PolSARpro v4.03 Forest Applications

Transcription

1 PolSARpro v4.03 Forest Applications Laurent Ferro-Famil Lecture on polarimetric SAR Theory and applications to agriculture & vegetation Thursday 19 April, morning

2 Pol-InSAR Tutorial Forest Application

3 PolSARpro v4.0 SOFTWARE GIMP Google Earth Viewer Display Tools PDF About PolSARpro NEST SRTM PolSARproSIM Ground Small Veg Forest Tutorial on POLSAR and POLinSAR Help Files

4 Lecture Notes Recent Advances in Radar Polarimetry and Polarimetric SAR Interferometry W.M. Boerner 31 pages Basic Concepts in Radar Polarimetry W.M. Boerner 100 pages Advanced Concepts E. Pottier, J.S. Lee, L. Ferro-Famil 65 pages POL-InSAR Training Course S.R. Cloude 44 pages PCT Training Course S.R. Cloude 55 pages

5 Do It Yourself Do It Yourself

6 PolSARpro v4.0 SOFTWARE PolSARproSIM Ground Small Veg Forest

7 PolSARpro v3.31 SOFTWARE PolSARproSim is a rapid, coherent, fully polarimetric and interferometric SAR simulation of forest.

8 PolSARpro SIM The SAR image is evaluated as a coherent sum of scattering events from small elements of the scene Direct-Ground, Direct-Volume and Ground-Volume contributions are included, with both trees and short vegetation comprising Volume terms. DECIDUOUS GV DG DV PINE RANDOM HEDGE Given the map of tree locations and dimensions a grid of points is used to sample the attenuation of the coherent wave in 3D

9 PolSARpro Simulators PolSARproSIM

10 PolSARpro Simulators Pol-InSAR Data Geometric configuration Platform altitude : 3000m Incidence angle: 45 Horizontal Baseline : 10m Vertical Baseline : 0m System Configuration Frequency : 1.5 GHz Azimuth resolution : m Range resolution : m Ground Surface Configuration Surface properties : 0 (smoothest) Ground moisture Content : 0 (driest) Azimuth / Range ground slope : 0 % Forest configuration Tree Species : 0 (hedge) Tree Height: 10m Forest stand density : 0.2 Forest Stand Circular Area : 1 Ha

11 PolSARpro Simulators DATA_MASTERDIR DATA_SLAVEDIR config.txt s11.bin, s12.bin s21.bin, s22.bin config.txt s11.bin, s12.bin s21.bin, s22.bin flat_earth.bin kz.bin

12 PolSARpro v4.0 SOFTWARE PolSARpro Full Software Single Data Set Multi Data Sets Spaceborne Sensors: ALOS, ENVISAT RADARSAT2, TerraSar, SIR-C Airborne Sensors: AIRSAR, Convair, EMISAR ESAR, PISAR, RAMSES PolSARpro Multi Data Sets package

13 MAIN MENU

14 MAIN MENU Environment Display Import Data Process Data Convert Data

15 ENVIRONNEMENT Environment Display Import Data Calibration Assessment Process Data Convert Data

16 ENVIRONNEMENT Configure Data Main Directories location Input Master Directory: C:/POLinSAR_Training_Course/Master_Track Input Slave Directory: C:/POLinSAR_Training_Course/Slave_Track

17 ENVIRONNEMENT Configure Data Main Directory location Automatic Data Check (Null or NaN) Configuration File (ENVI) Image Display Size setting

18 ENVIRONNEMENT Color Palette Edition & Modification

19 PROCESS DATA [S2] - MENU

20 PROCESS DATA [S2] - MENU

21 ELEMENTS Do it Yourself: Select some elements, set the parameters and view the corresponding BMP files (select BMP).

22 ELEMENTS DATA_MASTERDIR config.txt s11.bin, s12.bin s21.bin, s22.bin Axy.bin, Ixy.bin Ixy_db.bin sxy_pha.bin Axy.bmp, Ixy.bmp Ixy_db.bmp sxy_pha.bmp

