Omendra K. Govind ALTTC, INDIA

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1 ITU CoE Progam Cybersecurity May 2018 Key Aspects of Cybersecurity in the Context of IoT IoT Roadmap and Security Omendra K. Govind ALTTC, INDIA

2 Agenda Introduction to IoT IoT Technolgies and challenges ITU Standards M2M / IoT Standardization activities India IoT Roadmap and Security 2

3 IoT Definition A global infrastructure for the information society, enabling advanced services by interconnecting (physical and virtual) things based on existing and evolving interoperable information and communication technologies Note1 - Through the exploitation of identification, data capture, processing and communication capabilities, the IoT makes full use of things to offer services to all kinds of applications, whilst ensuring that security and privacy requirements are fulfilled. Note 2 From a broader perspective, the IoT can be perceived as a vision with technological and societal implications. Source: ITU-T Y.2060 (06/2012)

4 Introduction New dimension introduced in the IoT Device Types and their relationship with physical things Gateway Services Technical Overview Sensor Node IoT Architecture Source: ITU-T Y.2060 (06/2012)

Fundamental Characteristics / Requirement of IoT Interconnec tivity

Enormous scale Fundamental Characteristics of IoT Thingsrelated

Location-based capabilities High quality and highly secure human body

5 Fundamental Characteristics / Requirement of IoT Interconnec tivity Identification-based connectivity Interoperability Autonomic networking Enormous scale Fundamental Characteristics of IoT Thingsrelated services Autonomic services provisioning Privacy protection Location-based capabilities High quality and highly secure human body related services Security Plug and play Dynamic changes Heterogeneity Manageability Source: ITU

6 Enabling Technologies and Drivers for IoT Ubiquitous Connectivity Widespread Adoption of IP-based Networking Computing Economics Miniaturization Advances In Data Analytics Rise of Cloud Computing

IoT Elements Identification Sensing Communication Computation Services Semantics Object ID Addressing Gatherning Data from related objects Using low power Processing units

7 IoT Elements Identification Sensing Communication Computation Services Semantics Object ID Addressing Gatherning Data from related objects Using low power Processing units and Software Applications represent brain and computational ability of IoT Use cases Ability to extract knoweldge smartly by different machines to provide the required services

8 M2M / IoT applications 8

9 IoT Applications Vertical Markets Domain Specific Applications Horizontal Markets Ubiquitous computing and analytical services

Building blocks of IoT Internet of Things is the organization of objects and things into a Internet like structure and enables: 1. The virtualization of everyday objects, 2.

10 Building blocks of IoT Internet of Things is the organization of objects and things into a Internet like structure and enables: 1. The virtualization of everyday objects, 2. Endowing physical and virtual objects with an identity, 3. And interconnecting the objects for the purpose of monitoring and interacting with them. Objects Translation Connectivity Platforms Applications Consumer electronics Sensing devices Embedded Systems and Controllers Virtual Objects Source: Frost & Sullivan Wireless sensor networks, short range sensors and capture devices Wireless transmitting devices/ modules Personal Computers and Smartphones Wired and Wireless Networks Enterprise and SP Gateways Network Management Data Centers Discovery management Identity management Device management Performance management Applications Domain specific applications Enterprise application (ERP, CRM, SCM) Social networking apps Analytics Mature Developing Mature Developing Emerging

11 Generic M2M / IoT Network Architecture Model M2M Layer DEVICE GATEWAY PLATFORM HEADEND APPLICATIONS M2M Gateway M2M Platform IGG IPP Devices (Sensors/Actua tors) IDG M2M IGP M2M IPA Gateway Platform M2M HeadEnd Applications UNDERLYING NETWORK IMN Network Services

12 Five main challenges in IoT IoT Roadmap and Security 12

13 Various Communication Technologies Source: KEYSIGHT

14 IoT Communication Technologies Fixed & Short Range RFID Bluetooth Zigbee WiFi Long Range technologies Non 3GPP Standards (LPWAN) LoRaWAN Sigfox Weightless RPMA Others 3GPP Standards LTE-M EC-GSM NB-IoT 5G IoT Roadmap and Security 14

