ISO 9001:2000 SIL A. Overcurrent and Earth-Fault relay USER S MANUAL SER S MANUAL

Transcription

1 SIL A Overcurrent and Earth-Fault relay USER S MANUAL SER S MANUAL

2 1. RECEPTION, HANDLING, INSTALLATION Unpacking Reception of relays Handling electronic equipment Installation, commissioning and service Storage Recycling DIMENSIONS AND CONNECTION DIAGRAMS No compact SILA (with external magnetic module) SIL-A front view Rear and side view of LPCT models (SIL-AXX) Rear and side view of 5A and 1A models Bottom and Top view of the magnetic module for 5A and 1A models Cutting plate Connection Diagrams Terminals Compact SILA (without external magnetic module) Equipment front view Equipment dimensions Cutting plate Connection diagrams Terminals DESCRIPTION Introduction Description Functional Diagram List of SIL-A models Phase CT and neutral CT selection SIL-A/1 charge curve SIL-A/5 charge curve PROTECTION FUNCTIONS Functions 50P_1 and 50P_2. Instant phase overcurrent Function 51P. Phase inverse time overcurrent Functions 50N_1 and 50N_2. Neutral instant overcurrent Function 51N. Neutral inverse time overcurrent Function 46. Negative sequence instant overcurrent Function 49. Thermal image protectcion Thermal image measurement evolution graphic Thermal image with memory Thermal image measurement display. Reset SIL-A_Rev10 i / 2

3 4.6.4 Thermal protection curves Function 52. Circuit Breaker monitoring Circuit Breaker opening and closing commands Counter to register the number of openings Accumulated amps counter: I 2 t Maximum openings in a time window BF Circuit Breaker opening fault TCS. Trip circuit supervision Autorecloser Counter to record the number of reclosings Cold Load Pickup General settings Settings table IEC Curves ANSI-IEEE Curves Application examples MONITORING AND CONTROL Switchgear rated current and measurements Application example SILAXX Counters Statuses and Events Fault report Real-Time Clock (RTC) Oscillography Data diagram: input assigning, output and leds configuration Configurable Inputs Configurable Outputs Configurable LEDs Self-diagnosis Commands Telecontrol Date-time synchronisation Test program Power Thermal load of the current circuits SPECIFICATIONS Technical Specifications Standards COMMUNICATIONS AND HMI Local communication port. RS SIL-A_Rev10 ii / 3

4 7.2. Remote communications ports LCD and keypad SICom Communications program Setting up the session: Password and access levels Menus Standby mode screen Last Trip screen Accessing the menus Date-Time Menu Fault report Communication parameters and versions Test Menu Functional Menu Measurements Menu Status Menu Settings Menu Events Menu Counters Menu Commands Menu Input Configuration Menu Leds, logical outputs and physical outputs configuration Menu MODBUS RTU PROTOCOL ModBus package format Function codes Exemptions an error answers Data type Memory map of SIL A General Status Map Counters Map Commands Map Measurements Map Protection criteria map Protection status map Events list Settings map Examples of ModBus frames IEC PROTOCOL Physical layer Application layer IEC PROTOCOL SIL-A_Rev10 iii / 4

5 10.1 DATA MODEL SERVICES OPERATION APPENDIX Identification: Checks: Switches configuration: LPCT Models A and 1A Models Test menu: Register of commissioning settings Neutral and phase rated currents: P_ P_ P N_ N_ N Cold Load Pickup BF TCS Inputs: Inputs configuration Outputs configuration Leds configuration Leds configuration Template: Comments SIL-A_Rev10 iv / 5

6 1. RECEPTION, HANDLING, INSTALLATION 1.1. Unpacking Relays must only be handled by qualified personnel and special care must be taken to protect all of their parts from any damage while they are being unpacked and installed. The use of good illumination is recommended to facilitate the equipment visual inspection. The facility must be clean and dry and relays should not be stored in places that are exposed to dust or humidity. Special care must be taken if construction work is taking place Reception of relays It is necessary to inspect the equipment at the time it is delivered to ensure that the relays have not been damaged during transport. If any defect is found, the transport company and FANOX should be informed immediately. If the relays are not for immediate use, they should be returned to their original packaging Handling electronic equipment Relays contain an electronic component that is sensitive to electrostatic discharges. Just by moving, a person can build up an electrostatic potential of several thousand volts. Discharging this energy into electronic components can cause serious damage to electronic circuits. It is possible that this damage may not be detected straight away, but the electronic circuit eliability and life will be reduced. This electronic component in the equipment is well protected by the metal housing, which should not be removed as the equipment cannot be adjusted internally. If it is necessary to disassemble the electronic component, this must be carried out with care and contact with electronic components, printed circuits and connections must be avoided to prevent an electrostatic discharge that could damage one of the components. If the electronic components are stored outside the metal housing, they must be placed in an antistatic conductive bag. If it is necessary to open a module, care must be taken to preserve the equipment reliability and the duration of the life cycle as designed by the manufacturer by taking the following actions: Touch the housing to ensure that you have the same potential Avoid touching the electronic components and handle the module by its edges. Remember that everyone who handles the module must have the same potential. Use a conductive bag to transport the module. For more information about how to handle electronic circuits, consult official documents such as the IEC 147-OF. SIL-A_Rev10 1 / 6

7 1.4. Installation, commissioning and service The personnel in charge of installing, commissioning and maintaining this equipment must be qualified and must be aware of the procedures for handling it. The product documentation should be read before installing, commissioning or carrying out maintenance work on the equipment. Personnel should take specific protection measures to avoid the risk of electronic discharge when access is unlocked on the rear part of the equipment. In order to guarantee safety, the crimp terminal and a suitable tool must be used to meet isolation requirements on the terminal strip. Crimped terminations must be used for the voltage and current connections. It is necessary to connect the equipment to earth through the corresponding terminal, using the shortest possible cable. As well as guaranteeing safety for the personnel, this connection allows high frequency noise to be evacuated directly to earth. The following checks must be performed before the equipment is supplied: The rated voltage and polarity. The power rating of the CT circuit and the integrity of the connections. The integrity of the earth connection. The equipment must be used within the stipulated electrical and environmental limits. NOTE: current transformer circuits: Do not open a live CT secondary circuit. The high voltage produced as a result could damage the isolation and threaten lives Storage If the relays are not going to be installed immediately, they must be stored in a dust- and humidity free environment after the visual inspection has been performed Recycling Before recycling the equipment, the capacitors should be discharged through the external terminals. All electrical power sources should be removed before performing this operation to avoid the risk of electrical discharge. This product must be disposed of in a safe way. It should not be incinerated or brought into contact with water sources like rivers, lakes, etc SIL-A_Rev10 2 / 7

8 2. DIMENSIONS AND CONNECTION DIAGRAMS 2.1. No compact SILA (with external magnetic module) SIL-A front view SIL-A_Rev10 3 / 8

9 ISO 9001: Rear and side view of LPCT models (SIL-AXX) Dimensions are in mm Rear and side view of 5A and 1A models SIL-A_Rev10 4 / 9

10 ISO 9001: Bottom and Top view of the magnetic module for 5A and 1A models SIL-A_Rev10 5 / 10

11 ISO 9001: Cutting plate CUTTI ING PLATE SIL-A_Rev10 6 / 11

12 Connection Diagrams Analog connections and communications of LPCT models (SIL-AXX) SIL-A_Rev10 7 / 12

13 Analog connections and communications of 5A and 1A models 3 CT OF PHASES AND 1 CT OF NEUTRAL SIL-A_Rev10 8 / 13

14 3 CT OF PHASES SIL-A_Rev10 9 / 14

15 2 CT OF PHASES AND 1 CT OF NEUTRAL SIL-A_Rev10 10 / 15

16 ISO 9001:2000 Digital connections SIL-A_Rev10 11 / 16

17 ISO 9001:2000 Outputs and Trip circuit supervision SIL-A_Rev10 12 / 17

18 ISO 9001: Terminals Terminals of LPCT models (SIL-AXX)) SIL-A_Rev10 13 / 18

19 ISO 9001:2000 Terminals of 5A and 1A models SIL-A_Rev10 14 / 19

20 Terminals description A1 Digital 1 common output D1 A RS485 IEC A2 1 NC digital output D2 B RS485 IEC A3 1 NO digital output D3 Gnd RS485 IEC A4 Digital 2 common output D4 A RS485 Modbus RTU A5 2 NC digital output D5 B RS485 Modbus RTU A6 2 NO digital output D6 Gnd RS485 Modbus RTU A7-A8 3 NO digital output A Phase A input A9-A10 4 NO digital output B Phase B input A11-A12 5 NO digital output C Phase C input B1 Digital input 1 F Magnetic Module Input B2 Digital input 2 E1 74TCS voltage presence B3 Digital input 3 E2 74TCS coil 1 B4 Digital input 4 E3 74TCS coil 2 B5 Common digital inputs 1, 2, 3 and 4 E4 Common 74TCS C1 Digital input 5 V1 + Auxiliary voltage. C2 Digital input 6 V2 - Auxiliary voltage. C3 Digital input 7 C4 Digital input 8 C5 Common digital inputs 5, 6, 7 and 8 SIL-A_Rev10 15 / 20

21 2.2. Compact SILA (without external magnetic module) Equipment front view Equipment dimensions SIL-A_Rev10 16 / 21

22 ISO 9001: Cutting plate CUTTING PLAT CUTTING PLATE TE SIL-A_Rev10 17 / 22

23 ISO 9001: Connection diagrams Analog connections and communica ations of 5A and 1A models 3 PHASES CT AND 1 NEUTRAL CT. 3 PHASESS CT. SIL-A_Rev10 18 / 23

24 ISO 9001: PHASES CT AND 1 NEUTRAL CT. SIL-A_Rev10 19 / 24

25 ISO 9001:2000 Digital connections SIL-A_Rev10 20 / 25

26 ISO 9001:2000 Outputs and Trip circuit supervision SIL-A_Rev10 21 / 26

27 ISO 9001: Terminals Compact SILA with IEC protocol SIL-A_Rev10 22 / 27

28 Compact SILA with IEC terminals description A1 Digital 1 common output D4 A RS485 Modbus RTU A2 1 NC digital output D5 B RS485 Modbus RTU A3 1 NO digital output D6 Gnd RS485 Modbus RTU A4 Digital 2 common output A A phase input A5 2 NC digital output B Phase B input A6 2 NO digital output C Phase C input A7-A8 3 NO digital output G RJ45 connector for IEC A9-A10 4 NO digital output E1 74TCS voltage presence A11-A12 5 NO digital output E2 74TCS coil 1 B1 Digital input 1 E3 74TCS coil 2 B2 Digital input 2 E4 Common 74TCS B3 Digital input 3 V1 + Auxiliary voltage. B4 Digital input 4 V2 - Auxiliary voltage. B5 Common digital inputs 1, 2, 3 and 4 C1 Digital input 5 C2 Digital input 6 C3 Digital input 7 C4 Digital input 8 C5 Common digital inputs 5, 6, 7 and 8 SIL-A_Rev10 23 / 28

29 ISO 9001:2000 Compact SILA with IEC protocol SIL-A_Rev10 24 / 29

30 Compact SILA with IEC terminals description A1 Digital 1 common output D1 A RS485 IEC A2 1 NC digital output D2 B RS485 IEC A3 1 NO digital output D3 Gnd RS485 IEC A4 Digital 2 common output D4 A RS485 Modbus RTU A5 2 NC digital output D5 B RS485 Modbus RTU A6 2 NO digital output D6 Gnd RS485 Modbus RTU A7-A8 3 NO digital output A A phase input A9-A10 4 NO digital output B Phase B input A11-A12 5 NO digital output C Phase C input B1 Digital input 1 E1 74TCS voltage presence B2 Digital input 2 E2 74TCS coil 1 B3 Digital input 3 E3 74TCS coil 2 B4 Digital input 4 E4 Common 74TCS B5 Common digital inputs 1, 2, 3 and 4 V1 + Auxiliary voltage. C1 Digital input 5 V2 - Auxiliary voltage. C2 Digital input 6 C3 Digital input 7 C4 Digital input 8 C5 Common digital inputs 5, 6, 7 and 8 SIL-A_Rev10 25 / 30

31 3. DESCRIPTION 3.1. Introduction Worldwide, the energy sector is currently undergoing a profound change as a result of high levels of energy demand; more distribution lines and advanced supervision systems are required. Given the need for creating intelligent infrastructure, FANOX has developed the SIL family of products to carry out this function. The SIL- A relay is designed to protect the secondary transformation and distribution centres of electricity grids, using current functions. It is thought to work with a circuit breaker as element to cut the power. The protection functions can be enabled selectively by using both the front panel and the communications links to the SIcom program, allowing for precise coordination with other equipment. Additional benefits include that all of the models have been designed to be supplied from an external battery. This is aimed at facilitating event management and the commissioning of centres, as well as allowing it to operate properly under adverse conditions Description Power is supplied with an auxiliary voltage, and depending on the model, there are various operation ranges. It is possible to select an auxiliary voltage of Vdc or Vdc / Vac. As is the case for the rest of the SIL family, power can be fed from the front communications port RS-232 with an external battery, using the KITCOM adapter kit. This facilitates the Start-up of the centres and management of events. Apart from the overcurrent protection functions of a line with a circuit breaker, instantaneous phase and neutral, and protection against phase and neutral inverse time overcurrent, the relay provides phase imbalance and circuit breaker fault functions as well as a thermal image protection. As this is line protection, a re-closer is fitted. This automated control shall permit closure (up to five attempts) with the possibility of programming each reclosing time. It can be blocked by various means, from the keyboard with a separate key, to the remote communications. Further functions have been included which support line protection, such as the cold load pickup, or the trip circuit supervision. All models include a circuit breaker management block, which monitors the state of the circuit breaker, the number of openings and the accumulated amps. It generates an indication if these are excessive, it determines whether or not an Opening fault has occurred and allows the circuit breaker close and open commands from the HMI, with different keys, and via the communications port (either locally or remotely). The SIL-A equipment has eight inputs and five outputs that can be set by the user. The SIL-A equipment is housed in a metal box with galvanic isolation on all of its measurement or digital inputs and outputs (with the exception of ports for communications and battery power supply, as these are sporadic connections). This allows the equipment to have the best possible level of electromagnetic compatibility, both in terms of emission of, and immunity from, radiated and conducted interference. These levels are the same as those established for primary substations. SIL-A_Rev10 26 / 31

32 The equipment has an LCD with two lines and twenty columns and a membrane keyboard with six buttons. These allow the equipment status, the current measurements in the primary winding and the events or incidents associated with the equipment to be seen, and adjustments to be made to the protection criteria. Depending on the model, these events can be saved in a nonvolatile memory to keep them when there is no power. As well as the keys to navigate the menus, there are also special keys: Reset. To reset the signals and events. 79 lock. This locks and unlocks the recloser. Circuit breaker I/O. This serves to control the circuit breaker. The SIL-A equipment is fitted with 8 front leds, of which 2 have reserved functions and the other 6 can be set. The fixed function leds are as follows: Circuit breaker status. Recloser status. The other leds, 6, shall be used for incident signals and can be set to signal alarms and status. The equipment has storage for up to 500 events, allowing any registered incidents to be analysed. As an option, the equipment can be requested with a real time clock. To facilitate problem solving, and as a wide range of fault events may arise (recloser and reverse criteria) that may not be entirely detected by the oscillography as this is time limited, and as event recording consists of more general information, with the possibility of fault specific information being lost, the equipment includes a fault report record. This report allows the last 20 faults to be recorded with a capacity of 80 events per fault. In order to facilitate the analysis of events, it is fitted with 2 oscillography records, each one with 50 cycles (1 second at 50 Hz, seconds at 60 Hz). 3 prefault cycles and 47 postfault cycles. The oscillography start can be configured by the user. Each oscillography record shows the phase and neutral currents and up to 80 digital channels, which include start-ups and trips, the protection functions, inputs, outputs, etc. The COMTRADE format is used (IEEE C ). Current measurements are performed using RMS values, with an accuracy of 2% over a range of ±20% over the nominal current and 4% over the rest of the range. Standard 5 A and 1 A current transformers (CTs) are used. There are special models, SILA-XX where the current inputs have been replaced with low voltage signals, which are proportional to the primary current. The equipment has three communication ports: A front port (RS232) and two rear ports and as an option the physical medium of these can be selected, both in RS485 or plastic fiber optics. The RS232 port allows a PC to be connected, which can be used to monitor the equipment using the SICom communications program (supplied by FANOX). The rear communication ports are designed for different functions. While one is used for control, principally including the alarm and control functions, the other is designed for specific protection personnel consultations, with the possibility of consulting and changing, adjustment, or downloading of events and oscillography, all without affecting the control part operation. Depending on model, there are the following options respect to rear ports:. 1. Two RS485 rear ports, one for IEC protocol and the other one for MODBUS RTU protocol 2. Two different rear ports, one RS485 for MODBUS RTU protocol and other RJ45 for IEC protocol. SIL-A_Rev10 27 / 32

33 Setting-up a session allows four levels of access to be set up with passwords that can be configured by the user. The protective functions provided, easy-to-use interface, low amount of maintenance and simple integration make the SIL-A a precise and practical solution for protecting both industrial and public electrical grids and transformation and distribution centres. The SIL-A protection against earthing faults is sensitive enough to be used on electric systems with low earthing fault currents. It can be adjusted to 0.1 times the rated current and extremely low rated levels can be selected. The main features of the equipment are listed below, and these features will be explained in the rest of the manual: Function Description SIL-A Protection 50P Instantaneous phase overcurrent protection function 2 50N Instantaneous neutral overcurrent protection function 51P Phase inverse time overcurrent protection function 1 51N Neutral inverse time overcurrent protection function 1 46 Instantaneous negative sequence overcurrent protection function 79 Reclosing device Up to 5 attempts 50BF Opening fault 1 74TCS Trip circuit supervision 1 49 Thermal image protection function Optional Circuit Breaker 2 1 Measurements Status and control of the circuit breaker Counter to record the number of openings Accumulated amps counter: Maximum openings in a time window Phase and neutral (1*) rms currents with a precision of 2% in a band of ±20% when compared to the rated current, and 4% in the rest of the range. Negative sequence current Thermal image Depending on model (1*) On SIL-AXX models( LPCT type), the accuracy of the measurement in the neutral is 8% SIL-A_Rev10 28 / 33

34 Inputs and Outputs Configurable Inputs Configurable outputs 8 (Vaux) 2 (NO/NC) + 3 (NO) Communication and HMI Control and signalling LOCAL port: ModBus RTU REMOTE port: ModBus RTU REMOTE port: IEC REMOTE port: IEC SICom programme for Windows Setting-up the session: 4 access levels with configurable passwords Depending on model Depending on model HMI: LCD, 20x2 6 keys + 1 reset button + 2 keys for 52 control + 1 separate key for 79 Locking LED Indicators 8 Power Auxiliary voltage Vdc 90Vdc 300Vdc /110Vac 230 Vac Monitoring and Recording Events saved in the non-volatile FRAM* memory 500 Oscillography records in the non-volatile FRAM* memory Real-Time Clock (RTC 1 millisecond) 2 Records (50 cycles) 20 fault reports (80 events) Adjustments Table Cold Load Pickup Mechanical Test menu Self-diagnosis By Keys By Inputs By Communications Current activated Multiplying the tappings Dimensions 3 setting tables 4U x ½ rack SIL-A_Rev10 29 / 34

