OptiViewTM. Wireless Network Analyzer. Getting Started Guide

Transcription

1 OptiViewTM Wireless Network Analyzer PN August 2002, Rev. 3, 9/ Fluke Networks, Inc. All rights reserved. Printed in USA All product names are trademarks of their respective companies.

2 LIMITED WARRANTY & LIMITATION OF LIABILITY Each Fluke Networks product is warranted to be free from defects in material and workmanship under normal use and service. The warranty period is one year and begins on the date of purchase. Parts, accessories, product repairs and services are warranted for 90 days. This warranty extends only to the original buyer or end-user customer of a Fluke Networks authorized reseller, and does not apply to disposable batteries, cable connector tabs, cable insulation-displacement connectors, or to any product which, in Fluke Networks' opinion, has been misused, altered, neglected, contaminated, or damaged by accident or abnormal conditions of operation or handling. Fluke Networks warrants that software will operate substantially in accordance with its functional specifications for 90 days and that it has been properly recorded on non-defective media. Fluke Networks does not warrant that software will be error free or operate without interruption. Fluke Networks authorized resellers shall extend this warranty on new and unused products to end-user customers only but have no authority to extend a greater or different warranty on behalf of Fluke Networks. Warranty support is available only if product is purchased through a Fluke Networks authorized sales outlet or Buyer has paid the applicable international price. Fluke Networks reserves the right to invoice Buyer for importation costs of repair/replacement parts when product purchased in one country is submitted for repair in another country. Fluke Networks' warranty obligation is limited, at Fluke Networks' option, to refund of the purchase price, free of charge repair, or replacement of a defective product which is returned to a Fluke Networks authorized service center within the warranty period. To obtain warranty service, contact your nearest Fluke Networks authorized service center to obtain return authorization information, then send the product to that service center, with a description of the difficulty, postage and insurance prepaid (FOB Destination). Fluke Networks assumes no risk for damage in transit. Following warranty repair, the product will be returned to Buyer, transportation prepaid (FOB Destination). If Fluke Networks determines that failure was caused by neglect, misuse, contamination, alteration, accident or abnormal condition of operation or handling, or normal wear and tear of mechanical components, Fluke Networks will provide an estimate of repair costs and obtain authorization before commencing the work. Following repair, the product will be returned to the Buyer transportation prepaid and the Buyer will be billed for the repair and return transportation charges (FOB Shipping Point). THIS WARRANTY IS BUYER'S SOLE AND EXCLUSIVE REMEDY AND IS IN LIEU OF ALL OTHER WARRANTIES, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO ANY IMPLIED WARRANTY OF MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. FLUKE NETWORKS SHALL NOT BE LIABLE FOR ANY SPECIAL, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES OR LOSSES, INCLUDING LOSS OF DATA, ARISING FROM ANY CAUSE OR THEORY. Since some countries or states do not allow limitation of the term of an implied warranty, or exclusion or limitation of incidental or consequential damages, the limitations and exclusions of this warranty may not apply to every buyer. If any provision of this Warranty is held invalid or unenforceable by a court or other decision-maker of competent jurisdiction, such holding will not affect the validity or enforceability of any other provision. Fluke Networks, Inc. P.O. Box 9090 Everett, WA U.S.A. Fluke Europe B.V. P.O. Box BD Eindhoven The Netherlands 6-01

3 Table of Contents Title Page Introduction... 1 Before You Start... 1 Safety Information... 1 Contacting Fluke Networks Sales, Service, and Support Centers... 2 OptiView Wireless Network Analyzer Support... 2 OptiView Wireless Network Analyzer and Accessories... 3 Installing the OptiView Wireless Network Analyzer Software... 4 Moving the Software to Your OptiView Integrated Network Analyzer... 4 Downloading the Software File From the Fluke Networks Web Site Directly to the Analyzer... 5 Transferring the Software from your PC to the Analyzer... 5 Configuring for a Point-to-Point Connection... 5 Using the Analyzer s TFTP Server Application to Transfer the Software from your PC to the Analyzer... 6 Mapping a Drive and Transferring the Software File from your PC to the Analyzer... 8 Installing the Software on the Analyzer... 9 Installing the Wireless LAN Card Using the OptiView Wireless Network Analyzer Starting the OptiView Wireless Network Analyzer Initial Setup WNA Modes of Operation Setting Up the Authorization List Selecting the Country Location Packet Capture Installing a Replacement Bail on an Older OptiView Analyzer Troubleshooting Your Analyzer Resetting and Powering the Analyzer Completely Off Resetting the Analyzer Forcing Power Off i

