How to Contact Us. Warranty. How to Get Support. Trademark Credits

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2 Copyright 2. All rights reserved. Intraplex T1 Access Server Installation and Operation Manual Reproduction, adaptation, or translation without prior written permission is prohibited, except as allowed under the copyright laws. Warranty The information contained in this document is subject to change without notice. Intraplex makes no warranty of any kind with regard to this material, including, but not limited to, the implied warranties of merchantability and fitness for a particular purpose. Harris shall not be liable for errors contained herein or for incidental or consequential damage in connection with the furnishing, performance, or use of this material. How to Contact Us 59 Porter Road Littleton, Massachusetts USA Phone: Fax: sales@intraplex.com Web: How to Get Support If you have a technical question or issue with your Intraplex equipment, please check our customer support on our web site. You can also send to: support@intraplex.com Trademark Credits IntraGuide, IntraLink, SecureLink, SynchroCast, and SECURENET is a trademark of Motorola, Inc. OutBack are trademarks of Intraplex, Inc. Other trademarks are the property of their respective owners.

3 Table of Contents 1. Introduction Overview Manual Scope How to Use This Manual Multiplexer Configurations Multiplexer Component Parts CM-5 User Interface Function Groups and the Configuration Switches Indicators Installation and Wiring Overview Tools and Cables Required Unpacking and Inspecting ACS-16 Equipment Installing the Multiplexer Installing a Redundant Power Supply Wiring Procedures MA-215 and MA-217B Module Adapters Input/Bias Switches Connecting T1 Circuit(s) Connecting a Channel Service Unit Using the ACS-16 with the Integrated CSU Wiring the External Timing Connectors (Optional) Wiring the Remote Port (Optional) Wiring Power and Alarm Connections Applying Power

4 iv Table of Contents 3. Multiplexer Setup Overview Using a Channel Service Unit (CSU) CM-5 Basic Configuration Group Menu CM-5 Advanced Configuration Group Menu T1 Transmitter Timing (TIME Group) Primary vs. Fallback Timing Timing Status Indicators Timing Status Functions When To Use Each Timing Mode Synchronized T1 Systems Frame-Synchronized T1 Systems T1 Frame Format and Line Code (TSEL Group) CSU Configuration Framing and Line Code Configuration Installing and Configuring Redundant CM-5s Introduction Overview Installation of Redundant Modules Remote Control of Redundant CM-5s Functional Description CM-5TD Time Delay Common Modules Network Management Integrated time delay - CM-5TD (optional) CM-5TD Setup Operation T1 Fiber Optic Interface Adapters Introduction Installation ALERT Indicator Switch Settings Remote Control Interface Specifications Channel Module Overview Overview Introduction to Intraplex Channel Modules Channel Module Types

5 Table of Contents v Simplex vs. Duplex Channel Modules Channel Modules in Point-to-Point versus Point-to-Multipoint Circuits Relationship Between Circuits and Time Slots Channel Module Configuration Guidelines Physical Slots Time Slots Channel Module Communication Direction Power Available for Channel Modules Adding Channel Modules to Existing Systems Testing and Troubleshooting Overview Recommended Tools and Equipment ACS-16 Series Monitor & Control Features Diagnostic Functions Using T1 Loopbacks (LPBK Group) The Meaning of Blinking Indicators (BLNK Group) Reviewing Performance Data (RVU1 Group) Other Diagnostic Data (DIAG Group) Alerts & Alarms System Check-Out Procedures Testing a Terminal Multiplexer Testing a Drop/Insert Multiplexer Using Test Equipment With an ACS-16 System T1 Test Jacks Using T1 Test Equipment to Perform In-Service Tests Using T1 Test Equipment to Perform Out-of-Service Tests Using Analog or Data Test Equipment to Perform Channel Tests Troubleshooting Trouble Types Troubleshooting Guidelines Typical Troubleshooting Procedure Alerts and Alarms

6 vi Table of Contents 6. Functional Description Overview Component Functionality The Main Equipment Shelf and the Motherboard CM-5 Common Modules CM-5 User Interface Power Supply Modules Channel Modules Module Adapters System Functionality T1 Digital Transmission Terminal Multiplexers Point-to-Point Systems Drop/Insert Multiplexers (ACS-165 and ACS-168) Drop/Insert Systems Remote Control Operation Overview The Remote Port Hardware and Protocol Issues Configuring the Remote Port ISiCL Command Line Format Address Field Subaddress Field Command Field Parameter Field Comment Field Allowable Characters General Format of ISiCL Responses Shelf-Level and Common Module Remote Access Using the LOCK and UNLOCK Commands Determining the Alert/Alarm Status of a Multiplexer Determining the Configuration of a Common Module Changing Common Module Setup Parameters Channel Module Remote Access Determining the Status of a Channel Module Determining the Configuration of a Channel Module Changing the Configuration of a Channel Module

7 Table of Contents vii Examples of Channel Card Remote Configuration CONFIG? Responses - Channel Module Alarms CSU Functions Introduction to CSU Line Performance Statistics Selecting a CSU Line Performance Statistics Standard Accessing and Evaluating CSU Line Performance Statistics Configuring the CM-5TD Delay Feature Service Command P Codes S Codes Operation Changing the delay setting using the RS-232 remote port Changing the delay setting using the RS-422 control port Network Management Communications Introduction Common Module Network Configuration Network Topologies IntraGuide Software Online Help Getting Started Hardware Requirements Connections Serial Protocols Sample Configurations Using IntraGuide Specifications T1 Outputs T1 Inputs Timing User Interface Remote Monitoring and Control Diagnostics Alert and Alarm Reporting Performance Monitoring Channel Modules

8 viii Table of Contents 8.1 Power Power Supply Modules for Three-Rack Unit (3RU) Shelf Power Supply Modules for One-Rack-Unit (1RU) Shelf Signaling and Ringing Generator Inputs Environmental Physical Index I-1

9 Section 1 Introduction What is in this section? 1.1 Overview Manual Scope How to Use This Manual Multiplexer Configurations Multiplexer Component Parts CM-5 User Interface

10 1-2 Introduction Overview 1.1 Overview The Intraplex ACS-16 Series is a family of digital time division multiplexers designed to transport multiple voice, data, high fidelity program audio, and other types of payload channels within a standard Mbps T1 circuit. ACS-16 Series multiplexers are available in terminal, dual terminal, and drop/insert configurations, to support point-to-point, point-to-multipoint, and other network topologies. Key ACS-16 Series features include: proprietary robust framing algorithm optimized to maintain operation in poor transmission environments versatile system timing options to facilitate connection to almost any network reliability, small size, low power consumption, and configuration flexibility compliance with ANSI SF (D4) and ESF T1 frame formats support for both B8ZS and AMI T1 line codes byte-formatted time-division multiplexing for compatibility with local exchange and inter-exchange carrier digital crossconnect switches (DCS) optional fiber optic interface (see Section 3.9, T1 Fiber Optic Interface Adapters, on page 3-35 for details) convenient built-in diagnostic capability remote access for control and status monitoring integrated channel service unit (CSU) compliant with ANSI T1.43 and AT&T TR5416 (MA-215) reporting of near and far end line performance statistics integrated digital time delay option optional redundant power supply capability for 3RU systems integrated redundant common module capability wideband data, synchronous and asynchronous data, voice, and high fidelity program audio channel modules

11 Introduction Manual Scope Manual Scope This manual is the primary reference covering the configuration, installation, operation, and troubleshooting of Intraplex ACS-16 Series T1 Multiplexers. If you have any questions on the operation of your Intraplex system for which you cannot find the answers in this manual, please call Intraplex Customer Service at (978) How to Use This Manual If you need information on a specific topic, refer to the Index located on page I-1. For general information, use the following guidelines: Readers Unfamiliar with the ACS-16 Series. You can use this manual as a tutorial by reading or skimming all sections in order. Installers. If you are already familiar with the ACS-16 Series, go directly to Section 2, Installation and Wiring for step-by-step installation instructions. Otherwise, we recommend that you read at least the rest of this introductory section before beginning. Transmission and Planning Engineers. ACS-16 Series configuration guidelines are located in Section 3, Multiplexer Setup and Section 4, Channel Module Overview. T1 input/output, power, and other specifications appear in Section 8, Specifications. Maintenance Technicians. If you are already familiar with the ACS-16 Series then go directly to Section 5, Testing and Troubleshooting, for test procedures and troubleshooting guidelines. Otherwise, we recommend that you review Sections 1, 2, 3, 4, and 6 before proceeding to Section 5. As shipped configuration sheets for this multiplexer are located in the front pocket of this binder. Test procedures for the specific channel module shipped with this system can be found in Appendix A, Individual Channel Modules. Diagnostic and control access is also available remotely from a PC or other type of computer, or from a dumb terminal. Section 7, Remote Control Operation provides details on using the remote access feature. To make this manual as easy as possible to use, some information is repeated throughout the book.

12 1-4 Introduction Multiplexer Configurations 1.4 Multiplexer Configurations The ACS-16 series comprises six models: ACS-163 3RU T1 terminal multiplexer ACS-165 3RU T1 drop & insert multiplexer ACS-166 3RU T1 dual terminal multiplexer ACS-167 1RU T1 terminal multiplexer ACS-168 1RU T1 drop/insert multiplexer ACS-169 1RU T1 dual multiplexer All ACS-16 Series multiplexers are rack-mountable in EIA standard 19" racks. Full size, 3RU shelves (ACS-163, ACS-165, and ACS-166) are 5¼" high (Figure 1-1 on page 1-5). Compact, 1RU shelves (ACS-167, ACS-168, and ACS-169) are 1¾" high (Figure 1-2 on page 1-5). The 1RU versions perform the same functions as their 3RU counterparts, but differ in the number of channel modules they can accommodate, the type of power supply used, the physical orientation of the modules in the shelf, and the connection points for alarm relays and a ring generator. These differences are pointed out throughout this manual in the appropriate sections. The ACS-163 and ACS-167 terminal multiplexers each terminate one T1 circuit. The ACS-165 and ACS-168 each terminate two T1 circuits and allow channels to pass between the two circuits as well as to terminate at the multiplexer. The ACS-166 and ACS-169 each provide two T1 terminal multiplexers in a single shelf. They share the same power supply and alarm reporting system, but are otherwise independent; there is no communication between the two T1 circuits. Unless otherwise specified, all references to the ACS-163 also apply to the ACS-167, all references to the ACS-165 also apply to the ACS-168, and all references to the ACS-166 also apply to the ACS-169.

13 Introduction Multiplexer Component Parts 1-5 Figure 1-1 ACS-163, ACS-165, and ACS-166 multiplexers, front view (closed) Figure 1-2 ACS-167, ACS-168, and ACS-169 multiplexers, front view (closed) 1.5 Multiplexer Component Parts Each ACS-16 Series multiplexer is made up of the following components: Main Equipment Shelf: a 19" wide rack-mount shelf, 5¼" high for a 3RU shelf, or 1¾" high for a 1RU shelf. This shelf has slots for plug-in common modules, channel modules, module adapters, and power supplies. Caution: All common modules, channel modules, and power supplies must be inserted so that the white eject tab is at the bottom in a 3RU shelf, and at the right in a 1RU shelf. CM-5 Common Modules: one in a terminal multiplexer, two in a dual terminal or drop/insert multiplexer. Each provides one T1 port. Details of this module are found in Section 1.6, CM-5 User Interface, on page 1-1. If a system is using fiber optics, the CM-5F fiber optic common module is used. For optional time delay capability, the CM-5TD module is used. Channel Modules: one or more, for voice, data, high fidelity audio, and special applications. Each channel module may terminate one or more payload circuits. See Channel Module Overview on page 4-1. Module Adapters: All common and channel modules require module adapters, which insert directly behind each module and provide the circuit connector(s). Every channel module works with at least one type of module adapter, and some channel modules are compatible with several module adapters, each one providing a different type of connector or circuit interface. Each CM-5 common module is normally provided with an MA-215 module adapter. The MA-215 supports common module redundancy and CSU applications. It has an RJ-48C jack for the T1 port. If a system is equipped with a

14 1-6 Introduction Multiplexer Component Parts fiber optic interface, the MA-215 is replaced by a fiber optic interface adapter, as described in Section 3.9, T1 Fiber Optic Interface Adapters, on page An MA-217B module adapter is also available. The MA-217B can employ the CM-5 common module and has a DB-15 connector for the T1 port. Power Supplies: one is always supplied, and a second may be added in 3RU shelf systems for power supply redundancy. (A redundant power supply cannot be installed in a 1RU shelf.) Standard power supplies for both 1RU and 3RU shelves are 6-watt, 155 or 23VAC. There are also 5-watt supplies for 3RU shelves, in -48VDC, +24VDC and -24VDC versions. Intraplex also produces optional 1-watt supplies for use in 3RU shelves with high power requirements. (Power requirements are determined by the type and number of channel modules in the multiplexer, as described in Section 4.3.4, Power Available for Channel Modules, on page 4-8. Section 8, Specifications includes a listing of Intraplex power supplies.) The physical placement of the ACS-16 components in the equipment shelf are shown in Figure 1-3 below through Figure 1-14 on page 1-1. Figure 1-3 Front (open) view of an ACS physical slots available for channel modules Power supply CM-5

15 Introduction Multiplexer Component Parts 1-7 Figure 1-4 Front (open) view of an ACS-165 Power supply DI-A CM-5 DI-B CM-5 16 slots for channel modules Figure 1-5 Front (open) view of an ACS slots for channel modules First CM-5 Second CM-5 Figure 1-6 Main power supply Front (open) view of an ACS-167 Five slots for channel modules CM-5

16 1-8 Introduction Multiplexer Component Parts Figure 1-7 Front (open) view of an ACS-168 DI-B CM-5 DI-A CM-5 Four slots for channel modules Figure 1-8 Front (open) view of an ACS-169 The top CM-5 controls these channel modules Two CM-5s (ACS-169 only) The bottom CM-5 controls these channel modules Figure 1-9 Rear view of an equipped ACS-163 Module adapters for channel modules MA-215 for CM-5 Terminal strip 1 (DC power and ring generator) Terminal strip 2 (alert and alarm relays) AC power in

17 Introduction Multiplexer Component Parts 1-9 Figure 1-1 Rear view of an ACS-165 MA-215 for each CM-5 Figure 1-11 Rear view of an ACS-166 MA-215 for second CM-5 MA-215 for first CM-5 Figure 1-12 Rear view of an ACS-167 Connector for alarm out, signal battery and ring generator input MA-215 for CM-5 AC power in

18 1-1 Introduction CM-5 User Interface Figure 1-13 Rear view of an ACS-168 MA-215 for DI-B CM-5 MA-215 for DI-A CM-5 Figure 1-14 Rear view of an ACS-169 MA-215 for second CM-5 Bottom CM-5 controls these channel modules MA-215 for first CM-5 Top CM-5 controls these channel modules 1.6 CM-5 User Interface This section describes the local user interface to the ACS-16 Series multiplexers. For details on using the remote interface, see Section 7, Remote Control Operation. The jacks, switches and indicators on the CM-5 common module form the primary user interface for the ACS-16 Series (see Figure 1-15 on page 1-11). These fall into three basic categories: Test access: The left side of the module contains T1 input and output test jacks. Configuration: The center section contains four items that work together to enable the user to view and change operational parameters of the CM-5. These are the GROUP and SET/NEXT switches, a four-character alphanumeric display for abbreviated group and function names, and a bi-level indicator (green on top, red on the bottom) that indicates whether the function shown on the display is currently active. Status Monitoring: On the right side of the module are twelve indicators for T1 status, primary timing status, loopback activity, and CPU activity.

