Collaboration at the Center of the Digital Universe: AV System Design Solutions for Evolving AV Technologies

Transcription

1 Collaboration at the Center of the Digital Universe: AV System Design Solutions for Evolving AV Technologies Karl Rosenberg Regional Application Specialist Extron Electronics

2 Agenda Collaborative Spaces Defined Design Challenges AV System Design Considerations Digital System Considerations Cables Signal Integrity EDID Content Protection

3 Note About Video Over Twisted Pair Uncompressed Streaming

4 Collaborative Spaces Any space that emphasizes group learning and collaboration Over networked computers Across mobile devices By viewing shared displays

5 Collaborative Space Characteristics Supports active learning between groups Allows for easy transfer of information Can effectively display multiple media types from any work station Is flexible enough to accommodate different ways of working TILE Classroom at University of Iowa

6 Collaborative Space Benefits Fully supports the active learning processes Dramatically improves learner engagement Allows instructor to teach from any location in the classroom Supports multiple teaching and learning styles Active Learnig Classroom at University of Washington

7 Collaborative Space Locations

8 Collaborative Spaces K - 12 In-classroom, hands-on collaboration Artistic projects Vocational teaching spaces SMART Collaborative Classroom, Providence Spring Elementary, Charlotte, NC

9 Collaborative Spaces Higher Ed Collaboration in smaller classrooms Teaching hospitals Learning labs

10 Collaborative Spaces Corporate Boardrooms Video conferencing with real-time document sharing and editing Training spaces Hands-on collaboration Product demonstrations

11 Collaborative Spaces Government Simulation labs Huddle rooms The sp.ace in Building 29 at Johnson Space Center. Image Credit: NASA JSC/Christopher Gerty

12 Technology Design Considerations

13 Virtual Technology Diverse learning technologies Skype, SMS, podcasts Courseware management systems Remote interaction systems Videoconferencing, Web-cameras, application-sharing suites HP Visual Collaboration Room 220

14 Installed Devices Media presentation systems Blu-ray/DVD players, document cameras Room-scale peripherals Interactive displays, whiteboard capture systems, room schedule displays IncITe Classroom, University of Notre Dame

15 Mobile Learning Devices Personal information and communication devices Laptops, Tablet PCs, mobile devices, USB drives, wireless keyboards/mice, digital cameras

16 Environmental Design Considerations

17 Furniture Lightweight, moveable and reconfigurable Accommodates workgroups of various sizes Chairs are on wheels Accessible power and data outlets Can configure a traditional classroom setup if needed

18 Windows/Walls Multiple electronic display surfaces oriented on different walls Good portion of perimeter walls are made up of writing surfaces Wall or furniture-mounted remote control of AV equipment Use neutral color blackout shades on windows DeBartolo B011 Classroom, University of Notre Dame

19 AV Equipment Flexibility provided by centrally located base station Should allow for: Access technology when necessary and hide when not in use Rear access to equipment to enable easy maintenance Proper heat waste management

20 AV Design Considerations

21 Key Considerations Needs of the people using/supporting the system Speed/ease of setup Configurable control Space appropriate AV furniture/devices Unified network access Even sound distribution Video quality Signal integrity Cables System flexibility

22 Speed/Ease Of Setup Convenience book rooms directly from a touchpanel, computer, or mobile device LED indicators of room availability from down the hall Wall Mount Touchpanels

23 Configurable Control How to control AV? Convenience room location Simplicity Cable connections for control integrated into table Wall mounted controller Collaboration systems are a turn-key alternative Touchpanels can be desk mounted, lectern mounted, or sit on a tabletop

24 Intuitive Touchpanel Interface

25 Touchpanel Pod Source Selection

26 AV Furniture Select space appropriate AV furniture, sources, and displays Speakers situated within limited wall space beside display Presence Podium, SMARTdesks

27 Learning Pod Sources and Displays Room provided sources PCs Laptops Connectivity for BYOD Laptop ipad or tablet Smartphone Whiteboard for team collaboration Wireless devices Displays one or two

28 Unified Network Access Remote control and troubleshooting AV system data collection for reporting System-wide monitoring and scheduling on a single platform TCP/IP Network

29 Sound Distribution Room size and acoustics Interactivity between sites Voice reinforcement table or ceiling microphones? Active Learning Classroom, University of Minnesota

30 Sound Distribution Use of sound reinforcement Speakers Voice and program audio reinforcement Wall mounted speaker Stereo sound Directional sound loud in front of classroom, uneven sound distribution Ceiling mounted speakers Better sound distribution Number of speakers suggested

