Ready-Set-Go (RSG) Controller: Getting Starter

Transcription

1 Ready-Set-Go (RSG) Controller: Getting Starter 1. SETTING UP HYPERTERMINAL FOR THE RSG CONTROLLER Hardware Setup Software Setup: Configuring Hyperterminal Troubleshooting the Installation 7 2. WRITING A SIMPLE PROGRAM IN MCS BASIC Programming Basics Documenting Programs in MCS BASIC How Much Memory Space Does My Program Occupy? STORING AND EXECUTING PROGRAMS IN NONVOLATILE MEMORY Storing Programs in Nonvolatile Memory Recalling a Stored Program Editing a Stored Program Autoexecuting a Stored Program Clearing Nonvolatile Memory ACCESSING PERIPHERAL DEVICES Memory Map of RSG Controller Accessing the Digital Input/Output Ports Accessing the Analog-to-Digital Converter Accessing the Liquid Crystal Display CONNECTOR PIN-OUTS 18 This document is protected by Copyright 2006 Intempco Controls, Ltd. Latest Revision: Sept. 26, (NK)

2 1. Setting Up HyperTerminal for the RSG Controller The simplest way of communication with and programming the RSG Controller is through Windows HyperTerminal or a similar terminal emulation program running on an IBM-PC (or MAC for that matter). The following chapter provides step-by-step instructions on how to configure HyperTerminal for reliable communication and file transfer with the RSG Controller. As a general rule HyperTerminal is bundled with Windows XP and no installation on the PC is necessary. 1.1 Hardware Setup The RSG Controller connects to the PC through an RS-232 DB9 straight-through serial cable with opposite genders (male/female) at either end. The male end of the cable connects to the RSG Controller and the female end to a free COM port on the PC. If the PC does not have a COM port a USB to DB9M serial adapter can be used. The drivers for the serial adapter must first be installed on the PC in accordance with the manufacturer s instructions. Many laptop computers do not come equipped with COM ports but can usually accommodate several USB devices. Once the serial cable has been installed, connect the AC power adapter to the RSG Controller power jack and plug the adapter into a suitable wall outlet. Press the RSG reset button (located to the right of the DB9F connector). The hardware setup is now complete. 1.2 Software Setup: Configuring Hyperterminal On the Start menu, click Programs\Accessories\Communications\HyperTerminal. Ready-Set-Go (RSG) Controller: Getting Started page 2 of 21

3 If the following message appears, you can click Yes or No at your discretion. In the next window type in a new name (i.e., RSG Board) and select an icon for the connection. Click OK. In the future you can retrieve the appropriate HyperTerminal configuration and avoid this entire configuration procedure by simply clicking on the name you selected, i.e., on the Start menu click: Programs \ Accessories \ Communications \ HyperTerminal \ RSG Board.ht Under Connect using:, select the COM port where the RSB Controller is connected (typically COM1 or COM2 on a desktop computer). If you are using a USB to serial adapter, the port number could potentially be higher; e.g., COM5. Click OK to proceed. Ready-Set-Go (RSG) Controller: Getting Started page 3 of 21

4 The next step is to set the actual serial communication parameters. The RSG Controller has an algorithm for auto baud rate detection so any baud rate up to and including is acceptable. For testing purposes, try something conservative; say 9600 baud. In terms of format use 8 data bits, no parity and 1 stop bit. Select software (Xon/Xoff) flow control. Xon and Xoff correspond to the ASCII codes Ctrl-Q and Ctrl-S. These codes are sent by the receiving device to the transmitting device in order to stop and start data transmission. Click OK to accept the changes. HyperTerminal is now ready to communicate with the RSG Controller, however, a few additional changes to the configuration are required to ensure reliable file transfers from the PC to the Controller. Click Disconnect (fourth icon from the left). Click on File and then Properties. Ready-Set-Go (RSG) Controller: Getting Started page 4 of 21

