Period: Date Lesson 13: Analytic Proofs of Theorems Previously Proved by Synthetic Means

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1 : Analytic Proofs of Theorems Previously Proved by Synthetic Means Learning Targets Using coordinates, I can find the intersection of the medians of a triangle that meet at a point that is two-thirds of the way along each median from the intersected vertex. Using coordinates, I can prove a quadrilateral to be a parallelogram showing that diagonals of a parallelogram bisect one another Opening Activity Line A is the perpendicular bisector of segment BC with B( 2, 1) and C(4, 1). What is the midpoint of BC? What is the slope of BC? What is the slope of line A? (Remember, it is perpendicular to BC.) Write the equation of line A, the perpendicular bisector of BC. Remember from Module 1 All triangles have three medians will intersect at one point in the interior of the triangle called the centroid or the point of concurrency. The centroid of a triangle divides the medians into a 2:1 ratio Example 1 Given triangle ABC with verticesa(1, 1),B(5, 2), and C(3, 5), find the coordinates of the point of concurrency. Find point M midpoint of segment AB Find point N midpoint of segment CB Find point R midpoint of segment AC Draw all three medians and label the point concurrency D Use the ratio to find the coordinates of the point of concurrency

2 Quadrilaterals Properties (Polygons having four sides) Parallelograms 2 sets of parallel sides 2 sets of congruent sides Opposite angles congruent Diagonals bisect each other Trapezoids Have exactly one pair of opposite sides that are parallel Kites 2 pairs adjacent congruent sides Opp. sides not congruent or parallel Rectangles All of the properties of the parallelogram PLUS 4 right angles diagonals are congruent Rhombuses All of the properties of the parallelogram PLUS 4 congruent sides diagonals bisect angles diagonals are perpendicular Isosceles Trapezoid One set of parallel sides Base angles and legs congruent Diagonals are congruent Opposite angles are supplementary Squares I have it all! Coordinate Proofs On a parallelogram (including rectangles, squares and rhombuses) diagonals that bisect each other. On the coordinate plane, diagonals have the same midpoints, therefore they intercept each other. A parallelogram is always a trapezoid, with two sets of opposite sides parallel. On the coordinate plane we prove to sides to be parallel if they have the same slope A rectangle is a parallelogram with all four right angles. On the coordinate plane we prove that by showing consecutive sides have slopes that are opposite reciprocals A rhombus is a parallelogram with all four sides equal. On the coordinate plane we prove that by using the distance formula to find the length of all sides

3 Example 2. Quadrilateral MATH with vertices M(3,-4), A(0,2), T(6,2) and H(9,-4) A. Prove that Quadrilateral MATH is a parallelogram Explanation: Quadrilateral MATH is a parallelogram because two sets of opposite sides have the same slope, meaning that two sets of opposite sides are. B. Prove that Quadrilateral Math is a parallelogram using diagonals C. Is quadrilateral MATH a trapezoid? Explain your answer i. What is the midpoint of segment MT ii. What is the midpoint of segment AH Explanation: Quadrilateral MATH is a parallelogram because the diagonals have the same midpoint, therefore the diagonals of a parallelogram bisect one another D. Is quadrilateral MATH a rhombus? E. Is quadrilateral MATH a rectangle? Explain your answer

4 : Analytic Proofs of Theorems Previously Proved by Synthetic Means Classwork 1. Let A( 23, 12), B(13, 36), and C(23, 1) be vertices of a triangle. a) Find the midpoint for segment AB and label M b) Find the midpoint for segment BC and label P c) Find the midpoint for segment AC and label N d) Where will the medians of this triangle intersect? (point of concurrency or centroid) 2. Given quadrilateral JKLM with vertices J( 4, 2), K(1, 5), L(4, 0), and M( 1, 3): a. Is it a trapezoid? Explain b. Is it a parallelogram? Explain c. Is it a rectangle? Explain d. Is it a rhombus? Explain e. Is it a square? Explain f. Find the point of interception of diagonals of JKLM

5 3. Given a quadrilateral with vertices E(0, 5), F(6, 5),G(4, 0), and H( 2, 0): a. Prove quadrilateral EFGH is a parallelogram. b. Prove (2, 2. 5) is a point on both diagonals of the quadrilateral. 4. Prove quadrilateral WXYZ with vertices W(1, 3), X(4, 8), Y(10, 11), and Z(4, 1) is a trapezoid. Explain your answer.

6 : Analytic Proofs of Theorems Previously Proved by Synthetic Means Homework 1) Prove that the quadrilateral whose vertices are the points A(-1,1), B(-3,4), C(1,5) and D(3,2) is a parallelogram. 2) Quadrilateral DEFG has vertices at D(3,4), E(8,6), F(9,9) and G(4,7). Prove that DEFG is a parallelogram using diagonals

7 3) Quadrilateral ABCD has vertices A(2, 3), B(10, 3), C(10, 1), and D(2, 1). Prove quadrilateral ABCD is a rectangle 4) Quadrilateral QRST has vertices Q(6, 7), R(11, 7), S(8, 3), T(3, 3). Prove quadrilateral QRST is a rhombus 5) The coordinates of the vertices of quadrilateral ABCD are A(4,1), B(1,5), C( 3,2) and D(0, 2). Prove the quadrilateral is a square.

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