SIA C. Self-powered overcurrent relay USER MANUAL

Transcription

1 SIA C Self-powered overcurrent relay USER MANUAL

2 1. RECEPTION, HANDLING, INSTALLATION Unpacking Reception of relays Handling electronic equipment Installation, commissioning and service Storage Recycling DIMENSIONS AND CONNECTION DIAGRAMS Case Dimensions mm of SIA-C with mechanics type A Case Dimensions mm of SIA-C with mechanics type B and C KITCOM Dimensions Striker Dimensions (in mm) TCM Dimensions Connection diagrams Connection diagram. 3 phase transformers: Power Supply and Measurement Sensitive Neutral Trip: Striker Connection diagram. 3 phase transformers: Power Supply and Measurement Sensitive Neutral Trip: Coil + TCM Connection diagram. 3 phase transformers: Power Supply and Measurement Sensitive Neutral Trip: ATC (free potential trip) Connection diagram. 3 phase transformers: Power Supply and Measurement Solid Neutral Trip: Striker Connection diagram. 3 phase transformers: Power Supply and Measurement Solid Neutral Trip: Coil + TCM Connection diagram. 3 phase transformers: Power Supply and Measurement Solid Neutral Trip: ATC (free potential trip) Connection diagram. 3 phase transformers: Power Supply 3 phase transformers: Measurement Solid Neutral Trip: Striker Connection diagram. 3 phase transformers: Power Supply 3 phase transformers: Measurement Solid Neutral Trip: Coil + TCM Connection diagram. 3 phase transformers: Power Supply 3 phase transformers: Measurement Solid Neutral Trip: ATC (Potential Free Trip) Connection diagram. 3 phase transformers: Power Supply and Measurement Sensitive Neutral Trip: Striker Connection diagram. 3 phase transformers: Power Supply and Measurement Sensitive Neutral Trip: Coil + TCM Connection diagram. 3 phase transformers: Power Supply and Measurement Sensitive Neutral Trip: ATC (Potential Free Trip) Connection diagram. 3 phase transformers: Power Supply and Measurement Solid Neutral Trip: Striker SIA-C_Rev / 113

3 Connection diagram. 3 phase transformers: Power Supply and Measurement Solid Neutral Trip: Coil + TCM Connection diagram. 3 phase transformers: Power Supply and Measurement Solid Neutral Trip: ATC (Potential Free Trip) Connection diagram. 3 phase transformers: Power Supply. 3 phase transformers: Measurement Solid Neutral Trip: Striker Connection diagram. 3 phase transformers: Power Supply. 3 phase transformers: Measurement Solid Neutral Trip: Coil + TCM Connection diagram. 3 phase transformers: Power Supply. 3 phase transformers: Measurement Solid Neutral Trip: ATC (Potential Free Trip) Terminals Physical layout of SIA-C type A terminals Physical layout of SIA-C types B and C terminals DESCRIPTION Introduction Description Functions Diagram Model list SIA-C Phase CT and neutral CT selection PROTECTION FUNCTIONS AND FEATURES Power Self Power CT-5A or CT-1 A, 0,2 x In rated in single phase Battery power 12V, with a KITCOM adaptor Vac or 110 Vac, 50/60 Hz auxiliary power Vdc auxiliary power supply Equipment starting up time. Fault trip time during starting up of the equipment Opening mechanism Striker activation Coil activation by means of a free potential contact Coil activation by means of TCM adapter Protection functions P Function. Phase instantaneous overcurrent P Function. Phase inverse time overcurrent N Function. Neutral instantaneous overcurrent N Function. Neutral inverse time overcurrent External trip SIA-C_Rev / 113

4 Trip Bus Equipment settings IEC255-4/BS142 Curves Monitoring and control Measurements Status and Events Self-diagnosis Date-time synchronisation Communication Front communication. RS Rear communication. RS Modbus RTU Protocol Signalling outputs Data diagram: inputs assignment and outputs configuration for equipments without trip bus Data diagram: inputs assignment and outputs configuration for equipments with trip bus Test program TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS AND STANDARDS Technical Specifications Standards USER INTERFACE Bistable magnetic indicators LED Indicators RS232 Communications port LCD and keypad SICom communications program Setting-up the session: Password and access levels Menus Standby mode screen Accessing the menus Date-time menu Versions Communication parameters: Test menu Functions menu Measurements menu Status menu SIA-C_Rev / 113

5 Settings menu Events menu COMMISSIONING Checklist for commissioning Inspection Electrostatic discharge Visual inspection Earthing Current transformers Auxiliary power RS232 Front communications port Commissioning PROTOCOL ModBus package format Function codes Exemptions an error answers Data type Memory map of SIA-C General Status Map Counters Map Commands Map Measures Map Protection criteria map Protection status map Events list Settings map Examples of ModBus frames Writing the access password 5555 to equipment no Reading the 4 measurements from the primary winding of equipment no Reading the protection status of equipment no APPENDIX Identification: Checks: Test menu: Register of commissioning settings: CT Ratio: P: SIA-C_Rev / 113

6 N: P: N: Trip Bus : Inputs: Outputs: Comments: SIA-C_Rev / 113

7 1. RECEPTION, HANDLING, INSTALLATION 1.1. Unpacking Relays must only be handled by qualified personnel and special care must be taken to protect all of their parts from any damage while they are being unpacked and installed. The use of good illumination is recommended to facilitate the equipment visual inspection. The facility must be clean and dry and relays should not be stored in places that are exposed to dust or humidity. Special care must be taken if construction work is taking place Reception of relays It is necessary to inspect the equipment at the time it is delivered to ensure that the relays have not been damaged during transport. If any defect is found, the transport company and FANOX should be informed immediately. If the relays are not for immediate use, they should be returned to their original packaging Handling electronic equipment Relays contain an electronic component that is sensitive to electrostatic discharges. Just by moving, a person can build up an electrostatic potential of several thousand volts. Discharging this energy into electronic components can cause serious damage to electronic circuits. It is possible that this damage may not be detected straight away, but the electronic circuit reliability and life will be reduced. This electronic component in the equipment is well protected by the metal housing, which should not be removed as the equipment cannot be adjusted internally. If it is necessary to disassemble the electronic component, this must be carried out with care and contact with electronic components, printed circuits and connections must be avoided to prevent an electrostatic discharge that could damage one of the components. If the electronic components are stored outside the metal housing, they must be placed in an antistatic conductive bag. If it is necessary to open a module, care must be taken to preserve the equipment reliability and the duration of the life cycle as designed by the manufacturer by taking the following actions: Touch the housing to ensure that you have the same potential Avoid touching the electronic components and handle the module by its edges. Remember that everyone who handles the module must have the same potential. Use a conductive bag to transport the module. For more information about how to handle electronic circuits, consult official documents such as the IEC 147-OF. SIA-C_Rev / 113

8 1.4. Installation, commissioning and service The personnel in charge of installing, commissioning and maintaining this equipment must be qualified and must be aware of the procedures for handling it. The product documentation should be read before installing, commissioning or carrying out maintenance work on the equipment. Personnel should take specific protection measures to avoid the risk of electronic discharge when access is unlocked on the rear part of the equipment. In order to guarantee safety, the crimp terminal and a suitable tool must be used to meet isolation requirements on the terminal strip. Crimped terminations must be used for the voltage and current connections. It is necessary to connect the equipment to earth through the corresponding terminal, using the shortest possible cable. As well as guaranteeing safety for the personnel, this connection allows high frequency noise to be evacuated directly to earth. The following checks must be performed before the equipment is supplied: The rated voltage and polarity. The power rating of the CT circuit and the integrity of the connections. The integrity of the earth connection. The equipment must be used within the stipulated electrical and environmental limits. Note referred to current transformer circuits: Do not open a live CT secondary circuit. The high voltage produced as a result could damage the isolation and threaten lives Storage If the relays are not going to be installed immediately, they must be stored in a dust- and humidity free environment after the visual inspection has been performed Recycling Before recycling the equipment, the capacitors should be discharged through the external terminals. All electrical power sources should be removed before performing this operation to avoid the risk of electrical discharge. This product must be disposed of in a safe way. It should not be incinerated or brought into contact with water sources like rivers, lakes, etc SIA-C_Rev / 113

