. Clicking the Advanced tab will change to the Advanced Processing dialog. To exit this dialog, click outside of the Processing dialog. The Data Processing Chains determine how the Velocity software processes the raw data. Most of the data processing parameters are required to calculate the water velocity. The order of the data processing parameters can t be changed. For example, temperature, salinity and depth are needed to calculate Speed of sound and Speed of sound is needed to calculate Velocity. The order of the data processing chains for each parameter can be changed by adding/deleting items or moving an item up/down. For example, on the Velocity chain, Fish screening can be moved up, down, or deleted as needed. Click the icon to add items to the chain. All of the Data Processing Chains are required to calculate speed. The order of the Data Processing Chains can t be changed. The order of the items inside the Data Processing Chain can be changed by adding/deleting items or moving an item up/down. Figure 36. Processing Dialog Advanced Page 101

110 P/N 95D (January 2017) Velocity Software User s Guide Changing Data Processing Chains Options The following processing links can be added to the chain using the icon: Fixed Value Check the box and enter a fixed value. All the parameter values will be set to this fixed value. Despike Check the box and enter a Despike Factor (default is 3). All the data values outside three standard deviations will be marked bad. Interpolate Interpolation provides a means of estimating the value at intermediate points. A simple linear interpolation is used. Interpolate heading Interpolation link for heading. Maximum value Check the box and enter a maximum value threshold. All the values above this threshold will be marked invalid. Minimum value Check the box and enter a minimum value threshold. All the parameter values below this threshold will be marked invalid. Offset Check the box and enter an offset value. The offset will be added to all the parameter values. Figure 37. Error Message Applying a value outside of the limits will display a red box around the value. When the cursor is over the box, an error message tells you what values are valid. Changing Speed of Sound Options In addition to the above chains, speed of sound also has the following options: Deployment - use the value from the data file. No correction is applied. Recalculate Speed of Sound will be recalculated from the temperature, depth and salinity values. User Enter a user value. The default is 1500 m/s. Velocity will be corrected for the speed of sound if Correct with speed of sound link is checked for the Velocity parameter. Page 102

111 Velocity Software User s Guide P/N 95D (January 2017) Changing Velocity Options Beam Velocity (non-averaged data that is in beam coordinates): Screening with intensity Screens velocity data with Intensity. If intensity is below entered threshold velocity will be marked invalid. Screening with correlation Screens velocity data with Correlation. If correlation is below entered threshold velocity will be marked invalid. Fish screening Use this parameter to screen data for false targets (usually fish). If the threshold value is exceeded, the velocity data is rejected on a cell-by-cell basis for either the affected beam (fish detected in only one beam) or for the affected cell in all four beams (fish detected in more than one beam). Enter a value of 255 to turn off the Fish screening or uncheck the box. Velocity (averaged data): Transformation see the Standard processing dialog Transformation. Correct with speed of sound Check the box to correct velocity data with speed of sound. Screen 3-beam solution Check the box to allow 3-beam solutions. If one of the velocity beams is invalid the 3-beam solution algorithm will approximate the invalid value. Error velocity in this situation will be marked invalid. Error velocity screening Use this parameter to set a threshold value used to flag watercurrent data as good or bad. If the error velocity value exceeds this threshold, Velocity flags data as invalid for a given depth cell. Up velocity screening Use this parameter to set a threshold value used to flag water-current data as good or bad. If the upward velocity value exceeds this threshold, Velocity flags data as invalid for a given depth cell. End of profile see the Standard processing dialog End of profile. Reference see the Standard processing dialog Reference. Page 103

112 P/N 95D (January 2017) Velocity Software User s Guide Vertical Velocity: Screening with intensity Screens velocity data with Intensity. If intensity is below entered threshold velocity will be marked invalid. Screening with correlation Screens velocity data with Correlation. If correlation is below entered threshold velocity will be marked invalid. End of profile see the Standard processing dialog End of profile. Correct with speed of sound Check the box to correct velocity data with speed of sound. Page 104

113 Velocity Software User s Guide P/N 95D (January 2017) Statistics At the top of each Advanced Processing screen is statistics for the Min/Max and Mean/Standard Deviation values for that processing chain. Use this information to help set processing parameters. Figure 38. Advanced Processing Screen Statistics Page 105