23 PROCESS DATA [S2] - MENU

24 RAW INTERFEROGRAM Do it Yourself: Select polarization channels, set the parameters and view the corresponding BMP files. Note: The Output Directory is automatically set to: MasterDir_SlaveDir

25 RAW INTERFEROGRAM DATA_MASTERDIR_SLAVEDIR config.txt interferogram_xx_xx.bin interferogram_xx_xx.bmp

26 PROCESS DATA [S2] - MENU

27 FLAT EARTH REMOVAL Do it Yourself: Enter Flat Earth file name, set the parameters and run the function. Note: The Input Slave Directory is automatically set to: SlaveDir_FER

28 FLAT EARTH REMOVAL DATA_SLAVEDIR config.txt s11.bin, s12.bin s21.bin, s22.bin DATA_SLAVEDIR_FER config.txt s11.bin, s12.bin s21.bin, s22.bin

29 RAW INTERFEROGRAM Do it Yourself: Select polarization channels, set the parameters and view the corresponding BMP files. Note: The Output Directory is automatically set to: MasterDir_SlaveDir_FER

30 RAW INTERFEROGRAM DATA_MASTERDIR_SLAVEDIR_FER config.txt interferogram_xx_xx.bin interferogram_xx_xx.bmp

31 PROCESS DATA [S2] - MENU

32 COHERENCE ESTIMATION Do it Yourself: Select polarization channels (linear, circular, pauli), set the parameters (Box Car = 11x11) and view the corresponding BMP files (select BMP).

33 COHERENCE ESTIMATION DATA_MASTERDIR_SLAVEDIR_FER config.txt cmplx_coh_xx.bin cmplx_coh_xx_mod.bmp cmplx_coh_xx_pha.bmp

34 PROCESS DATA [S2] - MENU

35 HEIGHT ESTIMATION INVERSION PROCEDURES

36 HEIGHT ESTIMATION INVERSION PROCEDURES INVERSION PROCEDURES DEM Differencing Algorithm Coherence Amplitude Inversion Procedure Ground Phase Estimation RVOG Inversion Procedure

37 VOLUME COHERENCE MODEL Modeling z Parameter Estimation z h v h v 0 0 Simplifications : Only 2 significant mechanisms Low density medium No refraction

38 VOLUME COHERENCE MODEL γ VOL = j 0 e φ h v 0 f ( z )e h v 0 jk z z f ( z )dz dz φ0 k z = Topographic Phase 4π θ λ sin( θ 0 ) Vertical Wavenumber POLARIZATION INDEPENDENT

39 VOLUME COHERENCE MODEL γ VOL = j 0 e φ h v 0 f ( z )e h v 0 jk z z f ( z )dz dz Vertical Structure function f ( z ) = e σ z cos( θ Case of Uniform Random Layer θ 0 σ Incidence Angle Extinction Coefficient 0 ) POLARIZATION INDEPENDENT

40 RVOG COHERENCE MODEL (Random Volume Over Ground) 2 Layer Combined Surface and random Volume Scattering µ ( w) = γ ( w) jφ VOL e 0 γ + = 1 + µµ ( w) ( w) Surface Scattering Contribution Volume Scattering Contribution B. Treuhaft (2000), S.R. Cloude (2003) POLARIZATION DEPENDENT G / V ratio

41 FOREST HEIGHT ESTIMATION w v Polarisation Channel corresponding to Volume Scattering γ jφ0 ( w v ) a = e γ VOL µ a0 2HV w s Polarisation Channel corresponding to Surface Scattering γ ( w ) s = e jφ γ + µ 1 + µ ( w s ) ( w ) 0 VOL j s a µ a e φ 0 HH-VV

42 FOREST HEIGHT ESTIMATION γ γ ( w ) v ( w ) s = = e e jφ 0 jφ 0 γ VOL γ VOL + µ 1 + µ ( w s ) ( w ) s a φ0 h v σ µ = [ Model] 1 γ γ ( w v ) ( ) w s 4 Parameters 4 Observables INVERSION

