Network Codes, Governance and Regulatory issues for the Transition towards up to 100% RES

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2 6/27/2018 Slide No. 2 Network Codes, Governance and Regulatory issues for the Transition towards up to 100% RES 28th June 2018 Bucharest, Romania Dr. Mihai PAUN Vice-President Romanian Energy Center

3 RESERVE: THE CONTEXT The European Commission and the Member States have agreed ambitious goals in terms of use of Renewable Energy Sources: 32% by 2030 As result, many Renewable Energy Sources driven by power electronics have been and will be installed in the grid This change is affecting the fundamentals of grid operation and it is the necessary to rethink the basics of control and automation

4 Slide No. 4 RESERVE: THE CONTEXT Because the majority of the new Energy Sources are connected to the Distribution Grid, as also underlined by the Energy Winter Package, the relation between DSOs and TSOs is going to evolve RESERVE focuses on the role of Distribution Grid and power electronic-driven sources inserted in this section of the network (in parallel the project MIGRATE is focusing on the Transmission level) Renewables 2014 Global Status Report

5 RISING QUESTIONS How are we going to substitute the role of Synchronous Machines in future Power Systems? How can power electronics play a new role and actually make the grid even better than before? What is a good system level approach for future power systems? Which role will Communication Infrastructures play? How should we change operational logic to adapt to the new characteristics of the grid?

6 EU CALL AND RESERVE VISION H2020 LCE-07: In a future European energy scenario with very high shares of renewables (up to 100%) in the energy mix, system support functions that are provided today by synchronous generation will need to be provided by renewable generation or procured from third parties RESERVE Strategic Objective: To enable up to 100% penetration of renewable by developing innovative approaches to system level automation based on an innovative ancillary service provision to a close to market level of maturity, supporting them with validation of the concepts and policies using a pan-european real time simulation Infrastructure and anchoring the approach with the main sectors in Europe and beyond.

7 Slide No. 7 PROJECT OVERVIEW DIAGRAM

8 FREQUENCY STABILITY Reconsider the concept of frequency and its measurement process Define the correct architecture of coordination of all the energy sources (centralized vs distributed) Redefine the behavior of the power converter to avoid unstable behavior and frequency oscillation (Linear Swing Dynamics) Classical Generation Synchronous Generator (SG) Today P elect Converter based -generation RES Renewable Energy System Future Linear relationship between Pelect and δ Today Future Nonlinear (sinusoidal) relationship between Pelect and δ Power angle characteristic that interprets system swing dynamics δ

9 VOLTAGE STABILITY Review impedance concept to span over a large frequency region Control automationdefines the impedances and not only passive components On-line estimation of the frequency response as a key tool to ensure stability of operation PRBS ON Parametric Impedances Virtual Output Impedance Commands 5G Communication link 0 Z0 Z01 1 Z12 2 Zn-1,n n ZS1 ZS2 ZSn MV/LV Zg1 Zg2 Zgn Secondary Substation AC AC AC AC AC AC DC DC DC DC DC DC ZSS1 ZSS2 ZSSn ZLL1 ZLL2 ZLLn VSS1 VSS2 VSSn

10 Slide No. 10 RESERVE TRIALS

11 Slide No. 11 RESERVE RESULTS Ancillary services definitions Harmonised network codes Pan-European realtime simulation platform 5G ICT support for RES based energy systems Energy providers ENTSO-E Other LC-07 projects ACER, ENTSO-E Regulators Other LC-07 projects Research communities Manufacturers Service providers Energy standards community (IEC, IEEE) Communications standards community (5G-PPP, 3G-PPP)

12 6/27/2018 Slide No. 12 NETWORK CODES (NCS) UPDATING NEEDS NCs updates RESERVE The breaking new territories to be achieved by RESERVE will be implemented by updating NCs and changing the Ancillary Services (AC) structure

13 6/27/2018 Slide No. 13 NC(s) UPDATING PROCESS Development of Framework Guidelines (FWGL) Request to draft a FWGL EC On a topic identified in art. 8 (6) of the Regulation EC 714/2009 ACER EC Development of a FWGL In consultation with ENTSO-E, stakeholders and Expert group Request for ENTSO-E to draft a network code According to FWGL submitted by ACER Development of network code Network code development period by ENTSO-E (12 months) ENTSO-E In consultation with stakeholders according to FWGL Assesment, agreement and entry into force ACER EC Assesment of network code Reccomendation of network code to the EC Comitology process (where appropriate) Further consultation, resulting a legally binding network code

14 6/27/2018 NC and regulatory framework (MAY 2018) Slide No. 14 CONSULTATION PROCESS ENTSO-E CENELEC EWEA DG Energy - EC ACER NRA EPIA Inv. Pr. EASE EDSO EUR DG Energy - Directorate-General for Energy - European Commission; Directorate B ACER Agency for the Cooperation of Energy Regulators NRA National Regulatory Authorities ENTSO-E European Networks of Transmission System Operators CENELEC - European Committee for Electrotechnical Standardization EDSO European Distribution Systems Operation for Smart Grids Association EUR - EURELECTRIC EWEA European Wind Energy Association EPIA European Photovoltaic Industry Assoc. Inv. Pr. Inverters producers (ex. Mitsubishi) EASE European Association for Storage of Energy

15 6/27/2018 Slide No. 15 KEY PRINCIPLES AND PRIORITIES ON NC(s) RESERVE technical proposals & Key principles when drafting NCs Efficiency of the investments and costs Harmonization among the power sector members Transparency and predictability Priority Continuity TOP 5 priorities of 19 proposals 1 New generation of RES inverters 2 New frequency control concept 3 System swing dynamics 4 Requirements of minimum system inertia 5 New voltage control concept

16 6/27/2018 Slide No. 16 LINKING TOP 5 PRIORITIES TO EXISTING NCs TOP 5 priorities of 19 RESERVE proposals 1 New generation of RES inverters 2 New frequency control concept 3 System swing dynamics 4 Requirements of minimum system inertia 5 New voltage control concept Connection Family Operations Family Market Family - High Voltage Direct Current Connections Code - Demand Connection Code - Requirements for Generators Code - Emergency and Restoration Code - System Operations Code - Capacity Allocation & Congestion Management Code - Forward Capacity Allocation Code - Electricity Balancing Code

17 6/27/2018 Slide No NEW GENERATION OF RES INVERTERS New functions for frequency control New functions for voltage control

18 6/27/2018 Slide No NEW FREQUENCY CONTROL CONCEPT New concept for frequency control TSO only New ICT architecture TSO & DSO

19 6/27/2018 Slide No MINIMUM SYSTEM INERTIA REQUIREMENTS Requirements for minimum inertia Storage facilities

20 6/27/2018 Slide No NEW VOLTAGE CONTROL CONCEPT DSO-Prosumer colaboration Voltage control DSO only New ICT requirements and inverters generation Voltage control DSO & Prosumer

21 6/27/2018 Slide No SYSTEM SWING DYNAMICS New Concept: Linearized Swing Equations Faster and more accurate protection and automatization system

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