5 Click on the Settings tab. Under Backspace key sends select the radio button marked Del. This is required for the Backspace key to function properly. Click on ASCII Setup. MCS Basic-52 interprets each incoming line as it is received and stores it in a compact tokenized format. When transferring files from the PC to the RSG Controller, a certain delay is required between successive characters and after each line to provide time for tokenizing. For Line Delay type 600 and for Character Delay type 20. Click OK to accept the changes Click OK again to close the RSG Board Properties dialog box. Ready-Set-Go (RSG) Controller: Getting Started page 5 of 21

6 To re-establish communications with the RSG Controller, click on Call (the third icon from the left). If you haven t already done so, press the RSG hardware reset button located to the right of the DB9F connector. Wait three seconds and hit the Spacebar on the keyboard. Do not hit any other keys. The MCS Basic-52 baud rate detection algorithm uses the spacebar (ASCII 20H) to determine the actual baud rate of the transmitting device. If the configuration procedure was successful, the MCS Basic-52 prompt should be displayed in the HyperTerminal window. If you see this, the Software Setup is complete and the RSG Controller is ready to be programmed. Save your configuration by Clicking on File and then Save. Ready-Set-Go (RSG) Controller: Getting Started page 6 of 21

7 1.3 Troubleshooting the Installation Symptom: I reset the RSB Controller and hit the Spacebar but nothing appears in the HyperTerminal window. I get random character on the HyperTerminal window; e.g., E@øAJÍ r t`. The RSG Controller was working but I can no longer get control. Corrective Action: If no characters appear in the HyperTerminal window and the cursor does not move, chances are that there is a problem with the serial communication link between the PC and RSG Controller. Make sure that you selected the correct COM port. If you are using a USB to serial adapter, check to see if the drivers were properly installed. Double check the serial cable connections. Is the RSG Controller powered up? Is the COM port being used by another software application? Close all applications that could potentially be interfering with the serial port. If all else fails, try a completely different PC (preferably a desktop PC with a standard COM port). The Spacebar must be the first character hit after a hardware reset of the RSG Controller. Press reset again, wait three seconds and hit the Spacebar before typing in anything else. It s possible that the RSG Controller is stuck in an endless loop or that a program you were working on crashed miserably. Try typing Ctrl-C ( Ctrl key and C simultaneously) If you still don t have control, hit Ctrl-C several times in rapid succession immediately following a hardware reset. If all else fail, disconnect the AC power adapter from the wall outlet, wait five seconds, reapply power, press the RSG hardware reset button, wait three seconds and hit the Spacebar. Ready-Set-Go (RSG) Controller: Getting Started page 7 of 21

8 2. Writing a Simple Program in MCS BASIC-52 MSC BASIC-52 is a versatile software tool that can drastically reduce the development time of many mechatronic design projects. The program provides most of the functionality of standard BASIC, plus many unique features to support data acquisition and control applications. These features include the ability to store and automatically execute programs out of nonvolatile memory, the ability to access peripheral devices within the constructs of a BASIC program, plus a real time clock. The most comprehensive guide to programming the RSG Controller is the original MCS BASIC-52 (Version 1 & 1.1) Operating and Reference Manual from Intel Corporation. A PDF version of this 215 page document can be found on the companion CD that was shipped with the RSG Controller. A brief introduction to programming with MCS Basic- 52 is provided here. 2.1 Programming Basics BASIC-52 closely follows the syntax of standard BASIC. Each line begins with a unique number. The program on the right is a simple example that demonstrates the use of for / next loops. Type in the program exactly as shown and type list to display the program and run to execute. Ready-Set-Go (RSG) Controller: Getting Started page 8 of 21

9 To change a line simply retype the line including the line number. Example: 20 print sqr(i) [enter] The program will now list the square root of 1 through 5. To insert a line between lines 10 and 20 simply enter a line beginning with 11 through 19. As program become more complex, it may be convenient to use a simple text editor such as Windows Notepad for program development and archiving. You can simply cut and paste programs between Notepad and HyperTerminal. Highlight the text in Notepad and then click on Edit and then Copy. Type new [enter] in HyperTerminal then click on Edit and Paste to Host. The new command in BASIC-52 deletes the program that is currently stored in RAM. This prevents the insertion of lines from the previously stored program into the new program. Note the PRINT USING(##.###) command. This tells BASIC-52 what floating point format to use when printing to the console device (i.e., HyperTerminal). Ready-Set-Go (RSG) Controller: Getting Started page 9 of 21

