5G for people and things - the key to the programmable world. Patrick Marsch and Fernando Sanchez Moya. 1 Nokia Solutions and Networks 2015

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1 5G for people and things - the key to the programmable world i Patrick Marsch and Fernando Sanchez Moya 1 Nokia Solutions and Networks 2015

2 People & Things Possibilities Versatile radio System of systems Practicalities Potentials Key to the programmable world 2 Nokia Solutions and Networks 2015 Public

3 People & Things Possibilities Versatile radio System of systems Practicalities Potentials Key to the programmable world 3 Nokia Solutions and Networks 2015 Public

4 Explosion of possibilities: new performance levels of people and things Virtual 3D presence 4k Video Communication AUGMENTED INTERCONNECTED Personal robot 8k Video beamer VIRTUAL Augmented gaming Real time work in cloud Smart clothes VR gaming Real time cloud access Augmented shopping Mobile living Remote Diagnosis Real-time remote control Smart watch Travel & commute Health Augmented dashboard Advanced monitoring REDEDICATED Time shift Touch & steer TACTILE Work & game while traveling People & Things HD Cams NW Assisted driving Logistics Connected home Self driving Safety & Security Tracking / inventory systems Toll collection Smart grids Reliable emergency communications Automotive Maintenance optimization AUTONOMOUS 3D printing Traffic steering & management Waste mgmt. SUPEREFFICIENT Factory automation Real-time remote control Industry 4.0 REVOLUTIONIZED Traffic Mgmt. Utility & Energy 4 Nokia Solutions and Networks 2015

Enhancing perception of reality in real-time INTERCONNECTED

mobile subscribers use AR at least once in a week already today

Task-specific assistance City tours 1 96% 2.

percent faster 6 Billion AR apps will be downloaded in 2017

Wearable cognitive assistance will be the killer app of mobile

5 Enhancing perception of reality in real-time INTERCONNECTED AUGMENTED REDEDICATED AUTONOMOUS Object recognition 30% of mobile subscribers use AR at least once in a week already today Car dashboard 3 Interact with real-word Shopping 2 Task-specific assistance City tours 1 96% 2.5 Production accuracy while software will let engineers work 30 percent faster 6 Billion AR apps will be downloaded in 2017 Manufactutring 6 Assembly and material instructions Gaming 4 Wearable cognitive assistance will be the killer app of mobile computing in the next decade 5 VIRTUAL TACTILE SUPEREFFICIENT REVOLUTIONIZED 5 Nokia Solutions and Networks 2015

Transforming urban space: autonomous vehicles INTERCONNECTED AUGMENTED REDEDICATED AUTONOMOUS 0 Close to zero fatalities; 1 million lives saved 1 1 hour day Personal time gain due to traffic

6 Transforming urban space: autonomous vehicles INTERCONNECTED AUGMENTED REDEDICATED AUTONOMOUS 0 Close to zero fatalities; 1 million lives saved 1 1 hour day Personal time gain due to traffic optimization 1 t Advances in automotive sensors Advances in wireless comms. Communications - assisted driving Car drivers receiving information about hazards ahead Autonomous driving Sensors used to avoid collisions or drive in road trains Communications -enhanced autonomous driving Sensors + wireless communications used to react to hazards Hazard lowest latency / highest reliability Up to 4 times more cars on highways possible 1 (First studies US) 3 VIRTUAL TACTILE SUPEREFFICIENT REVOLUTIONIZED 6 Nokia Solutions and Networks 2015

7 Transforming urban space: superefficient infrastructure INTERCONNECTED AUGMENTED REDEDICATED AUTONOMOUS Power management SmartGrid 10-35% reduced utility bills for building owners [example Etisalat] Benefit-to-Cost Ratio of a smart grid Waste management 20% water lost due to leakage, can be avoided by close sensor based monitoring Water management 73% Reduced size of trash crews (Philadelphia) VIRTUAL TACTILE SUPEREFFICIENT REVOLUTIONIZED 7 Nokia Solutions and Networks 2015

8 4 th industrial revolution: create an "artificially intelligent" production system INTERCONNECTED AUGMENTED REDEDICATED AUTONOMOUS Cooperate in completely new ways 50% Improvement of manufacturing productivity in 10 years Production materials with IC chips Autonomous vehicles in warehouses move around at high speeds Manufacture a wide variety of products in small quantities 0 Zero-inventory production system; Minimized labor and energy costs Arrange themselves for optimal production efficiency Fleet of robots is supervised, updated and controlled by a cloud service Integrate operations Dialogue between e.g. 3D printers Remotely steer robots with integrated surveillance cameras 4th industrial revolution: Creating an artificially intelligent production system drastically increase industrial competitiveness Nikkei Asian Review VIRTUAL TACTILE SUPEREFFICIENT REVOLUTIONIZED 8 Nokia Solutions and Networks 2015