114 P/N 95D (January 2017) Velocity Software User s Guide Using the History Processing Dialog Click the Action button on the upper right corner of the screen to display the Processing dialog. The Standard processing window opens by default. Clicking the History tab will change to the History Processing dialog. To exit this dialog, click outside of the Processing dialog. The Default Values tab shows items that have been changed from the default value. The Audit Trail tab lists the changes made to the processing parameters. Click the Copy to Clipboard button to save the list. Audit Trail: Apply-6/4/2012 9:37:05 AM Change From Parameter Sensor position Attribute SensorPosition_Source Value 1 Change To Parameter Sensor position Attribute SensorPosition_Source Value 0 Change From Parameter Fish screening Attribute FishScreening_Threshold Value 255 Change To Parameter Fish screening Attribute FishScreening_Threshold Value 85 Apply-6/4/2012 9:48:13 AM Change From Parameter Fish screening Attribute FishScreening_Threshold Value 85 Change To Parameter Fish screening Attribute FishScreening_Threshold Value 125 The Latest Change tab shows just the last changes made to the processing parameters. Apply-6/4/2012 9:48:13 AM Change From Parameter Fish screening Attribute FishScreening_Threshold Value 85 Change To Parameter Fish screening Attribute FishScreening_Threshold Value 125 Figure 39. Processing Dialog History Page 106

115 Velocity Software User s Guide P/N 95D (January 2017) ADCP Orientation and Sensor Position Velocity uses several sources to calculate the range-to-surface for the water (or, equivalently, the overall water depth): Sensors Pressure Depth (total depth of water from surface to seabed, as measured by the pressure sensor) Sensors Sensor Depth / Range (distance from the water s surface down to the sensor) Boundary Range (range to surface) Boundary Water Depth (total water depth) Use the following sections to set the sensor position processing chain. Figure 40. Sensor Position Processing Chain Page 107

116 P/N 95D (January 2017) Velocity Software User s Guide Up-looking Deployments Bottom or buoy mounted ADCP. Set the Sensor position to the user specified Height above bottom (distance from the face of the transducer to the bottom). In this example, the Sensor position was set to 0.20 m. Set the End of profile to Range (intensity), Range (pressure), Range (vertical beam), or Fixed on the Processing Screen. In this example, the End of profile is set to Pressure. The Water Depth = Range + Sensor position ( = 13.09) Page 108

117 Velocity Software User s Guide P/N 95D (January 2017) Down-looking Deployments Bottom mounted ADCP without Bottom Track. Set the Sensor position to the user specified Fixed value (distance from the face of the transducer face to the bottom) or Pressure. In this example, the Sensor position was set to Pressure (therefore the Sensor position and Pressure depth are the same). Set the End of profile to Range (intensity) or Fixed on the Processing Screen. In this example, the End of profile is set to Range (intensity). The Water Depth = Range + Sensor position ( = ) Page 109

118 P/N 95D (January 2017) Velocity Software User s Guide Vessel or Buoy Mounted with Bottom Track Set the Sensor position to use a Fixed value (the distance from the face of the transducer to the surface) or Pressure sensor. In this example, the Sensor position was set to a fixed value of 0.10 m. Although the Sensor position and Pressure sensor are the same distance below the surface, setting a fixed value may be more accurate at shallow settings. Set the End of profile to Range (BT), Range (intensity), Range (vertical beam), or Fixed. In this example, the End of profile is set to Range (BT). The Water Depth = Range + Sensor position ( = 2.88) Page 110

119 Velocity Software User s Guide P/N 95D (January 2017) C HAPTER 9 F REQUENTLY ASKED QUESTIONS FREQUENTLY ASKED QUESTIONS 9 Chapter In this chapter, you will learn: Frequently Asked Questions Page 111

120 P/N 95D (January 2017) Velocity Software User s Guide Q: Why does applying/importing settings result in the application reporting an error? This does not apply to Velocity 1.3 or higher. A: Send a print screen of the error and the application log files to TRDI Field Service. The application log files are located under the following folder: C:\Users\<username>\AppData\Roaming\Teledyne RD Instruments\Velocity\ErrorLogs (For Windows 7 and Vista) C:\Documents and Settings\<username>\Application Data\ Teledyne RD Instruments\Velocity\ErrorLogs (For Windows XP and earlier) This is also the standard operational procedure for dealing with errors reported by Velocity 1.1 Importing a *.settings file created from a data file from a different instrument could result in the above error. It is advised that users maintain instrument specific *.settings files. The phone number mentioned in the error message is incorrect. The correct phone number for contacting TDI Field Service directly is +1- (858) Q: Opening a PD0 file results in the following message? This does not apply to Velocity 1.3 or higher. A: This error occurs when the user is attempting to open a *.PD0 file in Velocity 1.1 that was previously opened in Velocity 1.0. Close Velocity and delete the *.pjv and *.pdv files that correspond to the PD0 file. Restart Velocity and open the file. Page 112