19 Introduction CM-5 User Interface 1-11 Figure 1-15 Front view of CM-5 Note: Because CM-5 modules install vertically in 3RU shelves, "up" and "down" on the toggle switches actually refer to the user's right and left respectively in an ACS-163, ACS-165, or ACS-166 (Figure 1-16). Figure 1-16 Using the GROUP and SET/NEXT switches in a 3RU shelf Down Up

20 1-12 Introduction CM-5 User Interface Function Groups and the Configuration Switches The user-accessible CM-5 functions are organized into groups. These function groups include setup options such as SF and ESF (frame formats), current status conditions such as receiving all ones, and informational items such as the CM-5 firmware revision. The groups are accessed from two different configuration group menus. Basic configuration. This group menu provides the settings used in most configuration setups. A detailed explanation of the menu settings is provided in Section 3.3, CM-5 Basic Configuration Group Menu, on page 3-2. Advanced configuration. This group menu is used for controlling CM-5TD functions and other specialized applications that rarely need adjustment in most systems. A detailed explanation of the menu settings is provided in Section 3.4, CM-5 Advanced Configuration Group Menu, on page Displaying CM-5 Functions When the CM-5 display is blank or when a function is displayed, press down on the GROUP toggle switch to view the name of the currently selected group. Once the current group name is displayed, press down on the GROUP switch again to select the next group or press up to select the previous group, until the desired group is displayed. Press down on the SET/NEXT switch to display the first function in the currently selected group. Once a function appears, press down on the SET/NEXT switch repeatedly until the desired function is displayed. The bi-level indicator to the right of the function display indicates the status of the currently displayed function. If the top (green) part of the bi-level indicator is lit, then this function is active. If the bottom (red) part of the bi-level indicator is on, the function is not active Setting CM-5 Functions To turn on a function that is not currently active, press up twice on the SET/NEXT switch while that function is on the display. Pressing up once causes the top (green) section of the bi-level indicator to blink, indicating that a setup change will take place if the SET/NEXT switch is pressed up again. Actually pressing up on the SET/NEXT switch a second time causes the green indicator to turn on continuously, indicating that the selected setup parameter has been changed to the currently displayed setting. If a function is already active, then pressing up on the SET/NEXT switch again causes no status or setup changes. For example, if the display shows ESF while frame format is set to SF, then the red indicator will be on. Pressing up on the SET/NEXT switch once will cause the top (green) indicator to blink. Pressing up on the SET/NEXT switch a second time will actually change the current T1 framing format from SF to ESF - the red indicator goes out, and the green indicator stays on steadily. It is important to note that some setup functions are mutually exclusive; activating one function will automatically deactivate another. Examples include line code

21 Introduction CM-5 User Interface 1-13 (you can set line code to AMI or B8ZS but not both) and frame format (you can set frame format to SF or ESF but not both). Other functions are not mutually exclusive. For example, CM-5 Line (LnLB) and Equipment (EqLB) loopbacks in the LPBK group may be activated at the same time Indicators In addition to the indicators on the CM-5, four system status indicators are located on the power supply, and are visible when the front cover of the shelf is closed (shown in Figure 1-1 and Figure 1-2 on page 1-5). Table 1-1 summarizes the meaning of the indicators on both the CM-5 and the power supply. For more detailed descriptions of their functions, see Section , Indicators on the CM-5 Module, on page 6-12, and Section , Supply Fail Indicators, on page Table 1-1 Summary of status indicators Indicator (location) Label Color When lit, indicates: T1 Status (CM-5) TX OUT Green Transmit output is detected RX IN Green Receive input is detected. Blinks steadily when the receive input signal is all ones, a yellow alarm, or has excess jitter. This indicator may blink erratically if there is noise on the line. ERR Yellow Errors detected BPV Yellow Bipolar violations are detected FRM Red T1 signal is out of frame or no signal is being received YEL Yellow Yellow alarm AIS Yellow Alarm Indication Signal (AIS) Timing (CM-5) LOOP Green Loop timing is active (through timing on a drop/insert multiplexer) INT Green Internal timing is active EXT Green External timing is active System LPBK Yellow Any internal loopback is active Status (CM-5) CPU Red The CM-5 central processing unit has failed System Status (CM-5) LPBK Yellow Any internal loopback is active CPU Red The CM-5 central processing unit has failed

22 1-14 Introduction CM-5 User Interface Table 1-1 Summary of status indicators (continued) Indicator (location) Label Color When lit, indicates: System Status (power supply) POWER Green The multiplexer is powered NORMAL Green No alert or alarm is present ALERT Yellow An alert condition exists ALARM Red An alarm condition exists. Alert and alarm conditions are defined in Section 5.7, Troubleshooting, on page 5-26

23 Section 2 Installation and Wiring What is in this section? 2.1 Overview Tools and Cables Required Unpacking and Inspecting ACS-16 Equipment Installing the Multiplexer Wiring Procedures MA-215 and MA-217B Module Adapters Connecting T1 Circuit(s) Applying Power

24 2-2 Installation and Wiring Overview 2.1 Overview This section describes the general ACS-16 Series installation procedure, which consists of four parts: 1. Unpacking and inspecting the ACS-16 equipment 2. Installing the multiplexer shelves 3. Wiring the power and signal connectors 4. Applying power 2.2 Tools and Cables Required In addition to the Intraplex equipment provided, the following items are necessary to complete this installation: basic telecommunications installation tool kit (screwdrivers, wire stripper, etc.) rack mounting hardware (four bolts per shelf) one four-wire shielded cable with RJ-48C connectors (one male end, one female end) for each T1 port normally, T1 connecting cables may run up to 15 feet in length. If your installation requires a longer cable, please contact Intraplex Customer Service for a recommendation cables for each payload channel RS-232, RS-449, and/or V.35 for data channels between the multiplexer and DTE equipment, gauge wire for program audio channels, and RJ-11 or 5-pin telco for voice Note: All payload channels connect to the multiplexer via module adapters that plug in at the rear of the shelf. The individual channel module manuals in Appendix A provide detailed descriptions of the module adapter(s) and cable requirements for the modules shipped with this system. if the shelf is DC powered, gauge wire for power connection (an AC power cable is included if the shelf is AC powered) optional: one unshielded cable for each remote port, if you wish to use the remote access and control feature (see Section on page 2-13). For an MA-215, the multiplexer end of the cable will need an RJ-11 connector optional: timing cable, if external timing input or output is required. For an MA-215, the multiplexer end of each cable must have an RJ-11 connector (see Section on page 2-12) optional: volt-ohm meter (VOM)

25 Installation and Wiring Unpacking and Inspecting ACS-16 Equipment Unpacking and Inspecting ACS-16 Equipment Upon receiving the equipment: 1. Inspect all shipping cartons for damage. If damage is observed, notify the shipper as soon as possible. 2. Unpack all equipment. 3. Inspect equipment for damage. 4. Verify that the multiplexers are equipped as expected. If you have any questions regarding possible equipment damage or shipping errors, please contact Intraplex Customer Service at (978) Caution: Follow all of your company's rules regarding AC or DC powered equipment installation. If there is a conflict between any procedure in this manual and your company's safety rules, then your company's safety rules must take priority. 2.4 Installing the Multiplexer ACS-16 Series multiplexers are normally shipped pre-configured, with common and channel modules already installed. All modules and module adapters can remain in place while bolting each shelf into its equipment rack. 1. Make sure all modules and module adapters are seated properly. 2. Bolt the shelf into its equipment rack. Note: If the shelf is AC-powered, make sure that the power cable will be accessible for maintenance purposes Installing a Redundant Power Supply Each 3RU Intraplex shelf can contain a second power supply for redundancy. If the main supply fails, the system will continue operating using the redundant supply. Simply insert the second power supply into the redundant supply slot on the front (its indicators will light up identically to those on the main supply). Due to space limitations, 1RU shelves do not have the capacity for redundant power supplies. Power supply modules require no special setup. As long as they are plugged into their slots and system power is applied, they are operating. If a 3RU shelf is equipped with two power supplies (main and redundant) and one of the supplies fails, it may be removed and a new supply inserted without powering down the system.

26 2-4 Installation and Wiring Wiring Procedures 2.5 Wiring Procedures The following procedures assume that the multiplexers are completely wired before placing into service any T1 or payload circuit. Figure 2-1 on page 2-5 and Figure 2-2 on page 2-6 identify the rear panel connectors for the 3RU and 1RU equipment shelves, respectively. On some multiplexers, the CM-5 may be equipped with an MA-217B module adapter instead of an MA-215. Both the MA-215 and MA-217B provide T1, remote port, and timing connectors. However, the MA-215 has an RJ-48C connector for the T1 circuit, and the MA-217B has a DB-15 connector for the T1 circuit. Figure 2-2 and Figure 2-3 on page 2-6 illustrate these differences and define the pin locations on both module adapter connectors. Note: Additional information on the MA-215 and MA-217B is found in Section 2.6 on page 2-7. Unless otherwise indicated, all references to the MA-215 will also apply to the MA-217B.

27 Installation and Wiring Wiring Procedures 2-5 Figure 2-1 Rear panel connectors on an ACS-165 using MA-215 module adapters Terminal strip 1 (DC power and ring generator) Terminal strip 2 (alert and alarm relays) MA-215 for DI-B CM-5 MA-215 for DI-A CM-5 Blank plate covering access to the expansion connectors AC power in (replaced by a blank plate if the shelf is DC powered)

28 2-6 Installation and Wiring Wiring Procedures Figure 2-2 Rear panel connectors on an ACS-168 using MA-217B module adapters MA-217B for DI-B CM-5 Connector for alarm signal battery and ring generator Available slots for module adapters MA-217B for DI-A CM-5 AC power input Figure 2-3 Connectors and pin locations on the MA-215 and MA-217B RJ-48C DB-15 E1 signal connectors RJ-11 Clock timing input Clock timing output RJ-11 Remote control port

29 Installation and Wiring MA-215 and MA-217B Module Adapters MA-215 and MA-217B Module Adapters A CM-5 equipped with an MA-215 or MA-217B module adapter provides for connectivity with a channel service unit (CSU). Figure 2-4 shows the top and faceplate of the MA-215 and the faceplate of the MA-217B (the top of the MA-217B looks nearly identical to the MA-215 with the exception of the DB-15 jack. Table 2-1 describes the MA-215 and MA-217B components and where to find information for each. Figure 2-4 MA-215 and MA-217B module adapter views Table 2-1 MA-215 and MA-217B module adapter components Component SW1 SW2 JP1 JP2 J1 Description Input/Bias switches: see Table 2-2 on page 2-8 for settings Operating mode: see Figure 2-4 for switch settings Not used Common module redundancy: see Section 3.7, Installing and Configuring Redundant CM-5s, on page 3-26 T1 network port: see Table 2-4 and Table 2-5 on page 2-11 for pin assignments

30 2-8 Installation and Wiring MA-215 and MA-217B Module Adapters Table 2-1 MA-215 and MA-217B module adapter components (continued) Component J2 J3 J4 Description Remote port: see Table 2-8 on page 2-14 for pin assignments External timing in port: see Table 2-6 on page 2-13 for pin assignments External timing out port: see Table 2-7 on page 2-13 for pin assignments Input/Bias Switches SW1 on the MA-215/MA-217B configures the following functions: RS-485 remote port bias RS-485 remote port termination external timing input impedance optional delay input impedance These functions are controlled by the positions of the SW1 DIP switches (see Figure 2-4 on page 2-7). Table 2-2 lists the switches and their functions. Switch Table 2-2 Factory Default MA-215/MA-217B SW1 functions Description 1 and 2 On These two switches control the bias of the RS-485 portion of the remote port (used for daisy chaining remote ports). These switches normally should be in the on (bias) position. When daisy chaining, one module adapter in the chain should have these switches on, and the others should be off 3 On This switch controls the termination impedance (12 ohms) for the RS-485 portion of the remote port. This switch should normally be in the on position. When daisy chaining, the last multiplexer in the chain should have this switch on, and the others should be off 4 On This switch controls the external timing input impedance (12 ohms; TIMING IN port). This switch is normally set to on. When daisy chaining, the last multiplexer in the chain should have this switch on, and the others should be off 5 On This switch controls the input impedance (12 ohms) when using the optional time delay capability. It is normally set to on 6 On Not used

31 Installation and Wiring Connecting T1 Circuit(s) Connecting T1 Circuit(s) Connecting a Channel Service Unit If your multiplexer will be connected to a T1 line leased from a telephone company, a channel service unit (CSU) is required at each end of the circuit. The T1 output of the multiplexer connects to the CSU, which converts it into the appropriate format for transmission to the telephone company central office. The ACS-16 with the CM-5 common module and the MA-215 module adapter has an ANSI T1.43 and AT&T TR5416-compliant CSU built-in. This feature eliminates the need for an external CSU and allows you to connect a T1 directly to your ACS-16. See the appropriate section below for your CSU configuration Using the ACS-16 with the Integrated CSU Connect your T1 line to the MA-215 on the ACS-16 using an RJ-48C connector. The MA-215 is properly configured at the factory and no change is necessary for connection to a T1 line. Figure 2-5 shows the pin 1 and 8 orientation for the MA-215 and the RJ-48C connector. Figure 2-5 MA-215 T1 port and RJ-48C connector pin orientation Configuring the Integrated CSU The integrated CSU is pre-configured at the factory and normally does not need additional options set. See Section , Displaying and Changing Items in the Basic Configuration Group, on page 3-3 for information on setting different options.

32 2-1 Installation and Wiring Connecting T1 Circuit(s) Line Build Out When using the ACS-16 s integrated CSU, you must configure the line build out (LBO) according to the specifications from your T1 service provider. Configure the CM-5 using the Configuration Group as described below. The factory default is DSX. 1. On the CM-5, press down repeatedly on the GROUP switch until the display reads TSEL. 2. Press down repeatedly on the SET/NEXT switch until the display reads TLBO. Notice that TLBO is underscored. This indicates an additional subgroup. 3. Press up once on the SET/NEXT switch to display DSX, which is the first of eight TLBO options (DSX, 2', 333', 467', 595', 7dB, 15dB, and exit). The actual settings, shown in table,differ from the settings that are displayed. Table 2-3 Actual CSU line build-out settings Display DSX 7db 15db Actual Setting db ( to 133 ft) -7.5dB -15dB 4. Press down repeatedly on the SET/NEXT switch until the display reads the line build out specified by your T1 provider. 5. Press up twice on the SET/NEXT switch. After the first press the green (top) indicator blinks, signifying that a change is about to be made. After the second press it turns on continuously, indicating that your selection for the line build out is active Wiring the ACS-16 with Integrated CSU to the T1 On a drop and insert multiplexer, wire the T1 circuits intended for DI-A and DI-B to the MA-215 behind the CM-5 modules designated as DI-A (physical slot 1) and DI-B (physical slot 2) respectively. On an ACS-166, the CM-5 modules for the two independent terminals are located in physical slots 1 and 1. On an ACS-169, the CM-5 modules are located in physical slots 3 and 4. The T1 circuit can be wired to the T1 I/O connector (DB-15) on the MA-217B or the T1 I/O connector (RJ-48C) in the MA-215. Table 2-5 on page 2-11 lists the pin assignments for the T1 I/O (DB-15) connector for the MA-217B. Table 2-4 on page 2-11 lists the pin assignments for the T1 I/O (RJ-48C) connector for the MA-215.

33 Installation and Wiring Connecting T1 Circuit(s) 2-11 Figure 2-6 on page 2-11 illustrates the normal connections between the T1 I/O connector on an MA-215 and the T1 I/O connector on a channel service unit (CSU). Table 2-4 Pin assignments of the T1 I/O connector on the MA-215 Connector (RJ-48C) Pin Description 1 Receive from network, tip 2 Receive from network, ring 3 Not used 4 Send towards network, ring 5 Send towards network, tip 6 Not used 7 Frame ground (transmit) 8 Frame ground (receive) Table 2-5 Pin assignments of the T1 I/O connector on the MA-217B Connector (DB-15) Pins Label Description 1 (Tip) and 9 (Ring) 3 (Tip) and 11 (Ring) T1 (Tip) R1 (Ring) T1 (Tip) R1 (Ring) T1 Out. The balanced T1 output of the corresponding CM-5 T1 In. The balanced T1 input of the corresponding CM-5 2, 4, 8 & 1 T1 signal grounds. These pins may be used to provide signal ground to an external DCE such as a T1 CSU All other pins Not used Figure 2-6 Connecting the T1 circuit between an MA-215 and a CSU

34 2-12 Installation and Wiring Connecting T1 Circuit(s) Figure 2-7 illustrates the normal connections between the T1 I/O connector on an MA-216 and the T1 I/O connector on a channel service unit (CSU). Figure 2-7 Connecting the T1 circuit between an MA-217B and a CSU Caution: The multiplexer and the CSU must both be set to use the same T1 frame format (ESF or SF) and line coding (B8ZS or AMI) Wiring the External Timing Connectors (Optional) The MA-215 and MA-217B modules both provide RJ-11 ports for timing input and output. Timing Out is a balanced MHz RS-422/RS-485 output from the corresponding CM-5 that may be used as an external T1 timing source by other equipment. Timing In is a balanced MHz RS-422/RS-485 input to the corresponding CM-5 that may be connected to an external T1 timing source. The CM-5 will synchronize to this source only if the module timing is set to EXT. These jacks may also be used to daisy-chain several multiplexers together and synchronize them all to the same clock. This application is illustrated in Section 3-9, Multiple systems synchronized to a common timing source, on page The external timing input connection for the MA-215 and MA-217B is outlined in Table 2-6 on page 2-13.

35 Installation and Wiring Connecting T1 Circuit(s) 2-13 Table 2-6 Pin assignments for the MA-215/MA-217B external timing in port Connector Pin Description 1 External primary timing in positive (+) 2 External primary timing in negative (-) 3 External timing source select 4 Signal ground 5 External secondary timing in positive (+) or CM-5TD time delay control in positive (+) 6 External secondary timing in negative (-) or CM-5TD time delay control in negative (-) The external timing output connections for the MA-215 and MA-217B is outlined in Table 2-7. Table 2-7 Pin assignments for the MA-215/MA-217B timing out port Connector Pin Description 1 External timing out positive (+) 2 External timing out negative (-) 3 Signal ground 4 Signal ground 5 Auxiliary positive (+) not defined 6 Auxiliary negative (-) not defined Wiring the Remote Port (Optional) To take advantage of the optional remote monitoring and control feature of ACS-16 Series multiplexers, connect a PC or ASCII terminal to the remote port on the MA-215 or MA-217B. Connection to the remote port can be made either by direct wiring, or via a dial-up circuit using a modem. These options are described in Section 7, Remote Control Operation. Intraplex can provide a cable and adapter (RJ-11 to DB-9) for PC to common module port connections. Both the MA-215 and MA-217B modules use an RJ-11 jack for the remote port. The pin assignments are illustrated in Table 2-8 below. When connecting the remote port to a modem, use a null modem cable (a null modem cable provides a standard RS-232 DCE to DCE connection). On a dual terminal or drop and insert multiplexer, each CM-5 is controlled from the remote port on its corresponding module adapter, so each must be connected

36 2-14 Installation and Wiring Connecting T1 Circuit(s) separately. For a dial-up connection, a code-operated switch may be used to control both CM-5 modules via a single dial-up line. Table 2-8 Pin assignments for the MA-215/MA-217B remote port Connector Pin Description 1 RS-485 negative (-) 2 RS-232 transmit 3 Not used 4 RS-232 receive 5 Signal ground 6 RS-485 positive (+)

37 Installation and Wiring Connecting T1 Circuit(s) Wiring Power and Alarm Connections Table 2-9 on page 2-16 defines the power and alarm terminals on a 3RU shelf, and lists the equivalent connection points on a 1RU shelf (these equivalents are pins of the DB-15 alarms connector). Figure 2-8, Figure 2-9, and Figure 2-1 on page 2-18 illustrate the typical power connections to a 3RU shelf. Figure 2-11 on page 2-18 illustrates the typical connections to a 1RU shelf. Use the following procedure to make connections for power and alarms. Each instruction in this procedure gives the connection for a 3RU shelf, followed by the equivalent connection for a 1RU shelf (in parentheses) if it is different. 1. Connect the GND screw (pin 13 of the Alarms connector on a 1RU shelf) to station ground. 2. If the shelf is AC-powered, verify that the AC cord is available. Do not plug the cord into the AC source yet. 3. If the shelf is DC-powered: 3a. Verify that a 2A slow-blow external fuse is available in the DC-power line to protect the multiplexer. Remove this fuse and do not replace it until you are ready to power up the shelf. Caution: This fuse must be provided, both to protect the multiplexer and to provide a safe means of removing power from a DC-powered shelf. 3b. Connect the -BAT terminal (the black pigtail lead on a 1RU shelf) to the negative terminal of the station battery. 3c. Connect the +BAT terminal (both the green and white pigtail leads on a 1RU shelf) to the positive terminal of the station battery, tied to ground.