43 HEIGHT ESTIMATION INVERSION PROCEDURES DATA_MASTERDIR_SLAVEDIR_FER config.txt DEM_diff_heights.bin, Coh_heights.bin Ground_phase.bin, Ground_phase_median.bin RVOG_phase_heights.bin, RVOG_heights.bin DEM_diff_heights.bmp, Coh_heights.bmp Ground_phase.bmp, Ground_phase_median.bmp RVOG_phase_heights.bmp, RVOG_heights.bmp 2HV Do it Yourself: Set the parameters (Median Size = 21, Factor = 0.4) and view the corresponding BMP files. HH-VV

44 HEIGHT ESTIMATION INVERSION PROCEDURES DEM_diff_heights Coh_heights Ground_phase Ground_phase_median RVOG_phase_heights RVOG_heights

45 PROCESS DATA [S2] - MENU

46 HEIGHT ESTIMATION INVERSION PROCEDURES Do it Yourself: Select a BMP file Select a BIN file Select Input Data Format Select Show Select Area SAVE PLOT

47 HEIGHT ESTIMATION INVERSION PROCEDURES DEM_diff_heights Coh_heights RVOG_heights

48 PROCESS DATA [S2] - MENU

49 HEIGHT ESTIMATION INVERSION PROCEDURES Do it Yourself: Select a BMP file Select a BIN file Select Input Data Format Select Pixel Select Show Select Representation X Range / Y Range = 200pix XY Range = 30 pix (3D) Set Min / Max Values PLOT

50 HEIGHT ESTIMATION INVERSION PROCEDURES DEM_diff_heights Coh_heights RVOG_heights

51 Polarization Coherence Tomography Tutorial

52 PolSARpro v4.0 SOFTWARE GIMP Google Earth Viewer Display Tools PDF About PolSARpro NEST SRTM PolSARproSIM Ground Small Veg Forest Tutorial on POLSAR and POLinSAR Help Files

53 Lecture Notes Recent Advances in Radar Polarimetry and Polarimetric SAR Interferometry W.M. Boerner 31 pages Basic Concepts in Radar Polarimetry W.M. Boerner 100 pages Advanced Concepts E. Pottier, J.S. Lee, L. Ferro-Famil 65 pages POL-InSAR Training Course S.R. Cloude 44 pages PCT Training Course S.R. Cloude 55 pages

54 Do It Yourself Do It Yourself

55 VOLUME COHERENCE MODEL γ VOL = j 0 e φ h v 0 f ( z )e h v 0 jk z z f ( z )dz dz Vertical Structure function f ( z ) = e σ z cos( θ Case of Uniform Random Layer θ 0 σ Incidence Angle Extinction Coefficient 0 )

56 VOLUME COHERENCE MODEL γ VOL = j 0 e φ h v 0 f ( z )e h v 0 jk z z f ( z )dz dz Assuming we know the estimates of: φ (topographic phase) and h (height) 0 Techniques for the reconstruction of: f ( z ) (Vertical Structure Function) v

57 POLARIMETRIC COHERENCE TOMOGRAPHY f ( ) z L Develop in a Fourier-Legendre series on [-1, +1] P n ( f ( a z n L z L ) = anpn ( zl ) n 2n + 1 = 2 ) 1 1 f ( z L )P Legendre Polynomials n ( z L )dz L a n

58 POLARIMETRIC COHERENCE TOMOGRAPHY Calculate Legendre Spectrum for polarization w Select an arbitrary polarization scattering mechanisms: w w γ ~ j ˆ φ0 kˆ v ( w) γ = γ ( w) e e j ( ) Re γ â20 = ( ~ γ ) f 0 = a 20 f 2 f 2 ( ~ γ ) = ja f Im( ~ γ ) Re = Im Reconstruct normalized vertical structure fˆ â 10 ( w,z) ( 1 â ( w) ) 1 10 = j ( w) 1 â20 = z ĥ ĥ v v ~ f 1 f 0 With: 0 < z < ĥv

59 PROCESS DATA [S2] - MENU

60 POLARIMETRIC COHERENCE TOMOGRAPHY PCT Parameters Estimation Do it Yourself: Set the parameters (Window Size = 11, Epsilon = 0.8) and view the corresponding BMP files.