35 3.3. Functional Diagram SIL-A_Rev10 30 / 35

36 3.4. List of SIL-A models SIL TYPE PHASE MEASUREMENT NEUTRAL MEASUREMENT A NET FREQUENCY POWER SUPPLY ADDITIONAL FUNCTIONS COMMUNICATIONS INPUTS - OUTPUTS MECHANICS LANGUAGE ADAPTATION 50P1+50P2+51P+50N1+50N2+51N+52+50BF TCS + Cold Load Pickup 1 1 A 5 5 A X LPCT 1 1 A 5 5 A X LPCT 5 50 Hz 6 60 Hz A 24-48Vcc B Vcc / Vca RS485: ModBus + IEC FOP: ModBus + IEC FOC-ST: ModBus + IEC IEC ModBus (RS485) 0 5 outputs + 8 inputs 0 1 With external MMS module:4u x ½ rack Compact: 4U x ½ rack A B English, Spanish and French English, Spanish, French and Turkish A - SIL-A_Rev10 31 / 36

37 3.5. Phase CT and neutral CT selection The following table shows a summary of phase and neutral CT combinations: Model Phase Neutral Phase range Neutral range SIL-A55 CT 5 A Residual phase connection A A SIL-A11 CT 1 A Residual phase connection 0,2-30 A 0,2-30 A SIL-A51 CT 5 A CT 1 A A 0,2-30 A To ensure the relay functions correctly, a suitable current transformer must be used. The load of the relay s own measurement circuits and the load on the cables that connect the CTs and the relay must be taken into account. ACCURACY BURDEN RELAYS 5P10 1,5 VA SIL A/1 5P20 1,5 VA SIL A/1 5P30 1,5 VA SIL A/1 5P10 1,5 VA SIL A/5 5P20 1,5 VA SIL A/5 5P30 1,5 VA SIL A/5 The SIL-XX unit is fitted with standard inputs in accordance with standard IEC This standard established a rated voltage of 22.5mV for the rated current. SIL-A_Rev10 32 / 37

38 SIL-A/1 charge curve 0,04 Average Voltage (V) 0,03 0,02 0,01 0 SILA/1 Circuito de Medida SILA/1 measurement circuit SIL-A/5 charge curve 0,1 Average Voltage (V) 0,05 0 SILA/5 Circuito de Medida SILA/5 measurement circuit SIL-A_Rev10 33 / 38

39 4. PROTECTION FUNCTIONS 4.1. Functions 50P_1 and 50P_2. Instant phase overcurrent This protection function can be set by using three parameters: Group Description Minimum Maximum Step Unit Default Instantaneous phase overcurrent 50P_1 50P_2 Permission - - YES/NO - No Tap 0,10 30,00 0,01 Inominal 5,00 Operating time 0,02 300,0 0,01 s 0,02 The operating time is independent from the operating current flowing through the equipment, so if the phase current exceeds its predetermined value for an equal or greater amount of time than this preset value, the protection function activates (trips) and does not reset itself until the average value of the phase drops below the point of current pick-up. The function activates at 100% of the preset input, and deactivates at 95%. The reset is instantaneous. The accuracy of the operating time is equal to the preset time plus a maximum of 30 ms Function 51P. Phase inverse time overcurrent This protection function can be set by using five parameters: Group Description Minimum Maximum Step Unit Default Phase inverse time overcurrent 51P Permission - - YES/NO - No Curve - - (1*) - Extrem. Inverse IEC Dial 0,05 2,20 0,01-1,25 Tap 0,10 7,00 0,01 Inominal 1,00 Operating time 0,02 300,0 0,01 s 0,02 (1*) Inverse IEC, Very Inverse IEC, Extremely Inverse IEC, Inverse ANSI, very inverse ANSI, extremely inverse ANSI, Defined time. SIL-A_Rev10 34 / 39

40 If the option "Defined time" is selected for the curve setting, the unit behaves like an instantaneous overcurrent unit. In this case, the unit operating time is adjusted by using the parameter "Operating time". If a curve (inverse, very inverse or extremely inverse) is selected for the curve setting, the operating time depends on the curve, dial and tap settings. If the unit operates as defined time, the function is activated at 100% of the set tap value, and it deactivates at 95%. If the unit operates with a curve, the function is activated at 120% of the set tap value, and it deactivates at 100%. The reset is instantaneous in both cases. The activation time is accurate to ±5% or ±30ms, whichever is higher, of the theoretical activation time. The curves used are IEC and ANSI IEE, which are described in their section Functions 50N_1 and 50N_2. Neutral instant overcurrent. This protection function can be set by using three parameters: Group Description Minimum Maximum Step Unit Default Neutral instantaneous overcurrent. 50N_1 50N_2 Permission - - Yes/No - No Tap 0,10 30,00 0,01 Inominal 1,00 Operating time 0,02 300,0 0,01 s 0,02 The operating time is completely independent from the operating current that flows through the equipment, so if the neutral current exceeds its predetermined value for an equal or greater amount of time than this preset value, the protection function activates (trips) and does not reset itself until the average value of the phase drops below the point of current tap. The function activates at 100% of the preset input, and deactivates at 95%. The reset is instantaneous. The accuracy of the operation time is equal to the preset time plus a maximum of 30 ms. SIL-A_Rev10 35 / 40

41 4.4. Function 51N. Neutral inverse time overcurrent This protection function can be set by using the following parameters: Group Description Minimum Maximum Step Unit Default Neutral inverse time 51N Permission - - Yes/No - No Curve - - (1*) - Extrem. Inverse IEC Dial 0,05 2,20 0,01-1,25 Tap 0,10 7,00 0,01 Inominal 0,50 Operating time 0,02 300,0 0,01 s 0,02 (1*) Inverse IEC, Very Inverse IEC, Extremely Inverse IEC, Inverse ANSI, very inverse ANSI, extremely inverse ANSI, Defined time If the option "Defined time" is selected for the curve setting, the unit behaves like an instantaneous overcurrent unit. In this case, the unit operating time is adjusted by using the parameter "Operating time". If a curve (inverse, very inverse or extremely inverse) is selected for the curve setting, the operating time depends on the curve, dial and tap settings. If the unit operates as defined time, the function is activated at 100% of the set tap value, and it deactivates at 95%. If the unit operates with a curve, the function is activated at 120% of the set tap value, and it deactivates at 100%. The reset is instantaneous in both cases. The activation time is accurate to ±5% or ±30ms, whichever is higher, of the theoretical activation time. The curves used are IEC and ANSI IEE, which are described in their section. SIL-A_Rev10 36 / 41

42 4.5. Function 46. Negative sequence instant overcurrent. This protection function can be set by using three parameters: Group Description Minimum Maximum Step Unit Default Negative sequence instant overcurrent 46 Permission - - Yes/No - No Tap 0,10 1 0,01 Inominal 0,2 Operating time 0,02 300,0 0,01 s 0,02 The operating time is completely independent from the operating current that flows through the equipment, so if the negative sequence current exceeds its predetermined value for an equal or greater amount of time than this preset value, the protection function activates (trips) and does not reset itself until the average value of the phase drops below the point of current tap. The function activates at 100% of the preset input, and deactivates at 95%. The reset is instantaneous. The accuracy of the operation time is equal to the preset time plus a maximum of 30 ms. SIL-A_Rev10 37 / 42

43 4.6. Function 49. Thermal image protectcion Thermal image is a measurement of heating and cooling of an electric machine. Unlike an overcurrent protection, time is not counted when a fault is detected, but by this way it continues determing the thermal status of monitorized machine. Tripping time depends on adjusted thermal constants, operative current and previous thermal status of the machine. Thermal image is calculated based on next equation: θ = 100 x (I/It) 2 x (1 e-t/ζ) + θ 0 x e-t/ζ where: I, maximum three phase r.m.s. current It, adjusted tap current ζ, thermal constant θ 0, initial thermal status Tripping time is determined by next equation: t = ζ x ln { [(I/It) 2 (θ 0 / 100) ] / [(I/It) 2-1] } Tripping time accuracy is the 5% over the theoric time. The algorithm uses the maximum current of the three phase currents. If the maximum current is higher than 15% of the adjusted tap, heating thermal constant is applied. If maximum current is lower than 15% of the adjusted tap, cooling thermal constant is applied. Overload function trips when thermal image reachs the value of 100%. This value is got when the flow current is equal to the adjusted tap for the thermal image. A configurable level is established in order to generate an alarm. If a trip is occurred, overload function is reset when thermal image is below to the ajusted alarm level. As the measurement algorithm used is R.M.S., the heating produced by the armonics is taken into account for the the thermal model. SIL-A_Rev10 38 / 43

44 Settings of this protection function are displayed on next table: Function Description Minimum Maximum Step Unit Default 49 Thermal image protection Permission - - Yes/No - No Tap 0,10 2,40 0,01 I nominal 1,2 ζ heating min 3 ζ cooling ζ heating 1 Alarm % Thermal image measurement evolution graphic On next graphic, thermal image measuremet evolution can be observed depending on applied current: Th % 100% 75% t alarm trip We suppose that thermal image protection has and adjusted tap of 1,1 times the nominal current and an alarm level of 75%. SIL-A_Rev10 39 / 44

45 Zone 1: The machine is deenergized for a long time. Therma image is 0%. Zone 2: We supply the machine with the nominal current. Thermal image evolutions so as to get the value of the thermal balance corresponding to one time the nominal current Th = (I/It) 2 = 82%. The time that it takes in getting the thermal balance depends on the adjusted heating constant. Zone 3: Once reached the thermal image corresponding to the application of one time the nominal current, we apply 1,2 times the nominal current. Therma image will evolutione so as to get the thermal balance corresponding to 1,2 times the nominal current Th = (I/It) 2 = 119%. This would occur if we had the permission of the thermal function disabled. If the permission is disabled, 49 protection function performs when the thermal image reachs the value of 100%. Once tripped, current is cutted and thermal image is getting cool based on the cooling constant. Zone 4: Before getting totally cool, nominal current is applied again and thermal balnace is reached once passed the time determined by the heating thermal constant. Thermal image protection alarm bit is active if the thermal image measurement is over the adjusted alarm level. Thermal image protection trip bit is active when the measurement of the thermal image is over 100% and it is reset when the measurement of the thermal image is under the adjusted alarm level Thermal image with memory Thermal image is stored in non-volatile RAM memory periodically every second. By this way, though the relay loses the power supply, it will keep the thermal status of the machine Thermal image measurement display. Reset. Thermal image measuremet can be displayed on Measurement menu and Counters menu. Display is possible in Measurement menu. Display and thermal image value reset is possible in Counters menu. SIL-A_Rev10 40 / 45

46 4.6.4 Thermal protection curves s cold hot 25% hot 50% hot 75% Times Tap This is the thermal curve for ζ = 3 minutes. SIL-A_Rev10 41 / 46

47 4.7. Function 52. Circuit Breaker monitoring This function allows the status of the circuit breaker to be monitored and preventive maintenance to be performed, for which the following parameters need to be configured: Group Description Minimum Maximum Step Unit Default Circuit breaker monitoring Maximum number of openings Maximum accumulated amperes KA Opening time 0,02 300,0 0,01 s 0,10 Closing time 0,02 300,0 0,01 s 0,10 Maximum repeated openings Time of maximum repeated openings 1,00 300,0 0,01 min 9,00 NOTE: The Maximum accumulated amperes adjustment units are MA² (square mega amperes) whilst the Accumulated amperes counter units are KA² (square kilo amperes). It is also necessary to assign the logical inputs 52a and/or 52b to a physical input. This function provides information about the circuit breaker status and if any maintenance alarm has been activated. SIL-A_Rev10 42 / 47

48 The following statuses are associated with this function: Function Status Description Start Error Open Opening time Opening fault Energized/Deenergized These are the different statuses of the circuit breaker automatic control 52 Closed Closing time Closing fault No. of configured openings exceeded No. of configured accumulated (l2t) amps exceeded Repeated Trips Activated if the counter that measures the number of openings exceeds the "Maximum number of openings" setting Activated if the accumulated amps counter exceeds "Maximum accumulated amps" setting Activated the number of openings exceeds the setting in "Maximum repeated openings" for the time set in "Time of maximum repeated openings" The way that the circuit breaker is monitored becomes more or less complex depending on whether it is fitted with one breaker contact (52a or 52b) or both (52a and 52b). SIL-A_Rev10 43 / 48

49 If only the circuit breaker 52a contact is available, it should be wired to the corresponding physical input. This physical input is then assigned to the "52a Input logical input. The 52b logical input is calculated internally as the negative of 52a. The circuit breaker performance is shown in the following finite state machine: If only the circuit breaker 52b contact is available, it should be wired to the corresponding physical input. This physical input is then assigned to the "52b Input logical input. The 52a logical input is calculated internally as the negative of 52b. The circuit breaker performance is shown in the following finite state machine: SIL-A_Rev10 44 / 49

50 If both of the circuit breaker contacts 52a and 52b are available, they should be wired to the two physical inputs. These physical inputs are then assigned to the corresponding logical inputs: the circuit breaker 52a contact to the "52a Input" logical input, and the circuit breaker 52b contact to the "52b Input" logical input. The circuit breaker's automaton is considered as having eight statuses: Start, open, closed, error, opening time, opening fault, closing time and closing fault. The circuit breaker performance is shown in the following finite state machine: Circuit Breaker opening and closing commands The circuit breaker opening and closing commands are implemented. These commands can be executed from the HMI commands menu or using the HMI s specific keypad or from local or remote communications. In order that the command related to the key can run, the menu must be in standby mode. To carry out commands from the remote communications (ModBus or IEC ) the equipment must be in TELECONTROL mode. (see the telecontrol section). For the commands to have an effect, they should be assigned to the corresponding outputs. The "Open circuit breaker" and "Close circuit breaker" bits are assigned to their corresponding outputs in the "CONTROL" status group in the status menu. SIL-A_Rev10 45 / 50

51 Counter to register the number of openings The SIL-A equipment is fitted with a counter that registers the number of times the circuit breaker opens. This counter is associated with the "Maximum number of openings" setting. When the number of openings exceeds this preset value, the "Maximum number of openings" status is activated and its corresponding event is generated. This counter reading can be set to any value from within its range from the HMI or by communications Accumulated amps counter: I 2 t An accumulated amps counter is also fitted. This counter accumulates the amps that are cleared by the circuit breaker by opening. When the circuit breaker opens, the maximum number of primary amps in any of the phases is detected. This reading is squared and divided by 1000 and then rescaled to KA and accumulated. If the current detected in the opening is less than the rated current, the rated current value is used for the accumulation. It is used in conjunction with the counter of the number of openings, to measure the circuit breaker aging process. Since primary amps are being accumulated, it is essential to correctly adjust the phase CT transformation ratio. The "Maximum accumulated amps" setting is associated with this counter. When the number of accumulated amps exceeds this preset value, the "Maximum accumulated amps" status is activated and its corresponding event is generated. The value of this counter can be started at any value within its range from the hmi or from communications, if this protection is fitted on a circuit breaker with a previous service life. This alarm can be replaced by modifying the Accumulated Amps counter. The display unit shall be KA² (square kilo amperes) Maximum openings in a time window As well as counting the number of times the circuit breaker opens, the SIL-A equipment sets up a time window and the maximum number of openings allowed during this time. Both parameters can be adjusted. When this number is exceeded, the "Repeated Trips" status is activated and its corresponding event is generated. This alarm resets itself, when the corresponding time is exceeded with less trips than those indicated. SIL-A_Rev10 46 / 51

52 BF Circuit Breaker opening fault This function settings are as follows: Group Description Minimum Maximum Step Unit Default Circuit breaker opening fault 50BF Permission - - Yes/No - No Opening fault time 0,02 1,00 0,001 s 0,4 The following automaton describes the open fault function: Trip 50BF t > Run INIT_50BF = 1 Pickup 50BF Imax< 8% Inominal Imax< 8% Inominal Reset 50BF INIT_50BF = 0 Imax< 8% Inominal When the 50BF start status is activated, a switch is made to the "50BF" start and time is counted. If, following the adjusted open fault time, the switch is not detected to have open, the function trips. The function is reset when the circuit breaker is detected to have opened, and the 50BF start status has been reset. To monitor the circuit breaker opening the current measurement via the three phases is used. When the current via the three phases is less than 8% of the rated current, the circuit breaker is considered to be open. SIL-A_Rev10 47 / 52

53 There is a 50BF start input to start the open fault from an external protection. The 50BF start status is an adjustable logic output. The default configuration is shown below: Opening fault input activation (50BF start input) Circuit breaker opening from an HMI/local modbus Circuit breaker opening from a remote modbus Circuit breaker opening from IEC General trip TCS. Trip circuit supervision This function permits monitoring of the circuit breaker trip circuits. This is performed in two ways: Verifying there is a trip voltage. Verifying the continuity of the trip circuit, in both circuit breaker position, both open and closed. For the first monitoring procedure, a digital input is fitted, with stricter activation than the other inputs. For the second monitoring procedure, a weak current is injected which must flow from the relay to the circuit breaker trip coil. Finally, to avoid spurious components this must be appropriately time delayed. This function settings are as follows: Group Description Minimum Maximum Step Unit Default Trip circuit supervision 74TCS Permission - - Yes/No - No Time delay 0,02 300,00 0,01 s 2,00 The schematic for this criteria is as follows: Circuit A superv ision Circuit B superv ision Control v oltage T T 0 T_UP Function permission SIL-A_Rev10 48 / 53

54 Autorecloser The reclosing function recloses the circuit breaker after a fault. It has a five reclosing capacity, following which the unit shall be Locked or in Lockout mode. The reclose device can be permitted or prohibited, depending on whether or not this function is required. Prohibited must not be confused with locked. Prohibited means that the recloser shall never be in operation, regardless of the controls performed on it. A locked recloser means that the recloser is not operative, but either because it has reached the end of the reclosing cycle, or a fault has been detected, or someone has performed a control procedure on it. There is a final permission which serves to indicate that recloser that it must wait a period of time before closure. In this time, there is usually an external condition, such as closure synchronism, and this condition in from an external input. Each reclosing cycle has its own specific operation time that can be set. Apart from these times, a further three times must be set: Hold times. This is the time the reclosing device waits for an external condition for closure. Replacement time. This is the Hold time for the recloser for a final closure. If during this time, there is another trip, the recloser count will increase. Final opening time The is the time used by the recloser to declare that the circuit breaker is finally open. In this case, the recloser understands that the opening was manual or via remote control, and no reclosing is necessary. On exceeding this time, the recloser shall switch to locked mode. The reclosing function settings are shown below: Group Description Minimum Maximum Step Unit Default Reclosing device Permission - - Yes/No - No Hold permission - - Yes/No - No Number of reclosings Reclose 1 time 0,02 300,00 0,01 s 0,30 79 Reclose 2 time 0,02 300,00 0,01 s 3,00 Reclose 3 time 0,02 300,00 0,01 s 180,00 Reclose 4 time 0,02 300,00 0,01 s 180,00 Reclose 5 time 0,02 300,00 0,01 s 180,00 Hold time 0,02 300,00 0,01 s 10,00 Replacement time 0,02 300,00 0,01 s 10,00 Final Opening Time 0,02 300,00 0,01 s 10,00 SIL-A_Rev10 49 / 54

55 It must be possible to lock the recloser, particularly is maintenance tasks are carried out on the substation. To this end there are various SIL-A locking and unlocking possibilities: From the HMI. There is a specific key marked 79, plus a specific signal led, allowing recloser operation, locking or unlocking it. In order that the command related to the key can run, the menu must be in standby mode. From the HMI. This command can be executed from the control menu. From two pulse inputs. If the substation is equipped with a conventional remote control, two pulse outputs are usually assigned, where one locks the recloser and the other locks it. Via protocol. This is performed via any means of communication. This is carried out as if it were a control, and the normal conditions of any control must be met. For example, if we are operating from the HMI, it is understood that the relay is in local mode, whereby if a Lock/Unlock command is received via remote control this shall be ignored. From a level input. In this case the recloser monitors the status of the input. This may be of use if the company has a handle with a key. In the first four cases, the equipment stores the lock situation in the non-volatile memory, as the last control must be know for a possible re-start. The auto-recloser s start up is shown in the following figure: There are two stable conditions here, Standby and Lockout, the other conditions are transient. SIL-A_Rev10 50 / 55