9 2. DIMENSIONS AND CONNECTION DIAGRAMS 2.1. Case Dimensions mm of SIA-C with mechanics type A Front view Side view Cut-out pattern SIA-C_Rev / 113

10 2.2. Case Dimensions mm of SIA-C with mechanics type B and C Front view Lateral view Frontal section SIA-C_Rev / 113

11 2.3. KITCOM Dimensions 30 mm 40 mm 70 mm 2.4. Striker Dimensions (in mm) A 44,5 B 49,5 C 56,5 D 64,5 E 42,5 SIA-C_Rev / 113

12 2.5. TCM Dimensions SIA-C_Rev / 113

13 2.6. Connection diagrams Connection diagram. 3 phase transformers: Power Supply and Measurement Sensitive Neutral Trip: Striker Neutral Trip Supply Sensitive Neutral Striker 230Vac (depending on model) SIA-C_Rev / 113

14 Connection diagram. 3 phase transformers: Power Supply and Measurement Sensitive Neutral Trip: Coil + TCM Neutral Trip Supply Sensitive Neutral Striker + TCM 230Vac (depending on model) SIA-C_Rev / 113

15 Connection diagram. 3 phase transformers: Power Supply and Measurement Sensitive Neutral Trip: ATC (free potential trip) Neutral Trip Supply Sensitive Neutral ATC 230Vac (depending on model) SIA-C_Rev / 113

16 Connection diagram. 3 phase transformers: Power Supply and Measurement Solid Neutral Trip: Striker Neutral Trip Supply Solid neutral Striker 230Vac (depending on model) SIA-C_Rev / 113

17 Connection diagram. 3 phase transformers: Power Supply and Measurement Solid Neutral Trip: Coil + TCM Neutral Trip Supply Solid neutral TCM 230Vac (depending on model) SIA-C_Rev / 113

18 Connection diagram. 3 phase transformers: Power Supply and Measurement Solid Neutral Trip: ATC (free potential trip) Neutral Trip Supply Solid neutral ATC 230Vac (depending on model) SIA-C_Rev / 113

19 Connection diagram. 3 phase transformers: Power Supply 3 phase transformers: Measurement Solid Neutral Trip: Striker Neutral Trip Supply Solid neutral Striker 230Vac (depending on model) SIA-C_Rev / 113

20 Connection diagram. 3 phase transformers: Power Supply 3 phase transformers: Measurement Solid Neutral Trip: Coil + TCM Neutral Trip Supply Solid neutral TCM 230Vac (depending on model) SIA-C_Rev / 113

21 Connection diagram. 3 phase transformers: Power Supply 3 phase transformers: Measurement Solid Neutral Trip: ATC (Potential Free Trip) Neutral Trip Supply Solid neutral ATC 230Vac (depending on model) SIA-C_Rev / 113

22 Connection diagram. 3 phase transformers: Power Supply and Measurement Sensitive Neutral Trip: Striker Neutral Trip Supply Sensitive neutral Striker 24Vdc (depending on model) SIA-C_Rev / 113

23 Connection diagram. 3 phase transformers: Power Supply and Measurement Sensitive Neutral Trip: Coil + TCM Neutral Trip Supply Sensitive neutral TCM 24Vdc (depending on model) SIA-C_Rev / 113

24 Connection diagram. 3 phase transformers: Power Supply and Measurement Sensitive Neutral Trip: ATC (Potential Free Trip) Neutral Trip Supply Sensitive neutral ATC 24Vdc (depending on model) SIA-C_Rev / 113

25 Connection diagram. 3 phase transformers: Power Supply and Measurement Solid Neutral Trip: Striker Neutral Trip Supply Solid neutral Striker 24Vdc (depending on model) SIA-C_Rev / 113

26 Connection diagram. 3 phase transformers: Power Supply and Measurement Solid Neutral Trip: Coil + TCM Neutral Trip Supply Solid neutral TCM 24Vdc (depending on model) SIA-C_Rev / 113

27 Connection diagram. 3 phase transformers: Power Supply and Measurement Solid Neutral Trip: ATC (Potential Free Trip) Neutral Trip Supply Solid neutral ATC 24Vdc (depending on model) SIA-C_Rev / 113

28 Connection diagram. 3 phase transformers: Power Supply. 3 phase transformers: Measurement Solid Neutral Trip: Striker Neutral Trip Supply Solid neutral Striker 24Vdc (depending on model) SIA-C_Rev / 113

29 Connection diagram. 3 phase transformers: Power Supply. 3 phase transformers: Measurement Solid Neutral Trip: Coil + TCM Neutral Trip Supply Solid neutral TCM 24Vdc (depending on model) SIA-C_Rev / 113

30 Connection diagram. 3 phase transformers: Power Supply. 3 phase transformers: Measurement Solid Neutral Trip: ATC (Potential Free Trip) Neutral Trip Supply Solid neutral ATC 24Vdc (depending on model) SIA-C_Rev / 113

31 2.7. Terminals Physical layout of SIA-C type A terminals SIA-C_Rev / 113

32 Physical layout of SIA-C types B and C terminals A1 Phase A current input for measurement D1 Auxiliary Voltage - A2 Phase A current output for measurement D2 Auxiliary Voltage + A3 Phase B current input for measurement D3-D4 External trip A4 Phase B current output for measurement D5 Positive for the inputs A5 Phase C current input for measurement D6 Digital input 1 A6 Phase C current output for measurement D7 Digital input 2 A7 Neutral current input for measurement D8 Common digital input A8 Neutral current output for measurement D9 Gnd B1 Phase A current input for power supply D10 Digital output 1 NC B2 Phase A current output for power supply D11 Digital 1 common output B3 Phase B current input for power supply D12 Digital output 1 NA B4 Phase B current output for power supply D13 Digital output 2 NC B5 Phase C current input for power supply D14 Digital 2 common output SIA-C_Rev / 113

33 B6 Phase C current output for power supply D15 Digital output 2 NA D16 D17 D18 Trip output positive / ACT Potential Free Trip Trip output gnd / ACT Potential Free Trip RS485 gnd D19 RS485 B - D20 RS485 A + Earthing screw SIA-C_Rev / 113

34 3. DESCRIPTION 3.1. Introduction Worldwide, the energy sector is currently undergoing a profound change as a result of high levels of energy demand; more distribution lines and advanced supervision systems are required. Given the need for creating intelligent infrastructure, FANOX has developed the SIA family of products to carry out this function. The family of SIA relays is designed to protect the secondary transformation and distribution centres of electricity grids. Protection features include protection against instantaneous and inverse time overcurrent (for the phases and the neutral), and it also has external trip support (temperature, pressure, etc.) depending on the characteristics of each model. The protection functions can be enabled selectively by using both the front panel and the communications links to the SIcom program, allowing for precise coordination with other equipment. One of the most significant features of the SIA-C is that it eliminates the need for maintenance, as it uses the operating current to power itself. Additional benefits include that all of the models have been designed to be supplied from an external battery. This is aimed at facilitating event management and the commissioning of centres, as well as allowing it to operate properly under adverse conditions Description The SIA-C equipment is a protection relay designed for secondary distribution. One of its main characteristics is the ability to power itself by using the cell current. Standard 5A or 1A secondary current transformers are used for this, which allow self power with lower levels of current. The equipment is operative with 0.2 times the secondary rated singlephase current; in other words, the equipment powers itself with 1 A of single-phase current with the SIAC5* models, and the equipment powers itself with 200 ma of single-phase current with the SIAC1* models. The equipment is maintenance free when this type of power supply is used, as it does not require auxiliary power components (batteries). As a result, it is especially useful in any centres were auxiliary power is not available or cannot be guaranteed. As well as using the current to power itself, it can also be powered from a 12V battery and an auxiliary power source (optional, can be selected for each model). It has phase and neutral overcurrent protection functions. As an option, which can be selected for each model, it can be fitted with a direct trip input, normally connected to a bimetallic contact which is activated by excess heat and is fitted to the power transformer. This serves as a backup to the overcurrent functions. The SIA-C equipment comes in a metal box with galvanic isolation on all of its measurement, trip or power supply inputs and outputs (with the exception of ports for SIA-C_Rev / 113