4 OptiView TM Before Calling Technical Support Do you suspect Windows has locked up? Do you suspect the analyzer has locked up? Does the analyzer power-up? Does the taskbar overlay WNA? Does the Windows wireless setup not support your network s security settings? Known Issues/Limitations Using the Built-in Help System Accessing and Navigating the Help System WLAN Card Specifications ii

5 Introduction OptiView Wireless Network Analyzer, hereafter referred to as the "analyzer", brings the ruggedness, portability, and ease-of-use of the OptiView TM Network Analyzer to wireless LANs. Whether you re designing your first wireless LAN deployment, detecting rogue Access Points, verifying a recent installation, monitoring or troubleshooting wireless connectivity problems, the OptiView Wireless Network Analyzer gives you the vision you need to manage your wireless network. The OptiView Wireless Network Analyzer is equipped with a wireless network access card that supports a/b/g specifications. Before You Start Safety Information The OptiView Wireless Network Analyzer complies with: FCC part 64, class A FCC part 15, class A Refer to the back of the Wireless LAN card for compliance symbols. W PLEASE READ MANUAL FOR SAFETY WWarnings To avoid possible electric shock or personal injury, follow these guidelines: Do not operate the product around explosive gas, vapor or dust. If this product is used in a manner not specified by the manufacturer, the protection provided by the product may be impaired. 1

6 OptiView TM Contacting Fluke Networks Sales, Service, and Support Centers Visit the Fluke Networks website at Send to For operator assistance in the USA, call FLUKE ( ). To order accessories or get the location of the nearest Fluke Networks distributor or service center, call: Anywhere in the world: Australia: 61 (2) or 61 (3) Beijing: 86 (10) Brazil: Canada: FLUKE ( ) Europe: Hong Kong: Japan: Korea: Singapore: Taiwan: (886) USA: FLUKE ( ) OptiView Wireless Network Analyzer Support As a registered user, you are entitled to entry level product support, including three free telephone support incidents during the first 60 days of ownership, access to entry level online Knowledge Base library of product operation and Software information, and Web-based trouble ticketing. We will also be sending you Fluke Networks company and product information updates. Please take the time to register your analyzer. A registration card is supplied in the shipping box. You can also register by going to click on support, then click on Registration. A Log in screen is displayed. Click on create to setup an account password if you have not done so before. Then you will be able to log in using your address and password. Once logged in, you can fill out the online registration form by clicking on Register a product, selecting OptiView Models, selecting Select a Model, and choosing OptiView Wireless Network Analyzer. 2

7 . Wireless Network Analyzer OptiView Wireless Network Analyzer and Accessories OptiView Wireless Network Analyzer and Accessories apo01f.eps Item Description Model/Part Number A Wireless LAN Adapter a/b/g Wireless LAN PCMCIA card B CD-ROM OptiView Wireless Network Analyzer CD- ROM. Contains installation software and documents. C OptiView Wireless Network Analyzer Registration Card Provides basic operating information, accessory part numbers, and specifications for the OptiView Wireless Network Analyzer. Fluke Networks can serve you best by registering online at If you cannot register online, please fill out and return the supplied registration card. Warranty Card Factory 1 year warranty. N/A For OptiView Classic Analyzers, the following is also included in the kit: CD-ROM Bail Stylus OptiView Series II Integrated Network Analyzer Getting Started Guide OptiView Resource CD-ROM. Contains the latest OptiView Analyzer installation software. : The OptiView TM Integrated Network Analyzer installation software version must be 3.52 or greater. OptiView TM Integrated Network Analyzer replacement bail. Used with Wireless LAN Adapter. Stylus used on the OptiView TM Integrated Network Analyzer touch panel display. Provides basic operating information, accessory part numbers, and specifications for the OptiView Integrated Network Analyzer Figure 1. The OptiView Wireless Network Analyzer and Supplied Accessories 3