9 5G for people and things Expanding the human possibilities of cellular technology Give back 2hrs/day never be in a rush Everyone is an innovator easier and faster to innovate Towards zero road fatalities, > half a million lives saved Healthier people with connected wearables, remote medics Never lost - always find an address always on time Safer in connected homes Zero loss water distribution Less transport costs and fuel consumption 50% higher industry productivity by connected cyber physical systems Individual Society Economy 9 Nokia Solutions and Networks 2015

10 People & Things Possibilities Versatile radio System of systems Practicalities Potentials Key to the programmable world 10 Nokia Solutions and Networks 2015

11 Heterogeneous use cases diverse requirements x more devices M2M ultra low cost >10 Gbps peak data rates Massive machine communication Extreme Mobile Broadband Critical machine communication 100 Mbps whenever needed x more traffic <1 ms radio latency 10 years on battery Ultra reliability 11 Nokia Solutions and Networks 2015

12 5G for people and things Key to the programmable world Versatile radio Unlocking spectrum assets Massive machine communication Extreme Mobile Broadband Critical machine communication Dynamic resource usage Configurability 12 Nokia Solutions and Networks 2015

13 Unlocking new spectrum assets Foundation for 5G Leveraging all bands, ranging from ~400MHz - 100GHz 400 MHz 3 GHz 6 GHz 10 GHz 30 GHz 90 GHz cmwave mmwave continuous coverage, high mobility and reliability higher capacity and massive throughput Leading METIS I & II spectrum work package Different characteristics, licensing, sharing and usage schemes Carrier BW n * n * 100 MHz 1-2GHz Duplexing Cell size Coverage 10,000 x >10 Gbps 100 Mbps <1 ms x ultra low Capacity 10 years Leading modeling know-how Channel measurements from 3-73GHz World s 1st trials on shared spectrum access 13 Nokia Solutions and Networks 2015 Spectrum Availability

Throughput Multi-Connectivity Perception of infinite capacity Multiple radio technologies collaborating as one system WA x x Extreme mobility robustness and ultra reliability cmwave mmwave t Spectrum

14 Throughput Multi-Connectivity Perception of infinite capacity Multiple radio technologies collaborating as one system WA x x Extreme mobility robustness and ultra reliability cmwave mmwave t Spectrum x x Spectral efficiency 10,000 x >10 Gbps 100 Mbps <1 ms x ultra low x x # BS 10 years >100 Mbps anywhere ~ 3 x burst throughput* 4G/5G real-time radio resource management know how built on demonstrator *in example area, 50% load 14 Nokia Solutions and Networks 2015

Native massive MIMO Let the capacity follow the demand Chip-scale antennas, high beamforming & multiplexing gain 700% Cell edge gain +80% Spectral efficiency Controllable antenna elements 16, 32, 64,

15 Native massive MIMO Let the capacity follow the demand Chip-scale antennas, high beamforming & multiplexing gain 700% Cell edge gain +80% Spectral efficiency Controllable antenna elements 16, 32, 64, 256, Exploiting high frequency bands with chip scale antenna array research Compensating path loss with high antenna gain 10,000 x >10 Gbps 100 Mbps <1 ms x ultra low 10 years Cooperation with top notch industry and university partners mmwave trials with DOCOMO 10Gbps speed record w. National Instruments 15 Nokia Solutions and Networks 2015

16 Slim Radio Low cost & power for massive machine type communication LTE-M for small, infrequent & low cost data transfer Power saving Longer sleeping cycles* Less signaling for wakeup Power Save Mode >10 years Battery life with two AA batteries Very low device cost Simplified modems Narrowband transmission Reduced transmit power Limited downlink transmission modes UE processing relaxations 10,000 x >10 Gbps 100 Mbps <1 ms x ultra low *) Extended Discontinuous Reception (DRX) +15~20 db coverage 4 x coverage compared to current LTE New coding Repetition and power spectral density boosts 10 years Live trial with KT MWC 2015 First live demo on commercial Nokia FlexiZone and core Driving for availability in 3GPP Rel.13, Nokia Solutions and Networks 2015