35 communications and the battery power supply, as these are sporadic connections). This allows the equipment to have the best possible level of electromagnetic compatibility, both in terms of emission of, and immunity from, radiated and conducted interference. These levels are the same as those established for primary substations. The equipment has an LCD with two lines and twenty columns and a membrane keyboard with six buttons. These allow the equipment status, the current measurements in the primary winding and the events or incidents associated with the equipment to be seen, and adjustments to be made to the protection criteria. Depending on the model, these events can be saved in a non-volatile memory to keep them when there is no power. There are three bistable magnetic indicators on the front of the SIA-C equipment. These indicate the causes of trips, and continue to give a signal even if the relay loses power. It is also fitted with three LED indicators, which blink to show the type of power that is being used at any time. As regards signalling, there are three possibilities to choose from when the model is selected: Without inputs or outputs Signalling (2 outputs) Trip bus (2 inputs and 2 outputs) The equipment has storage for up to 500 events, allowing any registered incidents to be analysed. RTC (Real Time Clock) is available for all SIA-C models. Current measurements are performed using RMS values, with an accuracy of 2% on a band of ±20% over the nominal current and 5% over the rest of the range. The equipment has two communication ports: a front port (RS232) and an optional rear port (RS485). The RS232 port allows a PC to be connected, which can be used to monitor the equipment using the SICom communications program (supplied by FANOX). A 12V battery can also be used to power the equipment through this front port by using the adapter (KITCOM). The rear port RS485 allows the equipment to be integrated as part of a system (SCADA). The Modbus RTU protocol is used in both ports. Setting-up a session allows four levels of access to be set up with passwords that can be configured by the user. The protective functions provided, easy-to-use interface, low amount of maintenance and simple integration make the SIA-C a precise and practical solution for protecting both industrial and public electrical grids and transformation and distribution centres. It even provides these protective functions in situations where auxiliary power sources are not available or not reliable. The protection offered by the SIA-C against earth faults is sensitive enough to be used in electric systems where the earth fault current is low. It can be set to 0.1 times the rated neutral current and, depending on the model, the rated neutral current can go as low as 0.1 A. Due to the installation cubicle space of SIA-C equipments, two different mechanics have been developed for the same equipments. Mechanics A was originally developed with cubic size and mechanics type B and C have been currently designed. In these last mechanics the flatness takes precedence, being the depth of the equipment from the front to the border of the terminals 101,25 mm. Mechanics type B and C are exactly the same in terms of external dimensions. Mechanics type B introduces one magnetic indicator and mechanics type C introduces three magnetic indicators. SIA-C_Rev / 113

36 The main features of the equipment are listed below, and these features will be explained in the rest of the manual: Function Description SIA-C Protection 50P Phase instantaneous overcurrent protection function 1 50N Neutral instantaneous overcurrent protection function 1 51P Phase inverse time overcurrent protection function 1 51N Neutral inverse time overcurrent protection function 1 External trip Overtemperature protection Optional 68 Trip Bus Optional Measurements Phase and neutral RMS measurement with 2% accuracy on a band of ±20% over the nominal current and 5% over the rest of the range. Inputs and Outputs External trip input Optional Trip output Signalling output 24 Vdc mj Potential free (optional) Optional Communication and HMI Front port: RS232 (ModBus RTU, 19200) Rear port: RS485 (ModBus RTU, 19200) SICom Program Optional Setting-up the session: 4 access levels with configurable passwords Control and signalling HMI: LCD, 20x2 and 6 keys + 1 reset button Bistable magnetic indicators Up to 3 LED Indicators Up to 3 Signalling outputs (2 outputs) Trip bus (2 inputs and 2 outputs) Optional Optional Power SIA-C_Rev / 113

37 Self powered with CT /5 or /1 (9.2xIn single phase) Auxiliary power: 230 Vac, 50/60 Hz Optional Function Description SIA-C Power Auxiliary power: 110 Vac, 50/60 Hz Auxiliary power: 24 Vdc Battery power: 12V with an RS232 adapter Optional Optional Monitoring and Records Events saved in the volatile RAM* memory Events saved in the non-volatile FRAM* memory Real-Time Clock (RTC) Test menu Self-diagnosis Optional Optional * Events stored in the RAM are deleted in the case of an electrical power fault. Events registered in the FRAM are maintained when there is a power fault, as it is a non-volatile memory. A maximum of 500 events can be stored. SIA-C_Rev / 113

38 3.3. Functions Diagram SIA-C_Rev / 113

39 TYPE PHASE NOMINAL CURRENT NEUTRAL NOMINAL CURRENT NET FREQUENCY POWER SUPPLY EXTRA FUNCTIONS COMMUNICATIONS INPUTS / OUTPUTS PROCESSOR AND MEMORY LANGUAGE MECHANICS ISO 9001: Model list SIA-C C 50P+51P+50N+51N 1 5 1A 5A A 5 A Hz 60Hz Vdc + self-power 12Vdc + self-power Vac 12Vdc + self-power Vac 12Vdc + self-power + 24 Vdc With striker trip and without direct trip (tº) With striker trip and with direct trip (tº) With potential-free trip and without direct trip(tº) With potential-free trip and with direct trip (tº) 0 1 ModBus Local.(RS232) ModBus Local (RS232) and Scada (RS485) Without inputs/outputs Signalling Trip bus (ANSI 68) Without non-volatile RAM memory With non-volatile RAM memory With non-volatile RAM memory and fast startup A B C English, Spanish and French English, Spanish, French and Turkish English, Spanish, French and Polish A B C Vertical assembly Horizontal assembly with 1 bistable flag Horizontal assembly with 3 bistable flags SIA-C_Rev / 113

40 3.5. Phase CT and neutral CT selection The following table shows a summary of phase and neutral CT combinations: Model Phase Neutral Phase range Neutral range SIAC55 CT 5 A Residual phase connection A A SIAC11 CT 1 A Residual phase connection 0,2-30 A 0,2-30 A SIAC51 CT 5 A CT 1 A A 0,2-30 A SIAC5A CT 5 A CT 0,1 A A 0,02-3 A SIAC1A CT 1 A CT 0,1 A 0,2-30 A 0,02-3 A SIAC5B CT 5 A CT 0,2 A A 0,04-6 A SIAC1B CT 1 A CT 0,2 A 0,2-30 A 0,04-6 A SIA-C_Rev / 113