15 IMT 2020 IoT Roadmap and Security 15

16 IoT Communications Models Device-To-Device Communications Device-To-Cloud Communications Device-to-Gateway Model Back-End Data Sharing Model IAB RFC Architectural Considerations in Smart Object Networking

17 IoT Standardisation Challenge- Many related vertical and horizontal activities

18 IoT Roadmap and Security 18

19 IoT Roadmap and Security 19

20 IoT Roadmap and Security 20

21 IoT Roadmap and Security 21

22 IoT Roadmap and Security 22

23 Mapping objects to identifiers IoT Reference Model IoT Roadmap and Security 23

Interoperability and Open Interfaces MetCalfe s Law The value of the network is proportional to the square of the number of its nodes while cost follows a more or less linear functions Rec. ITU-T Y.

Interoperability allows: Increase in the number of services provided and their quality. Enables provision of better services, maximum efficiency, scalability and simple integration.

24 Interoperability and Open Interfaces MetCalfe s Law The value of the network is proportional to the square of the number of its nodes while cost follows a more or less linear functions Rec. ITU-T Y.4200 defines the requirements for the interoperability of a smart city platform and its reference points in order to ensure the correct functioning of city services. Interoperability allows: Increase in the number of services provided and their quality. Enables provision of better services, maximum efficiency, scalability and simple integration. Interoperability with other platforms will encourage local economic development through innovation and competition. Platform based integration, open standards and open source are key Reference framework of an SCP Source: Rec. ITU-T Y.4201 (02/2018) 24

25 Security and Privacy concern Security Massive Scale, Homogeniety, Anticipated Service Life, Cyber Security issues, Physical security, BYIoT Privacy Users privacy preferences and data collecting behavior Interoperability and Standards Proprietary ecosystems and consumer choice Legal, Regulatory, and Rights Issues Challenges that didn t previously existed, IPR

26 IoT Roadmap and Security 26

Domain Knowledge Vertical and Horizonal Insight The data can be provided back to the devices, people, or analysis programs to build further insight.

Data Flood - IoT is opening the networks that were previously closed, making them more vulnerable to the hackers Analytics - Think beyond conventional business intelligence tools eg.

27 Domain Knowledge Vertical and Horizonal Insight The data can be provided back to the devices, people, or analysis programs to build further insight. There can be continuous flow of data, travelling between devices, networks, and gateways. Data Flood - IoT is opening the networks that were previously closed, making them more vulnerable to the hackers Analytics - Think beyond conventional business intelligence tools eg. Medical emergency data needs to analyse in real time Complexity - IoT technology will connect equipment and devices that have never been connected before, and hence, there must be ease in the design and development to have more connections. The technologies required to create intelligent systems can get extremely complex and broad, and to provide seamless experience, the solutions need to be customized to some extent. IoT Roadmap and Security 27

28 M2M / IoT Standardization activities India

29 M2M / IoT Roadmap National Telecom M2M roadmap released (2015). The National Telecom M2M Roadmap will lead to A reference document to all M2M eco system stakeholders in India Single Government interface for optimum planning of networks in smart infrastructure Unambiguous roles and responsibilities for various stakeholders including Government bodies for harnessing full M2M potential Facilitate in realizing the policy goals of Make in India and Digital India Policy & Regulatory Features of Roadmap KYC Norms for M2M M2M SIMs with International Roaming state Soft, Embedded & Virtual SIMS in M2M M2M Service Providers (MSP) Numbering Related Issues Roaming issues in M2M Location and connectivity issues IoT Roadmap and Security 29

30 Building Communication Infrastructure M2M Communication Technologies Spectrum availability for M2M Communication QoS in M2M Communications Energy footprints of M2M Network NOFN Enabling M2M reach in rural India Building M2M Network Ducts alongside planned roads and mandate to provide for communication cables Common Data Centre for services Energy footprint and Environment Selection of Communication Technologies Security and Privacy perspective Smart Infrastructure Management System IoT Roadmap and Security 30

