Simulation analysis of turbine blade in 3D printing aquarium

Transcription

1 Smulaton analyss of turbne blade n 3D prntng aquarum Dy-Cheng Chen 1,*, Bo-Yan La 2, and Fu-Yuan Gao 3 1 Department of Industral Educaton and Technology, Natonal Changhua Unversty of Educaton, Changhua 500, Tawan 2 Department of Industral Educaton and Technology, Natonal Changhua Unversty of Educaton, Changhua 500, Tawan 3 Department of Industral Educaton and Technology, Natonal Changhua Unversty of Educaton, Changhua 500, Tawan Abstract. 3D prntng of the flexblty s the most admrable place, no matter when or where, as long as the machne can make the abstract desgn of fnshed products or dffcult to process the fnshed product prnted out as a sample. And n the product desgn, through the 3D prnt out the entty, to more specfc observaton of the advantages and dsadvantages of fnshed products, whch shorten the tme of many creatve research and development, but also relatvely reduce the defectve factors. As n recent years, 3D prntng technology s progressng, materal adheson, precson and parts of the degree of cooperaton has ncreased, coupled wth many parts takng nto account the cost, producton and other ssues, and then let a lot of lght load small parts or specal parts choose to use 3D to prnt the fnshed product to replace. Ths study focuses on the plastc turbne blades that drve water n the aquarum, but the 3D prntng s done by stackng. However, the general stress analyss software can set the materal to analyze the deformaton results of the force, nor the 3D to analyze the software. Therefore, ths study frst analyzes the deformaton of turbne blade by software, and then verfes the stuaton of 3D prntng turbne blade, and then compares the actual results of software analyss and 3D prntng. The results can provde the future of 3D product consder the strength factor. The study found that the spral blade desgn allows the force ponts to be dspersed to avod hard focus. 1 Introducton In recent years, n the lterature related research, Yuen [1] proposed a modellng method based on tectoncs for the characterstcs of blade desgn teraton, such as leaf desgn parameters, FDM producton procedures, and to explore ts use of PLA plastc materal strength trends. Lee et al [2] fabrcated helcal vanes wth lamnated manufacturng technques to explore ther desgn parameters, such as leaf length, number of leaves, leaf turns, ptch heght and other condtons, for the mxng effcency of vscous lquds, to understand the feasblty of the lamnated manufacturng technology spral blades. Because of ts smulaton analyss software can set the materal, set the pressure to smulate the materal subected to stress and stran results, because 3D prntng s stacked, and when the stress s concentrated and parallel wth the materal stackng drecton, even f the materal strength. It s easy to break from the materal stack. Therefore, ths study wll explore the use of the water tank n the 3D prntng turbne blade ts thckness to be able to wthstand and avod fracture. 1.1 Lamnated manufacturng technology (3D prntng) Snce the ndustry 4.0 reform, 3D prntng technology has become a technology star n recent years, t s also the trend of cuttng-edge manufacturng ndustry, due to 3D prntng technology producton process to escape the tradtonal framework. The dea can be acheved n short perod of tme. 3D prntng technology wll be 3D modelng parts nto 2D layered slces, accordng to the layered slce of the materal stacked to the moldng poston, repeated stackng acton caused by the workpece moldng, dfferent from the tradtonal manufacturng model to cut the workpece materal subtracton way, often cause unnecessary cost consumpton. 3D prntng technology usng layers of stackng method of producton, t can avod unnecessary waste of materal [1]. In the past, the product s n the development stage, subect to the desgn, open mold, tral producton, testng and other processes, the tme spent and human nonordnary small and medum enterprses can afford, and the use of 3D prntng technology for sample desgn and mold manufacturng. Hgh complexty and dffcult parts can be produced n a short tme, n order to facltate the desgner and the user to modfy and communcate, s conducve to product development and custom producton [3]. * Correspondng author: dcchen@cc.ncue.edu.tw The Authors, publshed by EDP Scences. Ths s an open access artcle dstrbuted under the terms of the Creatve Commons Attrbuton Lcense 4.0 (