41 4. PROTECTION FUNCTIONS AND FEATURES 4.1. Power The SIA-C equipment is designed to be self-powered using the cell current. It can also be powered by a 12V battery and, optionally (which can be selected for each model) by an auxiliary power source Self Power: CT-5A or CT-1 A, 0,2 x In rated in single phase The SIA-C powers itself from the operating current through current transformers that are connected to the line. Standard 5 A or 1 A secondary current transformers are used for this purpose. Self power is achieved with very low levels of current: a minimum of 0.2 times the rated single phase current, and this value is reduced to one half of the threephase current. In other words, the SIA-C equipment rated at 5 A current powers itself with 1 A of single phase current, and the SIA-C rated at 1 A of current powers itself with 200 ma of single phase current. These CTs do not need a large number of VAs, because SIA-C self-regulates the charge of its self-power over the CT. Therefore, for low current levels, SIA-C is a charge which is continuously reduced when the current increases, avoiding the CT saturation. The equipment is maintenance free when this type of power supply is used, as it does not require auxiliary power components (batteries). As a result, it is especially useful in any centres where auxiliary power is not available or cannot be guaranteed, and the facilities require protection with low levels of current. There is a self-power transformer per each phase (3 self-power transformers), separating current circuits completely. As a first idea, it could be possible using only two power supply transformers but this possibility entails a disadvantage in case of single-phase faults; because the transformer associated to the circuit which is not in fault at this moment, would cause a rise of the level of self-power Battery power: 12V, with a KITCOM adaptor The external 12 V battery is connected to the equipment through an adapter that is plugged into the front communications port (KITCOM). It is useful for cases like commissioning operations, discharges and repairs to the transformation centre, as these are situations when there is no auxiliary voltage or current in the line and they normally cause more events, grounding, forgotten tools, bad terminations, etc. Battery power guarantees the full operation of the equipment, including the trip. The possibility of using external battery power, together with the possibility of activating the trip contact from the test menu, allows the trip circuit to be tested before the transformation centre is powered up. Using battery power does not block the RS232 communications port, as it can be used simultaneously. When the equipment is being powered from a 12 V battery, it is capable of functioning for 4 hours. SIA-C_Rev / 113

42 Vac or 110 Vac, 50/60 Hz auxiliary power The 230 Vac or 110 Vac auxiliary powers are taken from the transformation centre secondary voltage. If this option is required, this needs to be selected in the list of models. It is normal for transformation substations to have auxiliary voltage. This voltage is not guaranteed, because a short-circuit may cause this auxiliary voltage loss. However, the complete auxiliary voltage loss is produced in primary faults between phases, which are very unlikely and generate a lot of current. In other words, for faults with low contribution of current, altern auxiliary voltage keeps its level by supplying the equipment and for faults with auxiliary voltage sag and high contribution of current, equipment self-power keeps it operative. The continuous operation of SIA-C is guaranteed with the levels of self-power (0,2 x Inominal single phase and 0,1 x Inominal three phase) and the auxiliary power supply 230Vac/110Vac Vdc auxiliary power supply The 24 Vdc auxiliary power is taken from the transformation centre RTU power supply. SIA-C consumes approximately 200 mw in normal operation and 300 mw if SCADA communication is active. The consumption is so reduced that it practically does not charge the transformation substation battery of 24Vdc, being able to supply from it, with a total guarantee and without being a loss of functionality with communications equipments because it will extract 20 ma/hour. Therefore, the equipment can be powered all the time, allowing it to be continually monitored (status, measurements of transformation centre current, events, ). The equipment is totally operational at this power and if a fault occurs, the trip time matches the time setting. In a situation where the centre is deenergized, if this is energized and a fault induced with the instantaneous function set at 20 ms, the trip time will be 20 ms Equipment starting up time. Fault trip time during starting up of the equipment. SIA-C is an electronic equipment, which provides a starting up time (time from equipment activation to operational capacity). Logically, it is a desirable to have a minimum time for the starting up the equipment. Depending on cases, it is a desirable to assess the necessity of a fast tripping time during the start of the equipment. For example, if the installation provides short-circuit fuses, it makes no sense a protection capable of tripping in extremely short times. In installations with guaranteed auxiliary voltage, the equipment gets the energy for the trip in a very short time. It also depends on the type of striker which will be used: there are strikers which need less energy for their activation. The most critical case is produced when there is self-power (without auxiliary voltage nor battery) and low current faults. In order to reduce to the maximum the SIA-C tripping time when there is a fault during the energization of the equipment, the model SIACXXXXXXX2XX has developed (with nonvolatile RAM memory and fast startup). To sum up, there are a lot of factors which influence on the starting up time: self power, auxiliary voltage, tripping time Next, we provide the trip curves for the specified conditions: SIA-C_Rev / 113

43 Fast startup time Single phase self power (model SIAC1) Polarized trip (over striker of 24 Vdc 576 mj of energy) Without auxiliary voltage nor battery Phase current (x Inominal) Time (ms) 0, , Normal startup time Single phase self power (model SIAC1) Polarized trip (over striker of 24 Vdc 576 mj of energy) Without auxiliary voltage nor battery Phase current (x Inominal) Time (ms) 0, , SIA-C_Rev / 113

44 Fast startup time Three phase self power (model SIAC1) Polarized trip (over striker of 24 Vdc 576 mj of energy) Without auxiliary voltage nor battery Phase current (x Inominal) Time (ms) 0, , Normal startup time Three phase self power (model SIAC1) Polarized trip (over striker of 24 Vdc 576 mj of energy) Without auxiliary voltage nor battery Phase current (x Inominal) Time (ms) 0, , SIA-C_Rev / 113

45 Fast startup time Single phase self power (model SIAC5) Polarized trip (over striker of 24 Vdc 576 mj of energy) Without auxiliary voltage nor battery ,5 1 1,5 2 2,5 Phase current (x Inominal) Time (ms) 0, , , Normal startup time Single phase self power (model SIAC5) Polarized trip (over striker of 24 Vdc 576 mj of energy) Without auxiliary voltage nor battery ,5 1 1,5 2 2,5 Phase current (x Inominal) Time (ms) 0, , , SIA-C_Rev / 113

46 Fast startup time Three phase self power (model SIAC5) Polarized trip (over striker of 24 Vdc 576 mj of energy) Without auxiliary voltage nor battery Phase current (x Inominal) Time (ms) 0, , , ,5 1 1,5 2 2,5 Normal startup time Three phase self power (model SIAC5) Polarized trip (over striker of 24 Vdc 576 mj of energy) Without auxiliary voltage nor battery 300 Phase current (x Inominal) Time (ms) , , , ,5 1 1,5 2 2,5 SIA-C_Rev / 113

47 4.3. Opening mechanism The type of trip is selected by model: SIACXXXX0XXXXX and SIACXXXX1XXXXX are provided with a polarized trip and models SIACXXXX2XXXXX and SIACXXXX3XXXXX are provided with a simple trip: Polarized. The trip is associated to a striker. There are a lot of models of strikers in the market, with different trip energies, being the minimum 50 mj and operation voltage of 8V, up to 100 mj and operation voltage of 24V. Simple. The equipment closes a free potential contact and there is an external element which accumulates the trip energy, in capacitors or batteries. (Not used for relay power supply, only for the trip). The opening mechanism is activated by means of a striker or a coil. The activation of the trip generates a pulse train. The equipment SIA-C solves the next situations during the activation of the opening mechanism: Striker activation Coil activation by means of a free potential contact Coil activation by means of the TCM adapter Striker activation It requires the use of SIA-C models with trip output for striker (SIACXXXX0XXXXX and SIACXXXX1XXXXX). The activation of the SIA-C trip output means that a capacitor has discharged on the output terminals. This discharge of energy is sufficient to activate a striker that mechanically acts on a mechanism to open the current circuit. The striker is connected directly to the SIA-C output, which supplies sufficient power to activate it (24 Vdc 576mJ). The striker is a bistable device with a simple action. The striker shaft is moved by a spring. The striker is activated by a polarised low-power electrical signal, supplied by the relay if a fault occurs. Resetting the shaft to its position is done manually. Resetting the striker has to be done in such a way as to guarantee that the opening mechanism is closed. This is normally done manually. As an example, the characteristics of the striker on the image are next: Travel:...8mm Strength of the spring: Start of travel:...37 N End of travel:...18 N Response time:... 4 ms Level of protection:... IP-40 Due to the existing variety in the market, it is important to check the voltage and the necessary energy for its activation. If you have any doubt, please contact with us. SIA-C_Rev / 113

