Optical Engineering. Course outline. Exercise. Generation of upright, magnified image
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1 Course outline 3.2 Opticl Engineering rtin erken Universität Krlsruhe (TH). Imging optics 2. Light propgtion cross interces 2.2 Photogrphy nd opticl lenses 2.4 Plne prllel pltes nd relective prisms 2.5 Depth o ocus 2.6 gniying glss nd bsic microscope 2.7 odern microscopes 2.8 Bem expnsion 2.0 Optic design 6. Dirctive optics nd hologrms Exercise 3.3 gniiction 3.4 Evlute the ollowing opticl systems to obtin n upright, mgniied imge o n LED chip t given distnce! enertion o upright, mgniied imge roup distnce 20 mm distnce 7 mm 2 40 mm gniiction 6x 2 B mm 55 mm (biconvex) 2.5x 3 30 mm 6 mm (combined convex) 65 mm (combined convex) 2.5x B mm 0 mm (biconvex) 5x g b g 2 b mm (convex) 77 mm (convex) 5x Suggest n improved system!
2 2-stge imging with scttering screen stge imging with ield lens 3.6 For 2-stge imging with only two lenses second lens needs to be lrge to cpture light rom ll object points Solution : Include scttering screen o entire object drk s light scttered in ll directions For 2-stge imging with only two lenses second lens needs to be lrge to cpture light rom ll object points Solution 2: Include ield lens t position o intermedite imge Entire object visible in bright imge Disdvntge: dirt on ield lens is lso imged Intermedite imge Losses Intermedite imge + ield lens Intermedite imge + scttering screen gniying glss Clcultion o mgniiction 3.7 icroscope Clcultion o mgniiction 3.8 For unstrined viewing, object t single ocl length nd eye dpted to ininity α 0 For unstrined viewing, eye dpted to ininity nd intermedite imge t ocl length o oculr Tube length is distnce between ocl plne o objective nd ocl plne o oculr (typicl vlue 20 cm) ive Oculr s α Α α α 0 s s ive ive ' t + t ( Tube length ) ( t + ) Intermedite imge obj t + tot obj ocu t s Ocu Oculr α Α Oculr t
3 Oculrs 3.9 Course outline 3.0 Oculr combines ield lens nd eye lens odern microscopes mostly use positive oculrs, i.e., oculrs orming rel imge For negtive oculrs with virtul imge it is not possible to include mrkers nd imge is not delimited well. Imging optics 2. Light propgtion cross interces 2.2 Photogrphy nd opticl lenses 2.4 Plne prllel pltes nd relective prisms 2.5 Depth o ocus 2.6 gniying glss nd bsic microscope 2.7 odern microscopes 2.8 Bem expnsion 2.0 Optic design 6. Dirctive optics nd hologrms Exercise: Bem expnsion 3. Bsic bem expnsion systems 3.2 To chieve high resolution mny imging systems employ bem expnsion inimum resolvble ngle: Bem expnsion systems re telescopes! Two bsic principles φ min.22 λ D [rd] lilei-telescope Principle: Collimted bem is trnsormed to collimted bem with lrger dimeter Design the optics or 2-lens bem expnsion system! Build your bem expnsion system! Chrcterize your bem expnsion system! Focl lengths nd dimeter o lenses Distnce between lenses Finl bem dimeter D Losses Expnsion rtio Clculte the minimum resolvble ngle! 2π rd 360 ; 60 (Arc minutes); 60 (Arc seconds) ive Opticl xis Bem pth Kepler-telescope Source:
4 Course outline 3.3 Kepler-Telescope 3.4. Imging optics 2. Light propgtion cross interces 2.2 Photogrphy nd opticl lenses 2.4 Plne prllel pltes nd relective prisms 2.5 Depth o ocus 2.6 gniying glss nd bsic microscope 2.7 odern microscopes 2.8 Bem expnsion 2.0 Optic design 6. Dirctive optics nd hologrms ol: gniciction o distnt objects ost telescopes re ocl systems: t negtive ininity is imged to positive ininity Focl points o objective nd oculr t sme position gniiction given by: ektiv Okulr ive Oculr Source: Telescope: Rerctor 3.5 Telescope: Relector 3.6 Kepler telescope Combintion o two convex lenses Correction o chromtic berrtion: Use o dditionl concve lens (chromtic objective) Newton-telescope Prbolic min mirror to correct or sphericl berrtion Limited ield o view due to berrtions or oblique incidence ngles Second mirror reduces resolution due to dirction Convex lens Concve lens Secondry mirror Oculr Primry mirror
5 Terrestril telescopes 3.7 Which Christms present? 3.8 For observtion o terrestril objects oten upright imge is desired y be obtined by dditionl lens or prism system BRASKO telescope High qulity rerctor-telescope with mny extrs Includes equipment or terrestril observtion (Umkehrlinse), moon ilter, Brlow-lens, stble mount with try, holder o oculrs nd much more. Focl length 700 mm ive-dimeter ximum resolution 525x Price: EUR 99,95 Source: Which Christms present? 3.9 Compiltion o questions 3.20 Bresser telescope Pluto 4/500 Lrge Newton relector telescope in compct lyout. For observtions within nd outside our solr system Focl length 500 mm ive / irror ø4 mm ximum mgniiction 25x - 250x Price: 34,00 Ly out 2-stge mgniiction system with n upright imge! Wht is the unction o ield lens? Where is the ield lens plced in n opticl system? Clculte the mgniiction o mgniying glss with 62,5 mm ocl length lens! Sketch n opticl system to chieve bem expnsion! Derive the mgniiction o Kepler telescope! Decide until next Thursdy which telescope you buy nd list your rguments! Source:
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