38 2-16 Installation and Wiring Connecting T1 Circuit(s) 4. Connect RING GEN (pin 14 on a 1RU shelf) to the external ringing generator or loop current source (optional - this step is necessary only if the shelf contains one or more foreign exchange station end modules, used for automatic ring down or off premises extension). Caution: When using an external ring generator, place a.5a slow-blow fuse in line. For safety reasons, this fuse must be installed unless the back of the multiplexer will be enclosed. 5. Connect SIG BAT (pin 15 on a 1RU shelf) to signaling battery. This step is required only if the shelf contains one or more foreign exchange station end modules, 4-wire E&M voice modules using Type II signaling, or in some cases, foreign exchange office end modules. Check with Intraplex customer service if you are not sure whether this battery is necessary. If the shelf is DC-powered, then a separate signaling battery is not required; connect SIG BAT to -BAT R instead. Caution: Table 2-9 When using a separate signaling battery, place an in-line, slow-blow fuse. The fuse should be 1A for up to 12 voice circuits, or 2A for 13 to 24 circuits. For safety reasons, this fuse must be installed unless the back of the multiplexer is enclosed. 6. If ALARM and ALERT contacts are to be used, connect the desired contacts to terminal strip 2 (pins 1, 2, 3, 4, 9, and 11 on a 1RU shelf). Power and alarm connectors 3RU Shelf Terminal 1RU Shelf Pins a Description GND screw Pin 13 Chassis ground RING GEN Pin 14 Ring generator input for an external ring generator referenced to -48VDC signaling battery input. Connect one side of the ring generator to this point, and the other side to the SIG BAT input CAUTION: The ring generator must be externally fused or its current limited SIG BAT Pin 15-48VDC signaling battery input for connection to an external signaling voltage source when this is needed by one or more channel modules. This input may also be connected to an external loop current generator CAUTION: This voltage source must be externally fused or its current limited +BAT R None Not used on the ACS-16 series -BAT R None Jumper this terminal to SIG BAT in a DC-powered shelf requiring a talk battery

39 Installation and Wiring Connecting T1 Circuit(s) 2-17 Table 2-9 Power and alarm connectors (continued) 3RU Shelf Terminal 1RU Shelf Pins a Description +BAT White lead Battery common (+DC power input) -BAT Black lead Battery (-DC power input) ALARM NO Pin 1 Alarm relay: normally open contact b ALARM NC Pin 2 Alarm relay: normally closed contact b ALERT NO Pin 3 Alert relay: normally open contact b ALERT NC Pin 4 Alert relay: normally closed contact b ALARM COM Pin 9 Alarm relay: common ALERT COM Pin 11 Alert relay: common a. The 1RU shelf equivalents are pins on the DB-15 ALARMS connector. b. When the shelf is not powered, all relays default to their alarm positions. Normally open contacts will be closed and normally closed contacts will be open. Figure 2-8 Connection for DC operation of 3RU systems

40 2-18 Installation and Wiring Connecting T1 Circuit(s) Figure 2-9 Connection for DC operation of a 3RU system with a ring generator Figure 2-1 Connection for AC operation of 3RU system with an external talk battery Figure 2-11 Connection for AC operation of 1RU system with an external talk battery

41 Installation and Wiring Applying Power Applying Power After all equipment has been installed and wired, apply power to each shelf as follows: 1. Verify that all modules (common, channel, and power) are seated snugly. 2. If the shelf is AC-powered, plug in the AC line cord. If the shelf is DC-powered, insert the external power fuse. 3. Verify that the POWER indicator is on, and the POWER FAIL indicator is off. In a 3RU shelf, both the MAIN POWER FAIL and REDUNDANT POWER FAIL indicators should be off. Ignore all other indicators on the shelf for the time being. If no indicators are illuminated on any power supply then both power modules have failed, the fuses on both power supply circuit boards have blown, or (most likely) power has not been wired to the shelf. Test for the correct voltages as described below. If the POWER indicators turn on, but the POWER FAIL indicator for one power supply is on as well, then that power module is not functioning or has a blown fuse on its printed circuit board. 4. Observe that each CM-5 module displays its current mode setting for several seconds after power is first applied. In a terminal multiplexer (ACS-163, ACS-166, or ACS-167), the display should read TERM; in a drop and insert multiplexer (ACS-165 or ACS-168), the module in slot 1 should display DI-A and the module in slot 2 should display DI-B. Redundant CM-5 modules will always display BKUP during power up (see Section 3.7, Installing and Configuring Redundant CM-5s, on page 3-26 for further details on redundant common modules). The multiplexer mode can also be set to spare (SPAR).

42 2-2 Installation and Wiring Applying Power

43 Section 3 Multiplexer Setup What is in this section? 3.1 Overview Using a Channel Service Unit (CSU) CM-5 Basic Configuration Group Menu CM-5 Advanced Configuration Group Menu T1 Transmitter Timing (TIME Group) T1 Frame Format and Line Code (TSEL Group) Installing and Configuring Redundant CM-5s Integrated time delay - CM-5TD (optional) T1 Fiber Optic Interface Adapters

44 3-2 Multiplexer Setup Overview 3.1 Overview This section describes the setup options for the ACS-16 Series multiplexers and explains how to make changes to them. 1. For information on installing and configuring channel modules, see Section 4, Channel Module Overview, and Appendix A, Individual Channel Modules. 2. For information on using the remote access and control feature, see Section 7, Remote Control Operation. 3. For information on diagnostic functions, including the use of T1 loopbacks, see Section 5, Testing and Troubleshooting. 3.2 Using a Channel Service Unit (CSU) If the equipment will be connected to a T1 line leased from a telephone company, a channel service unit (CSU) is required at each end of the circuit. An MA-215 module adapter has a CSU provided, however other module adapters will require an external CSU. The T1 output of the multiplexer connects to the CSU, which converts it into the appropriate format for transmission to the telephone company central office. The CSU may also perform additional features such as error logging. Consult your CSU manual for setup instructions and information on the features it provides. The T1 line code and frame format settings selected for the multiplexer must match those on the CSU. Section 3.6, T1 Frame Format and Line Code (TSEL Group), on page 3-24 describes how to set these functions. 3.3 CM-5 Basic Configuration Group Menu Introduction The basic configuration of the CM-5 can be determined and changed by the user interface shown in Figure 3-1 on page 3-3. The basic configuration provides most of the settings you will need to make to the CM-5. Figure 3-2 on page 3-5 details the flow of the basic configuration group menu and Table 3-2 on page 3-6 supplements that information with a complete description of each group.

45 Multiplexer Setup CM-5 Basic Configuration Group Menu 3-3 Table 3-1 On power-up, the 4-character display on the front panel will indicate the multiplexing mode on the primary CM-5 as shown in Table 3-1. If a backup CM-5 is installed, it will always read BKUP during power-up. Power-up display on the primary CM-5 Front-panel display TERM DI-A DI-B SPAR Indicated mode Terminal multiplexer DI-A in a drop/insert multiplexer DI-B in a drop/insert multiplexer Spare Note: The following sections contain procedures that include use of the GROUP and SET/NEXT switches. If you are not already familiar with using these switches, please review Section 1.6, CM-5 User Interface, on page 1-1 before proceeding Entering the Configuration Group The following procedures are used to enter the configuration group (Figure 3-1 illustrates the switch and indicator locations): 1. Press down repeatedly on the GROUP switch until the display reads TIME. 2. Release the switch. You are now in the Configuration Group. Figure 3-1 Horizontal view of the CM-5 user interface Displaying and Changing Items in the Basic Configuration Group 1. Press down repeatedly on the SET/NEXT switch until the display shows the menu you want to change. Notice that some items are underscored which indicates an additional subgroup. Complete the following steps to enter and cycle through any subgroups. 1a. Press up once on the SET/NEXT switch to display the first of the subgroup options. 1b. Press down repeatedly on the SET/NEXT switch to cycle through other subgroup options.

46 3-4 Multiplexer Setup CM-5 Basic Configuration Group Menu 2. Press up twice on the SET/NEXT switch. After the first press the green (top) indicator blinks, indicating that a change is about to be made. After the second press it turns on continuously, indicating that the option you wanted to change is now enabled. The functions found in the basic menu are detailed in other areas of this manual as follows: T1 operational functions: The timing (TIME) and signal format/line code (TSEL) groups are described in Section 3.5, T1 Transmitter Timing (TIME Group), on page 3-16 and Section 3.6, T1 Frame Format and Line Code (TSEL Group), on page 3-24 respectively. Redundant CM-5 settings (REDN) are described in Section 3.7, Installing and Configuring Redundant CM-5s, on page Diagnostic functions: The loopback (LPBK) and informational (BLNK, RVU1, and DIAG) groups are described in Testing and Troubleshooting on page 5-1. Remote access setup functions: The shelf address (ADDR) and remote port (SIO) groups are described in Section , Setting the Network Address (ADDR Group), on page 7-5 and Section , Setting Remote Port Parameters (SIO Group), on page 7-8 respectively. Network management control settings (COMM) are described in Section 7.9, Network Management Communications, on page 7-54.

47 Multiplexer Setup CM-5 Basic Configuration Group Menu 3-5 Figure 3-2 CM-5 basic configuration group menu structure

48 3-6 Multiplexer Setup CM-5 Basic Configuration Group Menu Table 3-2 CM-5 basic configuration group Group Selections Description TSEL TLBO Sets the line build-out range for the T1 port on the CM-5. The display shows the midpoint of the range. See Section 3.6, T1 Frame Format and Line Code (TSEL Group), on page 3-24 RED = not selected, GREEN = selected DSX (default) Set build-out for DSX standard (' to 133') 2' Set build-out for 133' to 266' 333' Set build-out for 266' to 399' 467' Set build-out for 399' to 533' 595' Set build-out for 533' to 655' 7dB Network build-out for -7.5 db 15dB Network build-out for -15 db exit Exits TLBO and displays sub-menu CSU Sets the standard for the CM-5 s integrated CSU. See Section 3.6.1, CSU Configuration, on page 3-24 RED = not selected, GREEN = selected Off Disables the integrated CSU for operation with an external CSU ATT Sets the standard for the CM-5 s integrated CSU to AT&T TR5416 compliant SF ESF (default) AMI B8ZS (default) ANSI (default) exit Sets the standard for the CM-5 s integrated CSU to ANSI T1.43 compliant Exits CSU and displays sub-menu Sets the framing format to Superframe RED = not selected, GREEN = selected Sets the framing format to Extended Superframe RED = not selected, GREEN = selected Sets the line coding to alternate mark inversion RED = not selected, GREEN = selected Sets the line coding to B8ZS RED = not selected, GREEN = selected PDE Pulse density enforcement; for AMI mode to force a one after 15 consecutive zeros. See Section 3.6.2, Framing and Line Code Configuration, on page 3-24 RED = not selected, GREEN = selected

49 Multiplexer Setup CM-5 Basic Configuration Group Menu 3-7 Table 3-2 CM-5 basic configuration group (continued) Group Selections Description TIME Source of multiplexer s timing. See Section 3.5, T1 Transmitter Timing (TIME Group), on page 3-16 RED = not selected, GREEN = selected Loop Loop timing of T1 link. Will only display if the CM-5 is in TERM mode Int (default) Internal timing of T1 link. Will only display if the CM-5 is in TERM mode Ext External timing of T1 link. Will only display if the CM-5 is in TERM mode Thru Through timing of the T1 link. Will only display if the CM-5 is in DI-A or DI-B mode LPBK Loopback modes. See Section 5.4.1, Using T1 Loopbacks (LPBK Group), on page 5-5 for additional details LnLB Indicates line loopback mode RED = not in line loopback mode GREEN = in line loopback mode PaLB Indicates payload loopback mode RED = not in payload loopback mode GREEN = in payload loopback mode EqLB Indicates equipment loopback mode; RED = not in equipment loopback mode, GREEN = in equipment loopback mode BLNK Rx11 Receiving all ones. See Section 5.4.2, The Meaning of Blinking Indicators (BLNK Group), on page 5-7 for details Tx11 Transmitting all ones (also known as keep alive circuit or AIS) TxYl Transmitting yellow alarm RxYl Receiving yellow alarm FTIM Fall back timing NLLB Network requested line loopback NPLB Network requested payload loopback XsJt Excess jitter on T1 has been detected

50 3-8 Multiplexer Setup CM-5 Basic Configuration Group Menu Table 3-2 CM-5 basic configuration group (continued) Group Selections Description RVU1 TxLk Transmit phase loop lock status. See Section 5.4.3, Reviewing Performance Data (RVU1 Group), on page 5-8 RED = unlocked, GREEN = locked RxLk Receive phase loop lock status RED = unlocked, GREEN = locked TxRx Transmit/receive clock lock RED = unlocked, GREEN = locked XsJt Jitter buffer status RED = OK GREEN = Buffer exceeded DIAG T1 or CSU CSU displays when the CM-5 is connected to the MA-215, or T1 displays when the CM-5 is connected to the MA-216. See Section 5.4.4, Other Diagnostic Data (DIAG Group), on page 5-1 for more information X.XX Current version of the loaded firmware Fcty Status of settings RED = Not factory setting, GREEN = Factory settings ADDR Multiplexer address number to See Section , Setting the Network Address (ADDR Group), on page 7-5 TDLY Time delay control for units with optional delay capability (CM-5TD) See Section 3.8, Integrated time delay - CM-5TD (optional), on page 3-33 TDSA Time delay subaddress (1-36) LCL Local control; RED = local control off, GREEN = local control on

51 Multiplexer Setup CM-5 Basic Configuration Group Menu 3-9 Table 3-2 CM-5 basic configuration group (continued) Group Selections Description COMM SIO Network communications parameters. See Remote Control Operation on page 7-1 for more information on remote communications. For more information on network communication functions, see Section 7.9, Network Management Communications, on page 7-54 CNFG OFF (Default) Turn network communications off MSTR Set the multiplexer to master mode SLV Set the multiplexer to slave mode BRDG Set the multiplexer to bridge mode RATE 8 KB Set the data rate to 8 Kbps (1 bit/ds) 16 KB (default) Set the data rate to 16 Kbps (2 bit/ds) 32 KB Set the data rate to 32 Kbps (4 bit/ds) 64 KB Set the data rate to 64 Kbps (8 bit/ds) TSLT 1 to 24 Time slot for T1 DS (time slot 24 is the default) Serial input and output settings. Section , Setting Remote Port Parameters (SIO Group), on page 7-8 provides additional information RED = not selected, GREEN = selected BAUD 11 Sets baud rate to 11 bps 3 Sets baud rate to 3 bps 12 Sets baud rate to 12 bps 24 Sets baud rate to 24 bps 48 Sets baud rate to 48 bps 96 Sets baud rate to 96 bps 19.2 Sets baud rate to 19.2 kbps 57.6 Sets baud rate to 57.6 kbps exit Exit BAUD and display PAR PAR Spac Sets parity to space Mark Sets parity to mark Even Sets parity to even Odd Sets parity to odd exit Exit PAR and display Lock Lock Locks and unlocks the serial port

52 3-1 Multiplexer Setup CM-5 Basic Configuration Group Menu Table 3-2 CM-5 basic configuration group (continued) Group Selections Description REDN Common module redundancy settings. Only seen on redundant CM-5 common modules. See Section 3.7, Installing and Configuring Redundant CM-5s, on page 3-26 for additional information. CNFG OFF Never switch to a backup SWCH RVRT (Default) NVRT exit (Manual Switching) Revertive switching. Will switch to the backup on detection of a failure in the primary, then will switch back to primary when failure condition is cleared Non-revertive switching. Will switch to a backup when a failure is detected in the primary but will not switch back Exit the CNFG sub-menu Switching sub-menu. Displays the status of the backup or primary switch. If the SET/NEXT indicator is green (top), then the backup common module is active. If the indicator is red (bottom), then the primary common module is active. This switch can also be used to manually toggle from the backup to primary module or from the primary to backup module. LOF ON Loss of frame. Switch to the backup if the primary is receiving a loss of frame condition OFF Deactivates the LOF switching LOS ON Loss of signal. Switch to the backup if the primary is receiving a loss of signal condition OFF Deactivates the LOS switching YEL ON Yellow alarm. Switch to the backup if the primary receives a yellow alarm or remote alarm OFF Deactivates the YEL or RA switching AIS ON Alarm indication signal. Switch to the backup if the primary is receiving an AIS signal OFF Deactivates the AIS switching

53 Multiplexer Setup CM-5 Advanced Configuration Group Menu CM-5 Advanced Configuration Group Menu Introduction In addition to the basic configuration features, the CM-5 also contains an Advanced Configuration Group for controlling specialized functions that rarely need adjustment in most systems Entering the Advanced Configuration Group 1. Press down repeatedly on the GROUP switch. As the display changes to read DIAG, hold the switch down - do not release it. 2. While holding the GROUP switch down (the display must still read DIAG), press up once on the SET/NEXT switch. The display changes to read FTIM. 3. Release both switches. You are now in the advanced configuration group. Note: Although you can cycle through the CM-5 groups by pressing repeatedly either up or down on the GROUP switch, you can only enter the advanced configuration group by pressing down on the switch to reach DIAG; that is, as the display cycles from RVU1 to DIAG. Pressing on the GROUP switch will exit from the advanced configuration group Displaying and Changing Items in the Advanced Configuration Group 1. Press down repeatedly on the SET/NEXT switch until the display shows the menu you want to change. 2. Press up twice on the SET/NEXT switch. After the first press the green (top) indicator blinks, indicating that a change is about to be made. After the second press it turns on continuously, indicating that the option you wanted to change is now enabled. Notice that some items are underscored which indicates an additional subgroup. Complete the following steps to enter and cycle through any subgroups. 1. Press up once on the SET/NEXT switch to display the first of the subgroup options. 2. Press down repeatedly on the SET/NEXT switch to cycle through other subgroup options. To exit from a subgroup: 1. Press down repeatedly on the SET/NEXT switch until the display reads EXIT. 2. Press up once on the SET/NEXT switch to move to the next group. Figure 3-3 on page 3-12 details the flow of the advanced configuration group menu and Table 3-3 on page 3-13 supplements that information with a complete description of each group.