56 STANDBY 52 Close 52 Open Manual Open Time Reclose Init 79 Init Input + Configurable Init TimeOut N=N+1 Reclose Time N > Max Number Shots TimeOut 52 Is Open? 52 Close Wait Reclose Condition No Hold Time Hold Time TimeOut Reclose Condition Input Close Time TimeOut Reclose Init 52 Close TimeOut Reset Time 52 Close & 79 Unblock Command TimeOut Safety Time 52 Open LOCKOUT 79 Block Input + 79 Block Command SIL-A_Rev10 51 / 56

57 On standby. The recloser can leave this mode via three conditions: Recloser lock, via a command. Manual or remote control opening of the circuit breaker. In this situation it shall await the final opening of the same, and then it shall switch to lock mode. Circuit breaker trip. This shall start the reclosing cycles. This start may arise either from the trip itself, or from an external input if external protection is fitted. When locked. The recloser shall switch from this condition as a result of two different conditions: Manual or remote control closing of the circuit breaker. In this case it shall switch to safety time. If, during this time, there is a trip, it shall revert to Lockout. Unlocking of the recloser. Via a command. Of all the remaining conditions, it is interesting to know that the recloser sends a closure command whilst it is in the Close Time condition, and for this reason if you wish to programme an output on said command, the output must be set to the Estado79TmpCierre bit. The 79 start status is an adjustable logic output. The default configuration is shown below: Activation of the recloser start input ( 79 start input ) 51P trip 51N trip 46 trip By default, in this configuration, the recloser is not activated by the operations of functions 50P_1, 50P_2, 50N_1, 50N_2 and 50BF. SIL-A_Rev10 52 / 57

58 Counter to record the number of reclosings The SIL-A equipment is fitted with a counter that records the number of reclosings Cold Load Pickup This unit is used to prevent undesired operations of the overcurrent functions in the cases where when the line is deenergised, all the loads enter at the same time. This function settings are as follows: Group Description Minimum Maximum Step Unit Default Cold Load Pickup Permission - - Yes/No - No 50P_1 Multiplier 1 5 0, P_2 Multiplier 1 5 0,01-1 CLP 51P Multiplier 1 5 0, N_1 Multiplier 1 5 0, N_2 Multiplier 1 5 0, N Multiplier 1 5 0,01-1 CLP switch time s 15 CLP duration s 15 The two time parameters have the following meaning: CLP switch time: If the circuit has been open for less time than that set in this parameter, the Cold Load Pickup is not activated. When this time is exceeded the overcurrent functions are multiplied by the indicated constant. CLP duration: Time from the passage of current in which time the Multiplier is applied to the instant overcurrent functions tap. After this time, the relay returns to the adjusted taps. There is a conditioner in the multiplier. The maximum protection functions are located in their tap. This maximum can never be exceeded, regardless of the adjusted tap in the protection function and the Cold Load function multiplier. The function operated according to the following automaton. The automaton consists of six conditions, with three being those with normal adjustment, and three with the extended adjustments. During transit, the settings are maintained according to where they come from. The current level is used to determine the change, more than the circuit breaker situation. If the current less then 10% of the rated level, it is understood that the line is open, with an extremely low usage level (operating at night, or on weekends). In one case or the other a Cold Load must Pickup. SIL-A_Rev10 53 / 58

59 The relay normally operates with the settings in their active table. When the circuit breaker opens, a timer starts. The remote control could activate circuit breaker closure, and also, if a permanent fault occurs the circuit breaker may open again. To prevent the increase counter from resetting there is a condition which reduces the activation time from where it was. If the counter exceeds its limit, a switch is made to Cold Load. On the contrary, if the counter reaches zero, a switch is made to the standby condition. This mechanism is identical in Cold Load reset. In > 10% Time to deactivate CLP decrementing Time Out Time to deactivate CLP incrementing In < 10% Time Out In > 10% Run In < 10% Cold Load Pickup Time Out Time Out In > 10% Time to activate CLP incrementing Time to activate CLP decrementing In < 10% SIL-A_Rev10 54 / 59

60 4.12. General settings. General settings establish some parameters that are necessary for the relay to operate. These settings are defined as general because they affect the entire relay, and as a result they are not subject to a change of table Function Description Minimum Maximum Step Unit Defect General Settings Equipment identifier fanox.com CT phase ratio or Rated phase current for SILAXX devices CT neutral ratio or Rated neutral current for SILAXX devices Frequency /50 Hz 50 Language English Active table Communications direction speed bauds 9600 Direction modbus Speed modbus bauds SIL-A_Rev10 55 / 60

61 1. Equipment Identifier. This is an ASCII text, for equipment identification. Normally protection equipment is associated with a specific line or position, and this setting is used for this identification. It is important that this field is filled in correctly, as the information regarding events and oscillography are accompanied with this information. 2. The phase and neutral CT transformation ratio setting allows the measurements of the primary values from the protection transformer to be viewed. Given that the SIL-A is a passthrough module that allows several turns to be made, the number of turns must be taken into account when the transformation ratios are adjusted. 3. Frequency. The equipment frequency is displayed. The frequency is selected by means of an internal equipment selector, which can be accessed by removing the rear selector access cover in no compact SILA. If the device is a compact SILA it is not possible to change the frequency because this parameter is imposed by the model. 4. Language. The SIL equipment is capable of displaying their messages in four languages, with English in all cases. Consult the list of models to find out which are available. 5. Active table: see Settings Table. 6. Communication settings (direction and speed of rear ports): see Communications The other settings are grouped according to functions, to ease management. These groups are subject to tables. The equipment identifier setting can only be adjusted through communications. The frequency setting is read only. The equipment frequency is selected from the list of models. The rest of the settings can be changed either from the HMI or through communications. Any change of settings, involves the reset of the functions, whether or not activated. SIL-A_Rev10 56 / 61

62 4.13. Settings table There are three group settings tables and one general table. The settings table which is active at a specific moment can be modified in two ways: Changing the active Table settings. In the general group there is a setting which establishes which table is active. By means of two inputs. To this end four possibilities are defined. 00 This situation is governed by the active table settings. 01 Table 1 10 Table 2 11 Table 3 In the zero position the active item is defined by the active table settings defined in the general group. Regarding other options, regardless of that established by the settings, the inputs prevail over the settings. If the use of both inputs is not required, then one can be used, but depending on which is used, operation can be done with table 1 or table 2. SIL-A_Rev10 57 / 62

63 4.14. IEC Curves The IEC curves follow the following mathematical equation: A D t = + B D + P V Q K Where: V = I I adjusted And we have the following curves: Inverse Curve Very Inverse Curve Extremely Inverse Curve Which relate to the parameters figuring in the following table: Parameters: A P Q B K Ext. Inverse Very Inverse 13, Inverse 0,14 0, The curve can mode from its axis using the D time selection device, which the user can adjust. Iadjusted is the initial operating current, set by the user. SIL-A_Rev10 58 / 63

64 IEC Inverse 1000, ,000 Dial 0,05 Dial 0,1 10,000 Dial 0,2 Dial 0,3 Dial 0,4 Dial 0,5 t (s) Dial 0,6 1,000 0,100 Dial 1,2 Dial 0,4 Dial 0,3 Dial 0,2 Dial 0,1 Dial 0,05 Dial 0,1 Dial 0,05 Dial 0,7 Dial 0,8 Dial 0,9 Dial 1,0 Dial 1,1 Dial 1,2 0,010 1,0 10,0 100,0 I/It SIL-A_Rev10 59 / 64

65 IEC Very Inverse 1000, ,000 Dial 0.05 Dial 0,1 10,000 Dial 0,2 Dial 0,3 Dial 0,4 Dial 0,5 t (s) Dial 0,6 Dial 0,7 Dial 0,8 1,000 Dial 0,9 Dial 1,0 Dial 1,1 0,100 0,010 1,0 10,0 100,0 I/It SIL-A_Rev10 60 / 65

66 IEC Extremely Inverse 1000, ,000 t (s) 10,000 1,000 Dial 0.05 Dial 0,1 Dial 0,2 Dial 0,3 Dial 0,4 Dial 0,5 Dial 0,6 Dial 0,7 Dial 0,8 Dial 0,9 Dial 1,0 Dial 1,1 0,100 0,010 1,0 10,0 100,0 I/It SIL-A_Rev10 61 / 66

67 4.15. ANSI-IEEE Curves The ANSI curves follow the following mathematical equation: t A ( TD) = + B P V 1 Where: V = I I adjusted And we have the following curves: Inverse Curve Very Inverse Curve Extremely Inverse Curve Which relate to the parameters figuring in the following table: Parameters A P B Ext. Inverse 28,2 2 0,1217 Very Inverse 19,61 2 0,491 Inverse 0,0515 0,02 0,114 The curve can move from its axis using the TD time selection device, which the user can adjust. Iadjusted is the initial operating current, set by the user. SIL-A_Rev10 62 / 67

68 ANSI IEEE Inverse 1000, ,000 10,000 Dial 0,05 Dial 0,1 Dial 0,2 Dial 0,5 t (s) Dial 0,8 Dial 1 1,000 Dial 2,2 Dial 1,2 Dial 1 Dial 0,5 Dial 1,2 Dial 1,5 Dial 2 Dial 0,2 0,100 Dial 0,1 Dial 0,05 0,010 1,0 10,0 100,0 I/It SIL-A_Rev10 63 / 68

69 ANSI IEEE Very Inverse 1000, ,000 10,000 Dial 0,05 Dial 0,1 Dial 0,2 Dial 0,5 t (s) Dial 0,8 Dial 1 1,000 Dial 2,2 Dial 0,8 Dial 1,2 Dial 1,5 Dial 2 Dial 0,5 0,100 Dial 0,2 Dial 0,1 Dial 0,05 0,010 1,0 10,0 100,0 I/It SIL-A_Rev10 64 / 69

70 ANSI IEEE Extremely Inverse 1000, ,000 10,000 Dial 0,05 Dial 0,1 Dial 0,2 Dial 0,5 t (s) Dial 0,8 Dial 1 Dial 1,2 Dial 1,5 1,000 Dial 2 Dial 2,2 0,100 0,010 1,0 10,0 100,0 I/It SIL-A_Rev10 65 / 70

71 4.16. Application examples It is important to know that if both overcurrent protection functions (50 and 51), phase or neutral, are enable, definite time function (function 50) must be more restrictive. So, if overcurrent fault values are low, inverse time overcurrent function (function 51) must work, and if overcurrent fault reaches a certain value, definite time overcurrent function will always work. This is because, when overcurrent fault reach high values (I>>), it is necessary to be sure that trip is going to be instantaneous to get that the element we are protecting, does not be damaged. It is shown somo examples below: APPLICATION EXAMPLE 1 Starting from the following information: Line details: Transformation ratio of CT =100/1 Primary current: I p =100 A 51 function settings Curve type: IEC Inverse Dial: 0.05 Tap: 1xI n 50 function settings Tap: 11xI n Operating time: 0.05 s 0,3500 0,3000 0,2500 t (s) 0,2000 0, ,0000; 0,1425 0,1000 0,0500 Function 51 Function 50 0,0000 0, , , , ,0000 I Figure y 51 IEC Inverse SIL-A_Rev10 66 / 71

72 If overcurrent fault is 11xI n =1100 Ap, IEC inverse curve defines a tripping value of s (Figure1) for 51 function. It is considered that this time is too high, so when current fault reaches 11xI n, definite time overcurrent function will be work. The figure below (Figure 2), shows the tripping curve of the relay: 0,3500 0,3000 0,2500 t (s) 0,2000 0,1500 0,1000 Function 51 Function 50 0, ; 0,05 0,0000 0,00 4,00 8,00 12,0016,0020,0024,0028,0032,00 I Figure 2. Relay tripping curve SIL-A_Rev10 67 / 72

73 APPLICATION EXAMPLE 2: Starting from the following information: Line details: Transformation ratio of CT =500/1 Primary current: I p =500 A 51 function settings Curve type: ANSI Extremely Inverse Dial: 2.20 Tap: 1xI n 50 function settings Tap: 14xI n Operating time: 0.1 s 25,000 20,000 t (s) 15,000 10,000 Function 51 Function 50 5,000 0,000 24; 0, I Figure y 51 ANSI Extremely Inverse SIL-A_Rev10 68 / 73

74 If overcurrent fault is 24xI n =12000 Ap, ANSI Extremely inverse curve defines a tripping value of s (Figure 3) for 51 function. It is considered that this time is too high, so when current fault reaches 24xI n, definite time overcurrent function will be work. 50 function tap is adjusted at 14xIn so definite time overcurrent function will trip when current fault is higher than 14xIn (50 function does not wait to reach 24xIn) The figure below (Figure 4), shows the tripping curve of the relay: 100,000 10,000 t (s) 1,000 0,100 14; 0,1 Function 51 Function 50 0, I Figure 4. Relay tripping curve SIL-A_Rev10 69 / 74

75 APPLICATION EXAMPLE 3: In this example it is explained what occurs when it is selected in curve type parameter DEFINITE TIME. In this case, 51 function works as 50 function. Starting from the following information Line details: Transformation ratio of CT =100/1 Primary current: Ip=100 A 51 function settings Curve type: Definite time Tap 1xIn Operating time: 5 s 50 function settings Tap: 15xIn Operating time: 1 s ; 5 t (s) Function51 as function 50 Function I Figure 5. Function 51 (as 50) and function SIL-A_Rev10 70 / 75

76 If overcurrent fault is 15xI n =1500 Ap, Definite time curve defines a tripping value of 5 s (Figure 5) for 51 function. It is considered that this time is too high, so when current fault reaches 15xI n, definite time overcurrent function will be work function 50). The figure below (Figure 6), shows the tripping curve of the relay: t (s) 3 2 Function 51 as function 50 Function ; I Figure 6. Relay tripping curve SIL-A_Rev10 71 / 76

77 5. MONITORING AND CONTROL 5.1. Switchgear rated current and measurements Measurements of the three-phase currents and the neutral current are given in RMS. A sampling of 16 samples/cycle is performed. The accuracy of the measurement is ±2% over a band of ±20% over the nominal current and 4% over the rest of the range. The following measurements are provided: Phase r.m.s. currents (IA, IB, IC) Neutral r.m.s. current (IN) Negative sequence current (I2) Thermal image Below are the phase and neutral measurement ranges of the SIL-A models. There values are understood as secondary current: Model Phase range Neutral range Phase Inominal Neutral ratedc SIL-A5* A * 5 A * SIL-A1* 0,2-30 A * 1 A * SIL-A*5 * A * 5 A SIL-A*1 * 0,2-30 A * 1 A A transformer with a suitable current must be used to ensure correct operation. It must have the following electrical characteristics: 5 VA 5P10 or 5VA 10P10, 1 A or 5 A secondary. Frequency Thermal resistance Rated 50 Hz or 60 Hz. ± 3 Hz Twice the continuous rated current SIL-A_Rev10 72 / 77

78 Magnetic module LPCT On the SILA-XX equipment the measurement is not made inn secondary as it is adapted to current transformers which provide a voltage level proportional to the current. On doing this, greater current transformer linearity is achieved, requiring a single CT for a wide range of rated cell currents. To adjust the wide dynamic range off the Ct with that of the equipment, inn order to measure precisely the cell operating range, the relay is fitted with three sets of switches on the rear. These switches must be fitted in the same position, and the adjustment value must be entered in the Rated Current adjustment in the general group. In this way, the relay knows the real equivalent primary current. com SIL-A_Rev10 73 / 78

79 Model SIL X- dcba SILX Phases Rated Current SILXX Neutral Rated Current SILXN Neutral Rated Current In 50 A In 50A In 10A dcba In 100 A In 100A In 20A dcba dc ba dc ba In 150 A In 150A In 30A In 200 A In 200A In 40A In 250 A In 250A In 50A dc ba In 300 A In 300A In 60A dc ba In 350 A In 350A In 70A dcba dcba dc ba dc ba In 400 A In 400A In 80A In 450 A In 450A In 90A In 500 A In 500A In 100A In 550 A In 550A In 110A dcba dcba dcba In 600 A In 600A In 120A In 650 A In 650A In 130A In 700 A In 700A In 140A dcba In 750 A In 750A In 150A dcba In 800 A In 800A In 160A SIL-A_Rev10 74 / 79

80 SILA /1 or /5 Regarding 5 A and 1 A models of SIL-A equipments, havee the following switches in the rear side of the relay to select the secondary current. Clearly, in models of phase 5 A, the switches of A, B and C phases must be in the position / 5. 5 In models of phase 1A, the switches of A, B and C phases mustt be in the position / 1. Compact SILA devices will depend on the model. They will have a rated current equal to 1 Ampere or 5 Amperes and they will have a frequency equal to 50 or 60 Hz, but these values are not adjustable by user (there are not switches in the rear part). com SIL-A_Rev10 75 / 80

81 Application example SILAXX. There is a distribution central unit with a rated current of 240 Amps. The following starts are to be set: 50P_1 50P_2 51P 50N_2 51N 5k0 Amps. 1k25 Amps. 500 Amps. 500 Amps. 100 Amps. To this end we start with an SIL.XX relay, i.e. the neutral units have the same range as the phase units. 1. We set the rated current of the switchgear. To do this we set the equipment s rear switches to this configuration: dcba Which corresponds to 250 rated Amps. In this way we set the rated current range of the cell to that of the relay. 2. We adjust the relay rated current. To this end 250 Amps shall be applied in the general setting menu for the phase rated current, and 250 Amps for the neutral rated current. 3. With this configuration, the relay understands that the rated current of the relay is 250 Amps, and as a result the protection unit starts settings shall be: 50P_ xinominal 50P_2 5.0 xinominal 51P 2.0 xinominal 50N_2 2.0 xinominal 51N 0.4 xinominal SIL-A_Rev10 76 / 81

82 5.2. Counters The following counters are provided: 1 Number of openings of the circuit breaker 2 Amperes accumulated (l2t) during the openings of the circuit breaker 3 Number of shots 4 Thermal Image 5.3. Statuses and Events The statuses are given by real-time information generated by the equipment. Some states are understood as levels, and others, such as trips, are too quick to be displayed in real time. Group Status Level 1 phase instant overcurrent 50P_1 Phase A Pickup 50P_1 Phase B Pickup 50P_1 Phase C Pickup 50P_1 50P_1 Pickup 50P_1 Phase A trip 50P_1 Phase B trip 50P_1 Phase C trip 50P_1 Trip SIL-A_Rev10 77 / 82

83 Level 2 phase instant overcurrent 50P_2 Phase A Pickup 50P_2 Phase B Pickup 50P_2 Phase C Pickup 50P_2 50P_12 Pickup 50P_2 Phase A trip 50P_2 Phase B trip 50P_2 Phase C trip 50P_2 Trip Phase inverse time overcurrent 51P Phase A Pickup 51P Phase B Pickup 51P Phase C Pickup 51P 51P Pickup 51P A phase trip 51P B phase trip 51P C phase trip 51P Trip Level 1 neutral instant overcurrent 50N_1 50N_1 Pickup 50N_1 Trip Level 2 neutral instant overcurrent 50N_2 50N_2 Pickup 50N_2 Trip Neutral inverse time overcurrent 51N 51N Pickup 51N Trip SIL-A_Rev10 78 / 83

