Tape Library. White Paper (Sept. 2003)

Transcription

1 Tape Library White Paper (Sept. 2003)

2 Contents Protecting Your Information Resources by Delivering High Volume, High-Speed Backup....1 ETERNUS LT160 Tape Technology...1 What is LTO Ultium?...2 Tape Thread Mechanism...2 Cartridge Memory(LTO-CM)...3 ETERNUS LT160 Features...4 Point-1. Configuration Flexibility...4 Point-2. Investment Protection with Guaranteed Scalability...5 Point-3. High Capacity in a Small Footprint...5 Point-4. Web-based Management Capability...6 Point-5. Facilitating Tape Media Maintenance...7 A Wide Variety of Backup Solutions...8 Integrated Backup in SAN Environments...8 Misson Critical Applications: Cluster System Backup...9 Supported Servers, Operating Systems and Backup Software...10 Cartridge Handling Precautions Glossary...14 About This White Paper...15 Trademarks Microsoft, Windows, and Windows NT are registered trademarks of Microsoft Corporation in the United States and other countries. Sun, Sun Microsystems, the Sun Logo, Solaris and all Solaris based marks and logos are trademarks or registered trademarks of Sun Microsystems, Inc. in the U.S. and other countries, and are used under license. This document uses the abbreviation Solaris OE for Solaris TM Operating Environment. UNIX is a registered trademark of X/Open Company, Ltd. in the United States and in other countries. The names of systems and products mentioned in this documentation are not necessarily marked with or. Any other names of industrial products and companies may also be the subject of trademarks or registered marks.

3 Protecting Your Information Resources by Delivering High Volume, High-Speed Backup In parallel with the growth in the use of broadband Internet, the volume of information used by business continues to increase at an unprecedented rate. Today's organizations must be able to secure larger and larger amounts of data in ever shorter time periods, as they juggle application availability and efficient management of their information resources. Fujitsu s ETERNUS LT160 tape libraries help by providing optimum solutions to these challenges. Support of both LTO Ultrium 2 tape drives, and older LTO Ultrium 1 tape drives enables LT160 to provide archive support. While the latest technology delivers much higher-performance and higher-capacity backup capability, in line with the requirements of today s demanding data security environments. ETERNUS LT160 Tape Technology ETERNUS LT160 employs LTO Ultrium format tape drives to provide high-speed data transfer at 35MB/sec, and LTO Ultrium tape cartridges that can store up to 200GB (using Ultrium2 tape cartridges) of uncompressed data. These tape drives use a new tape thread mechanism for stable tape winding, which ensures high durability and high-reliability (100,000 hours MTBF *1 in high-load continuous operating environments). Each tape cartridge also has its own memory, as standard. The information stored on this feature facilitates enhanced media management. For example, it helps you manage media life-cycles, avoids the use of deteriorating media and ensures optimum operation of the tape library. Such features make the ETERNUS LT160 tape library perfectly suited to the demands of reliable high-speed, high-volume backup operation. 1

4 What is LTO Ultrium? LTO Ultrium is a high-volume, high-speed tape format based on LTO (Linear Tape-Open) technology co-developed by Hewlett-Packard, IBM and Seagate. The LTO tape format includes LTO Ultrium with its storage capacity orientation and LTO Accelis which focuses on fast data access times (sub-10 second). With an LTO Ultrium 1 tape drive, data is written using 8 heads and each tape is divided into 4 data bands. Within each band, all the 8 heads move forwards and backwards 6 times, writing 96 data tracks. And, as there are 4 data bands, 384 tracks can be written in total. With an LTO Ultrium 2 tape drive, data is written using 8 heads and each tape is divided into 4 data bands. Within each band, all the 8 heads move forwards and backwards 8 times, writing 128 data tracks. And, as there are 4 data bands, 512 tracks can be written in total. Ultrium tape format also provides redundancy for servo information by writing the servo information in parallel on both sides of each data track. Such high-density storage requires high precision engineering. To avoid misreads from even slight deviations in head position, the Ultrium drive heads are designed to optimally track the data. Tape Thread Mechanism The drive has a mechanism that winds the tape from each cartridge around its own reel. The challenge is to prevent problems as tapes are inserted into the drive. With the Ultrium tape format, a leader pin is attached to the beginning of the tape and the drive uses a controlled leader block that latches onto the leader pin. A sensor also verifies that the leader pin has been reliably latched. Once engaged in this way it can't slip off, resulting in significantly improved reliability and accurate tape insertion. 2