61 POLARIMETRIC COHERENCE TOMOGRAPHY PCT Parameters Estimation DATA_MASTERDIR_SLAVEDIR_FER config.txt cmplx_coh_pctgamhi.bin, cmplx_coh_pctgamlo.bin PCT_TopoPhase.bin, PCT_Kv.bin, PCT_Height.bin cmplx_coh_pctgamhi_mod.bmp, cmplx_coh_pctgamhi_pha.bmp, cmplx_coh_pctgamlo_mod.bmp, cmplx_coh_pctgamlo_pha.bmp, PCT_TopoPhase.bmp, PCT_Kv.bmp, PCT_Height.bmp Do it Yourself: Set the parameters (Window Size = 11, Epsilon = 0.8) and view the corresponding BMP files.

62 POLARIMETRIC COHERENCE TOMOGRAPHY PCT Parameters Estimation Optimal PolInSAR Coherences Topographic Phase Normalized Baseline Kv Estimated Height

63 POLARIMETRIC COHERENCE TOMOGRAPHY PCT Engine Do it Yourself: Select a Polarimetric channel, run and view the corresponding BMP files.

64 POLARIMETRIC COHERENCE TOMOGRAPHY PCT Engine DATA_MASTERDIR_SLAVEDIR_FER config.txt PCT_f0.bin, PCT_f1.bin, PCT_f2.bin, PCT_a10.bin, PCT_a20.bin PCT_a10.bmp, PCT_a20.bmp Legendre Coefficients a10 and a20

65 POLARIMETRIC COHERENCE TOMOGRAPHY PCT Engine Do it Yourself: Select the Hist function Legendre Functions f0, f1 and f2

66 POLARIMETRIC COHERENCE TOMOGRAPHY PCT Engine Do it Yourself: Select the Display PCT function

67 Questions?

68 ALOS / PALSAR Pol-InSAR DataSets

69 BASELINE CALCULATOR TOOL PALSAR Data Level Read orbit Position and Velocity vectors (28 SVs) from L1.1 product header 2. Interpolate the 2 ALOS orbits 3. Align the time reference between the orbits 4. Read timing and geometry information from the SAR scene 5. Calculate perpendicular baseline 1 28 SVs perpendicular baseline ALOS orbit SAR scene 4

70 BASELINE CALCULATOR TOOL PALSAR Data Level 1.1 INTERFEROMETRIC BASELINE TOOL Check the Pol-InSAR application feasibility Generate Flat-Earth and Vertical Wavenumber Provide coarse co-registration SLC #1 SLC #2

71 PolSARpro v4.0 SOFTWARE ALOS : Advanced Land Observing Satellite PALSAR : Phase Array L-Band SAR

72 PROCESSING CHAIN Configuration Data Import Input Data File: Spaceborne Sensors Extract Raw Data Data already extracted Data Process Flat Earth Estimation Baseline Estimation Flat Earth Estimation Spectral Estimation Tools Sub Data Extraction Complex Coherence Estimation Coarse Co-Registration Flat Earth Estimation Spectral Estimation Complex Coherence Estimation Flat Earth Removal Complex Coherence Estimation

73 PROCESSING CHAIN Configuration Data Process Flat Earth Estimation Baseline Estimation Flat Earth Estimation Spectral Estimation Tools Sub Data Extraction Complex Coherence Estimation Coarse Co-Registration Flat Earth Estimation Spectral Estimation Complex Coherence Estimation Flat Earth Removal Complex Coherence Estimation

74 MAIN MENU

75 ENVIRONNEMENT Configure Data Main Directories location Input Master Directory: C:/ Prague_280307_Master Input Slave Directory: C:/ Prague_130507_Slave

76 DISPLAY

77 DISPLAY Master Pauli Image Slave Pauli Image

78 PROCESSING CHAIN Configuration Data Process Flat Earth Estimation Baseline Estimation Flat Earth Estimation Spectral Estimation Tools Sub Data Extraction Complex Coherence Estimation Coarse Co-Registration Flat Earth Estimation Spectral Estimation Complex Coherence Estimation Flat Earth Removal Complex Coherence Estimation

79 PROCESS DATA Environment Display Import Data Calibration Assessment Process Data Convert Data

80 PROCESS DATA [S2] - MENU

81 BASELINE ESTIMATION Do it Yourself: Run the Baseline Estimation Select some auxiliary parameters and view the corresponding BMP files.