8 OptiView TM Installing the OptiView Wireless Network Analyzer Software If the OptiView Wireless Network Analyzer icon does not appear on your OptiView Series II Integrated Network Analyzer desktop, you will need to install the software. There are three steps involved in the installation: Move the self-extracting software file onto the Analyzer's hard disk Install the software on the Analyzer Installing the Wireless LAN Adapter card The OptiView Wireless Network Analyzer software must be installed BEFORE installing the a/b/g Wireless LAN Card. Older OptiView Integrated Network Analyzers (running Win98) must be running with OptiView software version 3.52 or greater. All newer OptiView Series II Analyzers work with the OptiView Wireless Network Analyzer application. Moving the Software to Your OptiView Integrated Network Analyzer There are three methods for moving the software file: Copy the file from your OptiView Wireless Network Analyzer CD to your analyzer using an external USB CD-ROM drive Copy the file from your OptiView Wireless Network Analyzer CD to your PC, and then transfer the file to the Analyzer using one of the methods listed below: Use a direct point-to-point connection From the Analyzer, use Microsoft Networking to map a drive on the PC, and copy the file to the Analyzer (analyzer and PC must be in same subnet) Transfer the software file to the Analyzer Using the Analyzer s TFTP Server software Download the software file from the Fluke Networks Web Site directly to the Analyzer Once the software file is on your Analyzer, you will need to install it as described in Installing the Software on the Analyzer. 4

9 Wireless Network Analyzer Installing the OptiView Wireless Network Analyzer Software Downloading the Software File From the Fluke Networks Web Site Directly to the Analyzer If your Analyzer is connected to a network that has Internet connectivity, perform this procedure. 1. Connect the Analyzer to your network and correctly configure the IP configuration. Refer to the Analyzer documentation for help if needed. 2. Start your web browser and point it at the following Fluke Networks web page: are.htm 3. Select the OptiView Wireless Network Analyzer link to download the software file to your Analyzer. 4. You are now ready to Install the Software on the Analyzer. Transferring the Software from your PC to the Analyzer You can transfer the software file from your PC to the Analyzer either by: Using a Point-to-Point Connection to transfer the software file Using the Analyzer s TFTP Server application to transfer the software file Mapping a drive and copying the software file to the Analyzer Configuring for a Point-to-Point Connection If you are connecting the Analyzer directly to your PC's network interface card (NIC) through an Ethernet connection, you will need to configure the Analyzer and PC Network Properties. If your PC is using a static address, you will need to configure the Analyzer to the same subnet, and select an IP address (that is different than the PC IP address). To do so, perform the following: 1. Go to your PC's Network Properties window and determine what the IP address and subnet (mask) are set to. 2. Go to the Analyzer Setup TCP/IP screen and set the Source and Mask addresses. You do not need to set the router address. The Mask needs to be set to the same subnet as the PC, and the Source address needs to be set to an unused IP address. You should see link on the Analyzer once these settings are set. 5

10 OptiView TM If your PC is configured for DHCP, it will "time out" after several minutes to the Microsoft default address. Follow the procedures above to configure the Analyzer to the same subnet, and different IP address. Some Ethernet card vendors' auto speed detection may conflict with the Analyzer's auto speed detection. In this case, manually set the Analyzer link speed to 10Mb half duplex in the Analyzer's Setup Ethernet screen. If this does not work, manually set the PC NIC to 10Mb half duplex. Using the Analyzer s TFTP Server Application to Transfer the Software from your PC to the Analyzer If you are connecting the Analyzer directly to your PC via an Ethernet connection, see the section Configuring for a Point-to-Point Connection. 1. Make sure the PC and Analyzer have a valid IP configuration. Do not change the Analyzer IP configuration for the TCP/IP -> Intel 8255x-based PCI Ethernet Adapter (10/100). The IP must stay at or the Analyzer will not work. 2. On the Windows desktop of your Analyzer, select Start Programs Start TFTP Server. The TFTPD32 by Ph. Jounin server dialog is displayed as shown below: Figure 2. TFTP Startup Screen apo02s.bmp 6

11 Wireless Network Analyzer Installing the OptiView Wireless Network Analyzer Software Do not change the server address This is an internal IP address used by the Analyzer to communicate with the PC portion of the Analyzer. 3. Select Settings. The Tftpd32: Settings dialog is displayed as shown below: Figure 3. TFTP Setup Screen 4. Set Security to None. 5. Specify an Analyzer Base Directory (D:\temp recommended) for the OPVWNA- V2.EXE file to be copied to. If you put the OptiView Wireless Network Analyzer software on the D: drive, you can perform a disk recovery on the C: drive and not lose the OptiView Wireless Network Analyzer setup file. 6. Select OK to save the settings. 7. On your PC, open a DOS window. 8. Change directories to the directory where the OPVWNA-V2.EXE file resides. 9. Type tftp -i <ip address> PUT OPVWNA-V2.EXE, and press Enter. The <ip address> is the IP address of the Analyzer as shown in the OptiView Front Page screen, not the IP address shown above. apo03s.bmp 7