5 Cartridge Memory (LTO-CM) A 4KB non-contacting memory chip (EEPROM *2 ), called LTO-CM is embedded in each LTO Ultrium tape cartridge as standard. This cartridge memory uses an RF interface *3 that eliminates the need for physical power or signal connections between the cartridge and the drive. It holds information, such as data location, usage/error logs and user areas. LTO-CM is utilized for: Providing quick reference to the cartridge's index and usage information Facilitating problem diagnosis and failure prediction Minimizing load times Providing fast access to and high-speed restoration from files and data sets regardless of their location on the tape cartridge 3

6 ETERNUS LT160 Features Point-1. Configuration Flexibility The LT160 is available in two models: Model A20 aimed at capacity scalability and model A32 aimed at performance scalability. This enables flexible cartridge/drive configuration. Model A20 Model A32 Cabinet Single Expanded *1 Expanded *2 Single Expanded *3 Number of cartridges 98/182/ / /566 89/ /466 Total storage Ultrium1 Drive capacity (TB) *4 Ultrium2 Drive Average tape access time 7 seconds 7.5 seconds 7 seconds 7.5 seconds Average time of tape cartridge replacement 12 seconds 14 seconds 12 seconds 14 seconds Ultrium1 Tape Transfer rate 15MB/sec drive *4 Capacity 100GB per volume Ultrium2 Tape Transfer rate 35MB/sec drive *4 Capacity 200GB per volume Robot One unit Mounted units Tape drive Max. 10 Max. 20 Max. 16 Max. 32 CAS *5 2 units 4 units 4 units 2 units 4 units Host interface Fibre Channel (100MB/sec) *1 With an LT16AFBU expansion cabinet *2 With an LT16AFCU expansion cabinet *3 With an LT16BFBU expansion cabinet *4 When storing uncompressed data *5 CAS (Cartridge Access Station): a slot for inserting/ejecting tape cartridges Model A20, aimed at capacity scalability, can hold up to 200 tape cartridges in the base cabinet. Using an expansion cabinet, up to 600 can be held in total. Using Ultrium 2 tape cartridges, LT160 provides a maximum capacity of 125TB. Model A32, aimed at performance scalability, can hold up to 16 tape drives in the base cabinet. Using an expansion cabinet, up to 32 tape drives can be held in total. At 32 Ultrium 2 tape drives, the LT160 provides the maximum transfer rate of 4.0TB per hour. 4

7 Point-2. Investment Protection with Guaranteed Scalability LT160 high flexibility in cartridge/drive expansion enables it to keep up with the changes in your system requirements. Any upgrade can be completed within four hours, and the use of a snap-in mechanism enables easy addition of cartridge cells at any time. The tape dirve is designed as a module, which includes a power suppliy unit, fan and drive. This enables quick drive replacement/expasion. The weigt of the built-in robot is significantly minimized. No special instruments are required when installing an expansion cabinet. The current LTO Ultrium technology road map shows enhancement up to Ultrium4 (the fourth generation). Compatibility between the latest and older generations is ensured for both reading and writing. While LT160 supports the latest generation, Ultrium2 tape drive (as of Sept. 2003), it will be progressively upgraded to keep in step with the latest generation, to guarantee your investment protection. Point-3. High Capacity in a Small Footprint ETERNUS LT160 is highly efficient tape cartridge based storage. Up to 44.2TB (when using LTO Ultrium 2 tape cartridges) can be stored in just 0.88 m 2. Model A20 Model A32 Cabinet Single Expanded *1 Expanded *2 Single Expanded *3 Dimensions (mm) Width 780 1, ,520 Depth 1,130 Height 1,800 Service area (mm) Front: 850, Rear: 850 Weight (kg) * ,037 requirements Voltage VAC VAC Phase Frequency Single phase 50-60Hz Power consumption (KW) * Heat dissipation (KJ/h) 4,700 8,000 6,900 11,900 Temperature ( C) 10 to 35 [non operating: 35 to 65] Humidity (%RH) [non operating: 10-90] Noise (db) 55 or less Number of power outlets required * *1 With an LT16AFBU expansion cabinet *2 With an LT16AFCU expansion cabinet *3 With an LT16BFBU expansion cabinet *4 Value excludes weight of tape cartridges and is calculated using a maximum configuration. One drive module weighs roughly 8kg *5 Power consumption per drive module is about 90W. *6 Model A20 requires one power outlet for every 5 drives. Model A32 requires one power outlet for every 8 drives. 5