84 CLP Cold Load Pickup CLP Activation Circuit breaker opening fault 50BF 50BF Pickup 50BF Trip Negative sequence instant overcurrent Pickup 46 Trip Thermal image protection Alarm 49 Trip General status General trip Battery supply 50 Hz network frequency Magnetic module error Measurement error Ready General Protection error Change of settings Time and date synchronisation NO telecontrol Default Settings Error E2prom error Changing E2prom values Events records error SIL-A_Rev10 79 / 84

85 Physical and logical inputs Input 52 a Input 52 b 50P1 and 50P2 Input Block 50N1 and 50N2 Input Block External Trip Input Oscillography Start Input 79 Start Input 79 Permission Input 79 Lock Input Active table 0 input Active table 1 input Inputs Lock 79 Unlock 79 50BF Start Input Input 1 Input 2 Input 3 Input 4 Input 5 Input 6 Input 7 Input 8 Command voltage Coil A continuity Coil B continuity SIL-A_Rev10 80 / 85

86 Physical and logical outputs Output 1 Output 2 Output 3 Output 4 Output 5 79 Start Outputs 50BF Start Start oscillography ON Led Led 1 Led 2 Led 3 Led 4 Led 5 Reclosing device 79 Standby 79 Reclosing time 79 Open Hold time 79 Closing time 79 Reset time. 79 Lock out 79 Safety time 79 Final opening time SIL-A_Rev10 81 / 86

87 Circuit Breaker monitoring 52 Start 52 Error 52 Open 52 Opening time 52 Opening fault Closed 52 Closing time 52 Closing fault 52 Excessive openings 52 Excessive accumulated amperes. 52 Excessive openings in a time window 52 a Status 52 b Status Trip circuit supervision 74TCS 74TCS Pickup 74TCS Activation Remote Modbus There is remote communication. Operation selection Remote Modbus Open circuit breaker Close circuit breaker Lock 79 Unlock 79 IEC There is remote communication. IEC Open circuit breaker Close circuit breaker Lock 79 Unlock 79 SIL-A_Rev10 82 / 87

88 Local Modbus There is local communication HMI Activity Operation selection Local Modbus Open circuit breaker Close circuit breaker Block 79 Unblock 79 NO telecontrol Telecontrol YES In conditions 52 and 79, a bit is assigned to each condition of the automaton, so that if the oscillography must be observed, the evolution of this automaton can be seen. A brief description of the general statuses is given below: Trip: The equipment has tripped. This bit is the or of all the trips, of any functions, plus the external trip input. Should it be required that a function does not generate a trip, this must be prohibited individually. In the case of the external trip input, it is sufficient to not set it. The Ready bit agglutinates correct relay operation and has the following logic: Operation Ready Mesaurement error Protection error Default settings SIL-A_Rev10 83 / 88

89 This bit is normally assigned to a contact with an NC contact. Magnetic module error: detects if there is a problem with the connection to the external magnetic module. Measurement error: The self-diagnosis algorithms have detected a problem in the measurement block. Protection error: The self-diagnosis algorithms have detected a problem in the protection block. Setting change: This activates when the settings are changed. Date-time adjustment: This activates when the date-time are synchronised. Local: this is the sum of the "HMI activity" and "Local communication" bits from the "Local communication" status group Default settings, the equipment is set to default settings and does not execute the trip. Eeprom Error: The self-diagnosis algorithms have detected a problem in the eeprom memory, which contains the settings. Eeprom change: this activates when the settings or configuration are changed. The settings change which this indication includes are differentiated from the configuration change, which are also stored in said memory. Events error: The self-diagnosis algorithms have detected a corrupt event in the circular buffer. This bit is reset by deleting the events (from the HMI or by using communications). HMI Activity: this condition is active if any key has been pressed in the last 15 minutes. Pressing a key implies that the relay is in local. NO telecontrol: It is enabled or there is no telecontrol. SIL-A_Rev10 84 / 89

90 Some states have an event associate with them, which is a register of a change made to the state. There are states that have an activation event associated with them, and other states have two associated events: activation and reset. These events are registered in a circular memory (buffer) with a capacity for up to 500 events. The memory timestamp is accurate to 1 millisecond. The events can be browsed from the HMI or by using communications. Reading the events does not mean that they get deleted, they remain stored on the equipment. To delete the events using the HMI, you have to go to the events menu and press and hold the "RESET" key until the number of events reads 1, and this event is registered as "Events deleted". To delete the events using communications, use the corresponding "delete events" command. Events have the following structure: Identifier Value Unique event identifier: e.g.: 51_1.4 = 51P PICKUP ON(Activated) /OFF(Deactivated): an event is generated for Activation and deactivation Year Month Day Time Minutes Seconds Milliseconds SIL-A_Rev10 85 / 90

91 The following list shows all of the conditions of the equipment and their associated events: Group Status Cause Associated measurement Level 1 phase instant overcurrent 50P_1 Phase A pickup Activation/Deactivation Phase A current 50P_1 Phase B pickup Activation/Deactivation Phase B current 50P_1 Phase C pickup Activation/Deactivation Phase C current 50P_1 50P_1 pickup Activation/Deactivation - 50P_1 Phase A trip Activation/Deactivation Phase A current 50P_1 Phase B trip Activation/Deactivation Phase B current 50P_1 Phase C trip Activation/Deactivation Phase C current 50P_1 Trip Activation/Deactivation - Level 2 phase instant overcurrent 50P_2 Phase A pickup Activation/Deactivation Phase A current 50P_2 Phase B pickup Activation/Deactivation Phase B current 50P_2 Phase C pickup Activation/Deactivation Phase C current 50P_2 50P_12 pickup Activation/Deactivation - 50P_2 Phase A trip Activation/Deactivation Phase A current 50P_2 Phase B trip Activation/Deactivation Phase B current 50P_2 Phase C trip Activation/Deactivation Phase C current 50P_2 Trip Activation/Deactivation - Phase inverse time overcurrent 51P Phase A pickup Activation/Deactivation Phase A current 51P Phase B pickup Activation/Deactivation Phase B current 51P Phase C pickup Activation/Deactivation Phase C current 51P 51P pickup Activation/Deactivation - 51P A phase trip Activation/Deactivation Phase A current 51P B phase trip Activation/Deactivation Phase B current 51P C phase trip Activation/Deactivation Phase C current 51P Trip Activation/Deactivation - SIL-A_Rev10 86 / 91

92 Level 1 neutral instant overcurrent 50N_1 50N_1 pickup Activation/Deactivation Neutral current 50N_1 Trip Activation/Deactivation Neutral current Level 2 neutral instant overcurrent 50N_2 50N_2 pickup Activation/Deactivation Neutral current 50N_2 Trip Activation/Deactivation Neutral current Neutral inverse time overcurrent 51N 51N pickup Activation/Deactivation Neutral current 51N Trip Activation/Deactivation Neutral current Cold Load Pickup CLP CLP Activation Activation/Deactivation - Switch opening fault 50BF 50BF pickup Activation/Deactivation - 50BF Trip Activation/Deactivation - Negative sequence instant overcurrent pickup Activation/Deactivation Negative sequence current 46 Trip Activation/Deactivation Negative sequence current Thermal image protection 49 Alarm Activation/Deactivation Trip Activation/Deactivation Thermal image measurement Thermal image measurement SIL-A_Rev10 87 / 92

93 General: Trip Activation/Deactivation - Battery supply Activation/Deactivation - Network frequency at 50Hz Activation/Deactivation - Magnetic module error (No compact SILA) Activation/Deactivation - Measurement error Activation/Deactivation - Ready Activation/Deactivation - Protection error Activation/Deactivation - Settings changed Activation/Deactivation - Date-time synchronization Activation - Settings by default Activation/Deactivation - Remote Control to Local Activation/Deactivation - E2prom error Activation/Deactivation - E2prom changed Activation/Deactivation - Events error Activation - New oscillographic log Activation - Measurement error Activation/Deactivation - Events deleted Activation - Pickup of some neutral function Activation/Deactivation - Pickup of some phase A function Activation/Deactivation - Pickup of some phase B function Activation/Deactivation - Pickup of some phase C function Activation/Deactivation - Pickup of a function Activation/Deactivation - Phase A trip Activation/Deactivation - Phase B trip Activation/Deactivation - Phase C trip Activation/Deactivation - Trip of 50N_1 or 50N_2 Activation/Deactivation - Trip of 50P_1 or 50P_2 Activation/Deactivation - SIL-A_Rev10 88 / 93

94 Logic inputs Input 52 a Activation/Deactivation - Input 52 b Activation/Deactivation - 50P input block Activation/Deactivation - 50N input block Activation/Deactivation - External Trip Input Activation/Deactivation - Oscillography Start input Activation/Deactivation - 79 Start Input Activation/Deactivation - 79 Permission Input Activation/Deactivation - 79 Lock Input Activation/Deactivation - Active table 0 input Activation/Deactivation - Active table 1 input Activation/Deactivation - Lock 79 Activation/Deactivation - 79 unlock Activation/Deactivation - 50BF Start Activation/Deactivation - Physical inputs Input 1 Activation/Deactivation - Input 2 Activation/Deactivation - Input 3 Activation/Deactivation - Input 4 Activation/Deactivation - Input 5 Activation/Deactivation - Input 6 Activation/Deactivation - Input 7 Activation/Deactivation - Input 8 Activation/Deactivation - Command volatge Activation/Deactivation - Coil A continuity Activation/Deactivation - Coil B continuity Activation/Deactivation - SIL-A_Rev10 89 / 94

95 Physical outputs Output 1 Activation/Deactivation - Output 2 Activation/Deactivation - Output 3 Activation/Deactivation - Output 4 Activation/Deactivation - Output 5 Activation/Deactivation - Logical outputs 79 Start Activation/Deactivation - 50BF Start Activation/Deactivation - Start oscillography Activation/Deactivation - Reclosing device 79 Standby Activation/Deactivation - 79 Reclosing time Activation Auto-reclosing No. 79 Open Activation Reclose No Hold time Activation Auto-reclosing No. 79 Closing time Activation Auto-reclosing No. 79 Reset time. Activation Reclose No. 79 Lockout Activation/Deactivation Reclose No. 79 Safety time Activation Reclose No. 79 Final opening time Activation - SIL-A_Rev10 90 / 95

96 Switch monitoring 52 Start Deactivation - 52 Error Activation/Deactivation - 52 Open Activation Opening Time 52 Opening time Activation - 52 Opening fault Activation/Deactivation - 52 Closed Activation/Deactivation Closing time Closing time Activation - 52 Closing fault Activation/Deactivation - 52 Excessive total openings Activation/Deactivation - 52 Excessive accumulated amperes (I 2 t). 52 Excessive openings in a time window Activation/Deactivation - Activation/Deactivation - Trip circuit monitoring 52 a Activation/Deactivation - 52 b Activation/Deactivation - 74TCS 74TCS Pickup Activation/Deactivation - 74TCS Activation Activation/Deactivation - SIL-A_Rev10 91 / 96

97 Remote control Operation selection Activation - 52 open Activation - 52 close Activation - Lock 79 Activation - Unlock 79 Activation - Local control Operation selection Activation - 52 open Activation - 52 close Activation - Lock 79 Activation - Unlock 79 Activation - Local control Activation - Telecontrol Activation Fault report A fault report is a record of specific events in the period of time when a fault occurs. On the one hand, an oscillography record is very extensive information, but only short regarding time for a significant number of faults. Also, event recording can be filled with general events, which provide no information of a fault (tables change, local pulsing, etc.) whereby it could be filled with general information, losing any fault information. Therefore, having a specific events record for the fault period is of significant help to resolve an incident. This record has a 20 fault capacity, and each fault can store 80 events. At any momento, the information of the twenty most recent fault reports is available. Each new fault report generated is stored on the oldest, is lost, therefore, the information of this one.the fault report is time limited by means of a fault Pickup and a fault end, and these must be clearly established. The fault Pickup is the same as that of the oscillography, i.e. an oscillography shall always be associated to the fault report. The fault end shall depend on whether the recloser is active. If the recloser is prohibited, when all Pickup ups disappear it is understood that the fault has disappeared (this includes the circuit breaker fault). With the recloser permitted, the fault end is given by the final condition of the recloser, regardless of whether it has been successful or it has become blocked. As a general rule, the following logic shall provide the fault end: SIL-A_Rev10 92 / 97

98 5.5. Real-Time Clock (RTC) For events, oscillographies and alarms the protection equipment required a clock for date and time stamping. This clock must keep the date and time even with no power supply, for up to 72 hours (With the capacity charged beforehand). If there is an events queue, and the clock is synchronised with a date and time prior to the last stored event, the relay does not reorder the queue, but rather it stores the new events after the events already in the queue. This clock can be synchronised with another clock in various ways: From the HMI. In this case the date and time can be entered using a keyboard. The relay will save a new event indicating that it has been synchronised. By protocol. There are two options in this case: o o Local protocol. The performance is identical to the HMI, the relay synchronises the date and time and executes a new synchronisation event. Remote protocols. These protocols can include continuous synchronisation sections. For this reason, the execution of synchronisation events is inappropriate Oscillography The SIL-A relay stores 2 oscillographic records, with a resolution of 16 samples/cycle and a size of 50 cycles. The first three of these cycles correspond to pre-fault. The oscillography is downloaded by communications through the front or rear port using the Modbus protocol (the protocol is documented in this manual). The SICom communications program allows the oscillograph to be downloaded and saved in COMTRADE format (IEEE C ). The following information is included in each oscillographic record: Number Analog channels 1 Phase A current 2 Phase B current 3 Phase C current 4 Neutral current This current is already in primary amps. SIL-A_Rev10 93 / 98

99 As well as the analogue magnitudes, the relay saves 80 digital records, with the same precision as 16 cycle samples. These 80 bits shall contain the following: No. Digital channels No Digital channels No. Digital channels 1 50P_1 Phase A Pickup Open 61 Active table 0 input 2 50P_1 Phase B Pickup Opening fault 62 Active table 1 input 3 50P_1 Phase C Pickup Closed 63 Block P_1 Phase A trip 34 General trip 64 Unblock P_1 Phase B trip Standby 65 50BF Start Input 6 50P_1 Phase C trip Reclosing time 66 Output P_2 Phase A Pickup Open 67 Output P_2 Phase B Pickup Hold time 68 Output P_2 Phase C Pickup Closing time 69 Output P_2 Phase A trip Reset time. 70 Output P_2 Phase B trip Lockout Start 12 50P_2 Phase C trip Safety time 72 50BF Start 13 51P Phase A Pickup Final opening time Alarm 14 51P Phase B Pickup 44 Input Trip 15 51P Phase C Pickup 45 Input P Phase A trip 46 Input P Phase B trip 47 Input P Phase C trip 48 Input N_1 Pickup 49 Input N_1 Trip 50 Input N_2 Pickup 51 Input N_2 Trip 52 Input 52 a 23 51N Pickup 53 Input 52b 24 51N Trip 54 50P input block Pickup 55 50N input block Trip 56 External Trip Input 27 50BF Pickup 57 Oscillography Start Input 28 50BF Trip Startp Input 29 CLP enabled Permission Input Error Block Input SIL-A_Rev10 94 / 99

100 The following additional information is included in the COMTRADE header file (*.hdr): date-time of the oscillograph, oscillograph number, relay identification and a list of all the events that occurred in the equipment while the oscillograph was being generated. Shown below is the format of a COMTRADE header file, generated by the SICom program: *******.HDR COMTRADE ****************************************** Prefault cycles = 3 Total cycles = 50 Analogue channels = 4 Digital channels = 80 Oscillograph: Date/Time: 2008/10/15 11:29:11:85 Fault row = 15 *************************************************************** Oscillograph Events: *************************************************************** Indicator Value Measurement1 Measurement2 Date Time Oscillo /10/15 11:29:11:90 Start Oscillo Start /10/15 11:29:11:400 An oscillography is Pickuped when the Pickup oscillography is activated, which is an adjustable logical output. The default configuration is shown below: General trip Oscillography Start Input SIL-A_Rev10 95 / 100

101 There are different programs for viewing the COMTRADE format file, such as TOP, The Output Processor that can be downloaded from the web SIL-A_Rev10 96 / 101

102 5.7. Data diagram: input assigning, output and leds configuration States 51P: Phase trip States 51N: Phase trip States 50BF: Trip States GNRAL: External Trip States 46: Trip States 49: Trip States GNRAL: Trip States GNRAL: Ready States 50P_1: Phase trip Output 1 Input block 50P States 50P_2: Phase trip States 50N_1: Trip Input block 50N States 50N_2: Trip States 52 B1 B2 B3 B4 B5 C1 Input 1 Input 2 Input 3 Input 4 Input 5 Input 52 a Input 52 b Input external trip Input oscillo init Input 79 enable Input 79 block Block recloser Unblock recloser Input 79 init Input 50BF init I1- setting table I0- setting table States GNRAL: External Trip Input oscillo init States GNRAL: Trip Init oscillo 52 Oscillos 52 Startup 52 Error 52 Open 52 Open time 52 Open error 52 CLose 52 Close time 52 Close error Open num alarm I2t Alarm Too many trips 52 A contact 52 B contact States 50BF: Trip Output 2 C2 Input 6 C3 Input 7 C4 Input 8 Output 3 C5 Input 79 init States 51P: Phase trip States 51N: Phase trip States 46: Trip Init States Standby Reclose time Close time Reset time States LOCAL: Open breaker States MODBUS: Open breaker States : Open breaker States GNRAL: Trip Is 52 open? Lockout Hold time Man. Open time Output 4 Input 50BF init States LOCAL: Open breaker States MODBUS: Open breaker States : Open breaker States GNRAL: Trip Init 50BF 50BF States 50BF 50BF Pickup 50BF Trip States LOCAL: Close breaker States MODBUS: Close breaker States : Close breaker States 79:??????????????? Output 5 Setting table E1 E2 Input 9 Input 10 74CS States 74CS 74CS Pickup States GNRAL: Ready E3 Input 11 74CS Trip E4 States CLP 50P_2 States 50P_2 States 50P_1 Phase A pickup Phase A trip 50N_2 States 50N_2 States 50N_1 Ground pickup CLP CLP Activated Led on 50P_1 Phase B pickup Phase C pickup Phase pickup Phase B trip Phase C trip Phase trip 50N_1 Ground trip 46 States 46 Pickup Trip States 50P_1: Phase Trip States 50P_2: Phase Trip States 51P: Phase Trip 51P States 51P Phase A pickup Phase B pickup Phase C pickup Phase A trip Phase B trip Phase C trip 51N States 51N Ground pickup Ground trip 49 States 49 Alarm Trip Led 1 Phase pickup Phase trip States 50N_1: Trip States 50N_2: Trip States 51N: Trip States GNRAL States Modbus States States LOCAL Trip Set date/time Remote COM Remote COM Local COM External trip Telecontrol NO Command select Command select MMI Activity Led 2 50 Hz Factory settings Open breaker Open breaker Local Ctrl. Measure error Eeprom error Close breaker Close breaker Command select Ready Eeprom changed Block recloser Block recloser Open breaker Protection error Settings change Event error Unblock recloser Unblock recloser Close breaker Block recloser States 50BF: Trip Unblock recloser No Telecontrol Telecontrol Led 3 States 74CS: Trip Led 4 States GNRAL: Local COM Led 5 SIL-A_Rev10 97 / 102

