Global trends in Management, IT and Governance in an e-world

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Global trends in Management, IT and Governance in an e-world An International Conference co-hosted by the Open University of Mauritius (OU), Mauritius and the College of Law

1 Global trends in Management, IT and Governance in an e-world An International Conference co-hosted by the Open University of Mauritius (OU), Mauritius and the College of Law and Management Studies at the University of KwaZulu-Natal (UKZN), South Africa. [ e-mig 2017 ] 08 th to 10 th November, 2017 Intercontinental Resort Mauritius, Balaclava, Mauritius

2 The application of Cloud Computing in the Tanzania Education Sector: Case study of Ministry of Education, Science and Technology (MoEST) By: Ms. Tumaini Mwendile Kabudi Rhodes University

3 Outline Introduction Problem Statement Research objectives Methodology Findings and Discussion Proposed Cloud Computing In Education Sector Simulation of the Model using CloudSim Conclusions and Recommendations

Introduction Cloud computing is a vital and popular technology that has rapidly improved and enhanced the application of IT in the education sector.

4 Introduction Cloud computing is a vital and popular technology that has rapidly improved and enhanced the application of IT in the education sector. For the purpose of this paper, cloud computing is defined as a model for enabling ubiquitous, convenient, on-demand network access to a shared pool of configurable computing resources (e.g., networks, servers, storage, applications, and services) that can be rapidly provisioned and released with minimal management effort or service provider interaction (Mell and Grance, 2011, p.3)

5 Introduction Most developed countries, universities and famous branded companies have applied cloud computing in the education sector. These universities use Google Apps and FolderWave, to admit students, as collaboration tools and system management.

6 Introduction The usage and adoption of cloud computing in Sub-Saharan African educational institutions is at its infant stage. Few educational institutions in Africa have applied and utilized cloud computing

7 Introduction MoEST had various projects computing in education. dealing with developing cloud For instance, in 2010, MoEST signed a collaboration agreement with International Business Machines Corporation (IBM). The main aim of the partnership was to support the adoption of information technologies key sectors of Tanzania s development. Therefore, Cloud computing seems to be an emerging field in Tanzania that needs research to establish its application in the education sector

Purpose and Research Objectives The purpose of the research was to examine the development, access and application of cloud computing in the day-to-day operations of the MoEST with a view to

8 Purpose and Research Objectives The purpose of the research was to examine the development, access and application of cloud computing in the day-to-day operations of the MoEST with a view to suggesting its effective use at MoEST. The specific objectives of the research were to: investigate the methods in which cloud computing was acquired; examine the ways in which cloud computing was being used; factors that influenced its use at MoEST; and suggest a cloud computing model that is suitable in education sector

9 Methodology RESEARCH PARADIGM: RESEARCH DESIGN: Qualitative design In depth single case study INTERPRETIVIST PARADIGM QUALITATIVE AREA OF STUDY: MoEST Furthermore, MoEST sets the vision, mission and policy of the education in Tanzania. It is also responsible for providing facilities that assist in acquiring education in Tanzania TARGET POPULATION: The target population of the research was management, administration, technical staff and support staff at MoEST. SAMPLING TECHNIQUES: Non Probability Purposive Sampling Purposive sampling was utilized in order to get the right sample population that will provide the best information to answer the objectives of the study

CONTENT ANALYSIS TRIANGULATION: Validate reliability of the data collected and analyzed Seek research permission

10 Methodology QUALITATIVE DATA COLLECTION: Semi- structured interviews It is believed to help collect in-depth data from the target population Enable to obtain the perceptions and feelings Observation QUALITATIVE DATA ANALYSIS CONTENT ANALYSIS TRIANGULATION: Validate reliability of the data collected and analyzed Seek research permission from the Research department at the MoEST. Ensure informed consent, privacy and anonymity of the research participants.

Findings and Discussion The researcher interviewed the heads of department at MoEST. The selected departments were Secondary Education, Higher Education, ICT Unit, and the Research.

11 Findings and Discussion The researcher interviewed the heads of department at MoEST. The selected departments were Secondary Education, Higher Education, ICT Unit, and the Research. The age of the departmental heads and technical staff were across the range of 26 to 60 years. The departmental heads had teaching experience, varying from 3 to 32 years. The technical staff had an experience of working at MoEST from one to ten years

On the aspect of cloud computing introduction, one of the departmental head said The idea of cloud computing to be applied in education sector started with the Tanzania beyond Tomorrow (TBT)

12 On the aspect of cloud computing introduction, one of the departmental head said The idea of cloud computing to be applied in education sector started with the Tanzania beyond Tomorrow (TBT) Programme. Application of cloud computing in education sector is still an abstract. One departmental head said Cloud computing is quite advanced. So its security challenges need to be addressed first. It was observed that there was only one departmental head actually knew about cloud computing. This was so because he was involved in the strategically making in the Ministry. On this aspect, one of the technical staff said, We are not told about new IT projects till the managerial staff informs us. It is the departmental heads that are aware. They are involved with the strategic decision making of the ministry. The researcher had to explain to the rest of the staff what cloud computing.