12 OptiView TM 10. On the Analyzer, close the TFTP server dialog to terminate the TFTP session. 11. You are now ready to Install the Software on the Analyzer. Mapping a Drive and Transferring the Software File from your PC to the Analyzer Microsoft Networking allows you to share a folder on your PC as a network drive that you can then access across your local network from your Analyzer, thus allowing you to copy the software file from your PC to the Analyzer. You may need to first go to the Network Properties on your Analyzer (right-click on the Desktop Network Neighborhood and select Properties), highlight Clients for Microsoft Networking and select Properties, and setup Logon Validation for your network domain. Then you will need to restart the Analyzer and log into your network domain. The file sharing procedure is slightly different for each Windows operating system. Generally, you will need to perform the following procedure on your PC: 1. On your PC, determine the directory to be shared (default is C:\temp) that contains the software file OPVWNA-V2.EXE. From Windows Explorer, set the folder to be shared by right-clicking on the folder name and selecting the Sharing tab. Select the Shared As: radio button and enter a Share Name. You don t actually have to copy the software file to the PC hard disk before transferring it to the Analyzer. You can map the CD-ROM drive and copy the file directly from the OptiView Wireless Network Analyzer CD to the Analyzer. 2. Connect the Analyzer to the same local network as the PC. 3. On the Analyzer, open Windows Explorer. 4. Select Tools Map Network Drive. 5. In the Path field, enter the IP address of the PC followed by the Share Name (e.g. \\ \sharename.) Click OK when done. 6. Copy the file OPVWNA-V2.EXE from your PC to the Analyzer (recommended is d:\temp.) 7. You are now ready to Install the Software on the Analyzer. 8

13 Wireless Network Analyzer Installing the OptiView Wireless Network Analyzer Software Installing the Software on the Analyzer After the file OPVWNA-V2.EXE has been copied to the Analyzer (preferably to the D: drive), perform the following steps to complete the installation: The Wireless Network Analyzer PCMCIA Card must NOT be installed in the analyzer during the software installation. After the software installation, the card can be inserted into the PCMCIA slot. Windows will then detect the card and add it as new hardware using the correct driver. 1. Run OPVWNA-V2.EXE file. 2. Follow the InstallShield Wizard instructions to install the software. Reboot the Analyzer as indicated in the InstallShield Wizard. 3. Once the Analyzer reboots, stop the OptiView application if it is running. Running both the OptiView application and the OptiView Wireless Network Analyzer at the same time is NOT recommended. 4. Install the a/b/g wireless LAN card in the PCMCIA slot on the side of the OptiView Integrated Network Analyzer. The New Hardware Wizard will detect the card and properly configure the Analyzer. 5. Click on the OptiView Wireless Network Analyzer icon to start the software. 9

14 OptiView TM Installing the Wireless LAN Card The OptiView Wireless Network Analyzer software must be installed BEFORE installing the a/b/g Wireless LAN Card. The WLAN PC Card is installed in the PC Card (PCMCIA) card slot located on the right side of the OptiView TM Integrated Network Analyzer. When inserting the card, make sure it is aligned and installed properly in the slot holder. It should slide in freely. Do not force it into the slot. Figure 4. Wireless LAN Card Installation apo06f.eps 10

15 Wireless Network Analyzer Installing the Wireless LAN Card If you are running Windows Service Pack 2 on Windows XP, and the firewall is turned on, you will be prompted with the following screen after the WLAN card has been inserted for the first time: Figure 5. Forcing Windows to Look for the WLAN Card Driver Locally apo30s.bmp Select No, not at this time, and select Next. On OptiView Series II analyzers, running Windows XP, you will also be prompted with the following message telling you that the driver has not passed Windows testing. Press Continue Anyway to complete the installation: Figure 6. Hardware Installation Message apo31s.bmp 11