103 5.8. Configurable Inputs The SIL-A has eight digital inputs that can be set by the user. These inputs can be configured from the HMI, or by using the SICom program. First of all, we will define the concepts of physical input and logical input. The physical inputs are the equipment s real inputs. The SIL-A has eight physical inputs: Input 1, Input 2, Input 3, to Input 8. These physical inputs can be associated with the logic inputs. The SIL-A has the following logic inputs: Logic inputs Input 52 a Input 52 b 50P locking 50N locking Oscillograph Start Input Description Circuit breaker contact a Circuit breaker contact b 50P1 and 50P2 Function trip locking 50N1 and 50N2 Function trip locking Oscillograph Start 79 Start Input 79 Start by external protection 79 Permission 79 closure permission Level 79 Lock Pulse 79 lock Pulse 79 unlock 50BF Start Input Table 0 Table 1 External Trip 79 level lock 79 lock via a remote pulse 79 unlock via a remote pulse Circuit breaker fault Start, via an external protection Active table assignation Active table assignation Pickup of the external trip. If you receive a pulse of more than 20 ms (to avoid spurious), generates a pulse of 200 ms for use on the trip output. The inputs are configured by associating the logical inputs with the physical input that they require, or else no association is made if that logical input is not in use. Therefore, a single physical input can be associated with more than one logical input. SIL-A_Rev10 98 / 103

104 In the following example: Input 1 is assigned the switch contact a. Input 2 is assigned the switch contact b. Input 2 is assigned the 50P function block, Input 4 is assigned the 50N function block, It is also understood that there is additional protection which Pickups the 79, assigning input 5 to this Pickup. As well as rebounding the trip, this input allows for oscillography Pickup up. There is a key (input 6) permitting 79 locking. Likewise, this protection Pickups the switch fault with input 7. Finally, we control the active table with input 8. The 79 Permission function is not assigned to anything in particular as a timer is not required for closure. However, in this case it is best to prohibit the reclosing device Hold time. Logic inputs In1 In2 In3 In4 In5 In6 In7 In8 Not configured 52 a X 52 b X 50P blocking X 50N blocking X Oscillography Pickup Input X 79 Pickup Input X 79 Permission Level 79 Lock X Pulse 79 Lock Pulse 79 unlock 50BF Pickup Input X Table 0 Table 1 X External trip X SIL-A_Rev10 99 / 104

105 The default input configuration is shown below: Logic inputs In1 In2 In3 In4 In5 In6 In7 In8 Not configured 52 a 52 b X 50P blocking 50N blocking Oscillography Pickup Input 79 Pickup Input 79 Permission Level 79 Lock Pulse 79 Lock Pulse 79 unlock 50BF Pickup Input Table 0 Table 1 External trip The process used to configure the inputs is described in the Input configuration menu section. SIL-A_Rev / 105

106 5.9. Configurable Outputs As is the case for the inputs, the SIL-A is fitted with physical and logic outputs. Clearly the physical outputs are the output relays, and the logic outputs are digital conditions used internally in the relay to activate functions. These outputs can be configured from the HMI, or by using the SICom program. The logic outputs used internally shall be as follows: Logic Outputs 79 Start 50BF Start Oscillograph Start Any available condition can be assigned to an output. Each output allows an OR of up to 16 conditions. In other words, up to 16 different conditions can be assigned to the same output. SIL-A_Rev / 106

107 The default output configuration is shown below: Outputs Description Status Output 1 Equipment alarm Ready Output 2 Not configured Not configured Output 3 50BF Trip 50BF Trip HMI / Local Modbus opening Output 4 Trip/Opening Remote ModBus opening IEC opening General trip Output 5 Reclosing / Closure HMI / Local Modbus closing Remote ModBus closure IEC closure Reclosing device status 51P trip 79 Start 79 Start 51N trip 46 trip 79 Pickup Input 50BF Start 50BF Start 50BF Pickup Input HMI / Local Modbus opening Remote ModBus opening IEC opening General trip Start oscillography Start oscillography General trip Oscillography Pickup Input The process used to configure the outputs is described in the Output configuration menu section. SIL-A_Rev / 107

108 5.10. Configurable LEDs There are 8 leds. 6 of these can be set and the other two are assigned the following functions: Circuit breaker status: Lit up, with the circuit breaker closed. Reclosing status. Lit up with the reclosing operative. The rest can be configured, with the default configuration as follows: Led Description Status Flashing Latch Denied ON Led Ready Ready x 50P_1 Trip Led 1 50P/51P 50P_2 Trip x 51P Trip 50N_1 Trip Led 2 50N/51N 50N_2 Trip x 51N Trip Led 3 50BF 50BF_Trip x Led _Trip X Led 5 74TCS 74TCS_Activation X Although the ON led can be configured, it is not recommended to modify its Ready default configuration. SIL-A_Rev / 108

109 5.11. Self-diagnosis Diagnostic algorithms are run while the equipment is being Pickuped up and continuously when the relay is operating. This diagnostic is a preventative process to guarantee that the equipment is in good operational condition. The following general considerations are applicable: Communications between different CPUs are confirmed by the corresponding integrity checks. In the case of continuous faults, the equipment shall be repickuped. The settings details are confirmed with the corresponding checks. Also, the settings tables are folded and the relay can operate with one table damaged but not with two damaged. There is a WatchDog mechanism between the different main CPUs, as well as on the CPUs themselves. Loss of activity on any of these will result in the resetting of the equipment, and this will be recorded as an event. The following status bits are associated with this process: Measurement error Protection error Eeprom Error Events error Problem in the measurement block Problem in the protection block Problem in the eeprom memory, a table is corrupt. Events record error On the other hand, a default settings error indicates that the relay is operating with default settings, whereby it will not trip (check that the relay alarm is activated with default settings). SIL-A_Rev / 109

110 5.12. Commands HMI Local Com. ModBus Remote com: Modbus IEC open 52 close Lock 79 Unlock 79 Telecontrol YES - - NO telecontrol - - To carry out manoeuvres from the remote communications (ModBus or IEC ) the equipment must be in TELECONTROL mode. Operations can be performed from the HMI of from local communications (ModBus), regardless of whether or not the equipment is in telecontrol Telecontrol The equipment can only be set to telecontrol or local control from the HMI. If telecontrol is used, it is recommended to configure a led to display when telecontrol is permitted and when it is not Date-time synchronisation The equipment can be synchronised from the HMI or by using communications. SIL-A_Rev / 110

111 5.15. Test program The SIL-A relay is equipped with a test menu from where the led and outputs operation can be checked. The following table shows the components that can be tested, along with their status depending on whether they are activated or deactivated: led-1 Deactivated Activated Led-1 deactivated Led-1 activated led-2 Deactivated Activated Led-2 deactivated Led-2 activated led-3 Deactivated Activated Led-3 deactivated Led-3 activated led-4 Deactivated Activated Led-4 deactivated Led-4 activated led-5 Deactivated Activated Led-5 deactivated Led-5 activated led-79 Deactivated Activated Led-79 deactivated Led-79 activated led-52 Deactivated Activated Led-52 deactivated Led-52 activated ON Led Deactivated Activated ON led deactivated ON led activated Output 1 Deactivated Activated Output deactivated Output activated Output 2 Deactivated Activated Output deactivated Output activated Output 3 Deactivated Activated Output deactivated Output activated Output 4 Deactivated Activated Output deactivated Output activated Output 5 Deactivated Activated Output deactivated Output activated SIL-A_Rev / 111

112 The following key sequence is used to gain access to the test menu: from the main menu, press the keys,, and in sequence and then press and hold the key until the "Test menu" appears on the display. The test menu is accessed by pressing the key again, and the and keys can be used to navigate through the different menu items. Each item can be activated or deactivated by pressing on it (if the item is deactivated, it is activated by pressing OK; if the item is activated, it is deactivated by pressing OK ). Press the C key to exit the test menu. The inputs check can be seen in the conditions menu. To obtain more detailed information, the method for navigating the menus is explained graphically in the keypad and display section Power The equipment power consumption is less than 4 watts. The supply guarantees between ±20% of the auxiliary voltage. Outside this range the relay could operate, but this is not guaranteed. In cases of 110Vac/230Vac, ±20% of the established values (110 or 230) are guaranteed, i.e. at 150Vac, the equipment could operate bit this is not guaranteed. Supply from the front is designed for fine tuning, or situations where the auxiliary voltage is not guaranteed. In these cases, complete relay operation is not guaranteed, particularly regarding outputs Thermal load of the current circuits The SilAXX models are prepared for LPCT transformers. This implies that the measurement inputs do not have rated currents /1 /5, but rather 22.5 mvolts, for the rated current of the switchgear. SIL-A_Rev / 112

113 6. SPECIFICATIONS 6.1. Technical Specifications Function permission: Yes/no Operating range: 0.10 to 30 xin (step 0.01) 50P_1 50P_2 Operating time: 0.02 to 300 s (step 0.01 s) Activation level 100% Reset level 95% Instant reset Function permission: Yes/no Operating range: 0.10 to 30 xin (step 0.01) 50N_1 50N_2 Operating time: 0.02 to 300 s (step 0.01 s) Activation level 100% Reset level 95% Instant reset Function permission: Yes/no Operating range: 0.10 to 7 xin (step 0.01) Curves IEC and ANSI Operating time: Inverse curve, very inverse curve, extremely inverse curve. Defined time : 0.02 to 300 s (step 0.01 s) 51P Dial: 0.05 a 2.20 Curve activation level 120% Curve reset level 100% Defined time activation level 100% Defined time reset level 95% Instant reset Timer accuracy: 5% or 30 ms (whichever is greater) SIL-A_Rev / 113

114 Function permission: Yes/no Operating range: 0.10 to 7 xin (step 0.01) Curves IEC and ANSI Operating time: Inverse curve, very inverse curve, extremely inverse curve. Defined time : 0.02 to 300 s (step 0.01 s) 51N Dial: 0.05 a 2.20 Curve activation level 120% Curve reset level 100% Defined time activation level 100% Defined time reset level 95% Instant reset Timer accuracy: 5% or 30 ms (whichever is greater) Function permission: Yes/no Operating range: 0.10 to 1,00 xin (step 0.01) 46 Operating time: 0.02 to 300 s (step 0.01 s) Activation level: 100% Reset level 95% Instant reset Function permission: Yes/no Operating range: 0.1 to 2,4 xin (step 0.01) ζ heating: 3 to 600 min (step 1) ζ cooling: 1 to 6 ζ heating (step 1) 49 Alarm: 20 to 99 % (step 1) Trip level: 100% Trip reset: 95% of alarm level Trip time accuracy: ± 5% over the theoric. Trip time curves are valid under 20 times the adjusted tap. With currents higher than 20 times the adjusted tap, trip time and thermal image value are truncated to 20 times the adjusted tap. SIL-A_Rev / 114

115 Circuit breaker status: Pickup, open, closed, error, opening time, opening fault, closing time and closing fault. Input 52a and/or input 52b Circuit breaker monitoring Open and close command Alarm for maximum opening number: 1 to Alarm for accumulated amps: 0 to (M(A²)) Maximum repeated openings: 1 to Time of maximum repeated openings: 1 to 300 min Function permission: Yes/no Opening fault time: 0.02 to 1.00 s (step 0.01 s) 50BF Open circuit breaker activation threshold: 8% In Open circuit breaker reset threshold: 10% In Function Pickup: Equipment trip, activation of the opening fault input, circuit breaker open control activation. Function Permission: yes/no Hold permission: si/no Number of reclosings: 1 a 5 79 Reclosing time 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 : 0,02 a 300,00 s (step 0,01 s) Operating time: 0,02 a 300,00 s (step 0,01 s) Locking possibilities: pulse inputs, level inputs, commands. Replacement time: 0,02 a 300,00 s (step 0,01 s) Definitive opening time: 0,02 a 300,00 s (step 0,01 s) Function permission: yes/no 74TCS Operating time: 0.02 to 300 s (step 0.01 s) Control voltage presence: -40% Trip continuity, in circuits A and B SIL-A_Rev / 115

116 Function permission: Yes/no 50P_1 Multiplier range: 1 to 5 50P_2 Multiplier range: 1 to 5 50N_1 Multiplier range: 1 to 5 CLP 50N_2 Multiplier range: 1 to 5 CLP pass time: 1 to s (step 1 s) CLP duration: 1 to s (step 1 s) CLP activation threshold: 8% In CLP reset threshold: 10% In 1 General Settings tables 3 Criteria Activated, by inputs, by communications, by general settings. RTC Capacitor charge time: 10 minutes Operation with no auxiliary voltage: 72 hours 16 samples/cycle Oscillograph start configuration Oscillography 2 records: 3 prefault and 47 postfault cycles COMTRADE IEEE C analog channels y 80 digital channels Fault reports 8 inputs which can be set 5 outputs which can be set Frequency 20 fault reports with 80 digital channels Same voltage as the auxiliary power supply 250 Vac 8 A 30 Vdc 5 A Output 1 and output 2: NC + NO Rest: NO 50/60Hz Phase current (IA, IB, IC), neutral (IN) and negative sequence(i2) Current measurement Real RMS Sampling: 16 samples/cycle ±2% Accuracy over a band of ±20% over the nominal current and 4% over the rest of the range SIL-A_Rev / 116

117 Local port RS232: ModBus RTU Communications Remote port RS485: ModBus RTU Remote port RS485 IEC Remote port RJ45: IEC Auxiliary power Environmental conditions 90 Vdc 300Vdc / 110 Vac 230 Vac ±20% Vdc ±20% Operating temperature : -10 to 70ºC Storage temperature: -20 to 80ºC Relative humidity: 95% Transformers Measurement 3 or 4 CT /5 or /1 Measurement 3 LPCT (current transformers with voltage output) Metallic box Mechanical Characteristics Panel mounted. 1/2Rack 4 U IP-54 SIL-A_Rev / 117

118 6.2. Standards IEC Immunity Tests to Electrostatic Discharges Level 4 Contact ±8kV Air ±15kV IEC Immunity Tests to Radiated Radio-frequency Electro-magnetic Fields Level 4: 30 V/m at MHz IEC Immunity to Electrical Fast Transients (EFT) Level 4: ±4kV 5kHz and 0,75 ms ±20% 100kHz IEC Immunity to surges Level 4, Class 5 ±2kV Line-Line ±4kV Line-Ground IEC Immunity to Conducted RF Level 3 0,15 80 MHz 140 db (µv) 10V IEC Power frequency magnetic field immunity test Level 5 Continuous: 100 A/m 3s: 1000 A/m IEC Immunity to Pulsed Magnetic Fields Level 5: 1000 A/m IEC Immunity to Damped Oscillating Magnetic Fields Level 5: 100 A/m Class 3 Voltage: 0,5 period 0% IEC Immunity to gaps and variations of AC voltage 1 period 0% 10/12 periods 40% 25/30 periods 70% 250/300 periods 80% Interruptions: 250/300 periods 0% IEC Immunity to damped RF oscillatory waves Level 4: ±2kV Line-Line ±4kV Line-Ground IEC Voltage fluctuation immunity test Class 3: 12% SIL-A_Rev / 118

119 IEC Residual waves in the power DC input Level 4: 15% Vcc Slowwaves: Level 3 25kV common mode IEC Damped oscilatory wave immunity test (100kHz 30MHz) 1kV differential mode Fastwaves: Level 4 4kV common mode 4kV differential mode IEC Imbalance Class 3 IEC Voltage dips, short interruptions and voltage variations (direct current) Dips: 40% y 70% 1s Interruption: 1s IEC Dielectric Test Level 4 IEC Isolation resistance test 500 Vdc Line-Ground IEC Impulse voltage test ±1kV Line-Line ±1kV Line-Ground EN Cold Essay Ab, -10ºC, 72h EN Dry heat Essay Bb +85ºC, 72h EN Change of temperature Essay -25ºC y + 79ºC 3h (5 ciclos) IEC Vibrations tests (sinusoidal) Class 2: 1g 10Hz 150Hz IEC Shock and bump tests Class 2: 10g/11ms Class 2: IEC Seismic tests 2g horizontal axis 1g vertical axis EN Generic measurement standard for relays and protection equipments EN Generic standard for emissions in an industrial environment EN Generic standard for immunity in an industrial environment EN EN RF Emissions Group 1 limits, Class A IEC Immunity to damped RF oscillatory waves Level 3 ISO 9001:2000 Quality Management System Fanox Quality Management System its certify according to standard ISO 9001: SIL-A_Rev / 119

120 7. COMMUNICATIONS AND HMI The Sil-A relay is equipped with the following communications ports: 1 LOCAL (frontal) RS232 ModBus RTU 2 REMOTE (rear) RS485 ModBus RTU 3 REMOTE (rear) RS485 IEC REMOTE (rear) RJ45 IEC Local communication port. RS232 The RS232 communications port is installed on the front of the equipment. The connector that is used is a DB-9 female DCE. The protocol that is used is Modbus RTU ( bit no parity 1 stop bit). The protocol map and documentation that are used are attached in an appendix to this manual. The adapter (KITCOM) can be connected to this communications port to supply the equipment with an external battery. It should be pointed out that this port can be used simultaneously for communication, even when the equipment is being powered by an external battery. The PC earth should be connected to the same earth as the relay to avoid communication problems. The RS232 communication is fitted with auxiliary voltage insulation, but no insulation with regards to the relay processors. Therefore, the connection cable between the pc and relay must not be very long so as to prevent possible electromagnetic interferences with the equipment Remote communications ports SILA with two ports RS485 one for ModBus and the other one for IEC In this case, there are two RS485 ports, one for ModBus RTU protocol and the other one for IEC The RS485 port output has three terminals (+,- and GND), located on the rear of the equipment. This port can be used to continuously monitor the equipment from a remote PC or SCADA system. Up to 32 pieces of equipment can be connected to one bus; each piece with a different modbus address. The equipment modbus address can be configured using the SIcom program. To minimise communication errors as a result of noise, the use of a stranded and shielded cable is recommended for the physical connection. All of the + terminals on one side, and all of the - terminals on the other must be connected together in order to make the connection. SIL-A_Rev / 120

121 If a 3 strand cable is used for communication, the GND terminals must be connected to the earth cable. If a 2 strand cable is used for communication, the GND terminals must be connected to the shielding. The shielding must be connected to the GND at only one point to avoid circular currents. Resistors should be used at each end if very long cables are used. The best solution for avoiding reflection is to install resistors at both ends of the cable. The ohm value of these resistors must be equal to the cable impedance value. The RS485 communications are fitted with auxiliary voltage insulation, but no insulation between the various RS485 communication connectors. Fiber optics can be used in very aggressive environments, and they are connected by using the corresponding converters. Connection diagram for a RS485 bus: SIA-E SIA-E SIA-E + - gnd + - gnd + - gnd C R R C + - gnd RS485/RS232 RS232 SIL-A_Rev / 121

122 SILA with one RS485 port for ModBus and one RJ45 port for IEC61850 In this case there are one RS485 port for ModBus RTU protocol and one RJ45 port for IEC protocol. The RS485 port output has three terminals (+,- and GND), located on the rear of the equipment. This port can be used to continuously monitor the equipment from a remote PC or SCADA system. Up to 32 pieces of equipment can be connected to one bus; each piece with a different modbus address. The equipment modbus address can be configured using the SIcom program. To minimise communication errors as a result of noise, the use of a stranded and shielded cable is recommended for the physical connection. All of the + terminals on one side, and all of the - terminals on the other must be connected together in order to make the connection. If a 3 strand cable is used for communication, the GND terminals must be connected to the earth cable. If a 2 strand cable is used for communication, the GND terminals must be connected to the shielding. The shielding must be connected to the GND at only one point to avoid circular currents. Resistors should be used at each end if very long cables are used. The best solution for avoiding reflection is to install resistors at both ends of the cable. The ohm value of these resistors must be equal to the cable impedance value. The RS485 communications are fitted with auxiliary voltage insulation, but no insulation between the various RS485 communication connectors. Fiber optics can be used in very aggressive environments, and they are connected by using the corresponding converters. Connection diagram for a RS485 bus: SIA-E SIA-E SIA-E + - gnd + - gnd + - gnd C R R C + - gnd RS485/RS232 RS232 SIL-A_Rev / 122

