NIBS Building Innovation 2014

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1 NIBS Building Innovation 2014 Integrated Rapid Visual Screening Process to Assess and Design Safe Schools Mila Kennett Department of Homeland Security Science and Technology Resilient Systems Division January 8, 2014 Washington, DC

2 HP Resilience Programs All Hazards Approach Resilience High Performance HP Resilience Program Projects IRVS Integrated Rapid Visual Screening Family IRVS - School Tool to assess and evaluate risk and resilience in schools (unfunded) UBT Urban Blast Tool AMD Advanced and High Performance Materials Database OPR Owners Performance Requirements SITE Security Information and Technology Exchange

3 IRVS Family IRVS/ ISC Automates all steps of the Interagency Security Committee (ISC) Standards. Assess risk and resilience of federal and leased buildings. Module 1 completed in 2012 and is being used by a large number of federal agencies. Module 2 to be released next year as pending available funding IRVS/ Basic Designed for commercial buildings, subways, and tunnels. Completed in It is used extensively for the assessment of private sector and state inventories. Accessible at DHS website. IRVS/ School Safety Advanced draft being reviewed by a large committee headed by the CT Committee created in the aftermath of Sandy Hook Elementary School shootings. The automation of the manual will be prepared next year pending available funding

4 Collaboration Background DHS/S&T Tool Testimonies Sandy Hook and SSIC BIPS O7 BIPS 11 (ISC Standards) IP Active Shooter Howto-Respond Testified before the Sandy Hook Commission Testified before the SSIC Commission Katy ISD Using existing DHS/S&T Products to Assess Schools

5 Characteristics of the School Safety Effort A new manual was prepared which can become an automated tool to compute risk & resilience to natural disasters, manmade hazards & other school undesirable events The automated tool can improve school safety at minimum cost by identifying critical vulnerabilities & costeffective mitigation measures User friendly knowledgebase is embedded in the tool Rapid 2 to 3 hours to assess a school building Accurate very reliable / verifiable results

6 The ISC and IRVS School Safety Effort Methodology based on ISC standards & the DHS S&T IRVS software The ISC standards directs all governmentowned & leased facilities to enhance the quality of physical security & protection of buildings to be constructed, modernized or to be purchased. The ISC is part of DHS/Office of Infrastructure Protection. The ISC standards focus in man-made hazard protection. The IRVS for School Safety recommendations are to be adopted on a voluntary basis & are directed to enhance school safety. Allows States, Jurisdictions, School Districts to select a baseline to categorize & implement protective measures depending on size, location, consequences & existing vulnerabilities. It is a multihazard approach.

7 IRVS School Safety Methodology All Criteria are Ranked 1-5 UE Undesirable Events Includes a broad range of undesirable events that can adversely impact the security, function, and operations of a school. The list includes natural hazards, man- made hazards, and other threats that compromises school safety SSL School Security Level Identifies the criteria and process for determining the baseline for States, Jurisdictions, and Schools to implement protective measures. The baseline is established through a methodology and judgment. This criteria can be associated with consequences LOP Level of Protection Evaluates whether the countermeasures contained in the baseline LOP adequately mitigate known or anticipated risks to the facility determined for each undesirable event. This criteria can be associated with vulnerabilities which are categorized & ranked for implementing protective measures 7

8 Undesirable Events Natural Hazards Historical Data Available: Frequency and Intensity may be determined Natural Hazards Earthquakes Floods High Winds Sea level Rise Ice /Snow Storms Hail Wildfire Climate Change Allows for the routine consideration of new design standards as climate change exerts added stress on the physical environment through increased occurrence of heat waves, frequent and intense droughts and inland floods.

9 Undesirable Events Threats & circumstances are continuously changing. Selection can be based on likelihood, research, & risk acceptance Man-Made Hazards Explosives CBR Civil Disturbance Hostile Surveillance Cyber Attacks Utility Failure Vehicle Ramming Arson School Violence: Bullying, gangs, sexual, food poisoning School Shootings Abduction High Velocity Vehicles in the Vicinity Disruption of School Security Systems Theft Vandalism Robbery

10 School Security Level Ranking is 1 to 5 5 is worst situation, maximum exposure and greater consequences States, Jurisdictions, and School Districts will select the SSL based on the methodology and judgment Number of Students Multiple Functions Shelter Function Replacement Value Historic Value Intensity of Surrounding Traffic Target Potential (Man-made hazards) Target Density (Proximity of threat occurrence) Proximity to an Active Fault Distance from a Flooding Source Flooding Maximum Depth Flood Duration Flood Velocity Hurricane Frequency Tornado Frequency Climate Change Factors and Exposure General Condition of the School Wild Fire Exposure 10

11 Level of Protection Ranking is 1 to 5 Site Architectural Building Envelope Structural Mechanical (MEP) Fire Systems Security Cyber Continuity of Operations Emergency, Response and Recovery Plans Example of Specific School Vulnerabilities Lobbies Controlled Hiding Places for School Shootings Corridors and Hallways School Doors Application of CPTED Principles High Velocity Vehicles in Vicinity Outdoor Gathering Points School Buses and Drop-off Areas Playgrounds and Entry Points Outdoor Athletics Fencing Classrooms Special Rooms (music, dance, library, etc.) Large Assembly Areas (Auditorium) School Multiple Functions (after hours) Gyms School and Shelters (hurricane and blast) School and Tornado Shelters Hazardous Material Storage 11

12 Step 1 Step :1 IRVS School Safe Analysis Step 2 UEs serves to identify all hazard events at the facility (threats/hazards) SSL is the baseline. It estimates the criticality at the facility (consequences) The LOP establishes the vulnerabilities of the facility. The LOP is compared --criteria by criteria-- to the UE and SSL The higher the risk, the higher the LOP The comparison may show that existing LOP does not address the risk(s) (is too high or too low). The next step is to identify the necessary LOP. 12

13 Step 3 Is existing LOP Sufficient? If necessary LOP not met, is it achievable? Date? Mitigation type? If not achievable, is risk acceptable? Rational? Executive Summary Necessary SSL UE List Current LOP Outputs Analysis SSL LOP and UE LOP Tailored Graphs / Photos / Charts Outputs Risk can be reduced based on scenarios through suggested cost effective mitigation measures 13

14 IRVS Sample Scenario 14

15 Potential Follow Up Organize an official Committee to review the ongoing work prepared by DHS/S&T, SSIC and Katy ISD Complete the preparation of the IRVS School Safety Manual As funding permits, prepare the IRVS School Safety Software Validate the Software Launch the IRVS School Safety Methodology 15

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