16 OptiView TM Using the OptiView Wireless Network Analyzer Starting the OptiView Wireless Network Analyzer At the desktop, press the OptiView Wireless Network Analyzer (OPVWNA-V2) icon to launch the software. The OptiView WNA, running on an OptiView Classic ( running Windows 98), and the OptiView TM Integrated Network Analyzer software should not be run at the same time. Shut down the OptiView TM Integrated Network Analyzer user interface software before starting the OptiView Wireless Network Analyzer software. If you are running Windows Service Pack 2 on the Windows XP operating system, the firewall should be turned off for efficient discovery. If the firewall is turned on, you will be prompted with the following screen after launching the software: apo32s.bmp Figure 7. Allowing Discovery Through the Windows XP Firewall Select Unblock to allow limited discovery by the OptiView Wireless Network Analyzer on the wireless network. The wireless discovery will take about a minute longer to update the screen and some discovery will be compromised. If you select Keep Blocking, no discovery will take place. 12

17 Wireless Network Analyzer Using the OptiView Wireless Network Analyzer The firewall security settings are configured in the Windows Security Center screen. Select the icon (in the taskbar) to open the Windows Security Center screen. At the bottom of this screen, select Windows Firewall. It is in this screen that you can turn off or on the firewall. Within this screen, the Exceptions tab allows you to turn on and off the OptiView Wireless Network Analyzer program block. Upon a successful launch of the software, the OptiView Wireless Network Analyzer Front Page will appear as shown below. Monitoring of your WLAN is automatically started. Access Points present on your wireless network are discovered and displayed. apo33s.bmp Figure 8. OptiView Wireless Network Analyzer Front Page Screen The top of the screen gives immediate visibility into the security level and potential security vulnerabilities. The lower-left area of the screen displays discovery information about the highlighted device. : IP and Name information can be discovered if the analyzer has been configured to autolink using a default SSID. See the Wireless Discovery Process section later in this guide for more details. Key configuration parameters are displayed. 13

18 OptiView TM The overall network health is displayed by continuously monitoring a/b/g channels and reporting key statistics important for maintaining your network (e.g., signal strength, retry rates, signal-to-noise, etc.). Initial Setup The color coding and icon legend on the Front Page screen and throughout the user interface can be viewed by pressing the Legend button located at the bottom of the screen. The icons shown to the left of the SSID list are designed to provide immediate visibility into potential unauthorized use of your network by unauthorized devices. Device authorization is configured in the Details Authorization screen. indicates the device is set to Authorized indicates the device has been set to Neighbor indicates the device has been set to Unauthorized Initially, all devices are set to Unauthorized. See Setting Up the Authorization List on page 16. Country selection and global settings are configured in the Setup Options screen. Global settings include: Enable Active Channel Scan - This allows you to disable the wireless card from transmitting and actively querying devices for richer discovery when the Scanning indicator is shown in the upper-right corner of the screen. Enable Vendor Prefix for MAC - When this is selected, the vendor prefix (if known) is displayed along with the last 3 bytes of the MAC address. When this is not selected, the entire MAC address is displayed as a hexadecimal value. Show signal strength in dbm - When this is selected, signal strength is displayed in dbm units. When this is not selected, the signal strength is displayed as a percentage. Enable Control Frame Packet Parsing Turns on and off the display of control frames in the Top Talkers and Packet Stats screens. Enable Sounds for Wireless Discovery Events When enabled, SSIDs that become inactive for a specified time (see next item), are discovered for the first time, or are re-discovered from an inactive state will cause a beep to occur. 14