10 2.2 Documenting Programs in MCS BASIC-52 REM is short for REMark. It does nothing, but allows the user to add comments to a program. Comments are usually needed to make a program a little easier to understand. If no line number is assigned to the REM statement, then BASIC-52 interprets the line as a comment directly in COMMAND mode. The REM statement is not stored in memory which saves space and improves execution speed. The comments remain available to the user when viewed through the text editor. 2.3 How Much Memory Space Does My Program Occupy? MCS BASIC-52 stores programs in a compact tokenized format. You can determine the length of a program by typing: print len The example shown occupies 228 bytes of storage. With 32K bytes of available memory you can save approximately 1200 lines of code. Ready-Set-Go (RSG) Controller: Getting Started page 10 of 21

11 3. Storing and Executing Programs in Nonvolatile Memory The RSG Controller has 32K of nonvolatile memory that is implemented using E 2 PROM technology (Electronically Erasable Programmable Read Only Memory). Unlike SRAM (Static Random Access Memory), programs and data that are written to the E 2 PROM device are not lost if the power is interrupted. The device can, however, be erased or programmed under software control using BASIC-52 commands. A unique feature of the RSG Controller is the ability to automatically execute programs out of nonvolatile memory on startup. This is extremely useful for autonomous data logging and control applications. This chapter provides step-by-step instructions on how to: 3.1 Store a program in nonvolatile memory 3.2 Recall a stored program 3.3 Edit a stored program 3.4 Autoexecute a stored program on startup 3.5 Clear nonvolatile memory 3.1 Storing Programs in Nonvolatile Memory To save the currently selected program in nonvolatile memory simply type: fprog [enter] The system responds with 1 indicating that this is the first program in E 2 PROM. The commands fprog and prog are basically equivalent, however, fprog is significantly faster. Ready-Set-Go (RSG) Controller: Getting Started page 11 of 21

12 3.2 Recalling a Stored Program To test this feature, unplug the AC power adapter from the wall outlet, wait a few seconds and then reapply power. Hit the space bar to get the BASIC-52 prompt. To recall the first program saved in nonvolatile memory simply type: rom1 [enter] rom2 recalls the second program, etc. 3.3 Editing a Stored Program Programs stored in nonvolatile memory can not be edited directly. Recall the program using ROM1 and use the XFER command to transfer the program from E 2 PROM to SRAM for editing purposes. The command RAM switches the mode of operation from ROM to RAM so that the user can edit the program and interact with the BASIC-52 command interpreter. Ready-Set-Go (RSG) Controller: Getting Started page 12 of 21

13 3.4 Autoexecuting a Stored Program The PROG2 command configures the RSG Controller to automatically execute the first program in nonvolatile memory on startup or following a hardware reset. To test this function, type: prog2 [enter] and press the hardware reset button (or cycle the power off and on). Note that the RSG Controller does not have to be connected to a console device for PROG2 to work. 3.5 Clearing Nonvolatile Memory Nonvolatile memory must be cleared manually by executing a three line erase program that writes 0FFH to every memory location within the E 2 PROM. Note that a memory location is considered erased when every bit is set to one. The erase program can only be executed in RAM mode. Execution time to erase the entire E 2 PROM is 141 sec. Ready-Set-Go (RSG) Controller: Getting Started page 13 of 21