48 Coil activation by means of a free potential contact SIACXXXX2XXXXX and SIACXXXX3XXXXX models are provided with a free potential contact like the trip output. Characteristics of output relay are next: 250Vac 8A / 30Vdc 8A Coil activation by means of TCM adapter This equipment is connected to the relay trip output and supplies the energy that is necessary to energise coilactivated opening mechanisms. TCM adapter is combined with SIA-C models that are provided with striker trip output. (Models SIACXXXX0XXXXX and SIACXXXX1XXXXX). It takes its charge from the transformation centre 230 Vac / 110 Vac voltage (depending on model), and it can operate as a stand alone for up to three days in case of power fault. On the connection diagrams suggested on this Manual, there are several examples of trip by using TCM Protection functions P Function. Phase instantaneous overcurrent This protection function can be set by using three parameters: Function Description Minimum Maximum Step Unit Default 50P Phase instantaneous overcurrent Permission - - Yes/No - No Tap 0,10 30,00 0,01 I nominal 5,00 Operating time 0,02 300,0 0,01 S 0,02 The operating time is independent from the operating current flowing through the equipment, so if the phase current exceeds its predetermined value for an equal or greater amount of time than this preset value, the protection function activates (trips) and does not reset itself until the value of the phase drops below the point of current pick-up. The function activates at 100% of the preset input, and deactivates at 95%. The reset is instantaneous. The accuracy of the operating time is equal to the preset time plus a maximum of 30 ms. SIA-C_Rev / 113

49 P Function. Phase inverse time overcurrent This protection function can be set by using five parameters: Function Description Minimum Maximum Step Unit Default 51P Phase inverse time overcurrent Permission - - Yes/No - No Curve - - (1*) - Extremely Inverse Dial 0,05 1,25 0,01-1,25 Tap 0,10 7,00 0,01 I nominal 1,00 Operating time 0,02 300,0 0,01 s 0,02 (1*) Inverse, Very inverse, Extremely inverse, Defined time If the option "Defined time" is selected for the curve setting, the unit behaves like an instantaneous overcurrent unit. In this case, the unit operating time is set by the parameter "Operating time". If a curve (inverse, very inverse or extremely inverse) is selected for the curve setting, the operating time depends on the curve, dial and tap settings. If the unit operates with defined time, the function is activated at 100% of the set tap value, and it deactivates at 95%. If the unit operates with a curve, the function is activated at 120% of the set pick-up value, and it deactivates at 100%. The reset is instantaneous in both cases. The activation time is accurate to ±5% or ±30ms, whichever is greater, of the theoretical activation time. The curves used are IEC255-4/BS-142, which are described in the "Curves" section N Function. Neutral instantaneous overcurrent. This protection function can be set by using three parameters: Function Description Minimum Maximum Step Unit Default 50N Neutral instantaneous overcurrent Permission - - Yes/No - No Tap 0,10 30,00 0,01 Inominal 1,00 Operating time 0,02 300,0 0,01 s 0,02 The operating time is completely independent from the operating current that flows through the equipment, so if the neutral current exceeds its predetermined value for an equal or greater amount of time than this preset value, the protection function activates (trips) and does not reset itself until the value of the neutral drops below the point of current pick-up. The function activates at 100% of the preset input, and deactivates at 95%. The reset is instantaneous. SIA-C_Rev / 113

50 The accuracy of the operation time is equal to the preset time plus a maximum of 30 ms N Function. Neutral inverse time overcurrent. This protection function can be set by using the following parameters: Function Description Minimum Maximum Step Unit Default 51N Neutral inverse time overcurrent Permission - - Yes/No - No Curve - - (1*) - Extremely Inverse Dial 0,05 1,25 0,01-1,25 Tap 0,10 7,00 0,01 I nominal 0,50 Operating time 0,02 300,0 0,01 s 0,02 (1*) Inverse, Very inverse, Extremely inverse, Defined time If the option "Defined time" is selected for the curve setting, the unit behaves like an instantaneous overcurrent unit. In this case, the unit operating time is adjusted by using the parameter "Operating time". If a curve (inverse, very inverse or extremely inverse) is selected for the curve setting, the operating time depends on the curve, dial and pick-up settings. If the unit operates as defined time, the function is activated at 100% of the set pick-up value, and it deactivates at 95%. If the unit operates with a curve, the function is activated at 120% of the set pick-up value, and it deactivates at 100%. The reset is instantaneous in both cases. The activation time is accurate to ±5% or ±30ms, whichever is higher, of the theoretical activation time. The curves used are IEC255-4/BS-142, which are described in the "Curves" section External trip The equipment has a direct trip input, normally connected to a bimetallic contact fitted to the power transformer. This serves as a backup to the overcurrent functions. The input is operative from 0,3 times the single phase secondary nominal current. It allows the connection of a bimetallic free potential contact. When this contact closes, it activates the input. This input is especially protected against magnetic noise Trip Bus Optionally, (selectable by model), SIA-C equipment is provide with two outputs and two inputs which can be used for implementing a trip bus. SIA-C_Rev / 113

51 phase blocking input ground blocking input SIA-C supply phase pickup phase pickup ground pickup SIA-C feeder a ground pickup SIA-C feeder b It consists on implementing a trip bus using SIA-C relays. As you can see on the picture, there are two relays with feeder functionality and one relay with supply functionality. Relays with feeder functionality active the output 1 when detect the startup of function 50P or 51P and active the output 2 when detect the startup of function 50N or 51N. Relays with supply functionality, block the trip of functions 50P and 51P when detect the activation of input 1 and block the trip of functions 50N and 51N when detect the activation of input 2. The physical connection which is needed to perform is next: outputs 1 of feeder equipments must be connected to the input 1 of the supply equipment and outputs 2 of feeder equipments must be connected to the input 2 of the supply equipment. Each one of the functions involved in trip bus (50P, 51P, 50N and 51N) has an associated permission. If the associated permission is not enabled on feeder equipment, the starting up of the function do not active the corresponding output. If the associated permission is not enabled in the supply equipment, the activation of corresponding input will not block the trip of the function. Neutral and phase block signalling times are used for feeder application. When these times are adjusted to zero, the feeder signalling outputs activate and deactivate themselves following the startup state of the corresponding functions. When the phase block signalling time is adjusted to a value different from zero, once activated the startup of function 50P or 51P, output 1 keeps itself activated during this time. When the neutral block signalling time is adjusted to a value different from zero, once activated the startup of function 50N or 51N, the output 2 keeps itself activated during this time. The objective is not keeping blocked the supply relay indefinitely when the feeder relay fails in solving a fault. In this case, the typical setting value for this time is the trip time adjusted in the feeder plus the opening failure time. Phase and neutral block times are used for supply application. When these times are adjusted to zero, functions trip block and unblock are produced with the activation and deactivation of corresponding inputs. When the phase block time is adjusted to a value different from zero, once activated the input 1, the block of functions 50P and 51P keeps itself activated during this time. When the neutral block time is adjusted to a value different from zero, once activated the input 2, the block of functions 50N and 51N keeps itself activated. SIA-C_Rev / 113

52 The objective is not keeping blocked the associated functions indefinitely when the input of supply equipment keeps itself activated. In this case, the typical setting value for these times is the feeder trip time plus two times the opening failure time of the feeder. The settings associated to trip bus are the next: Function Description Minimum Maximum Pass Unit Default TRIP BUS Trip Bus Application - - (1*) - Not activated Trip Bus 50P - - Yes/No - Yes Trip Bus 51P - - Yes/No - Yes Trip Bus 50N - - Yes/No - Yes Trip Bus 51N - - Yes/No - Yes Phase BlockingTime ,01 s Neutral Blocking Time ,01 s Phase Blocking Signalling Time ,01 s Neutral Blocking Signalling Time ,01 s (1*) Not activated, Feeder, Supply, Feeder and Supply The states associated to the trip bus are the next: Group State Cause Associated Measurement TRIP BUS 50P Block Activation/Deactivation - 51P Block Activation/Deactivation - 50N Block Activation/Deactivation - 51N Block Activation/Deactivation - 50P block signalling Activation/Deactivation - 51P block signalling Activation/Deactivation - 50N block signalling Activation/Deactivation - 51N block signalling Activation/Deactivation - SIA-C_Rev / 113