17 D2D + D-Infra-D D2D only 1ms Radio Enabling a new generation of latency critical services E2E latency aware scheduler Latency optimized frame structure W/o wireless communications (e.g. propagation of sensor reaction only) p LTE-A D2D ( safety) 42ms 50ms 300ms Autonomous driving and production Dynamic uplink-downlink 5G ~1ms LTE-A D2D ~10ms (Rel. 13 pot.) E2E latency Tactile internet services Pipeline processing 5G ~2.5ms LTE-A ~10ms Sensor propagation delay Scheduling / grant signaling delay Radio transmission Infrastructure delay 10,000 x >10 Gbps 100 Mbps <1 ms x ultra low DMRS = Demodulation Reference Signal; GP = Guard Period 10 years mmwave demo with NTT DoCoMo 17 Nokia Solutions and Networks 2015

18 User 1 User 1 frequency User 5 User 1 User 1 User 1 Dynamic resource management Bandwidth deployment cost savings Precise on-demand RRM - downlink, uplink and self-backhaul time User 3 t f % capacity gain* User 2 User 4 Smart local traffic routing e.g. D2D on top of local cellular SC/UDN low cost deployment e.g. via self-backhauling User 3 User 5 User 2 User 4 10,000 x >10 Gbps 100 Mbps <1 ms x ultra low *) compared to static TD-LTE 10 years Dynamic TDD cmw and mmw air IF blue prints and PoC Part of ela concept adopted in METIS 18 Nokia Solutions and Networks 2015

19 Configurability One versatile and self-configurable radio for everything Flexible radio parameter setting for tailored QoE Diverse use cases Diverse deployments For all use cases E.g. different sub-frame lengths for different latency requirements OFDMA-based waveform Scalable carrier bandwidth Sub frame lengths For all deployment scenarios Different frequency bands, macro and small cells, -50% +30% (Low power) Wide area Crowd Outdoor Ultra-dense Indoor 10,000 x >10 Gbps 100 Mbps <1 ms x ultra low 10 years 19 Nokia Solutions and Networks 2015

20 People & Things Possibilities Versatile radio System of systems Practicalities Potentials Key to the programmable world 20 Nokia Solutions and Networks 2015

21 5G for people and things Key to the programmable world System of systems Network Slicing Massive machine communication Extreme Mobile Broadband Critical machine communication Dynamic experience management Servicedetermined connectivity Mobility on demand Fast traffic forwarding 21 Nokia Solutions and Networks 2015

HD video slice Connected car slice Smart Grid slice Network Slicing Optimized service delivery for heterogeneous use cases Multiple independent instances on one physical network E2e management

multiservice architecture design Cognitive Dynamic network level control & orchestration 10,000 x >10 Gbps 100 Mbps <1 ms 10-100 x ultra low *5G Novel Radio Multiservice adaptive network

22 HD video slice Connected car slice Smart Grid slice Network Slicing Optimized service delivery for heterogeneous use cases Multiple independent instances on one physical network E2e management & orchestration Security & Privacy Full automation and self-optimization Orchestrator Applications All kinds of NaaS business models Platforms Infrastructure Leader of 5GPPP NORMA* 5G multiservice architecture design Cognitive Dynamic network level control & orchestration 10,000 x >10 Gbps 100 Mbps <1 ms x ultra low *5G Novel Radio Multiservice adaptive network Architecture Distributed Content & processing where its needed Programmable Software-defined functions 10 years 5G ready AirFrame data enter Programmable core and transport 22 Nokia Solutions and Networks 2015

23 Fast traffic forwarding Enabling a new generation of latency critical services Lowest latency packet forwarding to UEs UEs Radio Aggregation Core 5G AP Moving virtual networks Mission-critical services, e.g. in V2X or industrial applications 5G AP2 5G AP Application server Central cloud based Mobile Edge LTE 5G Edge 5G D2D > 50 ms latency 10 ms 2,5 ms 1 ms Native D2D Mobile Edge cloud computing 10,000 x >10 Gbps 100 Mbps <1 ms x ultra low Core Cloud 10 years Vehicle2Infra trial on German motorway Vehicle2Infra live demos Pioneer in Mobile Edge Computing ETSI ISG Chair 23 Nokia Solutions and Networks 2015

24 Mobility on demand Highly efficient resource utilization TCO optimized use of network resources Centralized Core cloud Less traffic backhauling to centralized cloud Mobility anchor Local Radio cloud TCO optimization Best per service flexibility 30% of users are actually mobile 70% are nomadic / static devices High-speed mobility 10,000 x >10 Gbps 100 Mbps <1 ms x ultra low 10 years Reduce core network resources 24 Nokia Solutions and Networks 2015