123 7.3. LCD and keypad The front of the SIL A relay is fitted with an alphanumeric LCD screen, measuring 2x20. This screen provides the user with access to read information about the settings parameters, measurements, status and events. All of this information is arranged in a system of menus. A keypad is fitted to the relay front panel, which can be used to access the information shown on the LCD screen and to navigate through the menu system. This membrane keyboard has 6 keys that can be used to navigate through the different menus and to change the setting parameters. The and keys can be used to navigate through the different menus, the different options in each menu and the different values for the settings parameters. The OK key is used to access the menus and the different options, as well as to approve changes to values. The C key is used to delete and to go back through the menu levels. As well as the 6 keys, there is also a "Reset" key. When Reset is pressed, the bistable magnetic indicators return to their initial position. The Reset key can also be used to delete all of the events in the "Events" menu. This is equipped with a specific key marked with 79, which permits operation on the recloser, locking and unlocking it. It is also equipped with a specific key marked with 52, which permits operation on the circuit breker, opening and closing it SICom Communications program The SIcom program, which works with the Windows 2000/XP operating system is provided, and can be used to gain access to all of the equipment information, to modify the settings and to save events using a graphic user interface. The following operations can be carried out using the SIcom program: Status reading Measurement reading Reading and changing settings Reading and deleting events Changing the user passwords Loading settings files Date-time synchronisation Checking the versions of the equipment Configuring the modbus address Inputs, outputs and leds configuration SIL-A_Rev / 123

124 7.5. Setting up the session: Password and access levels Users must identify themselves with a password in order to Pickup communications and to change the equipment settings or configuration using the HMI. Depending on the access level, it may or may not be possible to perform the operations shown on the table below. ACCESS LEVEL Read-only permission: Status and measurements Settings Events Permission to: Change settings Download and Delete the Events buffer Permission to: Execute Commands Permission to: Change Configuration Permission to Change Protected Settings 1 YES YES NO NO YES 2 YES YES NO NO NO 3 YES NO YES NO NO 4 YES YES YES NO NO 5 YES YES YES YES NO Four passwords and their associated levels of access are set up when the equipment is configured using the SIcom program. By default, the equipment is programmed with the following passwords and their associated levels: PASSWORD ACCESS LEVEL SIL-A_Rev / 124

125 7.6. Menus Standby mode screen The default screen shows the device model and the currents in phase A, phase B, phase C, and Neutral. Press OK to select a menu: measurements, states, settings, and events. If the HMI is left in any state, it will return to the default screen after 5 minutes without any key being pressed. SILA555B0000B If any error is detected by the self-diagnosis, an error message appears in the second line (instead of the word "FANOX ) on the main screen, which can show any of the following information: (see inside self-diagnosis section). PROTECTION ERROR MEASUREMENT ERROR EEPROM ERROR MAGNETIC MODULE ERROR (Only in no compact SILA) Last Trip screen When a trip occurs, the default screen alternates with the last trip screen, showing the cause of the trip and the time and date of its occurrence. Trip 50P1 13/01/11 13:51:44825 Even is auxiliary power is lost, when the SIL-B regains power, it will retain information on the last trip. The last trip screen will only disappear when the RESET button is pressed and held down. SIL-A_Rev / 125

126 Accessing the menus The keys,, and are usedd to navigate through thee different options and menus. The OK key is used to accept and to enter and menu or an option. The C key is used to move up through the menu levels. It is not necessary to enter any password to read or view the parameters, measurements or settings A 4-character password must be entered in order to modify any a parameter. After returning to the main screen,, the password must bee entered again to make any further modifications. The keys and are used to navigate from one item to another within a parameter. The keys and are used to increasee or decrease the value. If an invalidd value is entered during the process, the C key can be used to delete it. The navigation through the t menus iss described as graphically as possiblee below Date-Time Menu The date-time menu can be accessed by pressing the key from the standby mode screen. From here, press the OK key to access the date-time the digit that you want to change, and modification screen. Use the and keys to t position the cursor over assign a value to this digit using the and keys. Once O the date-time has been entered, press OK to change thee equipment date. Presss the C key to return to the standby mode screen. The date-time information can be viewed by pressing the key from the main screen. <<FECHA Y HORA >> 01/01/ :54:51 The date and time can be changed by pressing OK 01/01/ :54 com SIL-A_Rev / 126

127 Fault report From the "sleep" mode screen, press the key to access the fault report menu. Using the and keys we can move onto the report we wish to display, and, pressing OK provides access to the events each fault report contains. SILAZZ FANOX FAULT REPORT -20 There is not! FAULT REPORT -19 There is not! FAULT REPORT -18 There is not! FAULT REPORT -17 There is not! FAULT REPORT -1 Date - time 05/10/09 15:45:02345 Event description measure Event description Date - time Event description measure Event description Date - time Event description measure Event description SIL-A_Rev / 127

128 Communication parameters and versions On the standby screen, holding down the key provides access to the local port communication parameters. LOCAL COM Settings N-1 Direction: 1 Communication speed: Number of data bits: 8 Parity: No parity Number of stop bits: 1 Pressing the provides access to the IEC port communication parameters: COM Settings E-1 Management: 3 Communication speed: 9600 Number of data bits: 8 Parity: par Number of stop bits: 1 Pressing the provides access to the MODBUS port communication parameters: MODBUS COM Settings N-1 Management: 2 Communication speed: Number of data bits: 8 Parity: No parity Number of stop bits: 1 SIL-A_Rev / 128

129 Pressing the provides access to the equipment versions: Vers: COM DSP PIC Pressing the provides access to serial number Serial number Test Menu The Test menu is accessed from the standby mode screen by sequentially pressing the, and keys, and then holding down the OK key. From here, press OK to access the components that can be tested. SILA---- FANOX "OK pressed" TEST MENU led-1 not activated led-2 not activated led-3 not activated led-4 not activated led-5 not activated led-79 not activated led-52 not activated led-1 activated led-2 activated led-3 activated led-4 activated led-5 activated led-79 activated led-52 activated led-on led-on not activated activated Output 1 Output 1 not activated activated Output 2 Output 2 not activated activated Output 3 Output 3 not activated activated Output 4 Output 4 not activated activated Output 5 Output 5 not activated activated NOTE : Be careful when activating the output which is set to trip. When the equipment is installed it will open the circuit as if it were a trip. SIL-A_Rev / 129

130 Functional Menu The SIL A relay menu is split up into 6 main parts: Measurements. Status. Settings. Events. Counters. Commands. SILA FANOX MEASUREMENTS STATES SETTINGS EVENTS There are 5 COUNTERS COMMANDS Press the OK key to access the second level from the main screen. Use the and keys to move from one menu section to another in the second level. Use the C key to return to a higher level. SIL-A_Rev / 130

131 Measurements Menu From the standby mode screen, press the OK key to access the first line of menus. Use the and keys to position the cursor over the MEASUREMENTS screen and press OK. Use the and keys to position the cursor over the measurement and to see its value. MEASURES IA: -,-- A IB: -,-- A IC: -,-- A I0: -,-- A I2: -,-- A Thermal image: -,-- % Status Menu From the standby mode screen, press the OK key to access the first line of menus. Use the and keys to position the cursor over the STATUS screen and press OK. This takes you to the status groups line. Use the and keys to position the cursor over a group of statuses, and press the OK key to access the statuses that belong to this group. Use the and keys to browse through the different statuses. The information shows whether or not each status is active. The message >Activation present appears under the name of the group in the status group menus if any of the statuses in that group are active. There is a quick way to access the GNAL Statuses from the SIL A relay main screen. Press the key to jump directly to the third level of the menu; this takes the user directly from the main screen to the GNAL Statuses option. The method for navigating through the status menu is shown graphically below. SIL-A_Rev / 131

132 STATES States 50P_1 States 50P_2 States 51P States 50N_1 States 50N_2 States 51N States CLP States 50BF States 46 States 49 States GENERAL States INPUTS States OUTPUTS States 79 States 52 States 74CS States Modbus States States Local SIL-A_Rev / 132

133 States 50P_1 Phase A Pickup Phase B Pickup States 50P_2 Phase C Pickup Phase Pickup Phase A Trip Phase B Trip Phase C Trip Phase Trip States 51P Phase A Pickup Phase B Pickup Phase C Pickup Phase Pickup Phase A Trip Phase B Trip Phase C Trip Phase Trip States 50N_1 Ground Pickup States 50N_2 Ground Trip States 51N Ground Pickup Ground Trip SIL-A_Rev / 133

134 States CLP Activated States 50BF Pickup Trip States 46 Pickup Trip States 49 Alarm Trip SIL-A_Rev / 134

135 STATES INPUTS I. 52 a I. 52 b I. Blq. 50P I. Blq. 50N I. Ext Trip I. Osc. Trip I. 79 Init. I. 79 Enable I. 79 Block I0.Sett table I1-Sett table Block Recloser Unblock Reclos I. 50BF Init. Input 1 Input 2 Input 3 Input 4 Input 5 Input 6 Input 7 Input 8 Control voltage Coil A continuity Coil B continuity SIL-A_Rev / 135

136 STATES OUTPUTS Output 1 Output 2 Output 3 Output 4 Output 5 79 Init. 50BF Init. Osc Init. Led ON Led 1 Led 2 Led 3 Led 4 Led 5 STATES 79 (1) Standby Reslose time Is 52 Open? Hold Time Close Time Reset Time Lockout Security Time Man. Open Time (1) The status of the 79 automaton shall be displayed on this screen. SIL-A_Rev / 136

137 STATES 52 (2) 52 StartUp 52 Error 52 Open 52 Open Time 52 Open Error 52 Close 52 Close Time 52 Close Error Open Num Alarm I2t Alarm Too many trips 52 a contact 52b contact (2) The status of the 52 automaton shall be displayed on this screen. States 74CS Pickup Trip States Modbus Remote Com Command select Open breaker Close breaker Block recloser Unblock recloser SIL-A_Rev / 137

138 States Remote Com Command select Open breaker Close breaker Block recloser Unblock recloser States local Local Com MMI Activity Local ctrl Command select Open breaker Close breaker Block recloser Unblock recloser SIL-A_Rev / 138

139 STATES GNAL Trip Battery supply 50 Hz Magnet module error Measure error Ready Protection error Setting change Set date/time Telecontrol NO Factory setting Eeprom error Eeprom changed Event Error SIL-A_Rev / 139

140 Settings Menu From the standby mode screen, press the OK key to access the first line of menus. Use the and keys to position the cursor over the SETTINGS screen and press OK. This takes you to the settings groups line. Use the and keys to position the cursor over a settings group, and press the OK key to access the settings that belong to this group. Use the and keys to move through the different settings. The information that appears underneath the setting name is its value. Select table 3 Select table 2 SETTINGS T.A. = 1 <- GEN COM-> Select table 1 = T. Activated Settings 50P_1 Settings 50P_2 Settings 51P Settings 50N_1 Settings 50N_2 Settings 51N Settings CLP Settings 50BF Settings 46 Settings 49 Settings 79 Settings 52 Settings 74TCS SIL-A_Rev / 140

141 Settings 50P_1 Function Enable Yes/No Settings 50P_2 Current Tap -- xin Time Delay -- s Settings 51P Function Enable Yes/No Curve type ---- Time Dial ---- Current Tap -- xin Time Delay -- s Settings 50N_1 Function Enable Yes/No Settings 50N_2 Current Tap -- xin Time Delay -- s Settings 51N Function Enable Yes/No Curve type ---- Time Dial ---- Current Tap -- xin Time Delay -- s SIL-A_Rev / 141

142 Settings CLP Function Enable Yes/No Multiplier 50P Multiplier 50P Multiplier 51P ---- Multiplier 50N Multiplier 50N No Load Time ---- Cold Load Time ---- Settings 50BF Function Enable Yes/No Time Delay -- s Settings 46 Function Enable Yes/No Current Tap -- xin Time Delay -- s Settings 49 Function Enable Yes/No Current Tap -- xin Heating Constant -- min Cooling Constant -- min Alarm Level -- % SIL-A_Rev / 142

143 Settings 79 Function Enable Yes/No Hold Enable Yes/No Reclose Number ---- Reclose 1 Time -- s Reclose 2 Time -- s Reclose 3 Time ---- Reclose 4 Time ---- Reclose 5 Time ---- Hold Time -- s Reset Time -- s Man. Open Time -- s Settings 52 Max Acumulated Open ---- Max Acumulated Amp. Yes/No Max Open Time -- s Max Close Time -- s Num Openings/Time -- s Perio Openings/Time -- min Settings 74CS Function Enable Yes/No Time Delay -- s Press the key to access the general settings from the "SETTINGS" screen. The general setting "Equipment name" can be viewed from the HMI, but it can only be modified by using the SICom program. The value of the "TI Phase ratio and TI Neutral ratio general settings is the result given by dividing the number of turns on the primary winding by the number on the secondary winding. For example: With TI 500/5, the setting would be 100. The frequency is selected by means of an internal equipment selector, which can be accessed by removing the rear selector access cover. The value is read only. SIL-A_Rev / 143

144 SETTINGS T.A. = 1 Generals Identification sin ajustar CT phase ratio ---- CT neutral ratio ---- Frequency 50/60 Hz Language --- Active Settings T Addr Baud --- Modbus Address --- Modbus Baudrate --- It is necessary to enter a password to change a setting for the first time. The settings can be changed after entering the password, until returning either manually or automatically to the standby mode screen. The system returns automatically to the standby mode screen if no key is pressed for five minutes. The factory setting password for the equipment is This password can be changed using the SICom program. The keys,, and are used to enter the password. and are used to introduce a value or a character, and the and keys are used to move from one character to another. If it is necessary to change one of the password characters or numbers due to an error, press to delete it. Press "OK to validate the password. SIL-A_Rev / 144

145 Shown below is the sequence of steps to follow to change a setting: Function Enable NO (password has not been set) (password is already set) Set Password >0 Set Password >5555 Function Enable NO -> NO Function Enable NO -> YES Function Enabled y/n? NO -> YES SETTING CHANGED Function Enable Function Enable YES SIL-A_Rev / 145

146 Events Menu From the standby mode screen, press the OK key to access the first line of menus. Use the and keys to position the cursor over the EVENTS screen and the number of events in the buffer will be displayed. Press and use the and keys to position the cursor over the events. EVENTS There are... Date-time Event description Date-time Event description Date-time Event description Date-time Event description "OK ó C" "OK ó C" "OK ó C" "OK ó C" 0/499 Event description measure 1/499 measure Event description 2/499 measure Event description 3/499 measure Event description The and shows the event has been caused by the activation or reset of the associated status. To delete the events buffer, position the cursor over the events menu and press and hold the "RESET" key, until there is only one event shown. This one event is "Deleted events". Each event contains the following information: Date-time Description of the event Size of the events buffer Position of the event within the list of events Events generated by a status activation or reset Associated measurement (if it has one) Fecha Activado o No activado 01/01/00 00:54:18600 EventosBorrados Hora Desplaz evento/número eventos Medida 1/275 medida EventosBorrados Descripción de Evento SIL-A_Rev / 146

147 Counters Menu The first line of menus can be accessed from the standby mode screen by pressing the OK key. Use the and keys to move the cursor through the different screens until it is positioned over the "COUNTERS" screen. Press and use the and keys to view the different counters. The information displayed below the counter name is its value. The password must be entered before attempting to change a counter for the first time. Counter changes are allowed once the password has been entered, until the standby mode screen is returned to automatically or manually. The system returns automatically to the standby mode screen if no key is pressed for five minutes. The factory setting password for the equipment is The password can be changed using the SICom program. The keys,, and are used to enter the password. and are used to introduce a value or a character, and the and keys are used to move from one character to another. If it is necessary to change one of the password characters or numbers due to an error, press to delete it. Press "OK to validate the password. COUNTERS Openings number ---- Openings number xxxx -> yyyy Accumulated Amps ---- Accumulated Amps xxxx -> yyyy Reclosings number ---- Reclosings number xxxx -> yyyy Thermal image ---- Thermal image xxxx -> yyyy SIL-A_Rev / 147

148 Commands Menu The first line of menus can be accessed from the standby mode screen by pressing the OK key. Use the and keys to move the cursor through the different screens until it is positioned over the "COMMANDS" screen. Press and use the and keys to view the different possible operations. Press the key to perform an operation, and press the key again to confirm the operation. COMMANDS EXECUTE COMMAND y/n Open Breaker CONFIRM COMMAND y/n Open Breaker EXECUTE COMMAND y/n Close Breaker CONFIRM COMMAND y/n Close Breaker EXECUTE COMMAND y/n Block recloser CONFIRM COMMAND y/n Block recloser EXECUTE COMMAND y/n Unblock recloser CONFIRM COMMAND y/n Unblock recloser EXECUTE COMMAND y/n Local Ctrl CONFIRM COMMAND y/n Local ctrl EXECUTE COMMAND y/n Telecontrol CONFIRM COMMAND y/n Telecontrol SIL-A_Rev / 148

149 Input Configuration Menu To assign a logical input to a physical input, go to the INPUT STATUS menu. If OK is pressed from the screen that displays the input s status (activated or deactivated), the current status of the logical input will disappear and the physical input that it is associated with will be displayed. To change the associated logical input, press OK and use the and keys to find the desired physical input. Confirm the choice by pressing OK. Go up through the menu levels by pressing the key. States INPUTS 52a Input not activated/activated 52a Input Not Assigned 52a Input Do not Set 52b Input not activated/activated 52a Input Assigned to Input-1 52a Input Set to Input-1 y/n 52a Input Assigned to Input-2 52a Input Set to Input-2 y/n 52a Input Assigned to Input-3 52a Input Set to Input-3 y/n 52a Input Assigned to Input-4 52a Input Set to Input-4 y/n 52a Input Set to Input-8 y/n SIL-A_Rev / 149

150 Leds, logical outputs and physical outputs configuration Menu An instant status is assigned to a physical output, a led, the 79 and 50 BF functions Pickup configuration or to the oscillography Pickup in the same way. The user must browse the STATUS menu to the required instant status. When the status appears, press to enter the output configuration menu. Use the and keys in this menu to find the desired physical output, led or bit. You can configure the LEDs DENIED by pressing the "RESET" key, in which case the symbol " " appears. You can set the FLASHING LEDs by pressing the " " key, in that case the symbol "Ф" appears. You can configure the LACHED LEDs by pressing the " " key, in that case the symbol "Θ" appears.the choice is cofirmed by pressing OK. After the confirmation is displayed on the screen, the index of 1 to 16 associated to the instantaneous status within the configuration is displayed. Go up through the menu levels by pressing the key. STATES GNAL Trip not activated/activated Trip Set Output 1 y/n Conf x/16 Output 1 Trip 50Hz not activated/activated Trip Set Output 5 y/n Conf x/16 Output 5 Trip Trip Set 79 Init y/n Conf x/16 79 Init Trip Trip Set 50BF Init y/n Conf x/16 50BF Trip Trip Set Osc Init y/n Conf x/16 Osc Init Trip Trip Set Led On y/n Conf x/16 Led On Trip Trip Set Led 1 y/n Conf x/16 Led 1 Trip Trip Set Led 5 y/n Conf x/16 Led 5 Trip To view or remove the instantaneous statuses assigned to a physical output, go to the OUTPUT STATUS" menu. When the output current status (activated or deactivated) is displayed, press the "OK key to replace this current status reading with the first instantaneous status that is associated with the output, along with its index number from 1 to 16. The and keys can be used in this menu to browse all of the statuses (up to 16) that are associated with a physical output. Press and hold the RESET key while viewing any of the instantaneous statuses associated with the output and its index number from 1 to 16 to remove the association with the physical output. SIL-A_Rev / 150