53 Equipment settings The SIA-C settings are listed below with their description, maximums, minimums, units and the values for the factory settings. Group Description Minimum Maximum Step Unit Default 50P Phase instantaneous overcurrent Permission - - Yes/No - No Tap 0,10 30,00 0,01 I nominal 5,00 Operating time 0,02 300,0 0,01 s 0,02 51P Phase inverse time overcurrent Permission - - Yes/No - No Curve - - (1*) - Extremely Inverse Dial 0,05 1,25 0,01-1,25 Tap 0,10 7,00 0,01 I nominal 1,00 Operating time 0,02 300,0 0,01 s 0,02 50N Neutral instantaneous overcurrent Permission - - Yes/No - No Tap 0,10 30,00 0,01 I nominal 1,00 Operating time 0,02 300,0 0,01 s 0,02 51N Neutral inverse time overcurrent Permission - - Yes/No - No Curve - - (1*) - Extremely Inverse Dial 0,05 1,25 0,01-1,25 Tap 0,10 7,00 0,01 I nominal 0,50 Operating time 0,02 300,0 0,01 s 0,02 Trip Bus Application - - (2*) - Not activated Trip Bus 50P - - Yes/No - Yes Trip Bus 51P - - Yes/No - Yes Trip Bus 50N - - Yes/No - Yes Trip Bus 51N - - Yes/No - Yes Phase Block Time ,01 s 0 SIA-C_Rev / 113

54 Neutral Block Time ,01 s 0 Phase Block signalling time Neutral Block signalling time ,01 s ,01 s 0 General Equipment identifier enter your text TI phase ratio TI neutral ratio Frequency /50 Hz 50 Language ENGLISH (1*) Inverse, Very inverse, Extremely inverse, Defined time (2*) Not activated, Feeder, Supply, Feeder and Supply The equipment identifier setting can only be set through communications. The frequency setting is read only. The equipment frequency is selected from the list of models. The rest of the settings can be changed either from the HMI or through communications. Every setting change involves the reset of the functions, activated or not. SIA-C_Rev / 113

55 IEC255-4/BS142 Curves The SIA-C relay complies with the curves shown in standard IEC255-4/BS-142: Inverse Curve Very Inverse Curve Extremely Inverse Curve There is a general mathematical equation that defines the time in seconds as a function of the current: A D t B D K P V Q V I I adjusted Parameters A P Q B K Ext. Inverse Very Inverse 13, Inverse 0,14 0, The curve can be displaced on the axis using the time dial, D, which can be adjusted by the user. V is Times Tap I adjusted is the initial operating current, set by the user. SIA-C_Rev / 113

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59 4.5. Monitoring and control Measurements Measurements of the three-phase currents and the neutral current are given in RMS. A sampling of 16 samples/cycle is performed. The accuracy of the measurement is ±2% on a band of ±20% over the nominal current and 5% over the rest of the measurement range. Below are shown the phase and neutral ranges of the SIA-C models: Model Phase range Neutral range I rated phase I rated neutral SIAC5* A * 5 A * SIAC1* 0,2-30 A * 1 A * SIAC*5 * A * 5 A SIAC*1 * 0,2-30 A * 1 A SIAC*A * 0,02-3 A * 0,1 A SIAC*B * 0,04-6 A * 0,2 A A transformer with a suitable current must be used to ensure correct operation. It must have the following electrical characteristics: 5 VA 5P10 or 5VA 10P10, 1 A or 5 A secondary. Frequency Thermal resistance 50 Hz or 60 Hz rated. ± 3 Hz Twice the continuous rated current Status and Events The status is given by real-time information generated by the equipment. Some statuses have an event associate with them, which is a register of a change made to the status. There are statuses that have an activation event associated with them, and other statuses have two associated events: activation and reset. These events are registered in a circular memory (buffer) with a capacity for up to 500 events. The memory timestamp is accurate to 1 millisecond. On the models list can be found the following options related to events: Without non-volatile RAM memory With FRAM non-volatile memory With FRAM non-volatile memory and RTC With the option "Without Memory", the equipment has events, but these events are lost in the case of power failure. With the option "With non-volatile FRAM memory", both the events and the time are conserved even if the equipment is not powered. The events can be browsed from the HMI or by using communications. Reading the events does not mean that they get deleted; they remain stored on the equipment. To delete the events using the HMI, you have to go to the events menu and press and hold the "RESET" key until the number of events reads 1, and this event is registered as "Events deleted". To delete the events using communications, use the corresponding "delete events" command. SIA-C_Rev / 113

60 Events have the following structure: Identify Value Unique event identifier: e.g.: 51_1.4 = 51P START ON(Activated) /OFF(Deactivated): an event is generated for activations and deactivations Year Month Day Time Minutes Seconds Milliseconds The following list shows all of the statuses of the equipment and their associated events: Group Status Cause Associated Event Phase inverse time overcurrent 51P 51P Phase A pick-up Activation/Deactivation Phase A current 51P Phase B pick-up Activation/Deactivation Phase B current 51P Phase C pick-up Activation/Deactivation Phase C current 51P Pick-up Activation/Deactivation - 51P A Trip Activation/Deactivation Phase A current 51P B Trip Activation/Deactivation Phase B current 51P C Trip Activation/Deactivation Phase C current 51P Trip Activation/Deactivation - Instantaneous phase overcurrent 50P 50P Phase A pick-up Activation/Deactivation Phase A current 50P Phase B pick-up Activation/Deactivation Phase B current 50P Phase C pick-up t Activation/Deactivation Phase C current 50P Pick-up Activation/Deactivation - 50P A Trip Activation/Deactivation Phase A current 50P B Trip Activation/Deactivation Phase B current 50P C Trip Activation/Deactivation Phase C current 50P Trip Activation/Deactivation - SIA-C_Rev / 113

61 Neutral inverse time overcurrent 51N 51N Pick-up Activation/Deactivation Neutral current 51N Trip Activation/Deactivation Neutral current Instantaneous neutral overcurrent 50N 50N Pick-up Activation/Deactivation Neutral current 50N Trip Activation/Deactivation Neutral current General Trip Activation/Deactivation The maximum phase current between the activation of the trip and the deactivation of the event. External trip Activation/Deactivation - Trip circuit error Activation/Deactivation - Measurement error Activation/Deactivation - Protection error Activation/Deactivation - Change of settings Activation/Deactivation - Date-time adjustment Activation/Deactivation - Local communication Activation/Deactivation - Eeprom by default Activation/Deactivation - Eeprom Error Activation/Deactivation - Eeprom change Activation/Deactivation - Events error Activation/Deactivation - Auxiliary power Activation/Deactivation - Self power Activation/Deactivation - Battery power Activation/Deactivation - Equipment start Activation/Deactivation - Outputs Output 1 Activation/Deactivation - Output 2 Activation/Deactivation - Group Status Cause Associated Event Local communication Local communication - - HMI Activity SIA-C_Rev / 113

62 A brief description of the general statuses is given below: Trip: The equipment has tripped. External trip: A trip has been caused by the activation of the external trip input. Trip Circuit Error: The self-diagnosis algorithms have detected a problem with the trip output voltage. Measurement error: The self-diagnosis algorithms have detected a problem in the measurement block. Protection error: The self-diagnosis algorithms have detected a problem in the protection block. Setting change: This activates when the settings are changed. Date-time set: This activates when the date-time are synchronised. Communication in local: this is the sum of the "MMI activity" and "Local communication" bits from the "Local communication" status group Eeprom by default: the equipment is set to default settings and does not execute the trip. Eeprom Error: The self-diagnosis algorithms have detected a problem in the eeprom memory, which contains the settings. Eeprom change: this activates when the settings or configuration (user passwords) are changed. Events error: Selfdiagnostic algorithms have detected an error on a stored event. This bit is reset by deleting the events (from the HMI or by using communications). MMI activity: this state is active if any key has been pressed in the last 15 minutes. Local communication: this status becomes active if communications are detected in the front RS232 port Self-diagnosis Diagnostic algorithms are run while the equipment is being started up and continuously when the relay is operating. This diagnostic is a preventative process to guarantee that the equipment is in good operational condition. As general considerations we can establish: Communications among the different processors are confirmed by corresponding integrity checks. In case of having continued anomalies, the equipment would reset. Information data which is considered setting parameters is confirmed by the corresponding checks. In this way, all the setting tables are doubled and the relay is able to work with one broken table but not two. There is a mechanism of WatchDog, among the different main CPU s. The loss of activity for any of them would mean the equipment reset, remaining as an event in the memory. The following status bits are associated with this process: Trip circuit error Measurement error Protection error Eeprom error Events error Problem in the trip circuit Problem in the measurement block Problem in the protection block Problem in the eeprom memory, default settings Problem in the events record On the other hand, Settings by default indicates that the relay is working with the settings programmed in factory, being all the protection functions disabled. SIA-C_Rev / 113

