Environmental Computing More than computing environmental models? Anton Frank IEEE escience Conf., Munich,

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1 Environmental Computing More than computing environmental models? Anton Frank IEEE escience Conf., Munich,

2 Focus Topic Environment What is Environmental Computing? 9/3/2015 Leibniz Supercomputing Centre 2

3 Environmental Computing = Computing Environmental Models 9/3/2015 Leibniz Supercomputing Centre 3

4 Numerical Weather forecast /3/2015 Leibniz Supercomputing Centre 4

?! Computational Environmental Science = Environmental Computing Computational Science Scientific Computing Domain scientist s view Computer scientist s view Research on computational

5 ?! Computational Environmental Science = Environmental Computing Computational Science Scientific Computing Domain scientist s view Computer scientist s view Research on computational technologies to support scientific domains Science supported by computational technologies Computational methods and technologies to support environmental science 9/3/2015 Leibniz Supercomputing Centre 5

Is Environmental Sciences specifically interesting from a

Environmental Science Highly interdisciplinary Multi-domain,

Uses up-to-date methods and technologies High performance computing,

6 Is Environmental Sciences specifically interesting from a Computational Scientist s point of view? Environmental Science Highly interdisciplinary Multi-domain, multi-physics, multi-model, Extreme scales (spatial and temporal) Uses up-to-date methods and technologies High performance computing, e-infrastructures, high speed networks Big data management / analysis / sharing science gateways, workflow systems

VERCE: Seismology Workflow Parameter to earthquake source from DB (EMSC) Wave forms from data base (ORFEUS) Simulation runs with different solvers and models (LRZ) Infrastructure requirements:

7 VERCE: Seismology Workflow Parameter to earthquake source from DB (EMSC) Wave forms from data base (ORFEUS) Simulation runs with different solvers and models (LRZ) Infrastructure requirements: (worldwide) data collection Access to Various data bases Graphical representation of phase and amplitude information Interactive and automatic data mining (IPGP) Visualisation of the real and synthetic data (SARA) High performance resources (HPC) High throughput resources (HTC) Transfer of big amounts of data Remote visualization Update of subsurface Models (LMU) Re-calculation of all earthquake source parameters with best model Update of event data base with improved positioning Workflow management Federated identity management Virtual organisations Interoperability Software development: Prof. Igel, LMU Porting, scaling, optimization 2014 Leibniz Supercomputing Centre

8 What makes Environmental Science different? Environmental events: sueddeutsche.de Political decisions: Massive impact on society Urgent and/or far-reaching britannica.com ap 9/3/2015 Leibniz Supercomputing zeit.de Centre 8

9 What makes Environmental Science different? Political decision making Fast evaluation of a specific situation Trustworthy assessment Simple message 9/3/2015 Leibniz Supercomputing Centre 9

Challenges for Environmental Computing Research must be Up-to-date: Sensor

access, open Close to society: Citizen Science, crowdsourcing Highly reactive:

algorithms, high-quality software Trustworthy: Uncertainty quantification

10 Challenges for Environmental Computing Research must be Up-to-date: Sensor networks / IoT, real time data assimilation Fast accessible: Open data, open access, open Close to society: Citizen Science, crowdsourcing Highly reactive: Urgent computing, computing on demand Highly reliable: Fault-tolerant algorithms, high-quality software Trustworthy: Uncertainty quantification Understandable: Information visualization, visual analytics 9/3/2015 Leibniz Supercomputing Centre 10

ICT Impact on Environment Global carbon-dioxide (CO2) emissions from fossil-fuel combustion reached a record high of 31.6 gigatonnes (Gt) in 2011, an increase of 1.0 Gt or 3.

11 ICT Impact on Environment Global carbon-dioxide (CO2) emissions from fossil-fuel combustion reached a record high of 31.6 gigatonnes (Gt) in 2011, an increase of 1.0 Gt or 3.2% on 2010, the previous record year. International Energy Agency ICT industry is responsible for around 2-3% of the global carbon footprint The Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) 2014 Leibniz Supercomputing Centre Picture Flickr User johnb