2 3D prnt parts can be desgned through complex control of the complex geometry of the geometry, the producton of ntegrated spral contact, translaton onts and other confdental nsttutons, and confrm the parts gap, but n mechancal terms can stll not acheve the requred strength [4]. But the surface roughness of complex geometrc parts s not easy to control and s not conducve to subsequent processng, so 3D prntng technology n the manufacturng ndustry s generally used for the desgn of prototype, sample proofng. Wth 3D scannng technology developed, through the 3D scan for measurement and nspecton, and numercal analyss of parts, can predct the type change and mprove the error, and then control the deformaton data and provde desgn parameters [5]. The 3D prntng materal s from the tradtonal engneerng plastcs (ABS, PLA), gradually evolved nto composte metal powder materal (stanless steel, ttanum alloy), so that 3D prntng parts gradually toward hgh strength, hgh densty and both heat-resstant wear-resstant sntered alloy steel and other aspects of development, n response to the characterstcs of materals and dversfcaton. In recent years wdely used n natonal defense, aerospace, medcal, steam locomotves, electrcal and electronc ndustry, 3D prntng technology has gradually become an mportant hgh-tech ndustres [6]. 1.2 Turbne blades Aquarum water qualty control s an mportant work of farmng, whether the qualty of water or not affect the bat status of fsh [7]. The general publc aquarum for the adustment of water qualty wll use the submersble motor, put t n the tank can create smlar to the role of crculatng water to control the oxygen content, temperature, turbdty, etc., and make the vbraton effect of nhbton of algae n the waters of the breedng, to keep the water flow wthn the aquarum smooth [8]. And the most mportant part of the process of water crculaton s the turbne blade. Accordng to the dscusson of the turbne blade force under the water, the analyss of the turbne blade strength ndcates that the wdth of the turbne blade affects the force area of the turbne blade. The pressure s equal to the pressure multpled by the pressure area, and the magntude of the force appled to the turbne blade rotaton s proportonal to the pressure area of the turbne blade when the hydrostatc condton s constant [9]. The two-dmensonal flud pressure effects of the blade cross-sectonal area of the turbne blades are related to the optmum performance achevable by the turbne blades. For the smooth rotaton of the blades, the turbne blades are usually desgned wth exstng arfols [10]. When desgnng the thckness and chord length of the turbne blades, the structural strength of the turbne blades must be consdered. In the prelmnary stage of the turbne blade, the 3D computer model structure should be bult quckly. Therefore, the rule of thumb s usually used accordng to the two- Based on the formula of flud dynamcs and logarthmc helx, the turbne blade blade sze was constructed by usng Inventor 2016 smulaton software to establsh the turbne blade geometry model and the engneerng elastcty of the turbne blade. The parameters and strength parameters are as follows: Table 1. ABS materal engneerng elastc parameters and strength parameters. Name Parameters Materal ABS plastc Number of model grds 10,000 Materal densty 1.06 g/cm^3 Yeld strength 20 MPa Ultmate tensle strength 29.6 MPa Young's modulus 2.24 GPa Posson's rato 0.38 ul Shear modulus GPa The force of the turbne blades s measured under the fxed output power of the submersble motor, and the calculated leaf load s used as the condton of the fnte element analyss method to analyze the turbne blade. The requred structural strength explored the 3D prntng of the turbne blade parts and analog data dfferences to provde the aquarum turbne blade desgn reference. 1.3 The purpose of research In order to make the feed flow from the nternal flow of the aquarum, the feed s effectvely spread out due to the flow. In ths study, the turbne blades of the tank are made by 3D prntng, and the turbne blades of dfferent thckness are desgned by the flud mechancs calculaton method, and the relatonshp between the stress and stran state of the force area and the blade thckness of the turbne blades n 3D operaton s dscussed. 2 Research methods In ths study, Inventor 2016 was used to desgn and draw the model, and the 3D blade turbne blades sutable for the aquarum were drawn wth reference to the common turbne blade appearance. The same arfol, stackng angle, blade number, water pressure and so on were desgned parameters, only the same thckness of the turbne blades. The materal was set to ABS materal, and the stress and stran state of the turbne blade thckness at 2.5mm were smulated. Fnally, the turbne blades wth thckness of 2mm and 3mm were fabrcated by 3D prntng technology to explore the use of 3D prntng technology. Whether the stress stran of the turbne blade can correspond to the turbne blade of the actual necton, and understand the effect of the stress stran value on the turbne blade produced by 3D prntng technology. Fg. 1 and Fg. 2 show the three - dmensonal model of the turbne blade at thckness 2mm. 2

3 3 Results and dscusson 3.1 Effectve stress and stran analyss of turbne blade - force 5N Fg.1. Turbne blade model (2mm)(up). Fg. 3 shows effectve stress of turbne blades on 5N, and Fg. 4 shows effectve stran of turbne blades on 5N. It s understood from the fgure that the effectve stran s evenly dstrbuted at the leaf edge of the turbne blade wth a mnmum effectve stran of and a maxmum effectve stran of The mnmum effectve stress s MPa and the maxmum effectve stress s MPa. Fg. 3. Effectve stress of turbne blades on 5N. Fg. 2. Turbne blade model (2mm)(down). In ths paper, the flud calculaton based on the Renault mean (RANS) equaton vscous flow theory, that the unform flow to mantan a certan speed around the propeller s a typcal three-dmensonal ncompressble turbulent flud. The RANS expresson for the entre computatonal flow feld s as follows: Contnuous equaton Eq. (1): u 0 x Momentum equaton Eq. (2): (1) u u u u u' x x p x u x x ' g (2) x The flud calculaton doman s set to two parts of the fxed doman and the rotatng doman to ensure the calculaton n the normal state. The desgn of the 3D modelng geometry s set as statonary statonary obects such as water and aquarum body, and the turbne blades are set to rotaton. The smulaton set of turbne blade surface s defned as non-slppable wall, turbne blade placed n the aquarum depth and blade sze accordng to the sze of the aquarum. The smulaton set the turbne blade thckness of 2.5mm, the smulaton set materal for the ABS Materal. Fg. 4. Effectve stran of turbne blades on 5N. 3.2 Effectve stress and stran analyss of turbne blade - force 10N Fg. 5 shows efectve stress of turbne blades on 10N, and Fg. 6 shows effectve stran of turbne blades on 10N. It s understood from the fgure that the effectve blade wth a mnmum effectve stran of and a maxmum effectve stran of The mnmum effectve stress s MPa and the maxmum effectve stress s MPa. 3