54 3-12 Multiplexer Setup CM-5 Advanced Configuration Group Menu Figure 3-3 CM-5 advanced configuration group menu structure

55 Multiplexer Setup CM-5 Advanced Configuration Group Menu 3-13 Table 3-3 CM-5 advanced configuration group menu Function Group Description FTIM RTIM RXGN JBUF FLoo FInt (Default) FExt FSec exit Off Auto (Default) exit 3dB (Default) 36dB exit Joff J 32 (Default) J128 Jrst exit Fallback timing mode. This function sets the timing source used in the event that primary timing is lost RED = not selected, GREEN = selected Fallback timing set to loop (timing recovered from received T1) Fallback timing set to internal (multiplexer s oscillator) Fallback timing set to external (clock input connector) Fallback timing set to secondary external Exit FTIM and display RTIM Return timing mode. When the primary timing mode is set to external, this function determines whether the timing source automatically reverts back to primary RED = not selected, GREEN = selected Timing remains in fallback mode after primary timing is restored Timing returns to primary mode after primary timing is restored Exit RTIM and display RXGN Receive signal gain (input sensitivity). This function adjusts the sensitivity of the T1 receiver. Used for increasing gain with long cables RED = not selected, GREEN = selected Receiver can accept a signal up to 3 db below nominal Receiver can accept a signal up to 36 db below nominal Exit RXGN and display JBUF Jitter buffer depth. This function adjusts the multiplexer s jitter tolerance. Selecting a higher value increases the jitter buffer depth, but also increases circuit delay RED = not selected, GREEN = selected No jitter buffer, minimum delay. May not work in DI-A or DI-B mode, or if payload loopback (PaLB) is on Sets jitter buffer depth to 32 bits Sets jitter buffer depth to 128 bits Resets the jitter buffer Exit JBUF and display FRAM

56 3-14 Multiplexer Setup CM-5 Advanced Configuration Group Menu Table 3-3 CM-5 advanced configuration group menu (continued) Function Group Description FRAM TXYL TYPE PRIM Frame loss sensitivity. This function sets the criteria for declaring a loss of frame synchronization condition. When a loss of frame synchronization is declared, the FRM indicator lights and the multiplexer immediately begins to reestablish frame synchronization RED = not selected, GREEN = selected f3/5 (Default) Frame loss is declared when three out of five consecutive framing patterns are in error f2/4 Frame loss is declared when two out of four consecutive framing patterns are in error f2/5 Frame loss is declared when two out of five consecutive framing patterns are in error exit Exit FRAM and display TXYL Transmit yellow alarm function RED = not selected, GREEN = selected Off Yellow alarm is off (never active) On Yellow alarm is on (always active) Auto Automatically sends yellow alarm ESF (Default) Automatically sends yellow alarm only in ESF exit Exit TXYL and display TYPE Multiplexer type. This function sets the basic multiplexer type RED = not selected, GREEN = selected VRM Sets unit to run as a variable-rate multiplexer T1 (Default) Sets unit to run as an T1 multiplexer exit Exit TYPE and display PRIM Primary mode. This function sets the primary operating mode for the CM-5. When the common module is first plugged in it determines its mode based on the setting of the DIP switches on the MA-215 or MA-216. You can use PRIM to override these switch settings RED = not selected, GREEN = selected TERM Sets the mode to terminal DI-A Sets the mode to DI-A (drop and insert multiplexer) DI-B Sets the mode to DI-B (drop and insert multiplexer) SPAR Sets the mode to spare (inactive) exit Exit PRIM and display PLL

57 Multiplexer Setup CM-5 Advanced Configuration Group Menu 3-15 Table 3-3 CM-5 advanced configuration group menu (continued) Function Group Description PLL CUST EIB Topt R Rx Rcpu Auto (Default) Narr Wide exit Std (Default) KT STL Phase-locked loop filter. This function sets the bandwidth of the filter in the phase-locked loop (PLL) used to derive the transmit timing from the input T1. The PLL is used when the timing is set to loop, through, or external RED = not selected, GREEN = selected Determines the width based on the timing in use: narrow for loop or external timing, wide for through timing Forces the setting to narrow Forces the setting to wide Exit PLL and display EIB Customer application menu RED = not selected, GREEN = selected Standard alarm declaration criteria Modified alarm criteria Modified alarm criteria for use in studio-to-transmitter links (STLs) Electrical interface board. This parameter sets the common module to work with the Intraplex optical interface adapter (OIA) (MA-213M or MA-213L). The OIA allows you to use an optical interface with your ACS-16 RED = not selected, GREEN = selected Time delay options. This parameter activates the time delay function (TDLY) on the Configuration Group menu (TDLY). The TDLY function is used to control delay characteristics of the CM-5TD s integrated time delay capability RED = time delay option not activated, GREEN = time delay option activated Reset receiver. This function resets the receive side of the common module by forcing it out of frame and allowing it to re synchronize Reset CPU. This function resets the central processing unit (CPU) of the common module. The effect is the same as removing and restoring power to the CM-5. This reset does not change the configuration settings on the CM-5

58 3-16 Multiplexer Setup T1 Transmitter Timing (TIME Group) 3.5 T1 Transmitter Timing (TIME Group) Table 3-4 The TIME group selects the timing source that the T1 transmitter uses to clock the outgoing data stream. When a CM-5 module is set up for use in a drop/insert multiplexer (that is, set to the DI-A or DI-B operating mode), the only member of the TIME group is through timing (THRU). No user setup is necessary or allowed. When the CM-5 module is set up for use in a terminal multiplexer (set to TERM mode), four items appear in the TIME group: INT (Internal) Ext (External) Loop (Loop) Send (Not used) In terminal multiplexers, the T1 transmitter timing mode can be set to internal, external, or loop by setting the appropriate function in the TIME group (Table 3-4) as follows: 1. Press down repeatedly on the GROUP switch until the display reads TIME. 2. Press down repeatedly on the SET/NEXT switch to cycle through the available functions in the TIME group. The green (top) bi-level indicator turns on when the display shows the currently set selection, and the red (bottom) indicator turns on when the display shows any other selection. 3. To change the current timing setting, press down on the SET/NEXT switch until the display shows the desired setting, and then press up twice on the SET/NEXT switch. After the first press the green (top) indicator blinks, indicating that a change is about to be made. After the second press it turns on continuously, indicating that the timing source now on the display is active. TIME group Timing INT EXT LOOP Description Internal. T1 transmitter of an internally timed terminal multiplexer derives its timing from the multiplexer s own internal oscillator External. The T1 transmitter of an externally timed terminal multiplexer derives its timing from the external timing source connected to the external timing input pins on the T1 I/O connector (see Table 2-6 on page 2-13) Loop. The T1 transmitter of a loop-timed terminal multiplexer derives its timing from the received T1 signal: that is, the multiplexer s T1 output is synchronized to its T1 input

59 Multiplexer Setup T1 Transmitter Timing (TIME Group) 3-17 Table 3-4 TIME group (continued) Timing SEND THRU Description SEND appears in the TIME group display when the CM-5 is set to drop & insert mode, but it is not used. Disregard this setting Through. Both CM-5 modules in an ACS-165 drop & insert multiplexer derive their transmitter timing through the T1 signal received by the other module. The T1 output of the DI-A module is synchronized to the T1 input of the DI-B module, while the T1 output of the DI-B module is synchronized to the T1 input of the DI-A module (Figure 3-6 and Figure 3-7 on page 3-2) THRU is the only available primary timing mode on ACS-265 drop & insert multiplexers Primary vs. Fallback Timing The timing mode selected by the TIME group setting is called the primary timing mode. ACS-16 series multiplexers also have a fallback timing mode. The factory setting for fallback timing is internal. When configured for external, loop, or through timing, if the primary timing source becomes unavailable, the CM-5 performs an automatic, carefully controlled changeover to fallback timing that is, to its own internal oscillator Timing Status Indicators Table 3-5 Three indicators on the CM-5 (Loop, Int, and Ext) indicate the current T1 transmitter timing configuration (Table 3-5). If the CM-5 is using fallback timing, the indicator for the primary timing mode blinks, and the indicator for the fallback timing mode (factory set to internal) comes on steadily. Timing status indicators Label INT Description Internal timing. ON When lit, indicates the CM-5 transmitter is using its internal MHz clock EXT External timing ON BLINKING Indicates the CM-5 transmitter is using timing provided by an external clock Indicates external timing is selected for primary timing, but the module is currently using fallback timing

60 3-18 Multiplexer Setup T1 Transmitter Timing (TIME Group) Table 3-5 Timing status indicators (continued) Label Loop Description Loop or through timing. On a terminal multiplexer, the indicators represent the following: ON BLINKING Indicates the CM-5 transmitter is loop timed Indicates that loop timing is selected for primary timing, however the module is currently using fallback timing On a drop & insert multiplexer, the indicators represent the following: ON BLINKING Indicates the CM-5 transmitter is through timed Indicates that through timing is selected for primary timing, but the module is currently using fallback timing Timing Status Functions Several functions in the BLNK and RVU1 groups provide additional information on timing status. To inspect these timing status functions, press down repeatedly on the GROUP switch until the desired group (BLNK or RVU1) appears on the display. Then, press down repeatedly on the SET/NEXT switch to view the contents of the selected group. These meanings of these functions are listed in Table 3-6 on page Table 3-6 Timing status functions Function Group Description Ftim BLNK Fallback timing. When Ftim appears in the BLNK group, it indicates that the transmitter is in its fallback timing mode TXLk RVU1 Transmit lock. When the transmit lock function is displayed, the bi-level ON/OFF indicator signifies the status of the T1 transmitter PLL a Transmitter PLL is locked Transmitter PLL is not locked

61 Multiplexer Setup T1 Transmitter Timing (TIME Group) 3-19 Table 3-6 Timing status functions (continued) Function Group Description TxRx RVU1 Transmit/Receive lock. When the transmit/receive lock function is displayed, the bi-level ON/OFF indicator signifies whether the transmitter timing is synchronized to the incoming T1 signal timing Transmitter and receiver timing clocks are locked Transmitter and receiver timing clocks are not locked If the top and bottom indicators are toggling on and off, then the transmit and receive signals are not locked but their frequencies are close. In this case, each flash of the bottom (red) indicator corresponds to a relative phase change of one T1 Unit Interval (UI), which is 648ns. A relative phase change of one UI is called a "bit slip" by some T1 test set manufacturers. a. When a CM-5 is using internal (INT) timing, primary or fallback, it is normal for the TxLk function to be off. However, when any other timing mode is in use (EXT, THRU, LOOP) it is normal for the TxLK function to be on and a fault condition is indicated when it is off When To Use Each Timing Mode Appropriate uses of each of the four T1 transmitter timing modes are illustrated in following series of illustrations: Figure 3-4 through Figure 3-8 on page In ACS-16 systems synchronized to the digital network, both terminal multiplexers will normally be loop timed (Figure 3-4 and Figure 3-6). In systems timed from one end and not synchronized to the carrier's network, one terminal will be internally (or externally) timed while the other is loop timed (Figure 3-5, Figure 3-7 and Figure 3-8). Figure 3-8 shows an ACS-16 system with an external timing source. Figure 3-4 Point to point system synchronized to the network

62 3-2 Multiplexer Setup T1 Transmitter Timing (TIME Group) Figure 3-5 Point to point system internally timed from one end (not synchronized to the network) Figure 3-6 Drop & insert system synchronized to the network Figure 3-7 Drop & insert system internally timed from one end (not synchronized to the network)

63 Multiplexer Setup T1 Transmitter Timing (TIME Group) 3-21 Figure 3-8 Point to point system externally timed from one end (not synchronized to the network) Synchronized T1 Systems Multiple ACS-16 systems can be synchronized by deriving their timing from the same timing source. One way to accomplish this is to daisy-chain the external timing outputs and inputs of several head-end terminal multiplexers (Figure 3-9 on page 3-22). Note that multiple ACS-16 systems loop-timed to the same network are also synchronized to each other and to the network. T1 systems are synchronized to prevent buffer overflows or underflows, generally called "slips," in network switching systems such as digital central offices, PBXs, and digital cross-connect systems.

64 3-22 Multiplexer Setup T1 Transmitter Timing (TIME Group) Figure 3-9 Multiple systems synchronized to a common timing source Frame-Synchronized T1 Systems Synchronized T1 systems, by definition, have equal bit rates (frequencies), and, except for a limited amount of jitter and wander, are phase-locked. But synchronized T1 systems are not, in general, frame-synchronized; that is, systems in a synchronized network may transmit a given time slot at different times. Frame synchronization is generally required whenever it is necessary to have precise control over the relative delay times between multiple T1 circuits. For example, frame synchronization can be useful in a mobile radio broadcast system using simulcasting (multiple transmitter sites). To maximize coverage, each transmitter in a simulcast system must transmit the same signal at a specific

65 Multiplexer Setup T1 Transmitter Timing (TIME Group) 3-23 time relative to the other transmitters. Frame synchronization allows fixed time delays to be added to individual circuits in order to achieve the exact desired transmission delay for each circuit. Multiple ACS-16 systems can be frame-synchronized by using a framed T1 signal generator and using a CM-5TD common module with time delay on each multiplexer at the hub site (Location 1 in Figure 3-1). The CM-5TD locks the frame generator of the common module to the external signal. Figure 3-1 Multiple frame-synchronized systems

66 3-24 Multiplexer Setup T1 Frame Format and Line Code (TSEL Group) 3.6 T1 Frame Format and Line Code (TSEL Group) The T1 selection (TSEL) group is used to set the T1 frame format and line code. The functions available in the TSEL group are explained in Table 3-8. A detailed discussion of T1 frame formats and line codes appears in Section 6.3.1, T1 Digital Transmission, on page CSU Configuration Table 3-7 The CM-5 is designed for internal or external channel service unit (CSU) applications. The CSU configuration must match the requirements of your T1 carrier provider. 1. Press down repeatedly on the GROUP switch until the display reads TSEL. 2. Press down repeatedly on the SET/NEXT switch to cycle through the available functions in the TSEL group. The green (top) bi-level indicator turns on when the display shows the currently set selection for the CSU. The red (bottom) indicator turns on when the display shows the other configurations that are not selected for CSU. To change either of the current settings, press down on the SET/NEXT switch until the display shows the desired setting, and then press up twice on the SET/NEXT switch. After the first press the green (top) indicator blinks, indicating that a change is about to be made. After the second press it turns on continuously, indicating that the function on the display is active. CSU configurations Function Off ATT ANSI Description Disables the internal CM-5 CSU for operation with an external CSU. The settings that follow determine the configuration of the external CSU With this position on, the CM-5 will be compliant with AT&T Technical Reference 5416 With this position on, the CM-5 will be compliant with ANSI T1.43 ESF Data Link messages Framing and Line Code Configuration If this installation includes a CSU, then the frame format and line code settings must be identical on both the multiplexers and the CSUs. Use ESF framing and B8ZS line code whenever possible. 1. Press down repeatedly on the GROUP switch until the display reads TSEL. 2. Press down repeatedly on the SET/NEXT switch to cycle through the available functions in the TSEL group. The green (top) bi-level indicator turns on when the display shows the currently set selection for frame format (ESF or SF) and line coding (B8ZS or AMI). The red (bottom) indicator turns on

67 Multiplexer Setup T1 Frame Format and Line Code (TSEL Group) 3-25 Table 3-8 when the display shows the configurations that are not selected for each function. 3. To change either of the current settings, press down on the SET/NEXT switch until the display shows the desired setting, and then press up twice on the SET/NEXT switch. After the first press the green (top) indicator blinks, indicating that a change is about to be made. After the second press it turns on continuously, indicating that the function on the display is active. Framing and line coding configurations Function SF ESF Description Superframe format. An order frame format in which T1 frame (193 bits) are grouped into 12-frame superframes. Also referred to as D4. Generally, use the SF format only if the carrier s network cannot support ESF Extended superframe format. A more recent frame format in which T1 frames are grouped into 24-frame extended superframes. The ESF format provides better error detection than SF and is generally recommended over SF. The only limitation of ESF is that some older carrier networks cannot support it The SF and ESF formats are mutually exclusive functions. ESF is the factory default framing format AMI Alternate mark inversion. A bipolar line code composed of (+) pulses, (-) pulses, and zeros. In an AMI-encoded signal, every pulse has the opposite polarity of the pulse that precedes it, regardless of the number of zeros between them. The major limitation of AMI is that it cannot support 64 kbps clear channel capability B8ZS PDE Bipolar with 8-zero substitution. A modified bipolar line code in which strings of eight zeros are replaced by zero substitution codes. Thus, T1 signals using the B8ZS line code maintain sufficient ones density, regardless of the number of zeros in the data, to support unrestricted 64 Kbps clear channel capability. The only limitation of B8ZS is that some older CSUs and carrier networks cannot support it The AMI and B8ZS line codes are mutually exclusive functions. B8ZS is the factory default line code Pulse Density Enforcement. The data must meet the ones density requirements specified in AT&T Technical Reference 5416 or ANSI T1.43 ESF Data Link messages, which requires that when AMI is engaged, approximately 1 in every 8 bits must be a one and no more than 15 consecutive zeros can be sent. If the data violates this requirement for ones density, the PDE will put ones in the output data to ensure density compliance (it will also put errors in the data).