82 BASELINE ESTIMATION kz kz Radar Incidence Angle

83 BASELINE ESTIMATION Master Pauli Image Flat Earth

84 PROCESSING CHAIN Configuration Data Process Flat Earth Estimation Baseline Estimation Flat Earth Estimation Spectral Estimation Tools Sub Data Extraction Complex Coherence Estimation Coarse Co-Registration Flat Earth Estimation Spectral Estimation Complex Coherence Estimation Flat Earth Removal Complex Coherence Estimation

85 PROCESS DATA [S2] - MENU

86 SPECTRAL ESTIMATION Do it Yourself: Select the polarization channel Set the Analysis Window size Set the output format View the corresponding BMP files.

87 SPECTRAL ESTIMATION Master Pauli Image Flat Earth FFT

88 SPECTRAL ESTIMATION Flat Earth Flat Earth FFT

89 PROCESSING CHAIN Configuration Data Process Flat Earth Estimation Baseline Estimation Flat Earth Estimation Spectral Estimation Tools Sub Data Extraction Complex Coherence Estimation Coarse Co-Registration Flat Earth Estimation Spectral Estimation Complex Coherence Estimation Flat Earth Removal Complex Coherence Estimation

90 TOOLS Do it Yourself: Init Row = 1 End Row = 5000 Init Col = 1 End Col = 1248 MASTER DIR config.txt Fully Polarimetric Data Files MASTER DIR_SUB config.txt Fully Polarimetric Data Files

91 TOOLS Do it Yourself: Init Row = 1 End Row = 5000 Init Col = 1 End Col = 1248 SLAVE DIR config.txt Fully Polarimetric Data Files SLAVE DIR_SUB config.txt Fully Polarimetric Data Files

92 TOOLS Do it Yourself: Init Row = 1 End Row = 5000 Init Col = 1 End Col = 1248 SLAVE DIR flat_earth.bin flat_earth.bin SLAVE DIR_SUB flat_earth.bin

93 ENVIRONNEMENT Configure Data Main Directories location Input Master Directory: C:/ Prague_280307_Master_SUB_SUB Input Slave Directory: C:/ Prague_130507_Slave_SUB_SUB

94 DISPLAY

95 DISPLAY

96 DISPLAY Master Pauli Image Slave Pauli Image

97 PROCESSING CHAIN Configuration Data Process Flat Earth Estimation Baseline Estimation Flat Earth Estimation Spectral Estimation Tools Sub Data Extraction Complex Coherence Estimation Coarse Co-Registration Flat Earth Estimation Spectral Estimation Complex Coherence Estimation Flat Earth Removal Complex Coherence Estimation

98 PROCESS DATA [S2] - MENU

99 COMPLEX COHERENCE ESTIMATION Do it Yourself: Select the polarization channel Set the Analysis Window size (7) Select BMP and Averaging Set the Analysis Averaging Window size (7) View the corresponding BMP files.

100 COMPLEX COHERENCE ESTIMATION cmplx_coh_avg_vv_mod cmplx_coh_avg_vv_pha

101 COMPLEX COHERENCE ESTIMATION Master Pauli Image Slave Pauli Image

102 COMPLEX COHERENCE ESTIMATION Master Pauli Image Slave Pauli Image SHIFT

103 PROCESSING CHAIN Configuration Data Process Flat Earth Estimation Baseline Estimation Flat Earth Estimation Spectral Estimation Tools Sub Data Extraction Complex Coherence Estimation Coarse Co-Registration Flat Earth Estimation Spectral Estimation Complex Coherence Estimation Flat Earth Removal Complex Coherence Estimation

104 PROCESS DATA [S2] - MENU

105 BASIC COARSE COREGISTRATION Do it Yourself: Set the Analysis Window size Row = 1024 Col = 256 SLAVE DIR_SUB config.txt Fully Polarimetric Data Files SLAVE DIR_SUB_COR config.txt Fully Polarimetric Data Files