8 Point-4. Web-based Management Capability In addition to the onboard operator panel, LT160 can be managed remotely over the LAN using a standard browser interface. The operator touch panel, attached to the front door, displays the status of the hardware (the library unit, tape drives and tape cartridges) using both text and icons. Its menu-driven operation also facilitates a number of functions including password setting and the mounting/dismounting of tape cartridges. LT160 hardware (the library unit, tape drives and tape cartridges) can be easily monitored and managed over a network from any remote location using a Web browser. In order to use Web-base management: You will need to acquire an IP address, a subnet mask and a gateway address from your network administrator Use one of the following web browsers: Internet Explorer 5.0 to 6.0 Netscape Navigator 4.7 to 4.78 and 7.0 or later 6

9 Point-5. Facilitating Tape Media Maintenance ETERNUS LT160 has a range of functions that facilitate tape media maintenance/management and eliminate problems typically encountered with traditional tape libraries, such as device failures that interrupt operation. To ensure non-stop operation, each drive module, containing a drive and power supply unit, is hot swappable. To simplify the mounting/dismounting of tape cartridges, each LT160 has Cartridge Access Station (CAS) slots. A magazine is used to load each CAS slot with each magazine holding up to 5 tape cartridges. LT160 comes with two magazines as standard, and up to 1 TB of data, can be mounted at a time using those magazines. CAS also enables the mounting/dismounting of tape cartridges during online operation. Only when a large number of tape cartridges must be mounted/dismounted, does the operator need to place the LT160 in off-line status to open the front door and directly insert/eject cartridges. To facilitate the management of tape cartridge volumes, each LT160 has a built-in bar-code reader, which reads the bar-code labels affixed to cartridges. For high read/write reliability, LT160 also has a function that automatically cleans drives using a cleaning cartridge stored in a dedicated cell. 7

10 A Wide Variety of Backup Solutions LT160 provides high-volume, high-speed backup solutions for a wide variety of configurations, including solutions for: Integrated backup in Storage Area Network (SAN) environments Clustered systems backup for mission critical applications Integrated backup in SAN environments To help reduce the total cost of ownership (TCO), the LT160 tape library provides solutions for SAN-based backup. Connectable to the SAN, the LT160 tape library enables integrated, reliable, high-speed backup operation. As a result the administrative load, typically associated with traditional departmental DAS-based backup operation, is significantly reduced due to the concentration of functionality. In cooperation with the Advanced Copy functions of ETERNUS3000/GR Storage a backup server and ETERNUS3000 or GR Storage systems, LT160 tape libraries can perform highly-efficiency, high-speed backup operations on all stored data. 8

11 Mission Critical Applications: Clustered Systems Backup In cooperation with NetWorker and SynfinityCluster/HA *4 for NetWorker or PRIMECLUSTER Wizard for NetWorker, LT160 provides highly reliable backup operation in a clustered environment. Even during node switching, performed during node failure, the resources of the LT160 tape library are automatically and safely switched to the standby node, ensuring that backup operation continues uninterrupted. Such solutions are ideal for systems handling mission critical applications, where highly reliable non-stop backup operation is essential. 9

12 Supported Servers, Operating Systems and Backup Software ETERNUS LT160 supports the following servers, operating systems and backup software. Server OS Backup Software Backup PRIMEPOWER Solaris TM 7/8/9 OE NetWorker 6.1 VERITAS NetBackup 3.4/4.5 Server PRIMERGY WindowsNT 4.0 Windows 2000 VERITAS NetBackup 3.4/4.5 Backup PRIMEPOWER Solaris TM 7/8/9 OE NetWorker 6.1 VERITAS NetBackup 3.4/4.5 Client PRIMERGY WindowsNT 4.0 Windows 2000 NetWorker 6.1 VERITAS NetBackup 3.4/4.5 10

13 Cartridge Handling Precautions The following precautions are intended to ensure optimum reliability and performance of your tape cartridges.. The tape cartridge Only use LTO Ultrium 1 or LTO Ultrium 2 tape cartridges with the LT160 tape library. LTO Ultrium tape cartridges have in-built non-contacting cartridge memory. Directory information is recorded on this cartridge memory to eliminate any need to write directory information onto the tapes. This reduces tape wear and improves reliability. Compatibility of Ultrium Tape Drive/Cartridge The compatibility between Ultrium tape drive/cartridge generations is limited as shown in the table below. When purchasing Ultrium tape drives/cartridges, you should ensure the required compatibility is possible. Ultrium1 Drive Ultrium2 Drive Ulrtium1 Tape Cartridge Readable/writable using Ultrium1 format Readable/writable using Ultrium1 format Ulrtium2 Tape Cartridge Not available Readable/writable using Ultrium2 format Ultrium Cleaning Tape Cartridge U Available Available Replacement Tape cartridges are consumable items, and not designed for permanent use. The more they are used, the more frequently errors may occur. Tape cartridge life is typically 30 years; even longer if stored and handled properly. We recommend, however, regular replacement of cartridges for data assurance. For recommended tape cartridge replacement intervals, refer to the following table. We also recommend regular replacement based on the frequency of use. For the storage of mission critical data, we recommend earlier replacement. Frequency of use Once a day Once a week or less Replacement Within two years Within 10 years 11