151 8. MODBUS RTU PROTOCOL The communication parameters are as follows: Adjustable Speed and Direction 8 data bits No parity 1 stop bit This document describes the steps to follow to read and write data on the SIL A relay, as per the ModBUS/RTU protocol. This memory map is only valid for one piece of equipment and one version of the memory. The positions of existing objects in the memory remain fixed from one version to the next, but new objects will naturally have new addresses which will, in turn, remain fixed in future versions. The memory map is described further on. The standard ModBUS/RTU protocol is used, so any program or PC can communicate easily with the equipment. The SIL A always acts as a slave, which means that it never initiates communications. The master is always responsible for initiating communications. Only a subset of the ModBUS/RTU functions is implemented: Reading function 3. Writing function 16. The ModBUS/RTU protocol is independent from the hardware. Therefore, the physical layer can exist in different hardware configurations: RS232, RS485, fibre optic or Ethernet. Specifically, the relay has a front RS232 port and, as an option, a rear RS485 port. The data stream in any of the configurations is half-duplex. Each byte of data is transmitted asynchronously and is made up of: 1 Pickup bit, 8 data bits, 1 stop bit and 1 parity bit, if this is how it is programmed. Therefore, the data has 10 or 11 bits, depending on whether or not it includes parity. When the equipment has a single front port, the address can be configured but the rest of the parameters are fixed: the speed is 19200, without parity and with 1 stop bit. The equipment are two ports, one front and one rear, the following features can be configured: speed (4800, 9600, or 38400) and the address (1 to 254). The master must know the address of the slave that it is going to communicate with. No unit will act on requests from the master if the message is not addressed to them. The exception is when the 0 address, or broadcast address, is used, in which case the relay will act but will not send an answer of any type. Communications are made in packages or frames, which are groups of data that are sent asynchronously. The master transmits a frame to the slave, and the slave then replies with another frame (except in the case of broadcast messages). The end of the frame is marked by a dead time or silence time in the communication medium. The length of this time of silence varies depending on the transmission speed, as it is equivalent to 3 characters. The following table shows the generic package format that is valid for transmission and reception. However, each function has its own peculiarities, as will be described further on. SIL-A_Rev / 151

152 8.1. ModBus package format CUSTOMER ADDRESS FUNCTION CODE 1 byte Each device on a communication bus must have a unique address, otherwise two different units could reply simultaneously to the same request. All ports of the relay will use this address which can be set a value between 1 and 247. When the master transmits a frame with the slave address to 0 indicates a Broadcast. All the slaves in the communications bus will carry out the requested action, but no one will reply to the master. The Broadcast will only be accepted to write, as it makes no sense to make a read request in the Broadcast, as no one will reply this request. 1 byte This is one of the function codes supported by the equipment. In this case, the only function codes supported are 3 to read and 16 to write. When the slave has to reply with an exception one of these frames, it is indicated by putting 1 in the most important bit of the correspondent function. Thus, an exception for the function 3, will be indicated with a 83 as a function code; and an exception for the function code 16 or 0x10 in hexadecimal, will be indicated with an 0x90. DATA N bytes This part consists of a variable number of bytes, depending on the function code. It may include: addresses, data lengths, settings, commands or exception codes sent by the user. CRC 2 bytes Control code of two bytes. The ModBus/RTU includes a 16 bit CRC in each frame, to detect errors. If the slave detects an erroneous frame, based on a CRC that is not correct, it won t take any action, nor will reply anything to the master. The management of the CRC is LSB-MSB. DEAD TIME Necessary time to transmit 3,5 Bytes A frame is terminated when nothing is received for a period of 3,5 bytes. It means: 15 ms at 2400 bps 2 ms at bps...etc. SIL-A_Rev / 152

153 8.2. Function codes HEX DEC CODE MODBUS NAME DEFINITION COMMENT 0x03 3 Read Holding Registers Reading of Any Value This function allows the master to read 1 or more consecutive addresses of a relay. The registers always are of 16 bits, with the most important byte at first. The maximum number of registers to be read in a package are 60. 0x10 16 Preset Multiple Registers Script This function allows to write one or more registers that represent one or more settings. The registers are values of 2 bytes of length, transmitted with the most important byte at first. The maximum number of register to be written in a package is SIL-A_Rev / 153

154 8.3. Exemptions an error answers The error codes defined by the ModBus protocol are as follows: 01 ILLEGAL FUNCTION The slave does not support any function with the function code received in this message. 02 ILLEGAL DATA ADDRESS The master is trying to do an operation in a wrong address. 03 ILLEGAL DATA VALUE 04 SLAVE DEVICE FAILURE The slave has detected that the value sent by the master is not valid. Indicates an error occurred in the slave while trying to execute the request of the master. 05 ACKNOWLEDGE Generic recognition. 06 SLAVE DEVICE BUSY The slave is busy and unable to perform the required operation. 07 NEGATIVE ACKNOWLEDGE Generic non-recognition Data type Type Length Description UCHAR 1/2 Integer without sign of 1 byte BYTE 1/2 Integer with sign of 1 byte BIT16 1 Gathered bits type, groups of 16. E. g.: 0x1A41 = b BIT32 2 Gathered bits type, groups of 32. ENUM 1 Integer without sign of 16 bits. Each of the values that the integer can be will have a correspondence in the auxiliar list of the database. I this list is the correspondence chain which must be shown for each of the values. Memory will only receive an integer value. E. g.: 0, 1 Correspondence to CLOSED, OPEN DENUM 2 Integer without sign of 32 bits UINT 1 Integer without sign of 2 bytes INT 1 Integer with sign of 2 bytes LONG 2 Integer without sign of 4 bytes DWORD 2 Integer with sign of 4 bytes SIL-A_Rev / 154

155 FLOAT 2 Number in floating decimal point Float of 4 bytes ASCIIxx xx/2 String: In length variable character chain. Final of String marked with \0. E. g.: ABC 0x41x42x43x00... MILIS 3 FH 5 Minutes(passed since 00:00 of 1/1/2000)(LONG).milliseconds(UINT) Year(UINT).month(UCHAR).day(UCHAR).hour(UCHAR).minutes( UCHAR).seconds (UCHAR).hundredth(UCHAR).thousandth(UINT) CONT 13 Directory(UINT).Value(DWORD).Description(ASCII20) EVENT 9 Criteria Directory(UINT).Event Identifier(UINT).Value(UINT).Associated Measure(UINT).Date and Time(FH) EVENTO 10 Antiquity(UINT).Event(EVENT) CCRIT 6 PEST 61 PCRIT 61 CMED 8 GAJU 61 Criteria Number(UINT).Criteria Directory(UINT).Descriptive text(ascii8) Number of States(UINT).Protection State-1(BIT16). Protection State-60(BIT16) Number of Criteria(UINT).Index of Criteria-1(UINT). Index of Criteria-60(UINT). Number of Meassure(UINT).Descriptive text(ascii7).unit(ascii3).primary Unit(ASCII5).Number of decimals(uchar) Number of Groups(UINT).Index of the Criteria-1(UINT).Index of the first setting of the Criteria-1(UINT). Index of the Criterion- 30(UINT).Index of the first setting of the Criteria-30(UINT). When the data format takes up more than one BYTE, the most important BYTE is sent through the communications first, and the least important BYTE is sent last. SIL-A_Rev / 155

156 8.5. Memory map of SIL A Function Description Pickup address Number of registries Format 03 Read of Model and Version ASCII88 03 Read of Equipment State BIT32 03 Read of Access Level UCHAR8 16 Write access code UCHAR4 See general status map See Passwords and Access Levels See Passwords and Access Levels 03 Read Date and Time FH 16 Write Date and Time FH 16 Write the Directory of Counters UINT See counters map 03 Read of Counters CONT 16 Write of Counters CONT 16 Selection of Command UINT 16 Confirmation of Command UINT 16 Write the Directory of Event UINT 03 Read an Event EVENT See counters map See counters map See commands map See commands map See commands map See events list 03 Read and Delete the oldest Event EVENT See events list 16 Delete All Events Dummy 16 Write the Directory of the Protection Criterion UINT See protection criteria map 03 Read of the Protection States PEST See protection status map 03 Read of which protection criterion implements the equipment PCRIT See protection criteria map SIL-A_Rev / 156

157 03 Read the characteristicsof a Protection Criterion CCRIT See protection criteria map 16 Write the Measure Directory UINT See measures map 03 Read Secondary Measure FLOAT 03 Read Primary Measure FLOAT See measures map See measures map 03 Read the characteristics of a measure CMED See measures map 16 Write the number of the Setting List UINT 03 Read of a Setting Write of a Setting See Settings map See Settings map 16 Write-Confirmation of a Setting See Settings map 03 Read directory of first setting of each protection criterion GAJU See Settings map 8.6. General Status Map bit-0 Trip bit-16 Equipment Pickup bit-1 External Trip Input Active bit-17 Protection Error bit-2 Auxiliary Supply bit-18 Settings Change bit-3 RESERVED bit-19 RESERVED bit-4 Local Power Supply bit-20 Date and Time Synchronized bit-5 RESERVED bit-21 No Telecontrol bit-6 Frequency 50 Hz bit-22 Error Default Settings bit-7 RESERVED bit-23 E2prom Error bit-8 RESERVED bit-24 RESERVED bit-9 RESERVED bit-25 RESERVED bit-10 RESERVED bit-26 RESERVED bit-11 RESERVED bit-27 Change of values in E2prom bit-12 RESERVED bit-28 Error registering Events bit-13 RESERVED bit-29 RESERVED bit-14 RESERVED bit-30 RESERVED bit-15 Measure Error bit-31 There are New Events SIL-A_Rev / 157

158 8.7. Counters Map 1 Counter to record the number of openings 2 Accumulated amps counter: I²t 3 Counter to record the number of reclosings 4 Thermal Image 8.8. Commands Map 2 Open Circuit Breaker 3 Close Circuit Breaker 4 Lock the recloser 5 Unlock the recloser 8.9. Measurements Map 1 IA 2 IB 3 IC 4 IN 5 I2 6 Thermal Image SIL-A_Rev / 158

159 8.10. Protection criteria map Criteria Number Criteria Directory Criteria denomination =50* P_1 2 50* P_2 3 51* P 4 150* N_ * N_ * N 7 203*256+1 COLD LOAD PICKUP (CLP) 8 24* BF 9 46* (Negative sequence) 10 49* (Thermal Image) *256+3 General Status *256+4 Measurements *256+8 Inputs *26+14 Outputs 15 79* (Auto-recloser) 16 52* (Breaker) 17 74* TCS *256+2 Oscillography records *256+2 Remote ModBus Protocol *256+2 Remote IEC Protocol *256+1 Local ModBus Protocol SIL-A_Rev / 159

160 8.11. Protection status map Criteria 50P_1 50P_2 51P 50N1 50N2 51N CLP 50BF bit-0 bit-1 bit-2 bit-3 bit-8 bit-9 bit-10 bit-11 bit-0 bit-1 bit-2 bit-3 bit-8 bit-9 bit-10 bit-11 bit-0 bit-1 bit-2 bit-3 bit-8 bit-9 bit-10 bit-11 bit-4 bit-12 bit-4 bit-12 bit-4 bit-12 bit-4 bit-12 bit-4 bit-12 Protection criteria status Phase A Pickup Phase B Pickup Phase C Pickup Pickup Phase A trip Phase B trip Phase C trip Trip Phase A Pickup Phase B Pickup Phase C Pickup Pickup Phase A trip Phase B trip Phase C trip Trip Phase A Pickup Phase B Pickup Phase C Pickup Pickup Phase A trip Phase B trip Phase C trip Trip Pickup Trip Pickup Trip Pickup Trip Pickup Activated Pickup Trip SIL-A_Rev / 160

161 General: bit-4 bit-12 bit-4 bit-12 bit-0 Bit-1 Bit-2 Bit-4 bit-6 bit-14 bit-15 bit-16 bit-17 bit-18 bit-20 bit-21 bit-22 bit-23 bit-27 bit-28 bit-31 bit-48 bit-49 bit-50 bit-51 bit-52 bit-53 bit-54 bit-55 bit-56 bit-57 Pickup Trip Alarm Trip Trip External Trip Input Active Auxiliar Supply Local supply 50 Hz network frequency Magnetic module error Measurement error Device Pickup Protection error Settings changed Date and time synchronization Remote Control to Local Default settings error EEPROM error EEPROM values changed Events log error New Events Pickup, Neutral Pickup, phase A Pickup, phase B Pickup, phase C Pickup, GENERAL Phase A Trip Phase B Trip Phase C Trip 50N Trip 50P Trip SIL-A_Rev / 161

162 Inputs Outputs bit-0 Input 52a bit-1 Input 52b bit-2 50P lock input bit-3 50N lock input bit-4 External Trip Input bit-5 Oscillography Start Up Input bit-6 79 Start Input bit-7 79 Permission Input bit-8 79 Lock Input bit-9 Active Table Input0 bit-10 Active Table Input1 bit-11 Lock 79 bit-12 Unlock 79 bit-13 50BF Start bit-16 Input -1 bit-17 Input -2 bit-18 Input -3 bit-19 Input -4 bit-20 Input -5 bit-21 Input -6 bit-22 Input -7 bit-23 Input -8 bit-24 Control Voltage bit-25 A continuity bit-26 B continuity bit-0 Output - 1 bit-1 Output - 2 bit-2 Output - 3 bit-3 Output - 4 bit-4 Output - 5 bit-5 79 Start bit-6 50BF Start bit-7 Oscillography Start bit-8 ON Led bit-9 Led -1 bit-10 Led -2 bit-11 Led -3 bit-12 Led -4 bit-13 Led -5 SIL-A_Rev / 162

163 TCS Remote ModBus bit-0 Status 79 Standby bit-1 Status 79 Reclosing time bit-2 Status 79 Open bit-3 Status 79 Hold Time bit-4 Status 79 Closing time bit-5 Status 79 Replacement time bit-6 Status 79 in Lockout bit-7 Status 79 Safety time bit-8 Status 79 Definitive Opening Time bit-0 Status 52 Error bit-1 Status 52 Open bit-2 Status 52 Opening time bit-3 Status 52 Opening fault bit-4 Status 52 Closed bit-5 Status 52 Closing time bit-6 Status 52 Closure fault bit-7 Status 52 excessive openings bit-8 Status 52 excessive accumulated amperes bit-9 Status 52 excessive openings per minute bit-10 Status 52-A bit-11 Status 52-B bit-12 Status 52 Error bit-4 Pickup bit-12 Trip bit-0 Remote Communication bit-16 Procedure selection bit-17 Open Circuit Breaker bit-18 Close Circuit Breaker bit-19 Lock 79 bit-20 Unlock 79 SIL-A_Rev / 163

164 IEC IEC Local Modbus bit-0 Remote Communication bit-17 Open Circuit Breaker bit-18 Close Circuit Breaker bit-19 Lock 79 bit-20 Unlock 79 bit-0 Remote Communication bit-17 Open Circuit Breaker bit-18 Close Circuit Breaker bit-19 Lock 79 bit-20 Unlock 79 bit-0 Local communication bit-1 HMI Activity bit-16 Procedure selection bit-17 Open Circuit Breaker bit-18 Close Circuit Breaker bit-19 Lock 79 bit-20 Unlock 79 SIL-A_Rev / 164

165 8.12. Events list Criteria EVENT No. Event identifier 1 50 Pickup up A 2 50 Pickup up B 3 50 Pickup up C 50P_ Pickup up P 5 50 Trip A 6 50 Trip B 7 50 Trip C 8 50 Trip P 1 50 Pickup up A 2 50 Pickup up B 3 50 Pickup up C 50P_ Pickup up P 5 50 Trip A 6 50 Trip B 7 50 Trip C 8 50 Trip P 1 51 Pickup up A 2 51 Pickup up B 3 51 Pickup up C 51P 4 51 Pickup up P 5 51 Trip A 6 51 Trip B 7 51 Trip C 8 51 Trip P 50N_ Pickup up N 2 50 Trip N SIL-A_Rev / 165

166 50N_2 51N CLP 50BF Pickup up N 2 50 Trip N 1 51 Pickup up N 2 51 Trip N 1 Pickup 2 Activation 1 Pickup 2 Activation 1 Pickup 2 Activation 1 Alarm 2 Activation SIL-A_Rev / 166

167 1 General Trip 7 General 50Hz 17 General Ready 18 General Error Protection 19 General adjustments change 21 General time synchronisation 22 General Telecontrol NO 23 General Eeprom with factory values 24 General eeprom error 28 General Eeprom values change 29 General events error General 30 General New Oscillography record 38 General Measurement error 40 Magnetic module error 48 General Erased Events 49 Neutral pick-up 50 Phase A pick-up 51 Phase B pick-up 52 Phase C pick-up 53 GENERAL pick-up 54 Phase A trip 55 Phase B trip 56 Phase C trip 57 50N trip 58 50P trip SIL-A_Rev / 167

168 1 Input 52 a 2 Input 52 b 3 Input Blocking 50P_1, 50P_2 4 Input Blocking 50N_1, 50N_2 5 Input External Trip 6 Input Oscillography Trip 7 Input init 79 8 Input enable 79 9 Input Locking Input 0 select table Inputs 11 Input 1 select table 12 Lock Unlock Input init 50BF 17 Input1 18 Input2 19 Input3 20 Input4 21 Input5 22 Input6 23 Input7 24 Input8 1 Output1 2 Output2 3 Output3 Outputs 4 Output4 5 Output5 6 Init 79 7 Init 50BF 8 Init oscillography SIL-A_Rev / 168

169 1 Status 79 Standby 2 Status 79 Reclosing time 3 Status 79 Open 4 Status 79 Hold Time 79 5 Status 79 Closing time 6 Status 79 Reset time 7 Status 79 in Lockout 8 Status 79 Safety time 9 Status 79 Definitive Opening Time 1 Status 52 Error 2 Status 52 Open 3 Status 52 Opening time 4 Status 52 Opening fault 5 Status 52 Closed 52 6 Status 52 Closing time 7 Status 52 Closure fault 8 Status 52 excessive openings 9 Status 52 excessive accumulated amperes 10 Status 52 excessive openings per minute 11 Status 52-A 12 Status 52-B 13 Status 52 Error 74TCS 1 Pickup 2 Activation SIL-A_Rev / 169

170 1 Procedure selection Remote ModBus 2 Open Circuit Breaker 3 Close Circuit Breaker 4 Lock 79 5 Unlock 79 1 Procedure selection IEC Open Circuit Breaker 3 Close Circuit Breaker 4 Lock 79 5 Unlock 79 1 Procedure selection Local Modbus 2 Open Circuit Breaker 3 Close Circuit Breaker 4 Lock 79 5 Unlock 79 SIL-A_Rev / 170

171 8.13. Settings map Pickup Address for Read and Write in ModBus Pickup Address for Write-Confirmation in ModBus Type Category Function Minimum Maximum Step Unit ASCII20 General Equipment identifier LONG General Phase CT Ratio LONG General Neutral CT Ratio DENUM 5060Hz DENUM LANGUAGE General Frequency Hz General Language LONG General Settings Group LONG DENUM BAUDRATE LONG DENUM BAUDRATE Commun ications Commun ications Commun ications Commun ications Address BaudRate baud ModBus Address ModBus BaudRate baud DENUM NOSI 50P_1 Permission FLOAT 50P_1 Tap 0,10 30,00 0,01 Inominal FLOAT 50P_1 Operating Time 0,02 300,0 0,01 s DENUM NOSI 50P_2 Permission FLOAT 50P_2 Tap 0,10 30,00 0,01 Inominal FLOAT 50P_2 Operating Time 0,02 300,0 0,01 s DENUM NOSI 51P Permission DENUM CURVAEXT 51P Curve (1*) Inominal FLOAT 51P Dial 0,05 2,20 0,01 s FLOAT 51P Tap 0,10 7,00 0, FLOAT 51P Operating Time 0,02 300,0 0,01 Inominal DENUM NOSI 50N_1 Permission s FLOAT 50N_1 Tap 0,10 30,00 0,01 Inominal FLOAT 50N_1 Operating Time 0,02 300,0 0,01 s SIL-A_Rev / 171

