KODAK: Storage and the 21st Century
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1 KODAK: Storage and the 21st Century William J. Hutchinson Director - Capture & Storage Technology Eastman Kodak Company 365 Ridge Rd, Rochester NY THIC Meeting at DoubleTree Hotel at Tysons Corner Fairfax VA April /26/97 Chart 1#
2 Presentation Topics Kodak Storage Technology and Products Applications driving technology and standards Technology Roadmap for Optical Storage Enabling Technologies Alternative Technologies Conclusions 4/26/97 Chart 2#
3 Kodak: A Leader in the Digital Imaging Business KODAK develops and manufactures a variety of digital imaging products serving many market segments - Digital & Advanced Photo System Film Cameras - CD Based and Large Format Optical Storage Systems - High Speed Document & Color Pictorial Scanners - Digital Printers and Inkjet Media - Digital Imaging Workstations 4/26/97 Chart 3#
4 Kodak s Storage History Historical Focus Recording Materials & Recording Physics ( HMI ) Current Storage Technologies Write Once Optical Recording Media» Phase Change Media» Proprietary Organic/Metallic Media CD-R2 / DVD - R» Dye Based CD-R / DVD-R Media Re-Writable Superlattice CoPt MO media High Performance Optical Heads & Actuators Magnetic Recording Heads and Magnetics on Film Media Micrographics 4/26/97 Chart 4#
5 Kodak Storage Products Writable CD Media with Infoguard PCD 600 6X Writer and Autoloader CD 144 ADL (CD-ROM & CD-R Drives) OD System 2000E Automated Disk Library OD System 2000E Media (25GB) Micrographic Media and Equipment 4/26/97 Chart 5#
6 Applications and Markets TECHNOLOGY APPLICATION 1996 MARKET MARKET TREND CD-Audio CD-ROM Prerecorded digital audio Prerecorded computer software $ 1B Increasing at 20%/yr $ 4B DVD-ROM will replace in 2-5 years CD-R SW publishing and document/data distribution $0.4B Growing popularity due to low cost drives and authoring SW CD-E Personal Storage $0.0 Will compete with DVD- RAM in1998 WORM Rewriteable Optical Drives Magnetic Hard Drives Archival computer data storage Archival storage of large volumes of data Used for on line & archival storage of data $ 0.7B Projected 200 Gbytes by 2000 (AGR = 40+%) $ 1B Reduced volumes due to magnetic disks advances $ 25B Improving density and lowering costs (AGR = 60%) 4/26/97 Chart 6#
7 Emerging Applications DVD TECHNOLOGY APPLICATION MARKET TREND DVD-ROM DVD-R (Write-Once) DVD-RAM (Rewritable) Prerecorded movies and computer SW SW publishing. Insufficient capacity for DVD video Transport/duplicate data and multimedia content Available in 1997 with 4.7 GB capacity. Will replace CD-ROM Projected for late1997 with 3.9 GB capacity. Projected for late 1998 with 2.6 GB capacity 4/26/97 Chart 7#
8 Desktop Drive Trends HDD CD ROM DVD ROM DVD RAM/R MO Number of Drives (Millions) Year 4/26/97 Chart 8#
9 Desktop Storage Trends Direct Access Storage HDD.2-.4 GB HDD GB HDD GB Content Distribution FDD 1.4 MB CD ROM.65 GB DVD ROM GB Removable Storage FDD 1.4 MB FDD, CD-R, MO, ZIP, PD etc GB FDD DVD RAM GB Common Drive Common Drive 4/26/97 Chart 9#
10 Applications Driving Capacity Motion Rich Multimedia Content 1 page of ASCII Text 3 KB Professional Color Photographic Image (JPEG) 4 MB 1 min CD Audio 10 MB 1 min MPEG II Video 35 MB 30 sec Motion Picture Sequence 25 GB Internet and On Line Imaging Services (e.g. Digital Photofinishing, Video on Demand) Convergence to digital form in commercial and professional markets Electronic media is less expensive than hard copy Availability of authoring tools and standard playback platforms ( CD-ROM) 4/26/97 Chart 10#
11 Aerial Density Trends HDD Optical 100 Gigabits / square inch /26/97 Chart 11#
12 Key Enabling Technologies for Storage Aerial density limits for magnetic and optical storage are comparable approaching 36 Gb/ sq inch Optical Storage Shorter wavelength high power lasers Optical Heads (objective optics with NA>.6, solid immersion lenses, hologram / grating beam splitters, active tilt control, improved actuators) Advances in media (multilayer, panchromatic) Magnetic HDD Storage Advances in media performance (thermal stability, high anisotropy, smaller grain size) Advances in head performance ( MR vs Inductive, higher switching frequencies, flying with sub micron gaps) 4/26/97 Chart 12#
13 Projected Laser Development Type GaN 2mW 30mW 420 GaN 2mW 30mW Wavelength 420 SHG 2mW 5mW 10mW 20mW 490 ZnSe 2mW 30mW 520 ZnSe 2mW 30mW 635 InGaAlP <5mW 40mW 650 InGaAlP <20mW 60mW 670 InGaAlP <60mW 100mW Available Lab Demo Predicted 4/26/97 Chart 13#
14 Optical Media Technology Greater precision in mastering Improved precision and uniformity of molding Improved tracking and servo formats to increase radial track density New/Improved thin film semi transparent recording layers Pan sensitive recording layers 4/26/97 Chart 14#
15 Alternative Technologies Optical Tape Risks: Lack of standards and disorganized marketplace Near Field recording (NFR) Technical Risks: Low cost solid immersion lens, media performance Holographic Storage Technical Risks: recording layer materials, tailored light sources, high performance optics Electron Trapping Optical Memory (ETOM) Technical risks: Substrate materials, thin film deposition Persistent Spectral Hole Burning (PSHB) Technical risks: Cryogenic temperatures, data permanence 4/26/97 Chart 15#
16 Optical Storage Technology Roadmap Data Server 5.25 inch 2.6 GB 14 inch 25 GB 5.25 inch 5.2 GB 14 inch 75 GB 14 inch 200 GB 5.25 inch 10.4 GB Personal Storage Content Distribution CD-R.650 GB CD-E.650 GB DVD-ROM 4.7 GB DVD-R 3.9 GB DVD-RAM 2.6 GB DVD-ROM 8.5 GB DVD-R 4.7 GB DVD-R 7.4 GB DVD-RAM 4.7 GB 4/26/97 Chart 16#
17 Conclusions Image Rich applications will drive the need for increased capacity Magnetic Technology (HDD, tape) will continue to have an advantage in performance and volumetric density Optical Disk Technology will maintain its advantage in removability, interchangeability and replication / distribution costs Magnetic and Optical Disk products will coexist and compliment each other Near Field Recording, Optical Tape and Holographic recording appear to be the most promising emerging storage technologies 4/26/97 Chart 17#
18 KODAK Approach Focus on Imaging Applications Drive product leadership through R&D Support Standards Active participation in:» ANSI X3, ECMA TC31, ISO/IEC JTC 1/SC23 Industry and Government Partnerships Active participant in:» NSIC, OIDA, OSTA, SIGCAT, DVD Working Groups 6,7 Federal Government Sponsored R&D» NIST - Advanced Technology Programs» DOD - IR&D 4/26/97 Chart 18#
19 Kodak - Going Forward Kodak will continue to provide digital storage products that emphasize: Best-Value High Productivity Customer Investment Protection» Data Integrity, Data Protection» Open Standards» Backward Compatibility» Forward Migration Path 4/26/97 Chart 19#
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