68 3-26 Multiplexer Setup Installing and Configuring Redundant CM-5s 3.7 Installing and Configuring Redundant CM-5s Introduction Common module redundancy is available in all ACS-16 series multiplexers. This section describes the installation, configuration, and function of redundant CM-5s. The redundancy feature of the CM-5 can only be exploited using the MA-215 or MA-217B module adapters. (An MA-216 module adapter does not support common module redundancy.) Overview A multiplexer equipped with redundant CM-5s will automatically switch over to a backup CM-5 when it detects a line or hardware failure. When the line or hardware failure is repaired, the backup CM-5 can revert (automatically or manually) to the primary CM-5. Note: Redundant CM-5s are used as a redundant hardware system and cannot be used for line redundancy Installation of Redundant Modules The primary and backup CM-5s share an MA-215 (or MA-217B) module adapter. The primary CM-5 installs into the same slot number as the module adapter. The backup CM-5 installs in the slot adjacent to the primary CM-5 and connects to the shared module adapter with a 3-pin ribbon cable (see Figure 3-11 on page 26). Figure 3-11 Top view showing backplane connections of the primary and backup CM-5s and a shared MA-215

69 Multiplexer Setup Installing and Configuring Redundant CM-5s 3-27 Redundant CM-5s can also be installed in a 1RU shelf, as shown in Figure 3-12 and Figure Figure 3-12 Front view of an ACS-167 with redundant CM-5s Figure 3-13 Rear view of an ACS-167 with a shared MA Compatibility with Non-Redundant CM-5s Redundant CM-5s will not function with non-redundant CM-5s. If you have a redundant CM-5, verify that the CM-5 sharing the MA-215 or MA-217B is also a redundant CM-5. To determine if the CM-5 has redundancy capability, look for the revised version number label on the circuit board. Redundant CM-5 (or CM-5TD) modules have a version of REV B8 or higher stamped on the circuit boards. Note: Redundant CM-5s are fully interchangeable. Any redundant CM-5 can be used as a primary terminal, DI-A or DI-B multiplexer. Any redundant CM-5 can also be used as a backup terminal, backup DI-A, or backup DI-B multiplexer Configuring the Redundancy Group (REDN) Redundant CM-5s have a special group added to the front panel user interface, called the redundancy (REDN) group. This group is only visible on the backup CM-5 (it is suppressed on the primary CM-5). Depress the group switch on the backup CM-5 until REDN appears. Table 3-9 on page 28 shows the REDN group menu items and their parameters.

70 3-28 Multiplexer Setup Installing and Configuring Redundant CM-5s Table 3-9 REDN group menu functions Sub-menu Item Description CNFG Configuration sub-menu OFF RVRT a NRVT Exit Never switch to a backup Revertive switching. Will switch to the backup on detection of a failure in the primary, then will switch back to primary when failure condition is cleared Non-revertive switching. Will switch to a backup when a failure is detected in the primary but will not switch back Exit the CNFG sub-menu SWCH Switching sub-menu. Displays the status of the backup or primary switch. If the SET/NEXT indicator is green (top), then the backup CM-5 is active. If the indicator is red (bottom), then the primary CM-5 is active. This switch can also be used to manually toggle from the backup to primary CM-5 or from the primary to backup CM-5. LOF ON Loss of frame. Switch to the backup if the primary is receiving a loss of frame condition OFF a Deactivates the LOF switching LOS ON Loss of signal. Switch to the backup if the primary is receiving a loss of signal condition OFF a Deactivates the LOS switching YEL ON Yellow alarm. Switch to the backup if the primary receives a yellow alarm OFF a Deactivates the YEL switching AIS ON Alarm indication signal. Switch to the backup if the primary is receiving an AIS signal OFF a Deactivates the AIS switching a. Indicates the factory default Caution: The primary and backup CM-5s must be identically configured on their user interfaces. The backup CM-5 cannot automatically learn and configure itself to the primary CM-5 configuration. The basic menu functions for the CM-5 are provided in Section 1.6.1, Function Groups and the Configuration Switches, on page 1-12.

71 Multiplexer Setup Installing and Configuring Redundant CM-5s Remote Control of Redundant CM-5s The backup CM-5 shelf address must be the same as the primary CM-5 shelf address. You cannot talk to an inactive CM-5 over the remote port, but the primary CM-5 does respond normally to ISiCL commands. When a backup CM-5 takes over the function of the primary CM-5, an ALERT condition will be generated. A STATUS? query from a remote interface will receive the following response: * OK > > > ALERT AT SHELF < < < SWITCHED TO REDUNDANT COMMON MODULE; When the backup CM-5 is activated, it can be remotely controlled. When the backup is ready to return control to the primary CM-5, all configuration information for the channel modules is transmitted from the backup to the primary CM-5 before switching Functional Description Redundant CM-5 Operation in a Terminal or DI-A Multiplexer Intraplex configuration specifications require a multiplexer bus master and one or more slaves. A primary CM-5 configured for terminal or DI-A mode will automatically power-up in the master mode. While in the master mode, the primary CM-5 will constantly search for other CM-5 slaves on the shelf. If the primary finds any slaves, it will periodically report the status of the slaves through the multiplexer bus. This report will include the mode, hardware status, and line status (Figure 3-14 on page 3). Note: The process of transmitting shelf data from a primary to a backup CM-5 is slow. With a full shelf of 18 modules, it can take up to two full minutes for the primary CM-5 to transmit an entire shelf image to the backup CM-5.

72 3-3 Multiplexer Setup Installing and Configuring Redundant CM-5s Figure 3-14 Redundant CM-5s The backup CM-5 monitors the report from the primary CM-5. If the report fails to arrive, or if the report indicates a hardware failure or a line failure, then the backup CM-5 will compare the report to the switching criteria set in the REDN group (see Configuring the Redundancy Group (REDN) on page 27). If the failure and switch criteria match, then the backup CM-5 will take control of the MA-215. A signal generated from the module adapter will take the failed primary CM-5 off the multiplexer bus Redundant CM-5 Operation in a Drop/Insert Multiplexer In a drop/insert multiplexer, the primary CM-5 in the DI-A mode is the multiplexer bus master. The DI-B CM-5 does not hold channel card configuration information. The DI-A CM-5 will query the DI-B CM-5 for its status, and report to the DI-B backup CM-5 (Figure 3-15 on page 31). The DI-B backup CM-5 will then take appropriate action. Since DI-B CM-5s do not hold channel card configuration information, the switchover from a backup DI-B CM-5 to a primary DI-B CM-5 is fixed at two seconds.

73 Multiplexer Setup Installing and Configuring Redundant CM-5s 3-31 Figure 3-15 Redundant CM-5 functions in a drop/insert multiplexer Switching from a Backup to a Primary CM-5 If in revert (RVRT) configuration, the backup CM-5 will automatically revert control back to the primary CM-5 when it detects that a hardware failure has been corrected. If you have selected a line failure (LOF, LOS, YEL, AIS) for a switching criteria, then the configuration should be set to non-revertant (NVRT). The reason for this requirement lies with the switching mechanics. For example, if a yellow alarm is received and a switch occurs, the primary CM-5 will no longer report a yellow alarm because the signals are no longer coming into it. If the switching is set to revert (RVRT), then the backup CM-5 will think the failure is repaired and will switch control back to the primary CM-5. The primary CM-5 will once again detect an alarm, and another backup switch will occur. This cycling of the switch back and forth between redundant CM-5s will continue until the alarm condition is removed. The non-revertant configuration should also be set if the switches for loss of frame (LOF) or loss of signal (LOS) are activated (ON). This is also due to switching mechanics. The module adapter directs the T1 line signals to only one CM-5. If the backup CM-5 is active, then it has the T1 line signal. The primary CM-5 can never regain the line signal and therefore will remain in a failed condition Manual Switching If a line failure condition occurs and is later cleared but the control is not reverted to the primary CM-5, then you can manually switch by: removing and reinstalling the primary CM-5, or manually switching at the front panel display (REDN >> SWCH)

74 3-32 Multiplexer Setup Installing and Configuring Redundant CM-5s Switching Time A switch will be initiated 5ms after a report is received that meets the switching criteria. The total time for switching from the primary CM-5 to a backup CM-5 (or vice versa) is less than 1 ms, but will result in a loss of frame and signal during that period of time. When reverting back to the primary, the backup CM-5 must first transmit the channel card configuration settings to the primary CM-5. While the backup CM-5 is transmitting the configuration settings, the front panel display will read "WAIT." The transmission of the configuration settings can take up to two minutes to transmit the settings for a full shelf of 18 channel modules. When transmission of the settings is complete, the "WAIT" display will clear and the switchover will be initiated (switchover will appear instantaneous) CM-5TD Time Delay Common Modules This information also applies to the redundant time delay common module, CM-5TD. Control of the delay feature on the redundant CM-5TD can be accomplished by remote control (see Section 3.8 on page 3-33). However, there are a few additional requirements for configuration of redundant time delay CM-5s. The time delay function (TDLY) in the basic menu group and the time delay parameter (Topt) in the advanced menu group must be configured identically on all CM-5TD configurations. Also, the multiplexer bus address (1-36) of each CM-5TD must be unique Network Management Network management functions outlined in your multiplexer installation and operation manual can be performed normally with any active CM-5. However, the backup CM-5s are not addressable by the network. As with non-redundant CM-5s, each redundant CM-5 (primary and backup), must have the same data rate and DS time slot in the COMM menu group. The communication protocols for the redundant CM-5s (primary and backup) must be identical for network communication. See Section 7.9, Network Management Communications, on page 7-54 for additional information.

75 Multiplexer Setup Integrated time delay - CM-5TD (optional) Integrated time delay - CM-5TD (optional) The TD-1 T1 Delay Module is now fully integrated into the CM-5TD, no longer requiring a separate channel module. The CM-5TD option provides a programmable time delay of between 6 and bit times (between 3.89 µs and ms) in the receive path of the CM-5TD CM-5TD Setup If your ACS-16 Series multiplexer has the optional delay capability, it will have a CM-5TD common module. The CM-5TD allows you to program a time delay in the receive T1 path Activating the Delay Feature To activate the delay feature, use the following procedure. Note this is normally set at the factory before shipment. 1. Access the advanced configuration group. 2. Press the SET/NEXT switch down until Topt is displayed. 3. Note which On/Off indicator is lit. If the red indicator is lit, the delay feature is off. If the green indicator is lit, the feature is on. 4. Press SET/NEXT up twice to toggle the delay feature on or off. 5. When the delay feature is on, the TDLY item is available in the basic configuration group menu Setting the CM-5TD Subaddress With Topt set on (see above), follow this procedure to set the time delay subaddress. This value is the card subaddress for the time delay module incorporated into the CM-5TD common module. The card subaddress can be set from 1 through On the basic configuration group, use GROUP to display TDLY. 2. Press SET/NEXT down to access the delay parameters. TDSA (time delay subaddress) is displayed. 3. Press SET/NEXT up to select TDSA. The display shows the currently programmed address. 4. Press SET/NEXT down to begin editing. The underline indicates the digit to be edited. 5. Press SET/NEXT up to change the first digit. 6. Press SET/NEXT down to select the second digit; press SET/NEXT up to change its value. 7. Press SET/NEXT down to enter the value. The red On/Off indicator is lit to indicate that the value is not yet active. 8. Press SET/NEXT up twice to confirm and activate the new address.

76 3-34 Multiplexer Setup Integrated time delay - CM-5TD (optional) Setting Local Control On or Off The following procedure describes how to enable or disable local control of the delay feature. 1. On the basic function menu use GROUP to display TDLY. 2. Press SET/NEXT down to access the delay parameters. 3. Press SET/NEXT down again to display LCL (local). 4. Note which On/Off indicator is lit. If the green indicator is lit, local control is enabled. If the red indicator is lit, local control is disabled and the delay feature can only be controlled remotely using ISiCL commands. 5. Press SET/NEXT up twice to toggle LCL on or off Operation Table 3-1 The CM-5TD has a set of LED indicators located behind the TIMING indicators. Table 3-1 describes these indicators. CM-5TD indicators Indicator BUF LOCK SRVC Description Buffer. This yellow indicator lights when the delay buffer overflows or underflows, indicating that the input clock frequency is going outside the PLL lock range This green indicator lights when the actual delay is identical to the configured delay This green indicator lights when the delay functionality is activated The delay setting is determined by the number of bits used in the buffer. The buffer depth can range from 6 bits to 131,76 bits. Each T1 (1.544 Mbps) bit has a duration of ns, this allows you to set a delay time ranging from 3.89 µs to 84. ms. The delay is set by sending a 17-bit binary number to the CM-5TD; the CM-5TD takes this number and adds five to it, and uses the result to set the buffer depth in bits. The 17-bit number can be sent to the CM-5TD in two ways through the RS-232 serial remote port using ISiCL P codes. Detailed instructions for remotely configuring the CM-5TD can be found in Section 7.8, Configuring the CM-5TD Delay Feature, on page Caution: Valid numbers are binary 1 through (1 through 131,71 decimal). Do not send all zeroes.

77 Multiplexer Setup T1 Fiber Optic Interface Adapters T1 Fiber Optic Interface Adapters Introduction This section provides information on the optical interface adapters (OIAs) produced for use with the Intraplex ACS-16 Series T1 multiplexers. These adapters enable the multiplexers to connect to fiber optic cables. A CM-5F common module is required for use with OIAs. Each OIA consists of two printed circuit boards, the Electrical Interface Board (EIB) and the Light Interface Board (LIB), that are bolted together and attached to a single face plate (See Figure 3-16). The CM-5F common module has additional hardware to support optics. Figure 3-16 Fiber Optic Interface adapter On the ACS-165 and ACS-168 drop/insert multiplexers, one T1 port may be equipped with a fiber interface while the other has an electrical interface.

78 3-36 Multiplexer Setup T1 Fiber Optic Interface Adapters Table 3-11 There are two OIA models available, as described in Table 3-11 on page Both have the same physical appearance and layout. Optical Interface Adapter models Model Wavelength Fiber Type Light Source MA-213M 131 nm multimode LED MA-213L 131 nm single mode Laser Installation The OIA plugs into the rear of a multiplexer, taking the place of the standard electrical module adapter (MA-215 or MA-217B) normally used with the CM-5. The OIA takes up two physical slots. In the ACS-163 and ACS-167 terminal multiplexers, the OIA occupies slots 1 and 2 on the rear. The CM-5F common module occupies its normal position in slot 1 on the front. No channel or common module may be inserted into physical slot 2. Slots 3 through 18 are available to hold channel modules. In the ACS-165 and ACS-168 drop/insert multiplexers, two OIAs are required. These occupy slots 1 through 4 on the rear. The DI-A and DI-B CM-5Fs that would normally occupy physical slots 1 and 2 on the front must instead be inserted in slots 1 and 3. No modules may be placed in slots 2 and 4; slots 5 through 18 remain available for channel modules ALERT Indicator The OIAs contain an ALERT indicator, located on the face plate. This indicator lights up in response to any of three alarm conditions: Transmit Activity Alarm: Indicates an absence of transmit activity, measured at the TTL (transistor-transistor logic) input to the EIB. Transmit Level Alarm: Indicates that the transmit light source (LED or laser) has failed. Receive Lock Alarm: Indicates that the VCO (voltage-controlled oscillator) is not locked onto the incoming data stream. When this alarm occurs, the data output to the common module defaults to all zeroes. When any of these alarms is in effect, a card-level ALERT signal is sent to the multiplexer common module. The alarms can be monitored individually by remote access (see Section 7.5.2, Determining the Alert/Alarm Status of a Multiplexer, on page 7-21).

79 Multiplexer Setup T1 Fiber Optic Interface Adapters Switch Settings There is one switch bank (SW1) on the OIA, mounted on the EIB and visible from the top of the unit as shown in Figure Figure 3-17 Top view of the EIB board, showing the configuration switches Table 3-12 Normal switch settings (SW1, Positions 3 & 4) Type Switch Up Switch Down Remote Set OIA to local control (normal) Set OIA to remote control B8ZS Set to use AMI line code Set to use B8ZS line code (normal) The MODE 1 and MODE 2 switches work together to set the common module operating mode, as shown in Table.) Table 3-13 Mode switches (SW1, Positions 1 & 2) Mode 1 Setting Mode 2 Setting Result DOWN DOWN Set common module mode to terminal (TERM) UP DOWN Set common module mode to drop/insert A (DI-A) DOWN UP Set common module mode to drop/insert B (DI-B) UP UP Set common module mode to spare (SPAR)

80 3-38 Multiplexer Setup T1 Fiber Optic Interface Adapters Remote Control Interface P Code Although optical interface adapters plug into the rear of Intraplex multiplexers like other module adapters, they are treated like channel modules by the Intraplex Simple Command Language (ISiCL) remote control system. See Section 7, Remote Control Operation for information on how to use ISiCL. All OIAs report themselves as type 11 cards. The card address for OIAs is fixed in the module software; an OIA used with a terminal or DI-A CM-5F always has card address 1, and an OIA used with a DI-B CM-5F always has a card address of 3. There is one P code for an OIA. It represents the E1 line code, as shown below: P1 = (B) P1 = 1 (B1) T1 line code set to B8ZS T1 line code set to AMI S Code There is one S code for an OIA. Like the P code, this is a number displayed in both decimal and binary form. The three least significant digits of the binary number represent the conditions shown on Table 3-14 on page The five most significant digits are not used. A typical OIA response to a STATUS? query looks like this: * OK CHANNEL CARD 1, TYPE 11 S1 =127 (B );

81 Multiplexer Setup T1 Fiber Optic Interface Adapters 3-39 Table 3-14 Remote status messages (S Code) Binary Digits Value Description B Transmit activity alarm in effect. No transmit activity is detected at the TTL input to the LIB 1 Transmit activity normal B Transmit level alarm in effect. The light source (laser or LED) has failed 1 Transmit level normal B Receive lock alarm. The VCO is not locked onto the incoming data stream 1 Receive lock normal B Not used 1 Not used Specifications Table 3-15 There are significant differences between the LED and LASER OIA models. Table 3-15 below and Table 3-16 on page 3-4 illustrate the differences. Features of OIA models Feature MA-213M MA-213L Optical source LED LASER Wavelength 131 nm 131 nm Fiber type multimode single mode Output power, nominal -12 dbm modulated dbm modulated Receiver sensitivity, typical a -39 db average power -39 db average power System gain, guaranteed 25 db 36 db Operating distance, typical b 2 kilometers (12 miles) 7 kilometers (43 miles) a. Receiver incorporates optical automatic gain adjustment to prevent saturation at any level. b. Typical distances calculated using these parameters: System design margin of 6 db; connector loss of 1 db at each end; splice loss of.2 db every 2 km; cable loss of.75 db/km for 5/125 µm multimode cable,.3 db for 8/125 mm single mode cable.

