Compiling and executing managed code

Transcription

1 Compilig ad exectig maaged code Sorce Code Compilatio Lagage Compiler Microsoft Itermediate Lagage (MSIL) The first time each method is called Native Code Exectio JIT Compiler

2 Commo Lagage Rtime

3 C#

4 .NET lagages Over 20.NET-compatible lagages Most are provided by 3 rd parties.net lagages provided by Microsoft C++ Visal Basic C#

5 Lagage Compiler List Ada APL C# Basic (Visal Basic) C C++ Java COBOL Compoet Pascal (Qeeslad U Tech) ECMAScript (JScript) Eiffel (Moash U.) Haskell (Utrecht U.) lcc (MS Research Redmod) Modria (Utrecht) ML (MS Research Cambridge) Mercry (Melbore U.) Obero (Zrich Uiversity) Oz (Uiv of Saarlades) Perl Pytho Scheme (Northwester U.) SmallTalk

6 Why C#? Uofficially: becase S ows Java Importat featres are spread ot over mltiple lagages Example: do yo thik developers shold have to choose betwee poiters (C++) or garbage collectio (Java)? Old lagages + ew featres = poor sytax Garbage collectio i C++? Evet-drive GUIs i Java? Icrease developer prodctivity! Type safety Garbage collectio Exceptios

7 The safety of Java 100% object orieted Atomatic garbage collectio Array bods checkig at rtime Strict type checkig Strctred exceptio hadlig

8 The ease of Visal Basic First class spport for properties First class spport for evets foreach loops

9 The power of C++ Emeratios Operator overloadig Mathematical, Idexig, ad Castig Fctio poiters Strcts Called delegates Type safe

10 The power of C++ Optio to pass parameters by referece or by vale Ca disable type-safety, garbage collectio, ad bods checkig Ca directly maiplate memory with poiters

11 foreach loops Iterates over arrays or ay class that implemets the IEmerable iterface It32[] myarray = ew It32[]{10, 20, 30, 40}; foreach(it32 i i myarray){ Cosole.WriteLie(i); } Does this featre look familiar? JDK 5.0 imitates, thogh with differet sytax

12 Atomatic boxig Atomatically coverts primitive vales to objects as eeded Stack s = ew Stack(); s.psh( ew Iteger( 42 ) );... it x = ((Iteger)s.pop()).itVale(); Stack s = ew Stack(); s.psh( 42 );... it x = (it)s.pop();

13 Iheritace ad iterfaces C++ sytax Simply se a colo ad separate by commas Ca iherit from oe base class Ca implemet ay mber of iterfaces class ArrayList : Collectio, IEmerable { }

14 Frit example: class Frit & costrctor sig System; amespace FritProject1 { pblic abstract class Frit { protected strig color; protected doble size; protected Poit ceter; /// <smmary> /// Costrctor with parameters /// </smmary> /// <param ame="color"></param> /// <param ame="size"></param> /// <param ame="ceter"></param> protected Frit(strig color,doble size,poit ceter) { MyExceptio ex = ew MyExceptio(); if (validcolor(color)) this.color = color; else { ex.whaterror = "Ivalid color"; throw ex; } if (validsize(size)) this.size = size; else { ex.whaterror = "Ivalid size"; throw ex; } this.ceter = ceter; }

15 Frit example: a few Frit methods pblic void chagesize(doble size) { MyExceptio ex = ew MyExceptio(); if (validsize(size)) this.size = size; else { ex.whaterror = "Ivalid size"; throw ex; } } pblic doble getsize() { retr size; } pblic abstract bool validsize(doble size); pblic abstract bool validcolor(strig color); pblic abstract void prit(); /// <smmary> /// For idetifyig object types /// </smmary> /// <retrs>type of the object</retrs> pblic override strig ToStrig() //Is the keyword a good idea? { retr "Frit"; }

16 A cople of methods from class Apple pblic override bool validsize(doble size) { if ((size>500) (size<10)) retr false; else retr tre; } pblic override void prit() { // Atomatically ivoke ToStrig methods of object parts Cosole.WriteLie("Type:" + this + "- size:" + this.size + "- color:" + this.color + "- ceter" + this.ceter); }

17 Sippets from class Bowl sig System; sig System.Collectios; amespace FritProject1 { /// <smmary> /// class Bowl models a bowl of frit /// </smmary> pblic class Bowl { private it capacity; private ArrayList fritlist = ew ArrayList(); pblic Bowl(it capacity) { this.capacity = capacity; } pblic it getcapacity() { retr capacity; } pblic it getnmberoffrits() { retr fritlist.cot; } pblic bool addfrit(frit f) { if (fritlist.cot<capacity) fritlist.add(f); else retr false; retr tre; } //More methods }

18 .NET vs. J2EE

19 Basic Trths J2EE Java-cetric ad platform-etral J2EE is ot a prodct yo by from S. J2EE is a set of specificatios which idicate how varios J2EE fctios mst iteroperate If I do t by J2EE from S, how does S make moey? J2EE 1.4 released with featres to completely spport web services JAX-RPC 1.1 API, J2EE Maagemet 1.0 API, web service edpoits etc. (Hard to lear, hard to implemet!)

20 Basic Trths.NET Widows-cetric ad lagage-etral.net is a Microsoft prodct strategy that icldes a rage of prodcts from developmet tools ad servers to ed-ser applicatios. Platform-etral versio of.net is available Moo Novell-sposored, ope sorce implemetatio of the.net developmet eviromet ( )