BetterCrypto org Applied Crypto Hardening
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1 BetterCrypto org Applied Crypto Hardening David Durvaux Brussels, 12 th June 2014
2 Why better crypto?
3
4 But of course... It is not only the NSA, who intercepts Other nations now have a blueprint (thanks to Snowden) in case they did not have the technical skills yet Criminals now have a blueprint,... Everyone has! So, what can we do?
5 Don t give them anything for free It s your home, your fight!
6 Who (authors of bettercrypto) Wolfgang Breyha (uni VIE), David Durvaux (CERT.be), Tobias Dussa (KIT- CERT), L. Aaron Kaplan (CERT.at), Florian Mendel (IAIK/A- Sit) ChrisJan Mock (coretec), Daniel Kovacic (A- Trust), Manuel Koschuch (FH Campus Wien), Adi Kriegisch (VRVis), Ramin Sabet (A- Trust), Aaron Zauner (azet.org), Pepi Zawodsky (maclemon.at), And many other contributors!!
7 Agenda Introduction to BetterCrypto project Practical Settings Testing Conclusion
8 BetterCrypto
9 Why? Crypto is cryptic A lot of difficult concepts A lot of algorithms A lot of parameters
10 The Idea Really difficult for systems administrators A cookbook can help! That s BetterCrypo
11 That s not A crypto course A static document
12 In brief Community effort to produce best common practices for typical servers Continuous effort From diverse areas of expertise: sysadmins, cryptologists, developers, IT security pros Open Source (CC-BY-SA) Open to comments / suggestions / improvements
13 2 parts First part = configurations The most important part Cover as many tools as possible Second part = theory Explain and justify choose we made Transparency
14 How to use the bettercrypto guide? Start Introduction No time (copy/paste) yes read Practical Recommendations no Read Theory (explains why we choose certain settings) re-read Practical Recommendations Appendix (references & links)
15 BetterCrypto CipherSuite 2 cipher suites version A stronger fewer supported clients version B weaker more universal
16 Some general thoughts on settings General Disable SSL 2.0 (weak algorithms) Disable SSL 3.0 (BEAST vs IE/XP) Enable TLS 1.0 or preferably better Disable TLS-Compression (SSL-CRIME Attack) Implement HSTS (HTTP Strict Transport Security)
17 Cipher Suite A TLS 1.2 Perfect forward secrecy / ephemeral Diffie Hellman Strong MACs (SHA-2) or GCM as Authenticated Encryption scheme
18 CiperSuite B TLS 1.2, TLS 1.1, TLS 1.0 Allowing SHA-1
19 Cipher Suite B
20 Compatibility (B suite)
21 Practical Settings
22 Tools covered Web servers SSH Mail Servers VPNP GP/GPG IPMI/ILO Instant Messaging RDBMS Proxy Kerberos
23 Let s have a look
24 Mail Encryption GPG / PGP end to end protection Use public / private crypto to protect your s Chain of trust Independent of the mail client / transport layer Can be used to verify author and/or protect content STARTTLS for SMTP in transit
25 Mail Server SMTP make use of opportunistic TLS 3 modes for mailservers Mail Submission Agent (MSA) Receiving Mail Transmission Agent (MX) Sending Mail Transmission Agent (SMTP client)
26 Mail Server Correct DNS configuration without CNAMEs Enable encryption NO self-signed certificates
27 SMTP client mode Hostname used as HELO must match the PTR RR Setup a client certificate Common name or alternate subject name must match the PTR RR Don t touch cipher suite
28 MSA Listen on port 587 Enforce SMTP AUTH No SMTP AUTH on unencrypted connections (use recommended cipher suites)
29 Postfix: MX & SMTP client In main.cf Enable opportunistic TLS
30 Postfix: MSA Define ciper suite: Configure MSA SMTP:
31 Tools: ssllabs
32 ssllabs (2)
33 Ssllabs (3)
34 Conclusion
35 Future ideas Configuration Generator (online) Other tools Other protocols
36 Current state as of 2014/05/31 ü Solid basis with Variant (A) and (B) ü Public draft was widely presented at the CCC, RIPE meeting, IETF Strint workshop, Linuxdays,..., M3AAWG Section cipher suites still a bit messy, needs more work Need to convert to HTML
37 How to participate We need: cryptologists, sysadmins, hackers Read the document, find bugs Subscribe to the mailing list Understand the cipher strings Variant (A) and (B) before proposing some changes If you add content to a subsection, make a sample config with variant (B) Git repo is world-readable We need: Add content to an subsection from the TODO list à send us diffs Reviewers!
38 Thank you! BetterCrypto.org
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