13 Proposed Cloud Computing Model in Education Sector The Hybrid model terms of deployment and SaaS in terms of service model are the recommended models to be applied in education sector in Tanzania

14 Proposed Cloud Computing Model in Education Sector The researcher recommends the hybrid model. With regard to public cloud, it can be created and managed by the MoEST, academic institution(s), or combination. Benefits of applying public cloud in education sector include customized pricing, data sharing, available storage space and provision of free updated productivity tools.

15 Proposed Cloud Computing Model in Education Sector The recommended cloud service model to be applied in the education sector is SaaS. In SaaS model environment, the Tanzanian educational institutions can outsource the educational contents by remotely accessing them via internet. The educational institutions thus utilizes applications and software provided through various users devices via thin client interfaces (e.g. web browser).

16 Simulation of the Model using CloudSim For simulation, CloudSim was used as a framework for modelling and simulating cloud computing. For the GUI part, CloudReports application was used. Higher education sector was taken as a scenario to demonstrate how cloud computing model can be used and the procedures involved in their utilization. The Higher Education scenario will elucidate universities and colleges with IT infrastructure Which should meet the needs of management, lecturers, students, research staff and IT staff. The proposed cloud model will provide users with the needed software and hardware.

17 Simulation of the Model using CloudSim

Simulation of the Model using CloudSim As a limiting factor, Simulation was of cloud model that will be applied in part of education sector i.e. High Education Sector.

18 Simulation of the Model using CloudSim As a limiting factor, Simulation was of cloud model that will be applied in part of education sector i.e. High Education Sector. The researcher chose Ardhi University, IFM University, Mzumbe University, SUA University and University of Dar-es-Salaam.

19 Simulation of the Model using CloudSim To start the experiment in CloudReports, Configure data centres, host configurations Then add user characteristics Configuration Tab of CloudReports

20 Simulation of the Model using CloudSim The results obtained after simulating the proposed cloud model based on the parameters The total time for each cloudlet to successfully be executed on the data centre

21 Simulation of the Model using CloudSim Total operational costs

22 Simulation of the Model using CloudSim Number of cloudlets which have been effectively executed on the data centre

23 Simulation of the Model using CloudSim Utilization of different cloud resources such as CPU, RAM and bandwidth

24 Conclusion and Recommendations Cloud computing has a vital role in changing and improving the education system in Tanzania. The findings obtained are significant in developing cloud computing applications It will assist in the provision of education in Tanzania Recommends the government to recruit consultants and auditors to propose the best educational applications that can be kept in an efficient cloud. Recommends adopters of the cloud model should plan and ensure smooth uniform transition for these educational institutions. Data protection mechanisms, data location configuration of SaaS provide should be analysed

26 References Aljawarneh, S., Cloud security engineering: Avoiding security threats the right way. Cloud Comput.Adv.Des.Implementation, Technol., pp.147. Aljenaa, E., Al-Anzi, F. and Alshayeji, M., eds Proceedings of the Second Kuwait Conference on e-services and e-systems ACM. Al Noor, S., Mustafa, G., Chowdhury, S.A., Hossain, M.Z. and Jaigirdar, F.T., A proposed architecture of cloud computing for education system in Bangladesh and the impact on current education system. IJCSNS International Journal of Computer Science and Network Security, 10 (10), pp Calheiros, R.,, Ranjan, R., and Beloglazov, A., CloudSim: a toolkit for modeling and simulation of cloud computing environments and evaluation of resource provisioning algorithms. Software: Practice. Ercan, T., Effective use of cloud computing in educational institutions. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences. Fan, X.,, Cao, J., and Mao, H., A survey of mobile cloud computing. In: ZTE Corp pp Hayes, B., Cloud computing. Communications of the ACM. Jain, A., and Pandey, U.S., Role of cloud computing in higher education. International Journal of Advanced Research in Computer Science and Software Engineering, 3(7), p.pp Komba, A., Relevance of schooling in Tanzania. Culturally Responsive Education: Reflections from the Global South and North, p.95. Kshetri, N., Cloud computing in developing economies. Computer, 43(10), pp Lennon, R.G., Bring your own device (BYOD) with Cloud 4 education. In: Proceedings of the 3rd annual conference on Systems, programming, and applications: software for humanity - SPLASH 12. p.171. Lwoga, E., Making learning and Web 2.0 technologies work for higher learning institutions in Africa. Campus-Wide Information Systems, 29(2), pp Mell, P., and Grance, T., The NIST Definition of Cloud Computing Recommendations of the National Institute of Standards and Technology. Nist Special Publication, 145, p.7. Mtebe, J., and Raisamo, R., 2014a. elearning Cost Analysis of On-Premise versus Cloud-hosted Implementation in Sub-Saharan Countries. The African Journal of Information Systems, 6(2), p.2.

Simulation of Cloud Computing Environments with CloudSim

Simulation of Cloud Computing Environments with CloudSim Print ISSN: 1312-2622; Online ISSN: 2367-5357 DOI: 10.1515/itc-2016-0001 Key Words: Cloud computing; datacenter; simulation; resource management.