82 3-4 Multiplexer Setup T1 Fiber Optic Interface Adapters Table 3-16 Specifications that apply to both OIA models Feature Optical interface External timing input Remote port Switches Alarm indication Power consumption Environmental Description ST-type optical connectors: 1 transmit, 1 receive RJ-11 jack allows input of khz, RS-422 external timing signal to the T1 common module DB-9P, RS-232C for remote control and monitoring Selection of T1 common module operating mode: Terminal, DI-A or DI-B Selection of EIB operating mode: local or remote Selection of T1 line code: AMI or B8ZS One indicator located on rear panel responds to any of the following alarm conditions: Transmit activity failure Transmit level too low Receive signal not locked 2.6 watts nominal Temperature - 5 C Humidity 1% - 9% operating

83 Section 4 Channel Module Overview What is in this section? 4.1 Overview Introduction to Intraplex Channel Modules Channel Module Configuration Guidelines Adding Channel Modules to Existing Systems

84 4-2 Channel Module Overview Overview 4.1 Overview This section provides an overview of channel modules and general guidelines for configuring them. For detailed information on the channel modules included in this system, see Appendix A, Individual Channel Modules. For information on configuring channel modules using the remote access and control feature, see Section 7.6, Channel Module Remote Access, on page Introduction to Intraplex Channel Modules Channel Module Types Intraplex produces a wide variety of channel modules for the ACS-16 Series multiplexers. Channel module types include: Voice Modules: Voice modules provide digital transport of telephony, fax and modem circuits. Signaling options include E&M Types I, II, III, V, loop start/ground start, ARD and transmission. These modules provide: 2-wire Foreign Exchange Office (FXO/FXS) PCM and ADPCM voice 4-wire E&M PCM and ADPCM voice wideband 7.5 khz voice Motorola SECURENET TM secure digital voice Data Modules: Data modules provide digital transport of one-way or full-duplex data circuits, supporting a variety of data rates and formats including synchronous, asynchronous and plesiochronous. These modules include: high-speed synchronous data up to Mbps for 1Base LAN, V.35, X.21, RS-449 and TTL 1BaseT Ethernet LAN bridging four-port asynchronous data up to 38.4 kbps for RS-232 and RS-449 five-port synchronous data up to 19.2 kbps for RS-232 high-speed synchronous data that can be optionally decoupled from the network timing at any data rate up to Bbps Program Audio Modules: Program audio modules provide digital transport for signals up to 2 khz stereo. They are available with analog or AES/EBU input or output. These modules include: linear, uncompressed 15 khz stereo audio with minimum delay apt-x1 4:1 compressed audio for signals up to 2 Khz stereo with low delay ITU-T J.42 audio that employs 14:11 and 15:11 instantaneous companding full-duplex codec modules that provide MPEG Layer 2 and Layer 3 (MP3) compressed audio for the highest fidelity stereo audio relative to bandwidth

85 Channel Module Overview Introduction to Intraplex Channel Modules 4-3 Video Modules: Video codec modules support H.261 compliant video transmissions in simplex and duplex configurations. Applications for these modules include imaging, surveillance, remote monitoring, conferencing, and video distribution. These modules include: NTSC and PAL video encoder, decoder, and duplex configurations 16 kps Mbps Additional enhanced features of Intraplex access products are available to support low delay, fast synchronization and other robust transmission requirements. Call Intraplex for assistance with network design, planning, application support, training, and the latest listing of available channel modules: (978) Simplex vs. Duplex Channel Modules Most circuit types, such as voice and two-way data circuits, are full-duplex a ; that is, they support simultaneous two-way operation. Full-duplex circuits require identical full-duplex (transmit/receive) channel modules at both ends of the channel they occupy within an ACS-16 system. Other circuit types, such as program audio channels, are simplex; that is, they always have a transmitter module at one end and a receiver module at the other. Figure 4-1 on page 4-4 illustrates channel module configuration by showing multiple channel modules of various types in a three-site system, using both terminal and drop/insert multiplexers Channel Modules in Point-to-Point versus Point-to-Multipoint Circuits Most circuits provided by ACS-16 systems are point-to-point. However, several types of channel modules can be configured for point-to-multipoint operation. For example, a single program audio transmitter module and several program audio receiver modules can be set up in a point-to-multipoint or "broadcast" circuit configuration, allowing multiple locations to receive the same program audio signal without the need for tandem decoding and re-encoding at each receive site. To achieve this, set all the receive modules to the same time slots as the transmit module. Similarly, data polling channel modules can be used to configure point-to-multipoint data circuits. In this arrangement, all the polling modules are set to use the same time slot, but each responds only when it receives the Request-To-Send (RTS) signal. a. 1 Most full-duplex (two-way) channel modules can also be set up to operate in a simplex (one-way) mode.

86 4-4 Channel Module Overview Introduction to Intraplex Channel Modules Figure 4-1 Setting channel module direction and time slots

87 Channel Module Overview Introduction to Intraplex Channel Modules Relationship Between Circuits and Time Slots As discussed in Section 6.3.1, T1 Digital Transmission, on page 6-19, the T1 circuit consists of twenty-four 64 kbps time slots in each direction. Some types of channel modules use a single time slot to provide one or more circuits. For example, a single-port data module may use one time slot to transmit one data circuit operating at 64 kbps, while a five-port data module may use one time slot to transmit up to five data circuits, each operating at 9.6 kbps. Other types of channel modules require multiple time slots per circuit. For example, wideband data modules may be configured to operate at rates up to Mbps and therefore may use from one to twenty-four time slots, simplex or full duplex, within a given T1 circuit. Similarly, high fidelity audio channel modules may use up to eighteen time slots to support one 15 khz, CD-quality stereo circuit. Keep in mind, however, that one-way channels (high fidelity audio modules and data modules operating in simplex mode) use time slots in one direction of the T1 circuit only; the same time slots remain available for other one-way channels in the return direction.

88 4-6 Channel Module Overview Channel Module Configuration Guidelines 4.3 Channel Module Configuration Guidelines Physical Slots Channel modules may be placed into any available physical slots in the multiplexer. Make sure that an appropriate module adapter is installed behind each channel module. As described in Section 4.2.4, Relationship Between Circuits and Time Slots, on page 4-5, a given channel module may use one or more of the twenty-four 64 kbps time slots provided by each direction of a T1 circuit. In addition, unless the individual channel module manual states otherwise, a given channel module may be assigned to any available time slot or group of time slots within a T1 circuit, regardless of its physical location (slot) in an ACS-16 Series multiplexer. Therefore, it is important to distinguish physical slots on the multiplexer from time slots within T1 circuits. They are not directly related Time Slots Terminal Multiplexers. An ACS-163 (or ACS-167) terminates one T1 circuit. Therefore, regardless of the number of physical slots available, the total number of 64 kbps time slots occupied by the channel modules cannot exceed 24. An ACS-166 (or ACS-169) terminates two separate T1 circuits; the channel modules for each circuit may occupy up to 24 time slots. Drop/Insert Multiplexers. An ACS-165 (or ACS-168) terminates two interconnected T1 circuits: one via the DI-A common module, and one via the DI-B common module. All incoming time slots from each T1 circuit that do not terminate at the drop/insert multiplexer automatically pass through to the outgoing side of the other T1 circuit. Therefore, regardless of the number of physical slots available, the total number of time slots occupied by channel modules terminating channels of the DI-A circuit is limited to 24 minus the number of through time slots from DI-B to DI-A. Similarly, the total number of time slots that can be occupied by channel modules terminating channels of the DI-B circuit is limited to 24 minus the number of through time slots from DI-A to DI-B. A channel module set to transmit on a given time slot will override the data coming through on that time slot from the other T1 direction. For example, suppose a drop/insert multiplexer contains only one channel module, set up to transmit via the DI-A common module on time slots 4 and 5. In that case, on the outgoing T1 signal of the DI-A module, time slots 1 to 3 and 6 to 24 will contain data passed through from the incoming T1 signal of the DI-B module, while time slots 4 and 5 will contain data generated by the local channel module.

89 Channel Module Overview Channel Module Configuration Guidelines 4-7 On an Intraplex drop/insert multiplexer, the channels passing from the DI-A circuit to the DI-B circuit are independent of those passing from the DI-B circuit to the DI-A circuit; the same time slot may contain a full-duplex voice or data channel, or it may contain unrelated one-way channels in each direction. The total capacity in each direction is 24 time slots; unused time slots in one direction cannot be added to the time slot capacity in the other direction. Assigning Time Slots. Generally, a channel module may be assigned to use any available time slot (or group of time slots). However, when assigning time slot usage in a multiplexer that contains a variety of channel modules, keep the following points in mind: 1. If the system contains a wideband data module, set the other modules to use the lower time slots (1 through N), and the wideband module to use time slots starting just above them (N+1 and up). Later, if you wish to increase the data rate on the wideband module, you can do so without having to change the settings on the other modules. 2. In a system where the T1 circuit is using AMI line coding, circuit availability can be impaired by insufficient ones density in the digital bitstream. There are several things you can do to prevent this: In a system that has several program audio channels (for example, three bandwidth-efficient audio modules each using four time slots), separate their time slot assignments by at least one. You can do this by assigning a different type of channel between them (for example, program audio on time slots 1 through 4, voice on time slot 5, program audio on time slots 6 through 9, data on time slot 1, and so forth). Alternatively, if the system allows, you may leave an unused time slot between each program audio time slot group (unused time slots are filled with "all ones" by default). 3. If a program audio module contains a data scrambler, you may turn the scrambler on. 4. When there are several individual 64 kbps data circuits, separate these by placing lower-rate data, voice, or unused time slots between them. 5. When using wideband data modules, set them either to use alternate time slots, or to use only 56 kbps per time slot. Note: The above considerations are not necessary when the T1 circuit is set up for B8ZS line coding. Use B8ZS whenever possible.

90 4-8 Channel Module Overview Channel Module Configuration Guidelines Channel Module Communication Direction Every Intraplex channel module has a switch that determines whether it communicates via the DI-A or DI-B port on a drop/insert multiplexer; this switch is generally labeled TX-A or TERM. Consult Appendix A, Individual Channel Modules, to determine the location and labeling of this switch on each type of module. In a terminal multiplexer, this switch must always be set on. In a drop/insert multiplexer, set this switch on to have the module transmit and receive via the DI-A T1 port (that is, the T1 line connected to the CM-5 module set to DI-A mode), and off to have the module communicate via the DI-B T1 port. On some older channel modules, there are two switches; one selects the transmit direction and the other selects the receive direction. These two switches should always be set to opposite directions: In a terminal multiplexer or to communicate via the DI-A port in a drop/insert multiplexer, set the switches to transmit A, receive B To communicate via the DI-B port in a drop/insert multiplexer, set the switches to transmit B, receive A The use of the transmit direction switches is illustrated in Figure 4-1 on page 4-4. Section , Drop and Insert Operation: The Role of the Signal Bus, on page 6-2, describes the effect of these switches on the internal working of the multiplexer. It is important to note that the channel module transmit direction (A or B) denotes which CM-5 common module the channel communicates through; it does not correspond to a particular geographic direction such as East or West, or to a particular topological direction, such as towards Location 2 or towards Location 1. For example, in Figure 4-1 on page 4-4 the voice modules at the two ends of Circuit #2 are both set to transmit in the A direction, even though they actually transmit in opposite directions over the same T1 facility. The transmit A direction setting means that each communicates via the CM-5 module in physical slot 1 of its respective shelf: the terminal module at Site 1, and the DI-A module at Site Power Available for Channel Modules Main Shelf. Each shelf's power supply must provide sufficient power for all the common and channel modules in that shelf. Some module adapters also contain active components that draw power. Table 4-1 on page 4-9 lists the nominal power requirements for all current Intraplex common and channel modules, and for those module adapters with active components.

91 Channel Module Overview Channel Module Configuration Guidelines 4-9 Table 4-1 Nominal power requirements for modules and module adapters Module Nominal Power Used (Watts) Modules Nominal Power Used (Watts) Common Modules CM-3A 3.1 CM-5F 3.1 CM CM-5TD 3.4 Channel Modules D-1 3. PR-D DA-191A/B 1.2 PT-D35 3. DS-64NC 2.5 PR-D DS-961D 1.2 PT-D DT-7 2. PR-D PT-15A 4.7 PT-D PR-15A 6.6 PR-D PT TM-5.4 PR VF PT-35B 3. VF PR-35B 3.4 VF PT VF PR VF PT-D VF PR-D VF PT-D25 3. VS Active Module Adapters a MA-213M 2.6 MA MA-213L 2.6 MA MA MA MA MA MA MA a. Module adapters not on this list have no active components and need not be taken into consideration when calculating power requirements.

92 4-1 Channel Module Overview Channel Module Configuration Guidelines Caution: Use Table 4-1 as a rough guide only - channel modules actually draw varying amounts of current from each of several different voltages in the multiplexer. When adding new modules to a multiplexer with a 5-watt power supply, if the nominal power requirement exceeds 35 watts, call Intraplex Customer Service to determine whether that configuration may in fact overload the power supply. Remember to include the CM-5 common modules at 3.1 watts each; one in a terminal multiplexer, and two in a dual terminal or drop/insert multiplexer. Redundant CM-5s must also be included in calculating total power consumption. For example, a drop/insert multiplexer with full common module redundancy will have 37.6 watts available for channel modules on its main shelf (5 watts minus 37.6 watts for four CM-5 modules). Intraplex produces an optional 1-watt power supply for use in full-size (3RU) multiplexers whose power requirements exceed 5 watts Power Supply Redundancy All 3RU ACS-16 Series multiplexers may be equipped with two identical power supplies for redundancy. If the primary supply fails, the redundant supply ensures uninterrupted operation. The second supply is strictly a backup to the first, not an increase in available power; the total shelf power is the individual capacity of either supply. For example, an ACS-163 terminal multiplexer equipped with a single 5 watt power supply would have 46.9 watts available for channel modules (5 watts minus 3.1 watts for the CM-5 module); equipped with two 5 watt power supplies, it would still have 46.9 watts available for channel modules, not 96.9 watts. There are, however, larger power supplies available that can provide the necessary power. (See Section 8.1, Power, on page 8-5 for further details.)

93 Channel Module Overview Adding Channel Modules to Existing Systems Adding Channel Modules to Existing Systems It is not necessary to power down an existing system in order to add new channel modules to it. However, to install new channel modules into an existing system without affecting other in-service channels, always follow these two basic rules. Before installing a new channel module: 1. Verify that sufficient shelf power is available (see the previous section). 2. Verify time slot availability and set time slot and channel direction accordingly Physical Slot Selection The new channel module can be placed into any available physical slot on the shelf Setting Channel Module Direction Set the channel module transmit/receive direction using the guidelines listed in Section 4.3.3, Channel Module Communication Direction, on page Setting Channel Module Transmit/Receive Time Slot Use these guidelines for setting the transmit and receive time slots for each channel modules (Figure 4-1 on page 4-4 illustrates this information). 1. In each direction of transmission, always set up the two channel modules at either end of a new channel to use the same time slot or slots. That is, on a channel between Locations 1 and 2, the transmit time slot at Location 1 must be the same as the receive time slot at Location 2, and the transmit time slot at Location 2 must be the same as the receive time slot at Location When adding a pair of one-way modules to transmit from Point A to Point B and a similar pair to transmit from Point B to Point A, use the same time slot in both directions of transmission, if possible. This is not a requirement, but should reduce the chance of making record-keeping errors. 3. Always select time slots that are not occupied by other channels in any T1 facility traversed by the new channel. In drop/insert systems with four or more locations, be careful not to ignore time slots occupied by channels between intermediate drop/insert multiplexers.