Energy consumption of ICT: Arbitrary highlights Power consumption

PlayStation 3 ~200 W New Facebook Data Centre: 119 Wind turbines, 202

searches per day biggest culprit of energy consumption in the cloud

12 Energy consumption of ICT: Arbitrary highlights Power consumption while idling: average desktop computer 80 W average laptop: 20 W Sony PlayStation 3 ~200 W New Facebook Data Centre: 119 Wind turbines, 202 MWatt Mainly needed for video up/download How green is Green IT? Google uses about 0.3 Wh of energy to answer the average search query with 4 billion searches per day biggest culprit of energy consumption in the cloud computing ecosystem is the equipment that facilitates wireless access to the cloud (CEET, 2013) 9/3/2015 Leibniz Supercomputing Centre 12

office building heating 100% renewable energy

13 Energy consumption of High Performance Computing Warm water cooling (up to 35 C) Waste heat used for office building heating 100% renewable energy Energy-aware scheduling 2013 Leibniz Supercomputing Centre

External IT components (storage, data transfer, etc) Primary Energy Demand Energy

14 Green500: Is it the right measure to reduce energy consumption? Measure: Gflops/Watt However, not fully considering Energy for cooling, waste heat External IT components (storage, data transfer, etc) Primary Energy Demand Energy requirement of upstream processes, e.g. Extraction, Transformation, Distribution 9/3/2015 Leibniz Supercomputing Centre 14

Electronic Waste HP delivers fully-equipped

for Microsoft s Azure Center Containers are

hardware is broken Greenpeace Greenpeace

waste by sharing resources greencitizen.

15 Electronic Waste HP delivers fully-equipped compute clusters in ISO shipping containers for Microsoft s Azure Center Containers are said to be decommissioned if 10% of the hardware is broken Greenpeace Greenpeace Cloud Computing helps to reduce electronic waste by sharing resources greencitizen.com APA/SÜDWIND 9/3/2015 Leibniz Supercomputing Centre 15

Selection of applications running on HPC resources

criterion: Scientific quality Additional criteria:

16 Selection of applications running on HPC resources Scarce resources requires selection Main selection criterion: Scientific quality Additional criteria: Technical readiness, performance Possible additional criteria (?) Energy consumption Socio-ecological relevance and impact 9/3/2015 Leibniz Supercomputing Centre 16

17 Conclusion Environment Computing Political decision making Environmental Computing Responsibly providing computing technologies to support scientists and politicians to tackle the great ecological challenges ahead Energy saving Socio-ecological responsibility 2015 Leibniz Supercomputing Centre

18 Why Munich? Alpine Region Danube Region 9/3/2015 Leibniz Supercomputing Centre 18

Commissions for Geodesy and Glaciology, Alpine Research, Geomorphology,

Universität München Faculty of Civil, Geo, and Environmental Engineering

Group on Earth System Preservation (IESP) Ludwig-Maximilians-University

19 Why Munich? Bavarian Academy of Sciences and Humanities Leibniz Supercomputing Centre Commissions for Geodesy and Glaciology, Alpine Research, Geomorphology, Ecology Helmholtz Research Centre for Environmental Health Technische Universität München Faculty of Civil, Geo, and Environmental Engineering Science Centre for Nutrition, Land Use, and Environment International Expert Group on Earth System Preservation (IESP) Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich Faculty of Geosciences, Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences Rachel Carson Centre for Environment and Society (RCC) 9/3/2015 Leibniz Supercomputing Centre 19

research activities Integrated scientific working

20 Partnership Initiative Computational Sciences (π CS ) Intensified Communication Collaborative research activities Integrated scientific working groups Joint publications 2014 Leibniz Supercomputing Centre

Michael Bader, Institut für Informatik (TUM) Seismic wave propagation with SeisSol 1,42

21 Bild: Alex Breuer (TUM) / Christian Pelties (LMU) Dr. Christian Pelties, Prof. Heiner Igel, Lehrstuhl für Geophysik (LMU) Prof. Michael Bader, Institut für Informatik (TUM) Seismic wave propagation with SeisSol 1,42 Petaflop/s on cores of SuperMUC (44,5% of theoretical peak performance) Reduction of runtime to a 5 th of original runtime PRACE Award 2014 Gordon Bell Finalist

Environment Computing www.envcomp.eu Thank you for your attention!

22 Environment Computing Thank you for your attention! Political decision making Energy saving Socio-ecological responsibility 2015 Leibniz Supercomputing Centre

Accelerated Earthquake Simulations

Accelerated Earthquake Simulations Alex Breuer Technische Universität München Germany 1 Acknowledgements Volkswagen Stiftung Project ASCETE: Advanced Simulation of Coupled Earthquake-Tsunami Events Bavarian