172 ...Pickup Address for Read and Write in ModBus...Pickup Address for Write- Confirmation in ModBus...Type...Category...Function...Minimum...Maximum...Step...Unit DENUM NOSI 50N_2 Permission FLOAT 50N_2 Tap 0,10 30,00 0,01 Inominal FLOAT 50N_2 Operating Time 0,02 300,0 0,01 s DENUM NOSI 51N Permission DENUM CURVAEXT 51N Curve (1*) FLOAT 51N Dial 0,05 2,20 0, FLOAT 51N Tap 0,10 7,00 0,01 Inominal FLOAT 51N Operating Time 0,02 300,0 0,01 s DENUM NOSI 50BF Permission FLOAT 50BF Failure Opening Time 0,02 1,00 0, DENUM NOSI 46 Permission FLOAT 46 Tap 0,10 1 0,01 Inominal FLOAT 46 Operating Time 0,02 300,0 0,01 s LONG LONG 52 SIL A xxxx0xxxx model Excessive Number of Openings Maximum Accumulated Amps KA FLOAT 52 Opening Time 0,02 300,0 0,01 s FLOAT 52 Closing Time 0,02 300,0 0,01 s LONG FLOAT 52 Excessive Repeated Openings Time of Excessive Repeated Openings ,00 300,0 0,01 min DENUM NOSI 79 Permission DENUM NOSI 79 Hold permission LONG 79 Number of reclosings FLOAT 79 Reclose time 1 0,02 300,00 0,01 s FLOAT 79 Reclose time 2 0,02 300,00 0,01 s s SIL-A_Rev / 172

173 FLOAT 79 Reclose time 3 0,02 300,00 0,01 s FLOAT 79 Reclose time 4 0,02 300,00 0,01 s FLOAT 79 Reclose time 5 0,02 300,00 0,01 s FLOAT 79 Time delay 0,02 300,00 0,01 s FLOAT 79 Replacement time 0,02 300,00 0,01 s FLOAT 79 Definitive Opening time 0,02 300,00 0,01 s DENUM NOSI CLP Permission FLOAT CLP 50P_1 Multiplier 1 5 0, FLOAT CLP 50P_2 Multiplier 1 5 0, FLOAT CLP 51P Multiplier 1 5 0, FLOAT CLP 50N_1 Multiplier 1 5 0, FLOAT CLP 50N_2 Multiplier 1 5 0, FLOAT CLP 51N Multiplier 1 5 0, FLOAT CLP Cold Load pass time ,00 s FLOAT CLP CLP duration ,00 s DENUM NOSI 74TCS Permission FLOAT 74TCS Operating time 0,02 300,00 0,01 s SIL A xxxx1xxxx model DENUM NOSI 49 Permission FLOAT 49 Tap 0,1 2,40 0,01 Inominal ?? 49 ζ heating min ?? 49 ζ cooling ζ heating ?? 49 Alarm % LONG 52 Excessive Number of Openings LONG 52 Maximum Accumulated Amps KA FLOAT 52 Opening Time 0,02 300,0 0,01 s FLOAT 52 Closing Time 0,02 300,0 0,01 s LONG 52 Excessive Repeated Openings FLOAT 52 Time of Excessive Repeated Openings ,00 300,0 0,01 min DENUM NOSI 79 Permission DENUM NOSI 79 Hold permission LONG 79 Number of reclosings FLOAT 79 Reclose time 1 0,02 300,00 0,01 s FLOAT 79 Reclose time 2 0,02 300,00 0,01 s FLOAT 79 Reclose time 3 0,02 300,00 0,01 s SIL-A_Rev / 173

174 FLOAT 79 Reclose time 4 0,02 300,00 0,01 s FLOAT 79 Reclose time 5 0,02 300,00 0,01 s FLOAT 79 Time delay 0,02 300,00 0,01 s FLOAT 79 Replacement time 0,02 300,00 0,01 s FLOAT 79 Definitive Opening time 0,02 300,00 0,01 s DENUM NOSI CLP Permission FLOAT CLP 50P_1 Multiplier 1 5 0, FLOAT CLP 50P_2 Multiplier 1 5 0, FLOAT CLP 51P Multiplier 1 5 0, FLOAT CLP 50N_1 Multiplier 1 5 0, FLOAT CLP 50N_2 Multiplier 1 5 0, FLOAT CLP 51N Multiplier 1 5 0, FLOAT CLP Cold Load pass time ,00 s FLOAT CLP CLP duration ,00 s DENUM NOSI 74TCS Permission FLOAT 74TCS Operating time 0,02 300,00 0,01 s (1*) Values of the curve: Value Curve 0 IEC inverse 1 IEC very inverse 2 IEC extremely inverse 3 Definite time SIL-A_Rev / 174

175 8.14. Examples of ModBus frames Writing the access password 5555 to equipment no. 1 address function H Pickup address L Pickup address Number of H registers Number of L registers Number of Bytes Password checksum H checks um L A ,35,35,35 30 F4 And the SIL-A will reply OK: address function H Pickup address L Pickup address Number of H registers Number of L registers Number of Bytes checksum H checksum L A Reading the 4 measurements from the primary winding of equipment no. 1 address function H Pickup address L Pickup address Number of H registers Number of L registers checksum H checksum L address And the SIL-A will reply with the IA, IB, IC and I0 measurements in FLOAT format: function Number of Bytes Measurement IA Measurement IB Measurement IC Measurement IN checksum H checksum L ,00,00,00 00,00,00,00 00,00,00,00 00,00,00,00 E4 59 Reading the protection status of equipment no. 1 address function H Pickup address L Pickup address Number of H registers Number of L registers checksum H checksum L F5 00 3D 95 D5 And the SIL-A will reply with: address function Number of Bytes 50P Status 51P Status 50N Status 51N Status General Status Inputs Status Outputs Status COM Status A 00,09 00,00 00,00 00,00 00,00,00,D2 80,21 00,00 00,03 RESERVED checksum H checksum L 00,00,00,01,00,00,00,00,.,7C,B1,0A,AF,DD 3B 1D SIL-A_Rev / 175

176 9. IEC PROTOCOL This section describes the protocol IEC implementation in the unit Physical layer Electrical interface X RS Number of loads for one protection equipment Transmission speed X X X X 4800 bits/s 9600 bits/s bits/s bits/s Transmission parameters Data size parity 8 bit EVEN Stop bits 1 SIL-A_Rev / 176

177 9.2. Application layer Transmission mode for application data Mode 1 (least significant octet first), as defined in 4.10 of IEC , is used exclusively in this companion standard. The following functions are supported: Initialization General Interrogation Synchronization Commands transmission Information in monitor direction: <1>:= time-tagged message <2>:= time-tagged message with relative time <3>:= measurands I <5>:= identification <6>:= time synchronization <8>:= general interrogation termination Information in control direction: <6>:= time synchronization <7>:= general interrogation <20>:= general command Common address of ASDU X One COMMON ADDRESS OF ASDU (identical with station address) More than one COMMON ADDRESS OF ASDU 255 GLOBAL ADDRESS Selection of standard information numbers in monitor direction SILA FUN INF Description TYP COT System functions in monitor direction X 160 <0> End of general interrogation 8 End of GI X 160 <0> Time synchronization 6 TS X 160 <2> Reset FCB 5 Reset FCB X 160 <3> Reset CU 5 Reset CU X 160 <4> Pickup/rePickup 5 Pickup/rePickup <5> Power on SIL-A_Rev / 177

178 Status indications in monitor direction X 160 <16> Auto-recloser active 1 SE,GI X 160 <17> Teleprotection active 1 SE,GI X 160 <18> Protection active 1 SE,GI <19> LED reset <20> Monitor direction locked <21> Test mode X 160 <22> Local parameter setting 1 GI <23> Characteristic 1 <24> Characteristic 2 <25> Characteristic 3 <26> Characteristic 4 X 160 <27> Auxiliary input 1 1 SE,GI X 160 <28> Auxiliary input 2 1 SE,GI X 160 <29> Auxiliary input 3 1 SE,GI X 160 <30> Auxiliary input 4 1 SE,GI <32> <33> <35> Supervision indications in monitor direction Measurand supervision I Measurand supervision V Phase sequence supervision X 160 <36> Trip circuit supervision 1 SE,GI <37> I>> back-up operation <38> VT fuse failure <39> Teleprotection disturbed <46> Group warning <47> Group alarm SIL-A_Rev / 178

179 Earth fault indications in monitor direction <48> Earth fault L1 <49> Earth fault L2 <50> Earth fault L3 <51> <52> Earth fault forward, i.e. line Earth fault reverse, i.e. busbar Fault indications in monitor direction X 160 <64> Pickup / pick-up L1 2 SE X 160 <65> Pickup / pick-up L2 2 SE X 160 <66> Pickup / pick-up L3 2 SE X 160 <67> Pickup / pick-up N 2 SE X 160 <68> General trip 2 SE X 160 <69> Trip L1 2 SE X 160 <70> Trip L2 2 SE X 160 <71> Trip L3 2 SE...Fault indications in monitor direction <72> Trip I>> (back-up operation) <73> Fault location X in ohms <74> Fault forward / line <75> Fault forward / busbar <76> Teleprotection signal transmitted <77> Teleprotection signal received <78> Zone 1 <79> Zone 2 <80> Zone 3 <81> Zone 4 <82> Zone 5 <83> Zone 6 X 160 <84> General Pickup / pick-up 2 SE X 160 <85> Breaker failure 2 SE SIL-A_Rev / 179

180 <86> Trip measuring system L1 <87> Trip measuring system L2 <88> Trip measuring system L3 <89> Trip measuring system E X 160 <90> Trip I> 2 SE X 160 <91> Trip I>> 2 SE X 160 <92> Trip IN> 2 SE X 160 <93> Trip IN>> 2 SE Auto-reclosure indications in monitor direction X 160 <128> CB 'on' by AR 1 SE <129> CB 'on' by long-time AR X 160 <130> AR blocked 1 SE,GI Measurements in monitor direction X 160 <144> Measurement I 3.1 CYC <145> Measurement I, V <146> Measurements I, V, P, Q <147> Measurements In, Vn <148> Measurements IL123, VL123, P, Q, f SIL-A_Rev / 180

181 Generic functions in monitor direction <240> <241> Read headings of all defined groups Read values or attributes of all entries of one group <243> Read directory of a single entry <244> <245> Read value or attribute of a single entry End of general interrogation of generic data <249> Write entry with confirmation <250> Write entry with execution <251> Write entry aborted Particular Status indications in monitor direction X 200 <1> CB close 1 SE,GI SIL-A_Rev / 181

182 Selection of standard information numbers in control direction SILA FUN INF Description TYP COT System functions in control direction X 160 <0> Initiation of general interrogation 7 Init of GI X 160 <0> Time synchronization 6 TS General commands in control direction X 160 <16> Auto-recloser on / off 20 ACK,NACK <17> Teleprotection on / off <18> Protection on / off <19> LED reset <23> Activate characteristic 1 <24> Activate characteristic 2 <25> Activate characteristic 3 <26> Activate characteristic 4 Generic functions in control direction <240> Read headings of all defined groups <241> Read values or attributes of all entries of one group <243> Read directory of a single entry <244> Read value or attribute of a single entry <245> End of general interrogation of generic data <248> Write entry <249> Write entry with confirmation <250> Write entry with execution <251> Write entry aborted Particular commands in control direction X 200 <1> CB open /close 20 ACK,NACK SIL-A_Rev / 182

183 10. IEC PROTOCOL This section describes the implementation of IEC protocol in compact SILA. IEC protocol defines a way of structuring the available information in each device, that is reflected in the Data Model and a way of managing and sending this information through communications using specific Services. SILA device will be known as a Server IED (Intelligent Electronic Device), which services will be available using the Ethernet through its default IP ( ) MMS will be the used Ethernet protocol for the Client-Server communication and 102 will be the used port. GOOSE fast messages is not a Client-Server communication like TCP/IP but a Multicast communication that sends messages directly to the Link Layer using MAC directions as destination directions for publishing the GOOSE DATA MODEL Server IEDs have all the information of all their events, measures, parameters and services, organized in a hierachical structure with device s functional units as main ones. The main level of the structure is the name of the IED, by default TEMPLATE, with its instance LD1 Down the IED there are Logical Nodes that represent the functional units of the IED (Protection, Control and measure units, status of external elements like circuit breaker, etc.) Inside Logical Nodes there are Data objects that compose a functional unit, and inside each Data object, there are Data attributes that give complete information about this Data object. As example, the ground overcurrent protection unit is represented in SILA according IEC as the logical node PIOC, with the prefix GND and the instance 1: GNDPIOC1 In the Logical Node, the starting of the unit is represented by its Data Object, Str, with a list of Data Attributes that give information about the starting: Attribute neut indicates the status of the starting, t attribute indicates the time stamp when the starting has changed, etc. SIL-A_Rev / 183

184 The Data model of SILA according IEC is represented in the following tables: Protection: Function Logical Node Data Object Data Attribute General Start / Pick up PTRC1 Str general Start / pick up L1 PTRC1 Str phsa Start / pick up L2 PTRC1 Str phsb Start / pick up L3 PTRC1 Str phsc Start / pick up N PTRC1 Str neut General Trip PTRC1 Tr general Trip L1 PTRC1 Op phsa Trip L2 PTRC1 Op phsb Trip L3 PTRC1 Op phsc 50P_1 Start A (PHS)PIOC1 Str phsa 50P_1 Start B (PHS)PIOC1 Str phsb 50P_1 Start C (PHS)PIOC1 Str phsc 50P_1 Start P (PHS)PIOC1 Str general 50P_1 Trip A (PHS)PIOC1 Op phsa 50P_1 Trip B (PHS)PIOC1 Op phsb 50P_1 Trip C (PHS)PIOC1 Op phsc 50P_1 Trip P (PHS)PIOC1 Op general 50P_2 Start A (PHS)PIOC2 Str phsa 50P_2 Start B (PHS)PIOC2 Str phsb 50P_2 Start C (PHS)PIOC2 Str phsc 50P_2 Start P (PHS)PIOC2 Str general 50P_2 Trip A (PHS)PIOC2 Op phsa 50P_2 Trip B (PHS)PIOC2 Op phsb 50P_2 Trip C (PHS)PIOC2 Op phsc 50P_2 Trip P (PHS)PIOC2 Op general CLP Activation RCLP1 Op general 50BF Start RBRF1 Str general Break Failure RBRF1 OpEx general SIL-A_Rev / 184

185 50BF Activation RBRF1 OpIn general 50N_1 Start (GND)PIOC1 Str general 50N_1 Trip (GND)PIOC1 Op general 50N_2 Start (GND)PIOC2 Str general 50N_2 Trip (GND)PIOC2 Op general Measures: Function Logical Node Data Object Data Attribute Current Phase B MMXU1 A.phsB cval.mag.i System Functions: Function Logical Node Data Object Attribute Teleprotection active LLN0 LocKey stval Protection active LPHD1 PwrUp stval Auxiliary Input 1 GGIO1 Ind1 stval Auxiliary Input 2 GGIO1 Ind2 stval Auxiliary Input 3 GGIO1 Ind3 stval Auxiliary Input 4 GGIO1 Ind4 stval Auxiliary Input 5 GGIO1 Ind5 stval Auxiliary Input 6 GGIO1 Ind6 stval Auxiliary Input 7 GGIO1 Ind7 stval Auxiliary Input 8 GGIO1 Ind8 stval 79 Enabled GGIO2 Ind1 stval Local Parameter Setting GGIO2 Ind2 stval Trip Circuit Supervision GGIO2 Ind3 stval SIL-A_Rev / 185

186 Trip I> GGIO2 Ind4 stval Trip IN> GGIO2 Ind5 stval CB on by AR GGIO2 Ind6 stval 52 Status Open Failure GGIO2 Ind7 stval 52 Status Close Failure GGIO2 Ind8 stval 52 Status excessive openinigs GGIO2 Ind9 stval 52 Status excessive sum of switched amperes 52 Status excessive openings per minute GGIO2 Ind10 stval GGIO2 Ind11 stval 52-A Status GGIO2 Ind12 stval 52-B Status GGIO2 Ind13 stval 52 Status Error GGIO2 Ind14 stval 79 Status Reclose Time GGIO2 Ind15 stval 79 Status Open GGIO2 Ind16 stval 79 Status Wait Time GGIO2 Ind17 stval 79 Status Reclaim Time GGIO2 Ind18 stval 79 Status Security Time GGIO2 Ind19 stval 79 Status Final opne Time GGIO2 Ind20 stval 52 a Input GGIO2 Ind30 stval 52 b Input GGIO2 Ind31 stval Phase lockout input GGIO2 Ind32 stval Ground lockout input GGIO3 Ind1 stval External trip input GGIO3 Ind2 stval Oscillographic start input GGIO3 Ind3 stval 79 Start input GGIO3 Ind4 stval 79 Enable input GGIO3 Ind5 stval 79 Level lockout input GGIO3 Ind6 stval 0 Setting group input GGIO3 Ind7 stval 1 Setting group input GGIO3 Ind8 stval 79 pulse lockout input GGIO3 Ind9 stval 79 pulse unlock input GGIO3 Ind10 stval 50BF start input GGIO3 Ind11 stval SIL-A_Rev / 186

187 Voltage command GGIO3 Ind12 stval Continuity A GGIO3 Ind13 stval Continuity B GGIO3 Ind14 stval Start SCBC1 ColFail stval Trip Circuit Supervision SCBC1 Mod stval Oscillographic start RDRE1 RcdStr stval 52 Status CSWI1 Pos stval 52 Status Open Time CSWI1 OpOpn stval 52 Status Close Time CSWI1 OpCls stval SIL-A_Rev / 187

188 10.2 SERVICES Compact SILA disposes of the following services according IEC 61850: DATASETS A Dataset is a grouping of information from the data model of the IED: These groupings can be used by other services for the sending of information (GOOSE, RCB, BRC). The definition of Datasets has to be made in a IEC61850 s file with extension.icd (IED Capability Description) that is provided with the device. By default there are 4 Datasets, grouped according the functionality (Trips, Measures, Events and Goose): Trips, with the name of Trips and the following data objects: SIL-A_Rev / 188

189 Measures, with the name of Measures and the following data objects: Events, with the name of Events and the following data objects: SIL-A_Rev / 189

190 Goose, with the name of Goose and the following data attributes: REPORTS The Report service is used for the sending of values from elements of a Dataset to a communication client that enables the report service (Central unit of Substation, remote unit o software application). The use of Reports optimizes the communication when the information of the associated Dataset is only sent when there is a change of value, when is requested or time integrity is enabled. There are 2 kind of Reports, BRCB and URCB. BRCB have a time buffer to store reports in the case a client has disconnected or the information had lost. It is usually used for reporting events, alarms and trips. URCB have not this time buffer and it is not possible recovering lost or past reports. They are usually used for reporting of measures. Compact SILA device is pre configured with 10 URCB associated to the Measures Dataset: 10 BRCB associated to Events Dataset and another 10 to Trips Dataset: SIL-A_Rev / 190