19 Wireless Network Analyzer Using the OptiView Wireless Network Analyzer Remove Devices not seen for <time> - This is the time that a device can be inactive before the device will be removed from the list of discovered devices. Inactive devices are shown in red in the Link SSID and Authorization screens. WNA Modes of Operation Depending on what screen you are viewing, the OptiView Wireless Network Analyzer operates in the following three different modes. Active Channel Scan is the active and default state for the Front Page, Channels and Survey screens. In Active Channel Scan mode, the wireless radio card steps (sweeps) through all channels (250 msec each channel) and then performs an active scan (sends out a probe request from for Access Points to respond) at the end of sweep. To disable the active phase option while scanning, navigate to the Setup Options screen and uncheck Enable Active Channel Scan. Monitor mode is the active state for all Detail screens except the Top Talkers screen. While in Monitor mode, the WLAN card is parked on a channel and reporting key packet and WLAN statistics. This includes packet type and destination, retries, utilization and signal strength. An inventory of WLAN devices and details about their configuration (passively discovered) is also provided. Linked mode is the active state for all the Tools screens, and the part-time state on the Front Page screen. When a Tools screen is selected, you will be asked to link (or connect) to an Access Point (SSID). When you leave any of the Tools screens, the link with the SSID will be disabled. On the Front Page screen, periodically, link will be re-established for about 15 seconds with the default and configured SSID, and then it resumes Active Channel Scan. To enable active discovery of WLAN devices, select the default SSID for autolink from the list and then select the Default SSID button. The configured default SSID will be indicated by an * next to the SSID name. Green text indicates the SSID is the active default SSID. You may also select a default SSID from the Detail Authorization screen. Highlight an SSID and select the Default SSID button. The default SSID is set up by going to a Tools screen and selecting the Link to button. Select an SSID and select Edit Security Enter any security settings such as WEP or WPA/RADIUS settings and press OK. Then select the Link button to link with it. 15

20 OptiView TM Setting Up the Authorization List The Detail Authorization screen allows you to configure the application to aid in the detection of rogue Access Points or Clients. All discovered devices are initially classified as Unauthorized (rogue). You can use the Detail Authorization screen to re-classify them as Authorized or Neighbor. A Neighbor (checkmark) is a classification of a device that is neither Authorized or Unauthorized. A discovered device owned by an adjacent company is typically classified as a Neighbor device. apo34s.bmp Figure 9. Authorization Screen To change an SSID s authorization icon that will be displayed to the left of the SSID: 1. From the Selected SSID list (left column), highlight an SSID. 2. Click on the Authorized or Neighbor radio button. 3. Select the Add Active button. Changes are automatically applied when you exit this screen. You may also establish or change a device s authorization status from the Detail Network and Detail Client screens. From these screens, select the drop-down found next to the device and choose its authorization category. See next page. 16

21 Wireless Network Analyzer Using the OptiView Wireless Network Analyzer apo35s.bmp See the on-line Help for a more in depth explanation of this screen s use. Selecting the Country Location Caution Channel selection based on the country is an easily modified configuration accessed in the analyzer's Setup menu (Setup Options). Based on this information, only those channels that are allowed for the selected country are displayed as legal channels. IT IS YOUR RESPONSIBILTY TO USE ONLY LEGAL CHANNELS. The first task that needs to be done after starting the OptiView Wireless Network Analyzer is the country selection. This is configured in the Setup Options screen. Country selection determines which channels are displayed as legal and illegal. The default country is the United States. Channels that are illegal for a country are displayed in red throughout all screens. apo38s.bmp Figure 10. Options Screen Country Selection Drop-Down List 17

22 . OptiView TM Packet Capture Figure 11. Packet Capture Screen apo36s.bmp The OptiView Wireless Network Analyzer packet capture capability allows you to find more complex problems exhibited between devices on your WLAN. The Capture screen allows you to perform packet captures on the selected source and destination devices. Once a packet capture has been taken, you can view it by pressing the View Capture... button. Capture files are temporarily saved until the OptiView Wireless Network Analyzer is shut down. Press the Save File button to permanently save the packet capture file. The file is saved by default to C:\Program Files\Fluke Networks\OptiView\Captures and has a.cap extension. If you are including data in the frames you are capturing (Data is checked) and you want WNA to decrypt the data packets for a particular SSID, then the WEP or WPA settings for the SSID must be configured in the Security Settings screen before performing a packet capture. The Security Settings screen is accessed by going to the Tools Link screen and pressing the Link To button. Select the SSID you want to set the WEP or WPA security settings on, and press the Edit Security button. If this has not been done, the data taken during the packet capture may contain undecryptable frames. To check if WEP is used for an Access Point, go to the Front Page screen and see if WEP or WPA is being used by devices on the SSID. If you select a WPA device, you will also be asked to link to the device if you have Data checked. Linking to a WPA device enables the capture to decrypt broadcast packets, multicast packets, and unicast packets that are destined for the analyzer. 18