121 Velocity Software User s Guide P/N 95D (January 2017) Q: Why did Velocity delete my processing settings without warning when I opened a PDV file? A: If a *.PDV file was opened in Velocity 1.0, then opening that same file in Velocity 1.1 will automatically purge the *.PJV files. Therefore, all processing settings specific to a file opened in the previous version of Velocity (i.e. version 1.0) will not be retained. Q: I changed the order of the processing links within one parameter. Why isn t the Audit History updating? A: The Audit Trail does not show the order of changes within processing links: Example: The user applies these process settings: The Audit trail reflects that the above settings were applied: The user changes the order the data is interpolated. Data is now interpolated only with a maximum value applied and the minimum is screened out after interpolation. The user also changes the minimum value. The Audit Trail does not reflect the change in order for Interpolation. It does reflect the change to the minimum value. Page 113

122 P/N 95D (January 2017) Velocity Software User s Guide Q: Why does the Audit Trail not list the changes made per apply in the same order as the parameters are listed in the Advanced Settings? A: The Audit Trail displays each Apply in chronological order, but the changes made within one Apply are not displayed in a specific order. Example: The order parameter changes are listed in this Apply is: Correlation Pitch Water Speed Bottom Track Velocity This is not the order they are listed in the advanced process settings, and this is not the order in which changes to these settings will always be listed. Q: Why is the Audit trail listing parameters by different names? A: The Audit trail does not always reference a parameter with the same name used in the Advanced/Basic settings. The following are some known naming convention discrepancies (this is not an exhaustive list): Audit trail Parameter Water Speed Water Direction BT Velocity --> Rotate Velocity Angle Sensor position source Sensor position source --> fixed value Range Advanced/Basic Settings Velocity: Magnitude Attribute Velocity: Direction Attribute BTVelocity Attribute angle Sensor position attribute ManualPosition detect end of profile Page 114

123 Velocity Software User s Guide P/N 95D (January 2017) Q: Why is the information displayed on the tabular view not matching up with the contour graph? A: With certain files, especially large files, the graphical display of the data does not always show every single data point. However, when the data is exported to ASCII, Matlab, or PD0, all data points are exported. The limitations of the graph have no effect on the data, only on the display. The image below is an example of the tabular view and the data point not matching up. Look at the time stamp on the data point, and compare to the sample time in tabular view. The graph is off by 3 seconds. Q: Why does my data file show that no data is available? A: Data may not match the default process settings or is not valid data. On the Advanced tab of the Processing screen, Velocity, uncheck the Screening with intensity, Screening with correlation, and Fish screening boxes. Click the Apply button. See Tutorial Correcting No Data Available for more solutions. Q: Why does my vertical beam velocity look different from the slant beam data? A: The vertical beam data looks different because: Vertical beam data will be a bit noisier than the (beam-wise) Janus beam data because it doesn t have as many samples per bin. This is a small effect - the vertical beam gets about 10% fewer samples per bin versus the Janus beam. The vertical beam velocity will look noisier than the Z velocity because the vertical beam velocity is based on a single beam, while the Z velocity is generated by averaging together the four Janus beams (the averaging reduces noise). The vertical beam velocity will show details that are not visible in the Z velocity. This is because the Z velocity is generated by averaging together four individual measurements that are separated because of how the four beams spread out. Therefore, velocities that are localized (a great example is the orbital velocities of waves) will get attenuated by this process. The vertical beam doesn t have this attenuation. The vertical beam can profile farther than the Janus beams. This is because the Janus beams need a sidelobe cutoff since their sidelobe energy reaches the water s surface (or bottom) before the main lobe of energy has profiled the full water column. With the vertical beam, the main lobe reaches the surface (or bottom) first, so the sidelobe cutoff region isn t needed. Page 115