63 Date-time synchronisation All models of relay SIA-C are provided with a real time clock (RTC), which can be synchronized by HMI or by communications. RTC keeps the data updated during at least 72 hours without power supply. Charge time for the capacitor is 10 minutes. This clock can be synchronized by two ways: By HMI: in this case, it is allowed to register the date and the time by using the keys on the front panel. The relay will save a new event indicating the synchronization. Protocol. The behaviour is similar to HMI, the relay synchronizes date and time and saves a new synchronization event Communication The SIA-C relay can communicate with a local computer through its front RS232 port, or through a remote SCADA system through the rear RS485 port. The rear RS485 port is optional and must be specified on the list of models. Ports RS232 and RS485 are switched. The RS232 port has preference. Once the relay starts, it is commuted to remote communications (RS485) whereas any HMI key was not pressed or any local communication was established (RS232) Front communication. RS232 The RS232 communications port is installed on the front of the equipment. The connector that is used is a DB-9 female DCE. The protocol that is used is Modbus RTU ( bit no parity 1 stop bit). The protocol map and documentation that are used are attached in an appendix to this manual. SIA-C_Rev / 113

64 The adapter (KITCOM) can be connected to this communications port to supply the equipment with an external battery. It should be pointed out that this port can be used simultaneously for communication, even when the equipment is being powered by an external battery. The PC earth should be connected to the same earth as the relay to avoid communication problems Rear communication. RS485 An option exists to fit the SIA-C with a rear communications port RS485, which must be specified when the model is selected. The RS485 port output has three terminals (+,- and GND), located on the rear of the equipment. The protocol that is used is Modbus RTU ( bit no parity 1 stop bit). The protocol map and documentation that are used are attached in an appendix to this manual. This port can be used to continuously monitor the equipment from a remote PC or SCADA system. Up to 32 pieces of equipment can be connected to one bus; each piece with a different Modbus address. The equipment Modbus address can be configured using the SIcom program. To minimise communication errors as a result of noise, the use of a stranded and shielded cable is recommended for the physical connection. All of the + terminals on one side, and all of the - terminals on the other must be connected together in order to make the connection. If a 3 strand cable is used for communication, the GND terminals must be connected to the earth cable. If a 2 strand cable is used for communication, the GND terminals must be connected to the shielding. The shielding must be connected to the GND at only one point to avoid circular currents. Resistors should be used at each end if very long cables are used. The best solution for avoiding reflection is to install resistors at both ends of the cable. The ohm value of these resistors must be equal to the cable impedance value. Fibre optics can be used in very aggressive environments, and they are connected by using the corresponding converters. Connection diagram for a RS485 bus: SIA-E SIA-E SIA-E + - gnd + - gnd + - gnd C R R C + - gnd RS485/RS232 RS232 SIA-C_Rev / 113

65 Modbus RTU Protocol The protocol documentation and the Modbus memory map are shown in the appendix to this manual Signalling outputs Optionally (to be selected for each model), the SIA-C equipment has two signalling outputs: output 1 activates when a phase trip or an external trip occurs output 2 activates when a neutral trip occurs SIA-C_Rev / 113

66 Data diagram: inputs assignment and outputs configuration for equipments without trip bus Output 2 States 50N: Trip States 51N: Trip Ferranti 50/51N D7 Input 2 Input block 50N D6 Input 1 States 50P: Trip States GNRAL: Trip Output Trip Input block 50P States 51P: Trip Ferranti 50/51P Output 1 D8 D3 States GENERAL: External trip Ferranti external trip D4 States 50P States 50N 50P Phase A pickup Phase A trip 50N Ground pickup Phase B pickup Phase B trip Ground trip Phase C pickup Phase C trip Phase pickup Phase trip States 51P States 51N 51P Phase A pickup Phase A trip 51N Ground pickup Phase B pickup Phase B trip Ground trip Phase C pickup Phase C trip Phase pickup Phase trip States GNRAL States LOCAL Trip Set date/time Local COM External trip Telecontrol NO MMI Activity 50 Hz Factory settings Command select Trip block Eeprom error Open breaker Measure error Eeprom changed Close breaker Ready Ev ent error Protection error Settings change Data diagram: inputs assignment and outputs configuration for equipments with trip bus signalblock_50p signalblock_51p Output 1 signalblock_50n signalblock_51n Output 2 D7 Input 1 D6 Input 2 States 50P: Trip Ferranti 50/51P States 51P: Trip Output trip D8 States 50N: Trip Ferranti 50/51N States 51N: Trip D3 States GENERAL: External trip Ferranti external trip D4 States 50P States 50N Trip bus 50P Phase A pickup Phase B pickup Phase A trip Phase B trip 50N Ground pickup Ground trip 50P signalblock 50P signalblock 51P Block 50P Block 51P Phase C pickup Phase C trip signalblock 50N Block 50N Phase pickup Phase trip signalblock 51N Block 51N States 51P States 51N 51P Phase A pickup Phase B pickup Phase A trip Phase B trip 51N Ground pickup Ground trip Phase C pickup Phase C trip Phase pickup Phase trip States GNRAL States LOCAL Trip Set date/time Local COM External trip Telecontrol NO MMI Activity 50 Hz Factory settings Command select Trip block Eeprom error Open breaker Measure error Eeprom changed Close breaker Ready Ev ent error Protection error Settings change SIA-C_Rev / 113

67 Test program The SIA-C equipment has a test menu that can be used to check the operation of the signalling components (LEDs and magnetic indicators), along with the trip output and the signalling outputs. This check is operative regardless of the type of power that is used. This means that the trip circuit and the signalling outputs can be tested with just a simple battery or a 12V battery in a facility without electricity supply. The following table shows the components that can be tested, along with their status depending on whether they are activated or deactivated: Vaux power LED Self-power LED Battery LED 50/51P magnetic indicator 50/51N magnetic indicator Deactivated Activated Deactivated Activated Deactivated Activated Deactivated Activated Deactivated Activated Vaux LED off Vaux LED blinking Self-power LED off Self-power LED blinking Battery LED off Battery LED blinking 50/51P magnetic indicator deactivated (black) 50/51P magnetic indicator activated (orange) 50/51N magnetic indicator deactivated (black) 50/51N magnetic indicator activated (orange) External trip magnetic indicator Trip output (*) Signalling output 1 Signalling output 2 Deactivated Activated Deactivated Activated Deactivated Activated Deactivated Activated External trip magnetic indicator deactivated (black) External trip magnetic indicator activated (orange) Trip output deactivated Trip output activated Output 1 deactivated Output 1 activated Output 2 deactivated Output 2 activated (*) When self-power values are low or the battery is at the limit of its capacity, it is possible that the equipment may initialise. This is completely normal. The following key sequence is used to gain access to the test menu: from the main menu, press the keys,, and in sequence and then press and hold the "OK" key until the "Test menu" appears on the display. The test menu is accessed by pressing the "OK" key again, and the and keys can be used to navigate through the different menu items. Each item can be activated or deactivated by pressing "OK" on it (if the item is deactivated, it is activated by pressing OK; if the item is activated, it is deactivated by pressing OK ). Press the C key to exit the test menu. SIA-C_Rev / 113