23 Wireless Network Analyzer Packet Capture If you have accessed the Capture screen through the Capture button, located throughout the Wireless Network Analyzer user interface, that source and/or destination device will populate the Source and Destination fields in this screen. The default is <Any>, which is equivalent to all devices. Under special circumstances, two Access Points with the same SSID on the same channel can be linked together in "bridge mode." Normally, you would not select both the source and destination devices to be both Access Points. Client to client capturing is not supported. Access Point to Any, and Access Point to client are supported. The Source and Destination field allows you to specify the source device and destination device MAC addresses between which packets will be captured. You may also select a device and then check to exclude that device's packet capture activity. All other devices will be included in the capture. The Front Page screen shows both the device name and MAC address. - Select this radio button to filter only on packets being sent from the left address to the right address. - Select this radio button to filter only on packets being sent from the right address to the left address. - Select this radio button to filter on all packets being sent between the two different addresses. Channel - The channel number is automatically resolved when you select or enter a MAC address. The Source and Destination devices must be on the same channel or a warning popup will display indicating that data can only be captured between two wireless devices on the same channel communicating with each other. The Channel selection list box is populated with the channel number of the last device (Source or Destination) selected. Remember, both devices must be using the same channel number. Slice Size - Determines how much of the packet is captured. The first 128, 256, 512 bytes can be captured, or Full Packets can be captured. Total Frames - Shows the number of frames captured. With Undecryptable un-checked, Total Frames is the sum of FCS Errors, Total Captures and Undecryptable packets. If Undecryptable is checked, Total Frames is the sum of only Total Captures and FCS Errors. 19

24 OptiView TM FCS Errors - Shows the number of Frame Check Sum (FCS) errors detected. A high number of FCS errors may indicate you are too far from the Access Point (low signal strength), or the access point has too much traffic (need to add/move Access Points). Total Captures - Show the total number captures in packets. Undecryptable - Shows the number of packets which were encrypted with WEP/WPA and were undecryptable possibly due to either incorrect WEP/WPA settings or different access point than the one the analyzer is linked to. - Press this button to restore the Capture settings to their default settings. -This is the capture filter. You can filter on Management/Beacon, Control, or Data Frames. Within Data Frames, you can select to view (or not view) Undecryptable data frames. -Starts packet capturing on data between the specified Source and Destination devices. Press Stop Capture to terminate the capture. Leaving the Capture screen also terminates the capture. Based on the devices selected in the Source and Destination list and the filter selection (Management, Beacon, Control, and Data), frames are captured. - Launches the packet viewer application on the current packet capture. If the capture buffer is empty (no packet capture has been performed), the packet viewer will display "Empty Capture." Within the packet viewer application, you may manually load saved packet captures by pressing File Open and pointing at the capture file (.CAP). Packet captures are saved to the default directory C:\Program Files\Fluke Networks\OptiView\Captures. - Saves the capture file (filename.cap) to the default directory C:\Program Files\Fluke Networks\OptiView\Captures. - Saves the Name table file (filename.nam) to the default directory C:\Program Files\Fluke Networks\OptiView\Captures. The Name table file contains names associated with known hexadecimal representations. When you manually open a packet capture file, you should also open the Name table file. 20

25 Wireless Network Analyzer Installing a Replacement Bail on an Older OptiView Analyzer Installing a Replacement Bail on an Older OptiView Analyzer With the bail nearly closed on the analyzer, grip one side of the bail by where it pivots on the analyzer and gently pull. It should pop out with little effort. Do the same for the opposite side. See figure 10 below. Caution The bail must be nearly shut before removing or installing, or damage may occur to the analyzer case. With the new analyzer bail placed in the nearly shut position, install it one side at a time by placing the pivot arm in the pivot hole on the analyzer and gently pushing until it pops into the hole and pivots freely. Do the same for the other side. Stylus Figure 12. OptiView Wireless Network Analyzer Bail Removal apo04f.eps 21

26 OptiView TM Troubleshooting Your Analyzer Resetting and Powering the Analyzer Completely Off If you suspect the Windows environment has locked up, you may have to reset the analyzer. This is done by pressing the Reset button. If you are not sure if the Windows environment or the analyzer (hardware) has locked up, you may have to completely power-down the analyzer by forcing the power off as described below. Resetting the Analyzer The Reset button resets the Windows portion of the analyzer without shutting down the data acquisition board. The Reset button should only be used if the Windows environment has stopped responding. Forcing Power Off Power can be forced off by pressing and holding the On/Off button for approximately 7 seconds. Reset button RESET apo05f.eps Figure 13. Reset Button Location 22