31 Video Distribution Ability to share different devices Moderator mode: Controls content being displayed Wireless Collaboration Gateway

32 Digital System Design Considerations

33 Design Considerations Stand-alone or system? System requirements I.D. current and future technology needs Room size Number of tables Inputs per table Displays per table Number of main displays

34 Video Considerations System Sources, Processors, and Displays Playback Source Processor Display Annotator Blu-ray Laptop Projector Streaming Encoder Satellite Receiver Computer Display Switcher Tablets & Smartphones Document Camera Video Conference Monitor

35 Video Source Considerations Analog Source Connections Digital Source Connections VGA: Desktop Laptop Document Camera Video Conference RCA for composite audio & video: VCR/DVD Combo Player HDMI: Laptop Blu-ray DVD FlipCam Cable Box DVI-D: PC Desktop Cable Box DisplayPort (and minidp): Laptop Desktop Thunderbolt: Desktop Laptop

36 Digital Video Considerations Signal Integrity Cable selection Distance and image quality EDID Extended Display Identification Data Resolution Color Space Audio Content Encryption HDCP High-bandwidth Digital Content Protection

37 Signal Integrity Testing Eye pattern Measures overall signal quality Formed by repeated sampling of a digital signal Used to determine the likelihood of bit errors Eye Mask Identifies when bit errors occur The signal touching the mask is an indication of a bit error Bit Errors Bit Errors

38 Signal Integrity Cable Selection Distance and quality how far is too far? Cable quality are all cables the same? Connections how many connection points? Performance Length Adapters

39 Cable Selection Distance HDMI for shorter runs CATx for longer runs Typically under 50 feet Across the enterprise

40 Cable Selection Image Quality Contributors to digital signal degradation Cable attenuation - length/quality Cable capacitance - length/quality Impedance mismatch - connectors Noise coupling - cabling/products Crosstalk and jitter -cabling/environment Digital signal recovery is based on receiver s ability to distinguish high and low transitions Eye closes due to resistance and capacitance Transitions widen due to reflections, noise, and crosstalk Result: bit errors Digital System

41 Image Quality Image quality does not degrade like analog Good signal = Bit errors = Vertical lines Pixelization Colored dots Too many bit errors = No image Cliff Effect

42 Cable Considerations Cables can vary widely in performance Adapters are useful but may affect signal quality Damage caused by faulty HDMI connector

43 Anatomy of a High Quality HDMI Pro Cable

44 CTS HDMI Solution Workgroup using laptops and a tablet HDMI Switcher AC Power Controller

45 Twisted Pair Cable Advantages Twisted pair extenders can support a variety of signals for longer cable runs Digital video Supports data rates up to 6.75 Gbps, Deep Color to 12-bit, 3D and HD lossless audio formats Digital audio Bi-directional RS-232 control and IR Ethernet Remote power

46 Twisted Pair Transmission Cable Characteristics Supports CATx cable Solid conductor, shielded twisted pair cable with shielded connectors should always be used Skew-free cable should not be used with video systems

47 Twisted Pair Cable Properties Twisted Pair Cable Construction Multiple construction approaches exist within a given category Different conductor types and gauge sizes Different shielding techniques Stranded center conductor cabling should not be used Solid center conductors provide better conductivity due to more surface area Ensured performance over distance

48 Twisted Pair Cable Properties Shielded cable protects against outside interference Air conditioning units Power from adjacent cabling Crosstalk from other cables or within the same cable Radio interference from walkie-talkies Image quality symptoms of noisy environments Image drop-out or flashing No image at all

49 Twisted Pair Transmission Different types of twisted pair shielding Cable Name Outer Shielding Individual Pair Shielding U/UTP None None F/UTP Foil None U/FTP None Foil S/FTP Braided Foil SF/UTP Braided & Foil None

50 Twisted Pair Installation Cable infrastructure and patch points Up to 2 patch points recommended 2 1

51 CTS Twisted Pair Solution Touchpanel Twisted Pair Transmitter Control Processor Twisted Pair Receiver

52 CTS Twisted Pair Solution Full-Range Ceiling Speakers Touchpanel Twisted Pair Switcher with Integrated TP Transmitter Power Amplifier Volume Control Module Control Processor HDMI Scaling Receiver

53 Wireless Video Design Considerations

54 Wireless Video Benefits Overcome architectural challenges Historic building Retrofit without coring/trenching concrete Minimize quantity of floor boxes needed in flex spaces Support rooms with movable furniture