106 BASIC COARSE COREGISTRATION Master Pauli Image Slave Pauli Image

107 PROCESSING CHAIN Configuration Data Process Flat Earth Estimation Baseline Estimation Flat Earth Estimation Spectral Estimation Tools Sub Data Extraction Complex Coherence Estimation Coarse Co-Registration Flat Earth Estimation Spectral Estimation Complex Coherence Estimation Flat Earth Removal Complex Coherence Estimation

108 PROCESS DATA [S2] - MENU

109 SPECTRAL ESTIMATION Do it Yourself: Select the polarization channel Set the Analysis Window size Row = 1024 Col = 256 Set the output format View the corresponding BMP files.

110 SPECTRAL ESTIMATION Flat Earth Flat Earth FFT

111 PROCESSING CHAIN Configuration Data Process Flat Earth Estimation Baseline Estimation Flat Earth Estimation Spectral Estimation Tools Sub Data Extraction Complex Coherence Estimation Coarse Co-Registration Flat Earth Estimation Spectral Estimation Complex Coherence Estimation Flat Earth Removal Complex Coherence Estimation

112 PROCESS DATA [S2] - MENU

113 COMPLEX COHERENCE ESTIMATION Do it Yourself: Select the polarization channel Set the Analysis Window size (7) Select BMP and Averaging Set the Analysis Averaging Window size (7) View the corresponding BMP files.

114 COMPLEX COHERENCE ESTIMATION cmplx_coh_avg_vv_mod cmplx_coh_avg_vv_pha

115 COMPLEX COHERENCE ESTIMATION cmplx_coh_avg_vv_pha Flat Earth FFT

116 PROCESSING CHAIN Configuration Data Process Flat Earth Estimation Baseline Estimation Flat Earth Estimation Spectral Estimation Tools Sub Data Extraction Complex Coherence Estimation Coarse Co-Registration Flat Earth Estimation Spectral Estimation Complex Coherence Estimation Flat Earth Removal Complex Coherence Estimation

117 PROCESS DATA [S2] - MENU

118 FLAT EARTH REMOVAL Do it Yourself: Enter the 2D Flat Earth file Select conjugate SLAVE DIR_SUB_COR config.txt Fully Polarimetric Data Files SLAVE DIR_SUB_COR_FER config.txt Fully Polarimetric Data Files

119 PROCESSING CHAIN Configuration Data Process Flat Earth Estimation Baseline Estimation Flat Earth Estimation Spectral Estimation Tools Sub Data Extraction Complex Coherence Estimation Coarse Co-Registration Flat Earth Estimation Spectral Estimation Complex Coherence Estimation Flat Earth Removal Complex Coherence Estimation

120 COMPLEX COHERENCE ESTIMATION Do it Yourself: Select the polarization channel Set the Analysis Window size (7) Select BMP and Averaging Set the Analysis Averaging Window size (7) View the corresponding BMP files.

121 COMPLEX COHERENCE ESTIMATION cmplx_coh_avg_vv_mod cmplx_coh_avg_vv_pha

122 COMPLEX COHERENCE ESTIMATION cmplx_coh_avg_vv_pha cmplx_coh_avg_vv_pha

123 CONCLUSION Master Pauli Image cmplx_coh_avg_vv_mod?

124 CONCLUSION T* POLSAR IMAGES I1 = w 1 k and 1 I T* 2 = w 2 k 2 ( w, ) With: Complex Unitary Vectors 1 w 2 * I1I 2 γ ( w 1,w 2 ) = = I I I I 1 * 1 2 * 2 w [ Ω ] T* w 1 12 w 2 T* 1[ T1 ] w 1 w 2[ T2 ] w T* 2 COMPLEX POLARIMETRIC INTERFEROMETRIC COHERENCE γ = γ SNR γ spatial γ temporal γ polar 46 days

125 TanDEM-X TerraSAR X (1 & 2) (2010) Pol InSAR Sensors

126 TanDEM-L DESDynl Monitoring the Earth s Dynamics with Pol-InSAR Courtesy of Pr. A. Moreira POLINSAR09

127 Questions?