68 In order to obtain more detailed information, the method for navigating the menus is explained graphically in the keypad and display section. SIA-C_Rev / 113

69 5. TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS AND STANDARDS 5.1. Technical Specifications Function 50P Permission: yes/no Operating range: 0,10 to 30 x In (step 0,01) Operating time: 0,02 to 300 s (step 0,01) Activation level 100% Deactivation level 95% Instantaneous deactivation Function 50N Permission: yes/no Operating range: 0,10 to 30 x In (step 0,01) Operating time: 0,02 to 300 s (step 0,01) Activation level 100% Deactivation level 95% Instantaneous deactivation Function 51P Permission: yes/no Operating range: 0,10 to 7 x In (step 0,01) Curves: IEC 255-4/BS-142 Operating time: inverse curve, very inverse curve, extremely inverse curve. Defined time: 0,02 to 300 s (step 0,01 s) Dial: 0,05 to 1,25 Curve, activation level 120% Curve, deactivation level 100% Defined time, activation level 100% Defined time, deactivation level 95% Instantaneous deactivation Timing accuracy: 5% or 30 ms (greater of both) Function 51N...Function 51N Permission: yes/no Operating range: 0,10 to 7 x In (step 0,01) Curves: IEC 255-4/BS-142 Operating time: inverse curve, very inverse curve, extremely inverse curve. Defined time: 0,02 to 300 s (step 0,01 s) Dial: 0,05 to 1,25 SIA-C_Rev / 113

70 Curve, activation level 120% Curve, deactivation level 100% Defined time, activation level 100% Defined time, deactivation level 95% Instantaneous deactivation Timing accuracy: 5% or 30 ms (greater of both) External trip input Trip Bus Charge level of 0,3 xin single phase Application: not activated, feeder, supply and feeder-supply 50P block permission: yes/no 51P block permission: yes/no 50N block permission: yes/no 51N block permission: yes/no Phase block time : 0 to 300 s (pass 0,01) Neutral block time: 0 to 300s (pass 0,01) Phase block signalling time: 0 to 300 s (pass 0,01) Neutral block signalling time: 0 to 300 s (pass 0,01) Trip output 24 Vdc 576 mj Striker and coil with TCM are activated. Free potential trip output 250 Vac 8A 30 Vdc 8A Resistive charge (cos φ = 1) Coil activation Signalling outputs Signalling inputs Frequency Current measure 220 Vdc 1 A (30 W max) 250 Vac 1 A (62,5 VA max) 5-24 Vdc 0,25 VA 50/60Hz RMS Sampling: 16 samples/cycle Accuracy of 2% on a band of ±20% over the nominal current and 5% over the rest of the range. Communication RS232 port: Modbus RTU RS485port: Modbus RTU SIA-C_Rev / 113

71 Auxiliary supply 230 Vac, ±20 % 110 Vac, ±20 % 24 Vdc Battery supply With adapter (Kitcom) port DB9 Self-power from current One phase self-power level: I > 0,2 x In Environment Operating temperature: -10 to 60ºC Storage temperature: -20 to 70 ºC Humidity: 95% Transformers Power supply and measurement CT /5 or /1 Mechanical features Metallic box Panel Mounting 1/3 Rack 4 U (mechanics type A) 0,6 Rack 4 U (mechanics type B and C) IP Standards ELECTROMAGNETIC COMPATIBILITY TESTS Nº STANDARD APPLICATION IN: A.C. Power Supply D.C. Power supply Metallic enclosure Signal ports Ground EMISSIONS 1 EN55022 (1998) +A1 (2000) +A2 (2003) 2 EN55011 Radio disturbance emissions Limits and methods of measurement of radio disturbance characteristics Level A INMUNITY TO 3 IEC (1995) +A1 (2000) +A2 (2003 Electrostatic discharges Level 4: contact: ±8 kv air: ±15 kv 4 IEC (2006) ENV (1995) Radiated, radio-frequency, electromagnetic field immunity test Level 4: 30 V/m ; MHz: 1) ) ) IEC (2005) Surge immunity test Level 4: Level 4: SIA-C_Rev / 113

72 ±4 kv 5 khz and 0.75ms ±20% 100kHz ±4 kv 5 khz and 0.75ms ±20% 100kHz 6 IEC (2007) +A1 (2000) Shock waves Level 4, Class 5 ±2 kv Line-Line ±4 kv Line-Ground Level 4, Class 5 ±2 kv Line-Line ±4 kv Line-Ground 7 IEC (2006) +A1 (2000) Disturbances induced by radio-frequency fields Level 3: MHz 140 db (μv) 10 V Level 3: MHz 140 db (μv) 10 V 8 IEC (2001) Magnetic fields in industrial frequency Level 5: Continuous: 100 A/m 3 sec.: 1000 A/m 9 IEC (1993) Pulse magnetic field immunity test Level 5: 1000 A/m 10 IEC (2001) Damped Oscillatory Magnetic Field Immunity Level 5: 100 A/m 11 IEC (2005) Dips and Interrupt Testing Class 3 Dips:.5 period 0% 1 period 0% 10/12 periods 40% 25/30 periods 70% 250/300 periods 80% Interruptions: 250/300 periods 0% 12 IEC (1995) ring wave (Damped RF oscillatory waves) Level 4: ±2 kv Line-Line Level 4: ±2 kv Line-Line ±4 kv Line-Ground ±4 kv Line-Line 13 IEC Voltage fluctuation immunity test Class 3: 12% 14 IEC (2002) Ripple on d.c. input power port immunity test Level 4: 15% of Vdc (2006) Damped oscillatory waves (100 khz 30 MHz) Slow waves: Level 3: kv common mode - 1 kv differential mode Fast waves (3 MHz for AIS 30 MHz for GIS): Level 4: - 4 kv common mode - 4 kv differential mode Slow waves: Level kv common mode - 1 kv differential mode Fast waves (3 MHz for AIS 30 MHz for GIS): Level 4: - 4 kv common mode - 4 kv differential mode 16 IEC (2002) Voltage Dips & Interrupts Dips: 40% and 70% 1s Interruption: 1 sec. ISOLATION & SAFETY 17 IEC (2002) Dielectric Test Level 4: Values on table 1 2 kvac Line-Ground 1 min. 18 IEC (2002) Isolation resistance 500 Vdc Line-Ground 500 Vdc Line-Ground 19 IEC (2002) Impulse Voltage Test ±1 kv Line-Line ±5 kv Line-Line ±1 kv Line-Line ±5 kv Line-Line SIA-C_Rev / 113

73 6. USER INTERFACE Leds LCD (2x20 characters) magnetic indicators keyboard - Reset magnetic indicators - Events erasing RS Bistable magnetic indicators The front panel is equipped with 3 bistable magnetic indicators which indicate the cause of the last trip. The indicators remain in position even when the equipment loses power, so that the maintenance service can see the cause of the trip even through the equipment is not powered. Once they have been activated, it is necessary to manually reset them by pressing the RESET button. The operation of the magnetic indicators can be checked from the test menu. Magnetic indicator 50P/51P activated Magnetic indicator 50/51N activated External trip magnetic indicator A trip has been caused by phase instantaneous overcurrent or phase inverse time overcurrent A trip has been caused by neutral instantaneous overcurrent or neutral inverse time overcurrent A trip has been caused by the activation of the direct trip input 6.2. LED Indicators The SIA-C front panel has three LED pilot lights to show the type of power being used: selfpower, battery or auxiliary power. The LEDs are switched off when the power type that they represent is not active, and they blink when the power type that they represent is active. Aside from showing the type of power that is being used by the equipment, one of the LEDs should be blinking under normal conditions. If they are all switched off, or some or all of them are permanently lit, this means that the equipment is not operational. SIA-C_Rev / 113