55 Wireless Video Benefits Eliminate video artifacts that result from grounding issues Temporary set-ups in collaborative spaces

56 Bandwidth Requirements Highest quality, low-latency digital video content requires very high data rates and high QOS Quality of Service Bandwidth Required by Resolution Resolution Pixel Clock 8-bit color 10-bit color 60 Hz MHz 2.23 Gbps 2.78 Gbps 60 Hz MHz 4.46 Gbps 5.57 Gbps The greater the data rate, the greater the bandwidth required

57 Proprietary Wireless Protocols Wireless Interface Frequency Band Computing Hardware Required Uncompressed Video AirPlay Wi-Fi Apple Products No Chromecast Wi-Fi PC, tablet, smartphone No Miracast Wi-Fi PC, tablet, smartphone No WiDi Wi-Fi Intel Products Yes WiGig Wi-Fi, 60 GHz PC, tablet, smartphone Yes UWB GHz None Yes WHDI 5 GHz None Yes WirelessHD 60 GHz None Yes

58 Performance Considerations Speed/Capacity Bandwidth Latency Encoding Decoding Robustness Interference Distortion Signal-to-noise performance Multipath signals Range Distance Power Levels Sensitivity Frequency

59 Wireless Design Considerations What challenge are you solving? Who are the users? Collaborative workflow among a team Instructional setting

60 Wireless Design Considerations Is there a mandated device platform? Unrestricted BYOD Short list of approved devices (Choose Your Own Device) Is there existing wireless infrastructure? Frequency and channel management Segmented access

61 Wireless Design Considerations Coverage vs. Interference Point-to-point Range of the device

62 Wireless Design Considerations Coverage vs. Interference Point to multi-point Range of the device

63 Design Considerations Coverage vs. Interference Multiple point-to-point systems Signals overlap Use of multiple channels Remember the Z-axis

64 Design Considerations Coverage vs. Interference Transmitters and receivers are actually transceivers

65 Design Considerations Coverage vs. Interference More devices than channels Position groups to minimize impact

66 Measuring Wireless Activity Wireless site survey s are used to identify: Access point locations, data rate, signal strength, and signal quality The overall goal is to determine: The number and placement of access points that will provide adequate signal coverage and required throughput

67 Wireless Extension Mobile Lectern in Flexible Space Touchpanel Control Processor Scaling Presentation Switcher Wireless HDMI Transmitter Wireless HDMI Receiver

68 Wireless Collaboration System Tabletop Touchpanel Long Distance HDMI Receiver Long Distance HDMI Receiver Surface Mount Speakers Wireless Collaboration Gateway Scaling Presentation Matrix Switcher 2-input Switcher with DTP Transmitter 3-input Switcher with DTP Transmitter

69 Adding Wireless BYOD to Existing System Combines the best of both approaches wired and wireless VGA and HDMI video outputs provide flexibility Contact Closure Remote AC Power Controller Wireless Collaboration Gateway Media Presentation Switcher

70 Digital Signal Types

71 USB Universal Serial Bus

72 Digital Signals USB A standard for communication protocols that includes cables and connectors Historically used for attaching peripheral devices to computers

73 Digital Signals USB Over the years speeds have increased and USB supports video and audio transfer USB Mbps USB Gbps Providing additional options for transporting video and audio

74 TMDS Transition Minimized Differential Signaling

75 Digital Video Signals TMDS Silicon Image developed TMDS for digital video transmission A differential serial digital signal designed for high-speed serial data transmission TMDS is used by DVI and HDMI Single-Link = up to 1920x1200@60 Dual-Link = up to 2560x1600@60

76 DVI Digital Visual Interface

77 Digital Video Signals DVI DVI is an uncompressed digital video signal Developed by DDWG in 1999 Designed for computer video Using RGB color space Does not support the following: Audio InfoFrames YCbCr color space HDCP support is optional

78 DVI Connectors, Distance, Communication DVI-I (Integrated) DVI specification does not define transmission distance Cable performance has a direct bearing on distance Pins for Analog RGBHV signal DVI-D (Digital) No pins for Analog RGBHV signal No Image EDID information is sent from the display to the PC Required by DVI specifications Single-link Dual-link Digital Digital

79 HDMI High-Definition Multimedia Interface

80 Digital Video Signals HDMII HDMI is an uncompressed digital video signal Designed for the consumer market Adds support for: Audio stereo and surround formats (PCM, Dolby, DTS) YCbCr color space optional HDCP optional but recommended CEC Consumer Electronic Control optional InfoFrames

