6LoWPAN Eliminate Energy Waste by Sensing and Informing. Patrick Grossetete Product Management and Customers Solutions

Transcription

1 6LoWPAN Eliminate Energy Waste by Sensing and Informing Patrick Grossetete Product Management and Customers Solutions

2 IP Wireless Sensor Network Network of small-footprint computers Optimized for long-life on low power Equipped to sense physical data Networked using low-power radio Function: Sense any measurable physical parameter Temp/Hum, Energy, Light, motion, chemicals, proximity, biometrics Form LoWPAN = Low power Wireless Personal Area Network and communicate Automatic meshing and routing over radio Apply user-defined business logic Sampling, summarizing, reporting events Form: Node (Processor, Radio, Storage) + Sensors Embedded OS, Networking, Applications Servers and Routers interfacing with Enterprise IT systems IP Infrastructure (Internet or Intranet)

3 Let s Review the IP Benefits The Internet a demonstration of very large scale IP deployment Critical traffic such as voice already running over IP Most industrial (wired) standards support an IP option Future proof architecture and extensive interoperability IP runs over any IP network link wireless (WiFi, 3G, WiMax, ) and wired (Ethernet, Sonet/SDH, serial, ) 6LoWPAN (RFC 4944) defines IP over IEEE End-to-end reliability in addition to link reliability TCP/UDP Transport protocols Established application level data model and services HTTP/HTML/XML/SOAP/REST, Application profiles Established naming, addressing, translation, lookup, discovery Established network architectures for higher-level services NAT, load balancing, caching, mobility Established security Network design and policy determines access, not the technology Authentication, access control, and firewall mechanisms Established network management tools Ping, Traceroute, SNMP, OpenView, NetManager, Ganglia,

4 Open Architecture Applications (Telnet, SSH, SNMP, ) Embedded Web Services (SOAP, XML, REST) Efficient XML Interchange (EXI), Common Information Model TCP (TLS) UDP (DTLS) IP (v4, v6) Routing (RoLL) IP over Foo adaptation layer (6LoWPAN, ) IEEE Ethernet IEEE a/b/g/n/lp WiFi IEEE e, 15.4g PowerLine Communication 4

5 IEEE Physical Layer 868MHz / 915MHz PHY Channel 0 Channels MHz 2.4 GHz PHY MHz 902 MHz Channels MHz 928 MHz 2.4 GHz GHz Frequency Bands of Operation 16 channels in the 2.4GHz ISM band 10 channels in the 915MHz ISM band 1channelintheEuropean868MHzband Transmit Power Capable of at least 1 mw Receiver Sensitivity (Packet Error Rate <1%) GHz band /915 MHz band 5

6 6LoWPAN The First Byte Coexistence with other network protocols over same link Header dispatch (dsp) - understand what s coming Not a LoWPAN frame 0 0 x LoWPAN IPv6 addressing header LoWPAN mesh header Header Dispatch Value LoWPAN fragmentation header 1 1 Dst PAN ID Dst EUI-64 Src PAN ID Src EUI-64 Preamble SPD PHY Header Frame Control Data Seq. Nbr Addressing dsp Network Hdr + Data FCS 6 Octets Octets 6

7 6LoWPAN IPv6 Header Uncompressed IPv6 header 40 Bytes (RFC 2460) LoWPAN_HC1: Compressed Header 1 Byte Uncompressed IPv6 address HC1 Preamble SPD PHY Header Frame Control Data Seq. Nbr Addressing dsp Network Hdr + Data FCS Dst PAN ID Dst EUI-64 Src PAN ID Src EUI-64 7

8 RFC 4944 IPv6 Header Compression IPv6 Header Compression Standard IPv6 header (40 bytes) vs Entire MTU (127 bytes) Often data payload is small, Pay for only what you use By virtue of having joined the same 6LoWPAN network, devices share some state. The IPv6 header values are expected to be common on 6LoWPAN networks, so the HC1 header has been constructed to efficiently compress them from the onset Next header: UDP, TCP, or ICMP in a compressed IPv6 Header Version = IPv6 Traffic Class = 0 Payload Length In header or fragment header Flow Label = 0 Next Header In HC1 byte Source Address Hop Limit = uncompressed Link Local + IID derived from header Destination Address Link Local + IID derived from header 8

9 RFC 4944 Header Compression Examples IEEE header (22 bytes) Dst PAN ID Source EUI B Src PAN ID Source EUI B Compressed IPv6/UDP header (7 bytes) FE80::0217:3B00:1111:2222 -> FE80::0217:3B00:3333:4444 DSP HC1 HC2 Hop Limit UDP ports UDP Cksm Compressed IPv6/UDP header (23 bytes) FE80::0217:3B00:1111:2222 -> FF02::1 DSP HC1 HC2 Hop Limit Destination address (FF02::1) UDP ports UDP Cksm Compressed IPv6/UDP header (31 bytes) DSP HC1 HC2 Hop Limit Source Prefix 2001:0db8:cafe:cafe::/64) Destination Prefix 2001:0db8:beef:beef::/64 Destination IID 0221:1234:5678:6543 UDP ports UDP Cksm 2001:0db8:cafe:cafe:0217:3B00:1111:2222 -> 2001:0db8:beef:beef: 0221:1234:5678:6543 9