94 4-12 Channel Module Overview Adding Channel Modules to Existing Systems Channel Module Installation Procedure 1. At Location 1, install and wire the module adapter provided with the channel module (see Figure 4-2). 2. Install the channel module at Location 1. Caution: If the ALARM or ALERT indicator on the power supply turns on, remove the channel module immediately. 3. If available, activate the local (equipment) loopback on the channel module itself and perform local loopbacks tests on this module (see Appendix A for details on each channel module). 4. Before leaving Location 1, be sure to remove the channel loopback. Make sure that no alarm or alert indicators are on. 5. At Location 2, install and wire the module adapter provided with the second channel module. 6. Install the channel module at Location 2. Caution: If the ALARM or ALERT indicator on the power supply turns on, remove the channel module immediately. 7. If available, activate the local (equipment) loopback on the channel module itself and perform local loopback tests on this module (see Appendix A). 8. Remove the channel loopback. 9. If desired, perform end-to-end tests or single-ended (far-end loopback) tests with the other site. 1. Ensure no alarm or alert indicators are on. Figure 4-2 Side view of a 3RU shelf (or top view of a 1RU shelf) showing insertion of modules and module adapters

95 Section 5 Testing and Troubleshooting What is in this section? 5.1 Overview Recommended Tools and Equipment ACS-16 Series Monitor & Control Features Diagnostic Functions System Check-Out Procedures Using Test Equipment With an ACS-16 System Troubleshooting

96 5-2 Testing and Troubleshooting Overview 5.1 Overview This section describes the testing and troubleshooting procedures for the ACS-16 Series multiplexers, and provides an overview of the types of procedures used for testing payload channels. It includes an introduction to the use of the ACS-16 switches and indicators, T1 loopbacks, T1 test equipment, and channel test equipment for in-service and out-of-service testing. Specific channel test procedures for each type of channel module supplied with this system are located in the testing section of each channel module manual found in Appendix A. The two most common test situations are: Bench testing, when two (or more) multiplexers are set up side by side on a test bench before the actual field installation. Field testing, when the system has been installed but either is not yet in service, or has been taken out of service for maintenance or repair. The procedures in this section are generally useful for both types of test situations. Differences between the two are noted where they occur. While these procedures do not require the use of remote control, a laptop PC connected to the multiplexer's remote port can be helpful. Remote control can also be used to activate loopbacks in the far end multiplexer during field testing. See Section 7, Remote Control Operation on page 7-1 for details on using the remote interface. 5.2 Recommended Tools and Equipment The following is a list of the recommended equipment for testing and troubleshooting: basic telecommunications installation tools (screwdrivers, wire stripper, etc.) volt-ohm meter (VOM) T1 test set. Basic ACS-16 Series test procedures do not require the use of a T1 test set. However, you may need T1 test sets in some instances, such as to isolate an intermittent problem three-conductor cable with bantam plugs on each end for access to the T1 test jacks on the CM-5 module(s). This cable may made up by the user, or may be obtained from a commercial source test equipment for the payload channels (recommended equipment is listed in the testing section of each channel module manual found in Appendix A)

97 Testing and Troubleshooting ACS-16 Series Monitor & Control Features ACS-16 Series Monitor & Control Features The front edge of the CM-5 common module contains several jacks, switches and indicators (Figure 5-1). These fall into three basic categories: Test access: The left side of the module contains T1 input and output test jacks. These jacks are described in Section 5.6.1, T1 Test Jacks, on page 5-2. Configuration: The center section contains four items that work together to enable the user to view and change operational parameters of the card. These are the GROUP and SET/NEXT switches, a four-character alphanumeric display for abbreviated group and function names, and a bi-level indicator (green on top, red on the bottom) that indicates whether the function shown on the display is currently active. Status Monitoring: On the right side of the module are twelve indicators for T1 status, primary timing status, loopback activity, and CPU activity. Four additional system status indicators are located on the power supply, and are visible when the front cover of the shelf is closed (see Figure 5-1and Figure 5-2 on page 5-4). Table 5-1 on page 5-4 summarizes the meaning of the indicators on both the CM-5 module and the power supply. For more detailed descriptions of their functions, see Section 6.2.3, CM-5 User Interface, on page 6-1. Figure 5-1 Front view of the CM-5 module Note: Because CM-5 modules install vertically in 3RU multiplexers, up and down on the toggle switches actually refer to the user's right and left respectively in an ACS-163, ACS-165, or ACS-166 (Figure 5-2 on page 5-4).

98 5-4 Testing and Troubleshooting ACS-16 Series Monitor & Control Features Figure 5-2 GROUP and SET/NEXT switches in a 3RU shelf Down Up Table 5-1 Summary of status indicators Indicator category (location) Label (color) Description (when lit) T1 Status (CM-5) Timing (CM-5) TX OUT (green) RX IN (green) ERR (yellow) BPV (yellow) FRM (red) YEL (yellow) AIS (yellow) LOOP (green) Transmit output is present Receive input is present. Blinks steadily when the receive input signal is all ones, a yellow alarm, or has excess jitter. This indicator may blink erratically if there is noise on the line Errors are detected Bipolar violations are detected T1 signal is out of frame or no signal is being received Receiving a yellow alarm Alarm indication signal (all ones) Loop timing is active (through timing on a drop & insert multiplexer) Internal timing is active External timing is active INT (green) EXT (green) System status (CM-5) LPBK (yellow) Any internal loopback is active CPU (red) The CM-5 module s central processing unit has failed

99 Testing and Troubleshooting Diagnostic Functions 5-5 Table 5-1 Summary of status indicators (continued) Indicator category (location) Label (color) Description (when lit) System status (power supply) POWER (green) NORMAL (green) ALERT (yellow) ALARM (red) The multiplexer is powered No alert or alarm is present An alert condition exists (see Section on page 5-3) An alarm condition exists (see Section on page 5-31) 5.4 Diagnostic Functions The ACS-16 system provides several internal functions that assist in testing and troubleshooting, as described in the following sections Using T1 Loopbacks (LPBK Group) The LPBK group activates and deactivates the three T1 loopbacks - equipment, line, or payload - provided by the CM-5 module. Generally, only one loopback is active at a time. However, the CM-5 loopbacks are independent of each other; for example, it may be useful to have the line and equipment loopbacks active at the same time. Caution: Do not activate the Payload and Equipment Loopbacks simultaneously. This sets up a feedback condition which sends the multiplexer into an alarm state. If the LPBK indicator on a CM-5 module is on, then one or more of its T1 loopbacks is active. Figure 5-3 illustrates the location of the three loopbacks in relation to the channel modules and T1 circuit, and Table 5-2 on page 5-6 describes their functions.

100 5-6 Testing and Troubleshooting Diagnostic Functions Figure 5-3 T1 loopbacks Table 5-2 Function LnLB PaLB EqLB LPBK group Description Line loopback. When the line loopback is active, the entire T1 signal received by this module is looped that is, passed through to its T1 output. Line code and frame format are passed from input to output without modification. Thus, all line code (bipolar) violations, frame bit errors, and CRC-6 errors received by the CM-5 are retransmitted without correction. The line loopback forces the transmitted signal to be synchronized to the received signal. However, as Figure 5-3 on page 5-6, the line loopback is located behind the CM-5 jitter buffer so that any received jitter is attenuated. Thus, while its line loopback is active, a CM-5 is essentially loop timed Payload loopback. When the payload loopback is active, the payload portion of the received T1 signal is looped that is, inserted into the payload portion of the transmitted signal. However, the line code and overhead bits (frame format) of the transmitted signal are generated by the CM-5 itself. Thus line code violations, frame bit errors, and CRC-6 errors received by the CM-5 are not passed through. While the payload loopback is active, the CM-5 is automatically forced into the loop timed mode. However, once the payload loopback is deactivated, the CM-5 will return to its primary timing mode, which is the timing mode set by the user Equipment loopback. When the equipment loopback of a CM-5 is active, the payload portion of the transmitted T1 signal is looped into the payload portion of the received T1 signal. Thus, the equipment loopback may be used to perform a local loopback test on all of the payload circuits terminated by a CM-5. While its equipment loopback is active, a CM-5 transmits an unframed all ones signal, also known as the alarm indication signal (AIS)

101 Testing and Troubleshooting Diagnostic Functions Reviewing or Changing the State of a Loopback. To review the state of the loopbacks on a given CM-5 module: 1. Press up or down on the GROUP switch to display the LPBK group. 2. Press down on the SET/NEXT switch one or more times to display the desired loopback function. The green (top) section of the bi-level indicator next to the FUNCTION display will turn on if the displayed loopback is active while the red (bottom) section will turn on if it is not. 3. To change the state of the displayed loopback, press up twice on the SET/NEXT switch. The bi-level indicator will change state to indicate that the desired setup change has taken place. This is a toggle-type function; if the displayed loopback is off, pressing up twice on the SET/NEXT switch turns it on; if the displayed loopback is on, pressing up twice on the SET/NEXT switch turns it off. If you do not want to change the state of the displayed loopback, press down on the SET/NEXT switch to display a different loopback, or press up or down on the GROUP switch to leave the LPBK group altogether The Meaning of Blinking Indicators (BLNK Group) The BLNK group contains messages that help explain what is happening when the receive input (RX IN) indicator or any of the CM-5 timing indicators are blinking (Table 5-3). For example, if a CM-5 receiver detects an all ones signal, then its RX IN indicator blinks, and Rx11 appears in its BLNK group. Messages appear in the BLNK group only when they are applicable; when no indicators are blinking, the BLNK group is empty. Table 5-3 BLNK group Message Ftim NLLB NPLB Description Fallback timing. Ftim appears in the BLNK group when one of the timing indicators is blinking. It indicates that the CM-5 transmitter is in its fallback internal timing mode. This occurs when the CM-5 is configured to operate in the looped, through, or external timing modes, but cannot do so, generally because of a T1 facility, CM-5, or external timing source failure. The INT indicator stays on continuously while the CM-5 is in the fallback internal timing mode Network is requesting a line loopback Network is requesting a payload loopback

102 5-8 Testing and Troubleshooting Diagnostic Functions Table 5-3 BLNK group (continued) Message RxYI Rx11 Tx11 TxYl XsJt Description Receive all ones. Rx11 appears in the BLNK group when the CM-5 receiver detects a framed or unframed all ones signal. This may indicate that the far end shelf is idle or set to equipment loopback. An unframed all ones is a T1 alarm indication signal (AIS). Rx11 also appears when the T1 carries payload that consists of nearly all ones; specifically, when there are fewer than three zeroes in two consecutive T1 frames Receive all ones. Rx11 appears in the BLNK group when the CM-5 receiver detects a framed or unframed all ones signal. This may indicate that the far end shelf is idle or set to equipment loopback. An unframed all ones is a T1 alarm indication signal (AIS). Rx11 also appears when the T1 carries payload that consists of nearly all ones; specifically, when there are fewer than three zeroes in two consecutive T1 frames Transmit AIS. Alarm indication signal transmit unframed, all-ones signal. Transmit yellow alarm. Transmit zeros in bit two of all time slots. Excess jitter. XsJt appears in the BLNK group when the CM-5 T1 receiver jitter buffer has overflowed. This normally indicates that the received T1 signal contains excessive timing jitter To View the BLNK Group. If an indicator on the CM-5 is blinking, take the following steps to determine the cause(s): 1. Press up or down on the GROUP switch until the display reads BLNK. 2. Press down on the SET/NEXT switch to display the BLNK group contents. If there is more than one item in the BLNK group, pressing down on the SET/NEXT switch repeatedly will cycle through the messages. 3. To leave the BLNK group, press up or down on the GROUP switch Reviewing Performance Data (RVU1 Group) The functions in the RVU1 group provide status information on the phase-locked-loops, input/output timing lock, and jitter buffer (Table 5-4 on page 5-9). The items in the RVU1 group, unlike the items in the BLNK group, are always available for review. The state of each RVU1 function is indicated by the bi-level indicator located just to the right of the four-character function display on the CM-5. Use the following procedure to view the contents of the RVU1 group: 1. Press up or down on the GROUP switch until the display reads RVU1. 2. Press down repeatedly on the SET/NEXT switch to cycle through its contents. 3. To leave the RVU1 group, press up or down on the GROUP switch.

103 Testing and Troubleshooting Diagnostic Functions 5-9 Table 5-4 RVU1 group Function TxLk Description Transmit lock. When TxLk is displayed, the bi-level on/off indicator signifies the status of the T1 transmitter PLL For looped or external timing, if the top (green) indicator is lit, then the transmitter PLL is locked. For internal timing, this indicator should be on all the time If the bottom (red) indicator is lit, then the transmitter PLL is not locked RxLk Receive lock. When RxLk is displayed, the bi-level on/off indicator signifies the status of the T1 receiver PLL If the top (green) indicator is lit, then the receiver PLL is locked If the bottom (red) indicator is lit, then the receiver PLL is not locked TxRx Transmit/Receive clocks. When the TxRx is displayed, the bi-level on/off indicator signifies whether or not the transmit and receive bus clocks are synchronized If the top (green) indicator is lit, then the transmit and receive bus clocks are synchronized If the bottom (red) indicator is lit, then the transmit and receive bus clocks are not synchronized If the top (green) and bottom (red) indicators are toggling on and off, then the transmit and receive signals are not synchronized, but their frequencies are close. In this situation, each flash of the bottom (red) indicator corresponds to a relative phase change of one T1 unit interval (UI) or about 648ns. A relative phase change of one UI is sometimes called a "bit slip."

104 5-1 Testing and Troubleshooting Diagnostic Functions Table 5-4 RVU1 group (continued) Function XsJt Description Excess jitter. When XsJt is displayed, the bi-level on/off indicator signifies whether or not the receiver jitter buffer depth has been exceeded. The default buffer depth is 32 UI peak-to-peak (1 UI = 648ns, so 32 UI = 2.7µs) If the top (green) indicator is lit, then the jitter buffer depth is exceeded (jitter >32 UI peak-to-peak, assuming a factory default buffer depth) If the bottom (red) indicator is lit, then the jitter buffer depth is not exceeded (jitter <=32 UI peak-to-peak, assuming a factory default buffer depth) Other Diagnostic Data (DIAG Group) Table 5-5 The DIAG (diagnostic) group displays some basic T1 common module information, and enables a reset to factory default settings (Table 5-5). Use the following procedure to view the contents of the DIAG group: 1. Press up or down on the GROUP switch until the display reads DIAG. 2. Press down repeatedly on the SET/NEXT switch to cycle through the functions in the DIAG group. 3. To leave the DIAG group, press up or down on the GROUP switch. DIAG group Function T1 Description Indicates the multiplexing mode of the module. In an ACS-16 series multiplexer, this is always T1 #.## Indicates the module s firmware version Fcty Factory reset. Set this function (by pushing up twice on the SET/NEXT switch while Fcty is displayed) to return the module to its factory default configuration: Framing = ESF Line Code = B8ZS Timing = Internal (terminal multiplexers), or Through (drop/insert multiplexers) Line Loopback = OFF Payload Loopback = OFF Equipment Loopback = OFF A factory reset does not affect any settings on the multiplexer other than those listed above

105 Testing and Troubleshooting Diagnostic Functions Alerts & Alarms Conditions Causing an Alert In the factory default setting for most applications (except STL PLUS see Section for details), the ACS-16 will signal an ALERT condition when one or more of the following events occurs: receiving yellow alarm (RX IN indicator blinking and RxYl appears in the BLNK group) receiving alarm indication signal (RX IN indicator blinking and Rx AIS appears in the BLNK group) channel module timeslot conflict any internal loopback active (LPBK indicator on) network requested loopback (LPBK indicator blinking) loss of primary timing (fallback timing is activated and the timing indicator corresponding to the currently selected primary timing mode will be blinking) single power supply failure (POWER FAIL indicator on) if using the redundant power supply option alarm cut-off (ACO) switch on alert at one or more channel modules (alert indicator lights on the card or cards in the alert state) excess jitter loss of network management communications continuity network management communications are out of frame channel card conflict switching to a redundant common module

106 5-12 Testing and Troubleshooting Diagnostic Functions Conditions Causing an Alarm In the factory default setting for most applications (except STL PLUS see Section for details), the ACS-16 will signal an ALARM condition when one or more of the following events occurs: loss of receive signal (RX IN indicator off) CPU failed (CPU indicator on) signal present but out-of-frame (RX IN and FRM indicators on) no transmit output (TX OUT indicator off) alarm at one or more channel modules (Alarm indicator lights on the card or cards in alarm state) Note: The ALARM indicator also lights briefly when power is first applied to the system Studio-Transmitter Link (STL) Alarms The CM-5 has a selectable set of alarm conditions specifically for STL applications. The STL alarm criteria include changes to the AIS, TXOUT, and BER alarms. You can change the CM-5 from the factory default standard alarms to the STL alarm using the advanced configuration group. For more information, see Section 3.4, CM-5 Advanced Configuration Group Menu, on page AIS and TXOUT Alarms For STL alarms, an incoming AIS is an alarm (not an alert) For STL alarms, a TXOUT alarm (T1 transmitter fail) is an alert (not an alarm) Bit Error Rate (BER) Alarms For STL alarms, the CM-5 has a fixed BER alarm threshold of 1-3 as measured over a one second interval BER Alarm Indications in ISiCL When the STL alarms are enabled, ISiCL can indicate a bit error alarm condition when responding to the STATUS? command: RECEIVING 1^-3 BIT ERROR RATE

107 Testing and Troubleshooting System Check-Out Procedures Enabling the STL Alarms 1. Press down repeatedly on the GROUP switch. As the display changes to read DIAG, hold the switch down do not release it. 2. While holding the GROUP switch down (the display must still read DIAG), press up once on the SET/NEXT switch. The display changes to read FTIM. 3. Release both switches. You are now in the advanced configuration group. Note: Although you can cycle through the CM-5 groups by pressing repeatedly either up or down on the GROUP switch, you can only enter the advanced configuration group by pressing down on the switch to reach DIAG; that is, as the display cycles from RVU1 to DIAG. 4. Press down repeatedly on the SET/NEXT switch until the display reads CUST. Notice that CUST is underscored. This indicates an additional subgroup. 5. Press up once on the SET/NEXT switch to display Std, which is the first of three CUST options. 6. Press down once on the SET/NEXT switch to display STL. 7. Press up twice on the SET/NEXT switch. After the first press the green (top) indicator blinks, indicating that a change is about to be made. After the second press it turns on continuously, indicating that the STL Alarms are now enabled. 5.5 System Check-Out Procedures The procedures in this section are general guides to testing a newly installed ACS-16 system prior to bringing the system on line. (If you are using a redundant CM-5, remove the inactive CM-5 for this test.) Note the following overall guidelines: 1. Start at the master timing location - that is, at the terminal multiplexer that is internally or externally timed. If both terminal multiplexers are loop timed, start at either end. 2. In a drop and insert system, check out locations in the order in which they appear in the system. 3. Test each location locally before performing system tests. Use the procedure in Section on page 5-14 for terminal multiplexers and the procedure in Section on page 5-17 for drop/insert multiplexers. 4. After performing the system-level tests described in this section, you may also wish to test the individual circuits formed by the channel modules in the multiplexers. Consult the individual channel module manuals in Appendix A for recommended test procedures for each type of circuit. 5. If these procedures do not produce the desired test results, consult Section 5.7 on page 5-26 for troubleshooting assistance.