14 4. Accessing Peripheral Devices All of the peripheral devices on the RSG Controller are memory mapped; i.e., they appear as memory locations to the user. Devices and external memory locations can be accessed via the MCS BASIC-52 XBY instruction. XBY is analogous to a pointer in the C language. For example, the statement XBY(7FF2H)=Y stores the value of the variable Y in location 7FF2H (H signifies hexadecimal). The value of Y assigned to the XBY operator must be between 0 and 255 (i.e., 1 byte). The statement Y=XBY(7FF2H) stores the contents of location 7FF2H in variable Y. 4.1 Memory Map of RSG Controller From: To: Description: 0000H 7FEFH SRAM Static Random Access Memory Volatile Data is lost if the power is interrupted 7FF0H 7FFFH Devices Memory Mapped Peripheral Devices Electronically Erasable Programmable Read Only Memory 8000H FFFFH E 2 Nonvolatile PROM data is not lost if the power is interrupted, however, device can be erased or programmed under software control Ready-Set-Go (RSG) Controller: Getting Started page 14 of 21

15 4.2 Accessing the Digital Input/Output Ports From: To: Description: 7FF1H - Digital Input/Output Ports Programming Notes: A WRITE operation to address 7FF1H writes to the digital output port (8 bits). A READ operation from address 7FF1H reads the digital input port (8 bits). Sample Program: REM *** Read the status of 2 switches connected REM *** to Digital Input 0 and Digital Input 1 REM *** 10 DIG_IN=XBY(7FF1H) 20 IF (DIG_IN.AND.1)=1 THEN SW_0=1 ELSE SW_0=0 30 IF (DIG_IN.AND.2)=2 THEN SW_1=1 ELSE SW_1=0 40 PRINT "Switch 0 =",SW_0,"Switch 1 =",SW_1 50 GOTO 10 Ready-Set-Go (RSG) Controller: Getting Started page 15 of 21

16 4.3 Accessing the Analog-to-Digital Converter From: To: Description: 7FF2H 7FF3H Analog-to-Digital Converter (A/D converter) Programming Notes: A WRITE operation to either address 7FF2H or 7FF3H sets the analog input channel and initiates conversion on the A/D converter. Valid entries are 0 to 3. Only bits 0 and 1 are used, bits 2 to 7 are masked. Following a change of input channel, the first value read is from the previously set channel, therefore two consecutive WRITE operations are required to change the channel and update the output data. A READ operation from 7FF2H reads the Most Significant Byte (MSB) of the A/D converter. A READ operation from 7FF3H reads the Least Significant Byte (LSB) of the A/D converter. For the 12 A/D bit converter, the LSB contains the four least significant bits left justified (i.e. DB7-DB4) with trailing zeros (i.e. DB3-DB0 all set to zero). The A/D data is in two s complement notation. REM *** SELECT THE ANALOG INPUT CHANNEL 10 INPUT "Analog Input Channel? ", CHAN 20 XBY(7FF2H)=CHAN : XBY(7FF2H)=CHAN Sample Program: REM *** CONVERT FROM 2 S COMPLEMENT FORMAT 30 MSB=XBY(7FF2H) : LSB=XBY(7FF3H) 40 HEXVAL=MSB*256+LSB 50 IF HEXVAL>32767 THEN HEXVAL=HEXVAL REM *** CONVERT INPUT RANGE TO +/-10 VOLTS 60 VOLT=HEXVAL/ REM *** DISPLAY RESULTS 70 PRINT USING(0), "A to D channel ", CHAN, " = ", 80 PRINT USING(###.####), VOLT 90 GOTO 20 Ready-Set-Go (RSG) Controller: Getting Started page 16 of 21