81 HDMI Connectors, Distance, Communication HDMI HDMI specification does not define transmission distance Cable performance has a direct bearing on distance Standard Mini Micro No Image Mini Added in HDMI version 1.3 Micro Max resolution 1080p EDID information is sent from the display to the source Required by HDMI specifications Digital Digital

82 HDMI and TMDS Bandwidth HDMI continues to release new version standards that increase Single-Link capabilities HDMI Version Resolution Frame Rate Max Clock Color Depth x MHz x MHz x MHz 48

83 HDMI/DVI Compatibility HDMI is backwards compatible with DVI Outputs digital video only (no audio) Separate audio connection is needed No CEC Possible HDCP Issues? HDMI Source Device DVI-D Receiver Device DVI-D Source Device HDMI Receiver Device

84 HDMI Audio Support HDMI supports a complete range of audio formats Compressed formats LPCM, Dolby, DTS Lossless formats Dolby TrueHD and DTS Master Audio Some Blu-ray decks provide both digital audio (5.1 via EDID) and analog stereo audio Audio is sent within the data island period

85 DisplayPort VESA s Digital Display Interface

86 Digital Video Signals DisplayPort Royalty-free uncompressed digital audio/video interconnect Design as VGA replacement connector and signal format Utilizes micro-packet signal transmission Supports: Audio stereo and surround formats (LPCM, Dolby, DTS) RGB and YCbCr color space VGA, DVI, and HDMI with adapter HDCP InfoFrames

87 DisplayPort Connectors, Distance, Communication DisplayPort Mini DisplayPort DisplayPort does define a transmission distance 15 meters minimum for 1080p Standard AKA Thunderbolt MDP 15 m 1080p Standard Optional latching connector Thunderbolt Designed for Apple laptops EDID information is sent from the display to the source Required by DisplayPort specifications Digital Digital

88 DisplayPort - Interoperability DisplayPort Dual-Mode Standard Supports DVI and HDMI Sink devices Requires Type 1 adapter Limited to Single Link specifications MHz 60 Hz 24-bit color DisplayPort Updated Dual-Mode Standard Supports DVI and HDMI Sink devices Requires Type 2 adapter Latest specification supports HDMI MHz 30 Hz, 60 Hz deep color, 1080p 60 Hz

89 DisplayPort Micro-packet Bandwidth DisplayPort continues to release new version standards that increase bandwidth capabilities DisplayPort Version Resolution Frame Rate Bandwidth Color Depth a 2560x Gbps x Gbps x Gbps 36

90 DisplayPort Version 1.3 DisplayPort version 1.3 increases bandwidth for video to Gbps Adding support for new 5K monitors x2880 Multi-Stream feature now supports two 4K/UHD displays from a single output HDMI 2.0, HDCP 2.2, and CEC are also supports in version 1.3 4:2:0 is also added for 4K and 8K consumer television applications

91 Communication For Digital Signals

92 EDID Extended Display Identification Data

93 EDID Extended Display Identification Data Developed by VESA in 1996 Allows exchange of data between display and source device Communication occurs over specific pins DDC DDC Display Data Channel DDC provides digital link between display and source Supports bidirectional serial data Required for plug-and-play compliance

94 DDC Display Data Channel DDC is primarily used to carry configuration information (EDID) from the display to the source DDC is used by VGA, DVI, HDMI, and DisplayPort connectors +5V SCL SDA Pin 18 (+5 or +3.3V) Powers display s EDID circuit Pin 15 (SCL) Serial Clock Synchronizes SDA data Pin 16 (SDA) Bidirectional Serial Data Transfers EDID data

95 EDID Data EDID contains the following information: Sink identity device type, model number, etc. Sink capability video/audio Video timing parameters, color space, audio formats, etc. EDID also defines the data structure Block byte of hexadecimal data Block 1 additional 128 byte of hexadecimal data Block 1 was added in version 1.3

96 EDID Data Structure Sink identity Sink capabilities

97 EDID Sequence Power on PC or activate external graphics card Computer requests EDID data from display Display sends EDID data to computer Computer attempts to match display parameters Display s EDID +5V Serial Data Clock Bidirectional Serial Data