31 M2M / IoT Standardization Activities Released Technical Reports on: M2M Gateway & Architecture. M2M Enablement in Power Sector M2M Enablement in Intelligent Transport System M2M Enablement in Remote Health Management M2M Enablement in Safety & Surveillance Systems M2M Number resource requirement & options V2V / V2I Radio communication and Embedded SIM Spectrum requirements for PLC and Low power RF communications ICT Deployments and strategies for India s smart cities: A curtain raiser M2M/ IoT Enablement in Smart Homes Communication Technologies in M2M / IoT domain Technical reports are available on IoT Roadmap and Security 31

32 Actionable points emerged from the Technical Reports 1. Based on TR and consultations with all the stake holders, TEC proposed 13 digit M2M Numbering plan for SIM based devices/ Gateways. 2. Embedded SIM : Based on TR, IR has been prepared in TEC. MoRTH included in AIS140 standard for VTS. 3. Additional Spectrum requirement for Low power RF communications in Sub GHz band was sent to WPC/ DoT. 4. Any device / Gateway having direct connectivity with PSTN / PLMN should have static IP (IPv6 or dual stack). BIS has mandated IPv6 for Smart meters to be connected on Cellular technologies, IS Multi protocol gateways. 6. M2M Network architecture and various Service delivery models for providing services in M2M domain. 7. Spectrum requirement for DSRC technology. 8. Licensing for LPWAN on non cellular technologies, providing public services. 9. Common service layer requirement at the platforms, important for data sharing, Security and interoperability. 10. Device testing and certification M2M devices need to conform to safety standards from radiation/ power perspectives. M2M devices need to be certified, while focusing on international standards deployment IoT Roadmap and Security 32

33 Testing and Certification requirements Gazette notifications issued. Regulatory and legal compliance requirements - Devices with communication facility needs testing and certification against the International standards on EMC (Electro magnetic compatibility), Safety, Technical protocols including Interoperability & Conformance testing, Security Others (SAR, IPv6 or RoHS ) Minimum Essential requirements are being formulated Testing will be done in the accredited labs in India In case of MRA (Mutual Recognition Arrangement) with the other countries, devices may be tested there and no need of further testing in India. IoT Roadmap and Security 33

34 Draft National Digital Communications Policy 2018 Strategic Objectives by Provisioning of Broadband for All 2. Creating 4 Million additional jobs in the Digital Communications sector 3. Enhancing the contribution of the Digital Communications sector to 8% of India s GDP from ~ 6% in Propelling India to the Top 50 Nations in the ICT Development Index of ITU from 134 in Enhancing India s contribution to Global Value Chains 6. Ensuring Digital Sovereignty Vision To fulfil the information and communication needs of citizens and enterprises by establishment of a ubiquitous, resilient, secure and affordable Digital Communications Infrastructure and Services; and in the process, support India s transition to a digitally empowered economy and society. Missions National Digital Communications Policy, 2018 envisages three Missions: 1. Connect India: 2. Propel India: 3. Secure India: IoT Roadmap and Security 34

35 IOT SOLUTIONS TELEMATICS / AUTOMOTIVE Fleet Management Telematics for Insurance Connected Bike Connected Car Launched by TSPL with its partner SMART CITY Smart Street Light Smart Bin Smart Meter Building Energy Management System (BEMs) HEALTHCARE EDUCATION Student Tracking Campus Monitoring Books Tracking Solution Blood Bank Monitoring MANUFACTU RING Asset Tracking (Trolleys) Employee Monitoring Container Tracking OTHER VERTICALS Solar Health Monitoring Cell Tower Monitoring Data Center Monitoring msell Sales Force Tracking Smart Refrigerator Monitoring Water Monitoring

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An Overview of Smart Sustainable Cities and the Role of Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs)

An Overview of Smart Sustainable Cities and the Role of Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs) Sekhar KONDEPUDI Ph.D. Vice Chair FG-SSC & Coordinator Working Group 1 ICT role and roadmap for