25 People & Things Possibilities Versatile radio System of systems Practicalities Potentials Key to the programmable world 25 Nokia Solutions and Networks 2015

26 5G for people and things Key to the programmable world Practicalities Build on LTE Deployment Operability Timeline Designed for energy efficiency 26 Nokia Solutions and Networks 2015

27 < 6GHz Capacity> 6GHz Generation interlock LTE coverage and capacity boosted with 5G Network evolution study Manhattan Traffic increase: Inter Site Distances (m) 1000x 3000x 10,000x WA/small Small Small Economically feasible capacity for 10,000x traffic mmwave cmwave Grow with traffic demand while building on existing investments LTE / 5G WA 235/ / /117 Leverage LTE deployments for coverage and capacity Extensive deployment studies in NYC, Tokyo and Chicago 27 Nokia Solutions and Networks 2015

Energy Reduced CO2 footprint and flattened energy bill Energy aware cognitive networks Dynamic adaptation of active resources & network wide multi-layer, multi-technology energy management 30-40%

28 Energy Reduced CO2 footprint and flattened energy bill Energy aware cognitive networks Dynamic adaptation of active resources & network wide multi-layer, multi-technology energy management 30-40% energy savings Rural 3G Macro cell Offices 5G local area cell Shopping mall 5G local area cell Urban outdoor 4G medium cell t Network energy consumption research jointly with key operators Baseband Power amplifier innovations driving energy efficiency 28 Nokia Solutions and Networks 2015

5G from research to standards Expected standardization and regulation timelines 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 Nokia 5G vision Exploration System design & pre-study Standard

studies, evaluation and spec submission to ITU RAN phase 1 WI (Rel-15) RAN Phase 2 WI (Rel-16) Technology component performance understood Ready to commit to ITU-R requirements, evaluation

29 5G from research to standards Expected standardization and regulation timelines Nokia 5G vision Exploration System design & pre-study Standard definition 5G commercialization SA1 SI SA2 architecture SI SA/CT architecture and protocol WIs Propagation and channel modelling research outside 3GPP Ch-model SI RAN SI on reqs RAN technology studies, evaluation and spec submission to ITU RAN phase 1 WI (Rel-15) RAN Phase 2 WI (Rel-16) Technology component performance understood Ready to commit to ITU-R requirements, evaluation criteria and scenarios so components selected can meet WRC-15 (<6GHz) IMT-2020 Requirements ready, industry knows how they are met 3GPP agreement on what 5G consists of WRC Nokia Solutions and Networks 2015

30 People & Things Possibilities Versatile radio System of systems Practicalities Potentials Key to the programmable world 30 Nokia Solutions and Networks 2015

31 Reliability Different market characteristics Connections* ARPC** Churn Data pricing Connectivity Security Connecting people 11 billion Ø $30 per month ~ 35% overview activities often more Based on VOLUME of data Best effort QoE mgmt. Important Connecting things Tens of billions Ø $3 per month ~10% or less Based on VALUE of data SLAs Criticality Critical *) 2020; **) Nokia Solutions and Networks 2015

32 Business models powered by network performance, data and slicing Network Connectivity + Performance Connected Real time home work in cloud XXL broadband 8k Video beamer 4k Video UHD video Virtual presence Advanced monitoring Virtual reality + = content + tariffing / packaging Information brokering Data Augmented gaming Augmented dashboard Augmented reality Self driving T. mgmt. Traffic systems Logistics Factory automation Advanced logistics & production Waste mgmt. Smart grids Massive metering Network as a Service Slice Safety & Security Mobile living Utility & Energy Traffic Mgmt. Automotive Health Tailored vertical XaaS solutions Communication Logistics 32 Nokia Solutions and Networks 2015

33 Proven 5G concepts and prototypes available People & Things Possibilities Versatile radio System of systems Practicalities Potentials Opening the door for massive broadband and the next generation IoT One versatile radio for diverse use cases, deployments and frequency bands Powered by a programmable, cognitive and distributed architecture Leveraging LTE while reaching out to new performance levels Business models are powered by network performance, data and slicing 33 Nokia Solutions and Networks 2015

5G in the Automotive Industry A Telecoms Manufacture's view Preben Mogensen, Nokia Networks Fellow & Professor at Aalborg University

5G for people and things Key to the programmable world i 5G in the Automotive Industry A Telecoms Manufacture's view Preben Mogensen, Nokia Networks Fellow & Professor at Aalborg University 1 Nokia Solutions