4 Fg. 5. Efectve stress of turbne blades on 10N. Fg.8. Effectve stran of turbne blades on 15N 3.4 Effectve stress and stran analyss of turbne blade - force 20N. Fg. 9 shows efectve stress of turbne blades on 20N, and Fg. 10 shows effectve stran of turbne blades on 20N. It s understood from the fgure that the effectve blade wth a mnmum effectve stran of and a maxmum effectve stran of The mnmum effectve stress s MPa, the maxmum effectve stress s 0.278MPa. Fg. 6. Effectve stran of turbne blades on 10N. 3.3 Effectve stress and stran analyss of turbne blades - force 15N Fg. 7 shows efectve stress of turbne blades on 15N, and Fg. 8 shows effectve stran of turbne blades on 15N. It s understood from the fgure that the effectve blade wth a mnmum effectve stran of and a maxmum effectve stran of Its effectve stress qualty mnmum MPa, the maxmum effectve stress value of 0.256MPa. Fg. 9. Effectve stress of turbne blades on 20N. Fg.7 Effectve stress of turbne blades on 15N. Fg.10. Effectve stran of turbne blades on 20N. 4

5 4 Conclusons In ths study, the model of the turbne blade s actually made by 3D prntng technology. It s found that the turbne blade wth dfferent blade thckness can be consstent wth the smulaton. Through the above analyss, t s found that the turbne blade wth the thckness of 2mm s n the actual operaton. After 10 hours, there was a serous damage to the tube wall. The turbne blades wth a blade thckness of 3 mm were able to operate normally after 24 hours of operaton. It ndcated that the stress and stran energy of the turbne blades produced by 3D prntng technology could be smulated wth the smulated necton turbne blades correspond to ther effectve stress and effectve stran. The turbne blades made by 3D prntng technology produce breakage of materal under the condton of blade thckness of 2mm. The turbne blades made by 3D prntng technology can be used n the case of blade thckness of 3mm consstent wth the smulaton results, and n the actual operaton of the process has a good strength. From: J. Tangler, J. Davd, Kocurek, Wnd turbne poststall arfol performance characterstcs gudelnes for blade-element momentum methods, NREL/CP Oct References 1. P.K. Yuen, Embeddng obects durng 3D prntng to add new functonaltes. Bomcro-fludcs,10(4), 1-10 (2016) 2. W. Lee, S. Jeon, D. Km, 3d-prnted mcromxer wth helcal blades for hghvscosty fluds. Department of Chemcal Engneerng, [onlne] Avalable: Fs/Papers/1253_T.320e. (2015) 3. Y.S. Huang, Process and applcaton of metal powder. Scence Development Monthly, 523,10-14 (2016) 4. Iñgo Flores Ituarte, Erc Coatanea, Mka Salm, Jukka Tuom, Joun Partanen, Addtve manufacturng n producton: a study case applyng techncal requrements, Physcs Proceda, 78, (2015) 5. T. Seno, Y. Ohtake, Y. Kkuch, N. Sato, H. Suzuk, Y. Naga, 3D scannng based mold correcton for planar and cylndrcal parts n alumnum de castng, Journal of Computatonal Desgn and Engneerng, 2(2), (2015) 6. W. Ln, W. Lu, X. Lang, Development and prospectng applcaton of metal powder process technology and equpment for curng, Tachung Cty: Metal Industry Research and Development Center, (2014) 7. M. L, M. Hong, J. Chen, Q. You, X. Huang, Automatc feedng and water qualty analyss of ndgenous type ndoor crculaton aquaculture system, Journal of Agrculture and Forestry, 49 (4), (2000) 8. G. Peng, How to create a vable ecologcal pool. Conservaton of Nature, 35 (9), 6-10 (2001) 9. Y.R. Jang, Y Ru, Desgn and analyss of small wnd turbne blade, Wnd Power Monthly, 2(2006) 5