98 Supported Resolutions Displays have different native resolutions Most ideal EDID configuration depends on requirements Advisable to select EDID from pre-stored settings for each source PC with DVI output EDID Minder 1080P 720p 1 Input Output p 720p 1080p 2 2 PC with DVI output 720p EDID Minder 1024x p x768 Blu-ray with HDMI Matrix Switcher 1680x1050 Laptop with HDMI

99 EDID and Audio Management Which audio format? Analog or digital What is the audio signal path? Separate or embedded Breakaway Emergency announcements Background music Surround sound or stereo? Extract or embed Latency issues? Interface Format Correction

100 Audio Setup Challenges Setting Digital Audio

101 High-Bandwidth Digital Content Protection

102 HDCP HDCP is an encryption protocol applied at the digital interface DVI, HDMI and DisplayPort Sources Computers Blu-ray Player CATV STV Sinks Monitors Projectors Repeaters Receivers Switchers DAs Prevents unauthorized access to protected content Implementation in DVI is optional

103 HDCP Authorized Some sources will encrypt all content when connected to an HDCP compliant device Certain AV equipment does not support HDCP-encrypted content Mac Book Pro Lecture Capture ipad Video Conference Broadcast Feed

104 HDCP Challenges HDCP Authorized Some sources, such as a Mac laptop or ipad, will encrypt ALL content being output even if it does not require encryption Keynote Safari Note Numbers

105 HDCP Authorized Mac laptop Thunderbolt to HDMI output HDCP compliant Display Input Output Matrix Switcher ipad HDMI output Matrix Input Matrix Output Non-HDCP compliant Display HDCP Source HDCP Sink Non-HDCP Source Non-HDCP Sink

106 System Optimization Achieving Optimal Image Quality in a Digital System

107 Video Processors Scaling continues to provide a bridge between AV source equipment and a variety of endpoint requirements Used to manage: Resolution Signal format Aspect ratio Image optimization Switch speed Content density via windowing Cable management Laptop PC ipad Codec Video projector Confidence Monitor

108 Video Processors Applications Managing uncertainties EDID or BYOD issues Ensuring consistency and reliable operation Delivering compatible signals Providing enhancements Seamless switching Windowing Memory recall

109 AV System Disparities BYOD equipment How do they respond to EDID? Resolution? EDID Laptops in Mirror Mode: Output resolution can depend on native panel resolution Panel = 1366x768, EDID = 1080p Laptop may output something in the middle EDID set to: p@60 -RGB - 2-ch audio

110 AV System Disparities BYOD equipment How do they respond to EDID? Resolution? EDID Portable devices: ipad may only output 1080p if audio is requested in EDID Other devices may not offer/support requested resolution EDID set to: x768@60 -RGB - 2-ch audio

111 AV System Solutions BYOD equipment Resolution management 1080p native HDCP-Compliant Video Scaler Reformats signal for system requirements Delivers consistent resolution to endpoints

112 AV System Disparities Display s native resolution versus other equipment How to choose? Media Player Blu-ray Max 720p Codec PC System EDID? Native 1920x1200 Video projector Native 1080p Laptop Confidence Monitor ipad

113 AV System Solutions Display s native resolution versus other equipment EDID and Resolution management Media Player Scaled 720p Codec Blu-ray Scaled 1920x1200 Scaling Presentation Mixer with DTP Extension and Control Processor Video projector PC Source resolution Confidence Monitor Laptop EDID Minder per input Built-in scaling ipad

114 AV System Solutions Resolution and switching management Analog Digital Analog All sources are digitized and scaled to displays native resolution Maintains consistent image Provides fast clean switch Modular Digital Matrix Switcher Scaled 1920x1200 HDMI Scaling Receiver

115 System Flexibility, Scalability, and Reliability

116 Current and Future Technology Needs Flexibility and Scalability Understand connectivity and infrastructure plan to allow for interoperability and future-proofing Ensure you specify systems and components that can stand the test of time Sources and displays may be refreshed in 3-5 years while infrastructure may need to last years

117 Reliability of Collaborative Systems No annual licenses Incremental cost Cost attributed to: Number of sources Number of displays Full matrix vs. 1 input per table to route to main displays Size of signal management system Number of Sources and Displays Size of Budget

118 Collaborative Spaces Designing AV Solutions Recap A solid design strategy Defines the application Manages EDID effectively Contains a solid understanding of connectivity and infrastructure Provides an efficient user interface and operation Considers future needs as well as budgetary factors

119 Open Discussion

120 Collaboration at the Center of the Digital Universe: AV System Design Solutions for Evolving AV Technologies Karl Rosenberg Regional Application Specialist Extron Electronics