27 Before Calling Technical Support Before calling technical support, you can perform these basic analyzer troubleshooting steps to pinpoint many problems: Do you suspect Windows has locked up? If yes, press the Reset button. Wireless Network Analyzer Troubleshooting Your Analyzer Do you suspect the analyzer has locked up? If yes, completely power-down the analyzer. See Forcing Power Off on page 22. Does the analyzer power-up? Connect the AC adapter/charger to determine if the internal battery (or internal and external batteries) is the culprit. The analyzer will not power-up if the batteries are completely discharged. If the analyzer only powers up with the AC adapter connected, the internal battery may be completely discharged. The external battery has a charge indicator on the underside of the battery pack. The external battery will need to be removed from the analyzer to view the charge indicator. Press the charge indicator button to determine if the external battery is charged. Does the taskbar overlay WNA? On OptiView Classics, running Windows 98, if the bottom portion of the OptiView Wireless Network Analyzer is covered by the taskbar, you will need to change the taskbar setting from Always on top to Auto hide (hidden). To do this, right-click in the taskbar (without a mouse, select the icon in the taskbar to perform a right-click). In the Taskbar Options tab, select Auto hide, then select OK. Does the Windows wireless setup not support your network s security settings? If your OptiView Analyzer is running Windows XP Service Pack 1, and the Windows security settings do not support your wireless network, you may have to go to and download the wireless patches. These patches are included in Service Pack 2. Known Issues/Limitations 1. When doing a capture within a WPA environment, the analyzer can decrypt Broadcast frames (UI will ask you to link). Frames not destined for the analyzer can not be decrypted. 23

28 OptiView TM 2. If you are analyzing multiple Access Points with different security configuration (WEP keys, WPA certificate, WPA passphrase, User ID and password), IP address, Name and Packet Stats will not be discovered for those devices with a different WEP key than the one currently set in the OptiView Wireless Network Analyzer Setup Configuration screen. 3. In the Capture screen, the Source/Destination MAC filter supports Access Point, and Access Point to client filtering. It does not support client-toclient filtering. Entering two client MAC addresses will yield unexpected results. 4. Decoder issue:! Shows incorrect Source/Destination MAC addresses if the option "Configuration, Display, Display Network Address" is not checked. Using the Built-in Help System Accessing and Navigating the Help System The help system is an integral part of the OptiView Wireless Network Analyzer. While using the analyzer user interface, help can be accessed by selecting the Help button located on the bottom-right of the user interface screen. When the Help is launched, the current screen topic is displayed. You can also select a topic from the Contents (left pane), choose an Index entry, or perform a full text Search on any analyzer help topic or term. You can also press the Back and Forward buttons to move to and from previous viewed topics. The Hide button collapses the left pane of the Help screen giving you more room to view Help topics. The Hide button is replaced by the Show button. The Show button expands the left pane of the Help screen. The Print button allows you to either print the selected topic or print the selected heading and all subtopics. 24

29 Wireless Network Analyzer WLAN Card Specifications WLAN Card Specifications Table 1. Fluke Networks Wireless LAN Adapter Specifications Standards Conformity IEEE a, b and g Frequency Range 11a: 4.9~5.925GHz, 11b/g: 2.412~2.484GHz Type Modulation Technique Status LEDs Device Drivers Operating Voltage Dimensions (mm) ±1; Weight (g) PC Card 32 bit Card Bus BPSK / QPSK / 16QAM/ 64QAM/, DBPSK/ DQPSK/ CCK PWR- powered on LINK- link status Support Windows 98/ME/ 2000/XP DC3.3V 115mmx 54mm x 7.5mm; 41g Media Access Protocol Data Rate (Mbps) Security Receiver Sensitivity (Typically) Output Power (Typically) Coverage Area IEEE Mbps to 54Mbps for 11a, 1Mbps to 11Mbps for 11b, 1Mbps to 54Mbps for 11g, WEP: Support 64-bit & 128-bit encryptions WPA -68dBm@ -65dBm@ 54Mbps@11g -76dBm@ 54Mbps@11b 13dBm@ 54 Mbps 17dBm@ 11 Mbps Indoor 100m Outdoor 400m Certification FCC, CE, Antenna Chips antenna Relative Humidity Warranty 10% to 90% Temperature 1-year warranty limited Operating: 0 o C to 50 o C Storage: 20 o C to 70 o 25

30 OptiView TM 26