14 Products Ultrium1 Tape Cartridge 100GB Ultrium2 Tape Cartridge 200GB Ultrium Cleaning Cartridge U *2 Type Tape width Single reel cartridge tape 12.65mm(1/2inch) Tape length 609m - Capacity *1 100GB (200GB) 200GB (400GB) - Dimensions mm *1:This value is nominal. The value in parentheses is when data can be stored compressed in the ratio 2:1. *2:Use only Universal cleaning cartridges. Each cleaning cartridge can be used up to 50 times. Notes To avoid accidental damage do not pile cartridges on top of each other. When a cartridge is damaged, data must be migrated to a new cartridge immediately after restoration, and the damaged cartridge should be discarded. The LTO Ultrium tape cartridge ensures accurate reading/writing by use of information recorded on its servo tracks. If for data security, data is erased by magnetic eraser, the servo tracks are also erased and the cartridge becomes unusable. Tape deterioration can cause adhesive to stick to the magnetic heads. This can cause read/write errors. To prevent this, ensure cartridges are stored properly in the appropriate environment. 1. Storing cartridges Please store recorded cartridges under the following environmental conditions. Environmental Conditions Temperature 16 to 32 C Humidity 20-80%RH Wet-bulb temperature Max 26 C Other No condensation For long-term storage, cartridges must be stored vertically. Please keep cartridges away from direct sunlight and dusty environments. Please keep cartridges away from power cables, motors, and power units; data can be destroyed by magnetic field radiation. 12

15 2. Transportation Please adhere to the following environmental conditions when transporting tape cartridges. Environmental Conditions Temperature - 23 to 49 C Humidity 5-80%RH Wet-bulb temperature Max. 26 C Magnetic field strength 4000A/m or less Other No condensation When using a tape cartridge brought from an external environment, store the cartridge in the internal environment for at least 24 hours before using. This avoids any rapid change in temperature and humidity, and will acclimatize it to the internal environment. Cartridges must be transported in containers capable of protecting them from water, dirt, magnetic fields, temperature changes, vibration and shocks. 3. Leader pin Please ensure that the leader pin is attached to the tape before inserting the cartridge. If the leader pin, of a recorded tape, has slipped off, just reattach it to the tape, and the cartridge will be again ready for use. The leader pin should be reattached within 30cm of the beginning of the tape. Ensure the leader pin is properly latched when a tape is inserted into a drive. Tape cartridges are manufactured with precision. Please do not put cartridges under stress, pull out leader pins or the tape, or push or turn the reel hub. 4. Labeling When labeling cartridges, use labels of good adhesive quality. Insecurely affixed labels can cause cartridge failure in the drive. We recommend using the labels supplied with the cartridges or labels provided by the magnetic tape vendor. 13

16 Glossary *1 MTBF Mean Time Between Failure. The average time between one system failure and the next. The larger the figure, the more stable and reliable the system is supposed to be. *2 EEPROM Electrically erasable programmable read-only memory. A memory chip that can be erased and recorded electrically. *3 RF interface Radio frequency interface. *4 SynfinityCluster/HA This provides cluster functionality as do the equivalent functions inprimecluster. PRIMECLUSTER is a powerful, integrated and cost effective product suite that delivers high system availability and scalability. It does this by letting multiple Fujitsu Servers operate as a single system. 14

17 About This White Paper This white paper is devoted to providing technical information and an overview of the basic facilities of ETERNUS LT160 tape library. The contents of this documentation may be modified without any prior notice. Please contact Fujitsu Limited if you find any error in descriptions. Fujitsu Limited is not responsible for indemnity that might be caused by the contents in this documentation or any damage related to contents in this documentation. FUJITSU LIMITED Global Marketing Platform Business Group 4-1-1, Kamikodanaka, Nakahara-ku, Kawasaki Japan Web Information Service "Fujitsu Storage System Web Site " 15