10 Self-Configuring IP WSN Max Throughput Latency 10

11 Scaling the IP WSN Max Throughput Latency 11

12 Scaling the IP WSN Max Throughput Latency 12

13 Resiliency of the IP WSN Max Throughput Latency 13

14 Resiliency of the IP WSN Max Throughput Latency 14

15 AR Energy Optimizer Solution Sensing Points Sensing Nodes Infrastructure Data Acquisition WSN Management AC Power Gas Temp, Humidity, Flow, CO2 Water IPpulse IPpower Meshed IP WSN PhyNet Router PhyNet Server IP Infrastructure Data Presentation and Analysis Standard Data API Arch Rock EO Standard Data API Ecosystem Partner App Outdoor Temp, IPthermal PhyNet Router 15 Software connectors ODBC, SNMP, IPMI, IPserial/ModBus WSN Lifecycle Management

16 Deploying an IP sensor node solution TNC Vilnius Alain Bidaud - 03/06/2010

17 Who we are CRIHAN CRIHAN : Computer Ressource Center in Normandy (France) we provide IT services mainly for the educational and research community at a regional scale high speed and advanced network connectivity HPC clusters applications services operating datacenters for nearly 20 years started with small open space equipped with raised floor up to 150 sqm datacenters and it is growing all the time (+250 sqm datacenter) 2

18 Operating datacenters Main issues As the dacenter grows power and cooling capacities are usually limited Our green approach we can t keep the datacenters from growing so we try to do more with the same amount of energy this is called optimization What is needed? as you would do for network optimization you have to gather metrics we need to gather environmental metrics temperature, power consumption 3

19 Environmental metrics Gather data Our current building was built 10 years ago no green approach at the time of build limited and proprietary metering system (no external connectors) Needs non intrusive system IP based with external connectors to correlate data Solution ArchRock Energy Optimizer Solution 4

20 Installation Wireless probes Wireless probes no need to connect metrics devices to physical network infrastructure you usually don t have network connectivity in these part of your building We started with power metrics nodes goal : wich devices are the most power consuming 5

21 Data Areo appliance Data gets collected from the IP Power node use of an appliance to gather data automaticaly computes many metrics Web based interface 6

22 Example 7

23 What we use it for Use cases Tracking power budget try to anticipate power expenses IT staff usually don t say when new ressources gets online (mainly big ones) Capacity planning do I have enough power in the rack when I install new servers Optimization if I increase temperature in the datacenters the fan speed on my servers will increase will I save power? 8

24 What we plan to do Future use Temperature probes detect hot points optimize site planning New datacenter install metrics node at the time of building Optimize ressource utilisation can we power off part of our HPC cluster depending on external environmental probes 9

25 Centre de Ressources Informatique de Haute-Normandie

26 BACKUP 16

27 Arch Rock Corporation Headquarter: San Francisco, CA Founded 2005 Energy visibility, measurement, and management IP Wireless sensors IP mesh network / 6LoWPAN PhyNet IP WSN management, Data Storage, Open API Energy Optimizer Visualization and Analytics 17

28 Arch Rock System Components Dashboard and Analytics Energy Optimizer Portal Real-Time Energy, Budgets, Environmental Integrity, Capacity Optimization PhyNet Routers Interconnects wireless sensor nodes with the Enterprise IP network Intranet IPthermal IPpressure IPchiller IPserial IPpower-300 IPpower-1800 IPpulse IPCO2 18 Multi-point Temperature Stratification Static Room Dynamic Floor Dynamic Row Pressure BTU Meter, Chill Water Flow, Temperature Wireless Modbus Serial Interface Legacy Sensor Interface Watt-Hour Meters - Single/Three Phase Low(3 ckts) high density (18ckts) Mains, PDU, Rack, HVAC, Chiller

29 AREO Architecture 19

30 Eliminate Energy Waste by Sensing and Informing Cutting energy spending Ongoing resource reduction translates to real, substantial savings Leveraging utility tariffs Time-of-use, demand ratchet avoidance, demand/response readiness Extending life of facilities Leverage the complete potential of existing power or cooling capacity Complying with mandates US (EISA 07, EPAct 05), CA (AB32), DE (DIN 15603), FR (HQE) Achieving certifications Ongoing adherence to building standards: EnergyStar, EU Code of Conduct, Committing to sustainability Brand strength, stake-holder loyalty and cultivation of goodwill 20

31 RFC 4944 Compressed IPv6 Header LoWPAN_HC1: Compressed Header 1 Byte Hop Limit 1 Byte can t be compressed a=ipv6 source address (bits 0-1), b=ipv6 destination address (bits 2-3) IPv6 Prefix Carried-in-line/compressed, Interface Identifier Carried-in-line/Elided c=traffic Class and Flow Label (bit 4): 0-compressed, 1=Traffic class and Flow label = 0 d=next Header (bits 5-6): 00=Not compressed, 10=ICMP, 01=UDP, 11=TCP e=hc2 encoding (bit 7): 0=no more compression header, 1= HC2, type determined by d LoWPAN_HC1 a a b b c d d e Zero or more uncompressed fields follow in order Preamble SPD PHY Header Frame Control Data Seq. Nbr Addressing dsp Network Hdr + Data FCS Dst PAN ID Dst EUI-64 Src PAN ID Src EUI-64 21

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