17 4.4 Accessing the Liquid Crystal Display From: To: Description: 7FF4H 7FF5H Liquid Crystal Display (LCD) Programming Notes: A WRITE operation to address 7FF4H writes to the LCD controller Instruction Register (IR) A READ operation from address 7FF4H reads the Busy Flag (DB7) and Address Counter (DB0-DB6) A WRITE operation to address 7FF5H writes to the Data Register (DR) A READ operation from address 7FF5H reads the Data Register (DR) REM *** Allocate memory for 2 strings then initialize strings REM *** memory required = 35 bytes (16*2+2+1) 10 STRING 35,16 20 $(0)=" Intempco " 30 $(1)=" RSG Controller " Sample Program: REM *** Initialize LCD Display 40 GOSUB 200 REM *** Send characters to LCD 50 FOR J=0 TO 1 60 FOR I=1 TO XBY(7FF5H)=ASC($(J),I) 80 NEXT I REM *** Advance to second line 90 XBY(7FF4H)=0C0H 100 NEXT J 110 END REM *** Subroutine to initialize LCD Display 200 XBY(7FF4H)=38H 210 XBY(7FF4H)=0EH 220 XBY(7FF4H)=06H 230 XBY(7FF4H)=80H 240 RETURN Ready-Set-Go (RSG) Controller: Getting Started page 17 of 21

18 5. Connector Pin-Outs P1: RS232 (DB9RA/F) Ring Indicator RI 9 Clear To Send CTS 8 Request To Send RTS 7 Data Set Ready DSR 6 5 GND 4 DTR Data Terminal Ready 3 TXD Transmit Data 2 RXD Receive Data 1 DCD Data Carrier Detect Note: Pins 7 (RTS) and 8 (CTS) are shorted together on the RSG board. Pins 1 (DCD), 4 (DTR) and 6 (DSR) are shorted together on the RSG board. P2: Power Jack 2 Contact: 5 to 12 VAC, 7 to 12 VDC (independent of polarity) P3: JTAG Test Port (IDC10) Test Clock TCK 1 2 Ground Test Data Output TD0 3 4 V CC Target V CC Test Mode Select TMS 5 6 (Not Connected) (Not Connected) 7 8 (Not Connected) Test Data Input TDI 9 10 Ground Ready-Set-Go (RSG) Controller: Getting Started page 18 of 21

19 P4: I/O Connector (DB25RA/M) Digital Output 1 14 Digital Output 3 15 Digital Output 5 16 Digital Output 7 17 Digital Input 1 18 Digital Input 3 19 Digital Input 5 20 Digital Input 7 21 Ground 22 Ground 23 Analog Input Channel 0 24 Analog Input Channel Digital Output 0 2 Digital Output 2 3 Digital Output 4 4 Digital Output 6 5 Digital Input 0 6 Digital Input 2 7 Digital Input 4 8 Digital Input 6 9 Pulse-Width-Modulation Output 10 Power Output (+5V DC) 11 Power Output (+5V DC) 12 Analog Input Channel 1 13 Analog Input Channel 3 Ready-Set-Go (RSG) Controller: Getting Started page 19 of 21

20 P5: I/O Connector (IDC26) Digital Output Digital Output 1 Digital Output Digital Output 3 Digital Output Digital Output 5 Digital Output Digital Output 7 Digital Input Digital Input 1 Digital Input Digital Input 3 Digital Input Digital Input 5 Digital Input Digital Input 7 Pulse-Width-Modulation Output Ground Power Output (+5V DC) Ground Power Output (+5V DC) Analog Input Channel 0 Analog Input Channel Analog Input Channel 2 Analog Input Channel (Not Connected) Ready-Set-Go (RSG) Controller: Getting Started page 20 of 21

21 P6: Microprocessor Interface (IDC26) WRITE/ 1 2 READ/ ADDRESS_0 3 4 FREE_CS (Free Chip Select) ADDRESS_DATA_7 5 6 ADDRESS_DATA_6 ADDRESS_DATA_5 7 8 ADDRESS_DATA_4 ADDRESS_DATA_ ADDRESS_DATA_2 ADDRESS_DATA_ ADDRESS_DATA_0 (T2) P P1.1 (T2EX) (PWM_OUT) P P1.5 (PGM_EN/) (DMA_ACK/) P P1.7 (LPT/) (INT1/) P P3.4 (T0) (T1) P Clock ( MHz) +10V (from MAX232) V (from MAX232) Power Output (+5V DC) Ground Ready-Set-Go (RSG) Controller: Getting Started page 21 of 21