108 5-14 Testing and Troubleshooting System Check-Out Procedures Testing a Terminal Multiplexer Use the following procedure to check out a terminal multiplexer (ACS-163 or ACS-167). On a dual multiplexer (ACS-166 or ACS-169), perform this procedure once on each CM-5. It is assumed that this multiplexer is already installed, wired, and powered, but is not yet in service. (If you are using a redundant CM-5, remove the inactive CM-5 for this test.) 1. Verify that the CM-5 is in the TERM mode. To do this: Remove the active CM-5 for a few seconds, then re-insert it. Observe that it displays TERM. If it does, go to Step 2. If it does not, then check and if necessary correct the mode switch settings on the MA-215 module adapter at the rear of the shelf (see Section 3.3, CM-5 Basic Configuration Group Menu, on page 3-2). 2. For testing purposes, the terminal should be set to use its internal timing oscillator. To set the CM-5 transmitter timing to internal: Press down repeatedly on the GROUP switch until the display shows TIME. Press down on the SET/NEXT switch several times until the display shows INT. If the top (green) portion of the bi-level indicator next to the display comes on, then timing is already set to internal. Proceed to Step 3. Otherwise, press up on the SET/NEXT switch twice to change the timing setting to internal. The green indicator should now be on. 3. Verify that T1 line code and frame format are set correctly for the T1 service available. Note: Always use ESF framing and B8ZS line code unless your CSU or T1 service provider cannot support them. Press down repeatedly on the GROUP switch until the display shows TSEL. Press down repeatedly on the SET/NEXT switch until the display shows the desired frame format (SF or ESF). If the green portion of the bi-level indicator is on, then this frame format is selected. If the green indicator is off, press up twice on the SET/NEXT switch to select this format. Press down on the SET/NEXT switch to display the desired line code (B8ZS or AMI). Again, if the green indicator is on, then line code is set to the displayed value. Otherwise, press up twice on the SET/NEXT switch to change the line code to the displayed value. 4. Disconnect the T1 input/output connector (RJ-48C) from the MA-215 at the rear of the CM-5 (or the DB-15 from the MA-216). 5. Establish a local T1 loopback in one of two ways:

109 Testing and Troubleshooting System Check-Out Procedures 5-15 Create an external loopback by connecting a Bantam-Bantam patch cord from the T1 OUT EQUIP jack to the T1 IN EQUIP jack. Create an internal equipment loopback by using the GROUP and SET/NEXT switches to activate the EqLB function (see Section on page 5-5). 6. Unseat all the channel modules in the multiplexer by pulling on their eject tabs, but do not remove them completely from the shelf. With no channel modules active, the T1 transmitter produces an all ones signal, which will be looped back to the T1 receiver. At this point, verify that the indicators respond as shown in Table 5-6 on page Press all the channel modules firmly back into their sockets. Perform one or more channel tests using available VF, data, and other type test sets. These tests may include level tests on voice channels, bit error tests on data channels, and so on (see Figure 5-9 on page 5-25). Note: Channel tests at this stage may be performed only on 4-wire voice channels or full-duplex data channels. 8. When channel tests are complete, take down the loopback either by removing the patch cord or by de-activating the equipment loopback. 9. In a field test only - if the network configuration requires this multiplexer to use a timing source other than internal, reset the timing source now: Press down repeatedly on the GROUP switch until the display shows TIME. Press down repeatedly on the SET/NEXT switch until the display shows the desired timing source (LOOP or EXT). Press up twice on the SET/NEXT switch to reset transmit timing to the source currently displayed. 1. Reconnect the T1 input/output connector (RJ-48C) to the MA-215 at the rear of the CM-5 (or DB-15 on the MA-216).

110 5-16 Testing and Troubleshooting System Check-Out Procedures Table 5-6 Indicators during terminal multiplexer loopback test Indicator Patch cord loopback EqLB loopback CM-5 CM-5 TX OUT ON ON RX IN BLINKS a OFF a ERR OFF OFF YEL OFF OFF BPV OFF OFF AIS OFF OFF FRM OFF OFF INT ON ON LPBK OFF b ON b CPU OFF OFF Power supply (s) NORMAL ON OFF ALERT OFF b ON b ALARM OFF OFF a. The RX IN indicator blinks to indicate detection of an all ones signal. With an internal (EqLB) loopback active, no signal reaches the T1 receiver. b. The LPBK and ALERT indicators only light when an internal loopback is activated, not when an external loopback is created.

111 Testing and Troubleshooting System Check-Out Procedures Testing a Drop/Insert Multiplexer For a typical three-site drop/insert system (terminal at location 1, drop/insert multiplexer at location 2, and terminal at location 3), test the terminal at location 1 first, then use the following procedure to test the drop/insert multiplexer at location 2, and test the terminal at location 3 last. In this procedure, DI-A refers to the CM-5 in physical slot 1, terminating the T1 line between locations 1 and 2, and DI-B refers to the CM-5 in slot 2, terminating the T1 line between locations 2 and 3. (If you are using a redundant CM-5, remove the inactive CM-5 for this test.) 1. Verify that the DI-A CM-5 is set to DI-A mode, and the DI-B CM-5 is set to DI-B mode. To do this: Remove each CM-5 for a few seconds, then re-insert it. Observe that it displays the correct mode (DI-A or DI-B). If it does, go to Step 2. If it does not, then check and if necessary correct the mode switch settings on the module adapter at the rear of the shelf. See Section 2.6, MA-215 and MA-217B Module Adapters, on page 2-7 for the specific settings for the MA-215 and MA-217B. 2. For each CM-5, verify that T1 line code and frame format are set correctly for the T1 service available. Note: Always use ESF framing and B8ZS line code unless your CSU or T1 service provider cannot support them. Press down repeatedly on the GROUP switch until the display shows TSEL. Press down repeatedly on the SET/NEXT switch until the display shows the desired frame format (SF or ESF). If the green portion of the bi-level indicator is on, then this frame format is selected. If the green indicator is off, press up twice on the SET/NEXT switch to select this format. Press down on the SET/NEXT switch to display the desired line code (B8ZS or AMI). Again, if the green indicator is on, then line code is set to the displayed value. Otherwise, press up twice on the SET/NEXT switch to change the line code to the displayed value. 3. Put one end of a T1 patch cord, or a 1 ohm termination plug, into the T1 IN EQUIP jack of the DI-B CM-5. This establishes a no signal condition at the DI-B T1 input, which forces the DI-A CM-5 to revert automatically to fallback (internal) timing. 4. Using a second patch cord, establish a loopback of the DI-A CM-5 by connecting its T1 OUT EQUIP jack with its T1 IN EQUIP jack. (Alternatively, activate the Equipment Loopback [EqLB] on the DI-A CM-5). 5. Once the loopback is established, verify that the indicators on the DI-A CM-5 respond as shown in Table 5-7 on page 5-18.

112 5-18 Testing and Troubleshooting System Check-Out Procedures Table 5-7 Indicators during drop & insert multiplexer loopback test for the DI-A CM-5 Indicator Patch cord loopback EqLB loopback CM-5 CM-5 (DI-A) TX OUT ON ON RX IN ON ON ERR OFF OFF YEL OFF OFF BPV OFF OFF AIS OFF OFF FRM OFF OFF LOOP BLINKING a BLINKING a INT ON ON LPBK OFF ON CPU OFF OFF Power supply (s) NORMAL OFF OFF ALERT ON ON ALARM OFF OFF a. In a drop & insert multiplexer, the LOOP indicator actually signifies the THRU timing. The indicator blinks to show that although this is the primary timing setting, the multiplexer is now using fallback (internal) timing. 6. Perform one or more channel tests on 4-wire voice channels or full-duplex data channels that terminate via the DI-A CM-5 (if such channels are present), as described in the terminal multiplexer test procedure above. 7. When channel tests are complete, take down the loopback on the DI-A CM-5 by removing the patch cord between the T1 OUT EQUIP and T1 IN EQUIP jacks, or by de-activating its Equipment Loopback (EqLB). 8. Remove the patch cord or termination plug that was plugged into the T1 IN EQUIP jack of the DI-B CM Using a patch cord, loop back the DI-B CM-5 by connecting its T1 OUT EQUIP jack with its T1 IN EQUIP jack. (Alternatively, activate the Equipment Loopback [EqLB] in the DI-B CM-5). At this point, both Drop/Insert CM-5s should be timed by the signal coming from the terminal multiplexer at location 1, which has already been tested. Therefore, the fallback timing trick is not needed to test the DI-B CM-5.

113 Testing and Troubleshooting System Check-Out Procedures Once the DI-B CM-5 is looped, verify that the indicators are responding as shown in Table With the DI-B CM-5 looped, perform all desired local loopback tests on the transmit/receive channel modules that are set up to terminate circuits coming in via the DI-B CM-5. As before, these tests may include loss measurements on voice and program channels, bit error tests on data channels, and so on. 12. Remove the loopback of the DI-B CM-5 by removing the patch cord or deactivating the Equipment Loopback. 13. At this point you may perform end-to-end tests on channels established between any two locations that have already been tested. Refer to the individual channel module sections in this binder for recommended test procedures. Table 5-8 Indicators during drop & insert multiplexer loopback test for the DI-B CM-5 Indicator Patch cord loopback EqLB loopback CM-5 CM-5 (DI-A and DI-B) TX OUT ON ON RX IN ON --- a ERR OFF OFF YELLOW OFF OFF BPV OFF OFF AIS OFF OFF FRM OFF OFF LOOP ON ON LPBK (DI-B only) OFF ON CPU OFF OFF Power supply (s) NORMAL ON OFF ALERT OFF ON ALARM OFF OFF a. The RX IN indicator on the DI-A CM-5 should be lit. However, when the internal equipment loopback is active, the state of RX IN of the DI-B CM-5 will depend on the signal coming from location 3, which has not yet been tested.

114 5-2 Testing and Troubleshooting Using Test Equipment With an ACS-16 System 5.6 Using Test Equipment With an ACS-16 System ACS-16 system tests can be performed at the T1 circuit level with the system in service or out of service. Tests can also be performed on individual channels within the system. The following sections describe these types of testing T1 Test Jacks Each CM-5 has two pairs of bantam jacks (T1 IN and T1 OUT) to provide test access to the T1 input and output signals. Each pair consists of one equipment (EQUIP) and one monitor (MON) jack (Figure 5-4). Figure 5-4 T1 test jacks The two equipment jacks are used for out-of-service testing. When a plug is inserted into the Equipment In jack, the incoming T1 signal from the MA-215 is disconnected from the T1 receiver on the CM-5 and a signal can be injected at this point to the CM-5. Similarly, when a plug is inserted into the Network Out jack, the output of the CM-5 T1 transmitter is disconnected from the MA-215 and a signal can be injected at this point to the network. The two monitor jacks are designed for in-service testing and are therefore equipped with isolation amplifiers. Because of these amplifiers, the T1 signals received and transmitted by the multiplexer can be monitored without affecting their levels.

115 Testing and Troubleshooting Using Test Equipment With an ACS-16 System Using T1 Test Equipment to Perform In-Service Tests When intermittent errors occur on one or more data channels, it is often helpful to perform in-service monitoring on the T1 facility. This is primarily useful in determining whether the channel errors are being caused by errors on the T1 facility, rather than by a fault in the channel module or in another section of the low-speed circuit. Use the following procedure to perform in-service monitoring of a T1 facility between two ACS-16 locations (Figure 5-5). This procedure will not affect any of the channel traffic between these locations. 1. To measure performance in the location 2 to location 1 direction, connect the DS1/T1 input of a T1 test set to the T1 IN MON jack on the multiplexer at location To measure performance in the location 1 to location 2 direction, connect the DS1/T1 input of a T1 test set to the T1 IN MON jack on the multiplexer at location 2. Figure 5-5 In-service monitoring of a T1 circuit

116 5-22 Testing and Troubleshooting Using Test Equipment With an ACS-16 System Hints for Interpreting Test Results on T1 systems using the ESF frame format, measure total CRC-6 errors, CRC-6 errored seconds, and CRC-6 severely errored seconds to determine overall facility performance check the CSUs (if present) for bipolar violations (BPVs) and other errors. Some CSUs can be set to recalculate CRC codes, in which case an incoming CRC error will not be passed along to the multiplexer for detection there on systems using the SF frame format, frame bit error counts can be used to detect the presence of a high bit error rate or a severe error burst. However, frame bit error monitoring cannot usually identify problems causing very low error rates check with your service provider to determine what level of error performance is guaranteed on your T1 circuit. Compare this with your actual test results Using T1 Test Equipment to Perform Out-of-Service Tests This section describes the use of T1 test equipment to test T1 facilities on an out-of-service basis. The tests described in this section can only be performed when you have access to a full end-to-end T1 circuit. If you have fractional T1 service, you cannot perform these tests. For compatibility with all carrier networks, the test equipment must be capable of generating framed T1 signals. If possible, use a QRSS (quasi-random signal source) test pattern. Consult your test set manual for setup requirements. As illustrated in Figure 5-6 on page 5-23, out-of-service tests can be performed by plugging a test set into the CSU at location 1, and sequentially activating three different loopbacks at location 2: a CSU line side loopback to test the T1 facility a line loopback in the ACS-16 multiplexer to test the both the facility and the connections between the CSU and the multiplexer a payload loopback in the ACS-16 multiplexer to test the facility, the connections, and the CM-5 in the location 2 multiplexer

117 Testing and Troubleshooting Using Test Equipment With an ACS-16 System 5-23 Figure 5-6 Out-of-service testing of a T1 circuit Using Analog or Data Test Equipment to Perform Channel Tests This section provides general principles for testing individual payload channels. Consult the manual sections for each type of channel module for specific channel test procedures in Appendix A. Test individual channels using the appropriate analog transmission measurement sets (TMS), digital bit error rate test sets (BERTS), and other related types of test equipment. You can perform tests on individual channels of in-service T1 systems without affecting the other channels carried in the same system. Figure 5-7 on page 5-24 shows a typical end-to-end data channel test. If the data channel module at location 2 has an internal loopback capability, activate that loopback to perform the test. If it does not, then use a loopback plug connected to the module adapter for that module. Figure 5-8 on page 5-24 illustrates an end-to-end test on a voice or program audio channel. For duplex voice channels, perform the test in each direction of the circuit. As shown in Figure 5-9 on page 5-25, you can perform local loopback tests on individual channel modules before putting a multiplexer into service by activating its equipment loopback, or by establishing a local loopback using a T1 patch cord. Loopback tests can only be performed on full-duplex 4-wire voice and data channels. Once a system is in-service, avoid using T1 loopbacks to test individual channels, because the entire T1 circuit will be out-of-service while the loopback is active.

118 5-24 Testing and Troubleshooting Using Test Equipment With an ACS-16 System Figure 5-7 Testing a data channel on an in-service T1 system Figure 5-8 Testing a voice or audio channel on an in-service T1 system

119 Testing and Troubleshooting Using Test Equipment With an ACS-16 System 5-25 Figure 5-9 Testing channel modules using a local T1 loopback or an out-of-service T1 system

120 5-26 Testing and Troubleshooting Troubleshooting 5.7 Troubleshooting This section presents a general approach to troubleshooting an ACS-16 system. It includes some basic guidelines, a typical troubleshooting procedure, and an explanation of the alerts and alarms generated by the ACS-16 Series. No procedure, however, can cover all possible situations. If you have reached what appears to be a dead end, or if the information in this section does not seem to apply to your case, please contact Intraplex customer service at (978) for assistance in troubleshooting your ACS-16 system. Figure 5-1 Basic trouble categories

121 Testing and Troubleshooting Troubleshooting Trouble Types ACS-16 system troubles fall into three basic categories (Figure 5-1 on page 5-26): setup errors T1 network problems ACS-16 equipment problems The basic objective of any troubleshooting procedure is to determine the type and location of a problem. Once this is accomplished, taking one of the following actions will usually restore the ACS-16 system: for setup problems, re-configure the multiplexer or multiplexers that are not set up correctly for public network problems, work with your Local or Inter-Exchange carrier to correct the situation. For private network problems, consult the network manager for equipment problems, replace the bad module or modules with spares Troubleshooting Guidelines Keep the following guidelines in mind when troubleshooting an ACS-16 system. 1. In general, always check for setup errors before performing in-service or out-of-service tests. Setup problems may not appear immediately. For example, if at installation time both multiplexers in a point-to-point system are incorrectly set to use AMI instead of B8ZS line coding, errors may not occur until later when a data pattern with insufficient ones density is transmitted. 2. If a trouble occurs on a single channel, always check to see if similar troubles exist on other channels. If troubles exist on multiple channels at the same time, then the source of the channel troubles is probably a T1 circuit or CM-5 failure, rather than several simultaneous channel module failures. 3. To isolate a soft trouble such as a low bit error rate on a data channel, or occasional clicks or pops on audio channels, try in-service T1 circuit monitoring (Section on page 5-21) before performing out-of-service testing. This can minimize overall circuit down-time. 4. To isolate hard trouble, for example when troubleshooting a system that is unavailable because of a high error rate or loss of frame synchronization, use a loopback procedure (Section on page 5-5) or perform an out-of-service test (Section on page 5-22). Once a system is in hard failure, you incur no additional down time by using these techniques.

122 5-28 Testing and Troubleshooting Troubleshooting Typical Troubleshooting Procedure The following procedure describes the typical sequence of steps involved in troubleshooting an ACS-16 system. 1. At each location, verify that the POWER indicator on the main power supply is on. If there is an expansion shelf in the location and it has its own power supply, verify that its POWER indicator is on as well. If the POWER indicator is off, then there is a power-related problem. Check the power source and power connections. If you suspect an internal problem on a power supply, check the voltages on the supply using the procedure described in Section 5, Testing the Power Supply below. 2. Check that the CPU indicator on the CM-5 is off. If this indicator is lit, the CPU (Central Processing Unit) on the CM-5 is bad. Replace the CM-5 module. 3. Remove and reinsert the CM-5 module (on a dual terminal or drop/insert multiplexer, do this once for each CM-5). When reinserted, the alphanumeric display will show the CM-5 mode (TERM, DI-A, or DI-B) for several seconds. If nothing appears on the display, replace the CM-5 module. If the wrong mode appears, correct the switch settings on the MA-215 (or MA-217B) associated with the CM-5 (see Section 2.6, MA-215 and MA-217B Module Adapters, on page 2-7 for setting the MA-215/MA-217B). 4. Check that the TX OUT indicator on the CM-5 is on. If this indicator is not lit, there is no transmit activity on the CM-5, and the module must be replaced. 5. Check that the multiplexer is in frame ; that is, it has T1 frame synchronization. When a multiplexer is in frame, the CM-5 FRM indicator is off. If the FRM indicator is lit and the RX IN indicator is off, there is no receive activity: Check the DTE (data terminal equipment) to which the multiplexer is connected (CSU or modem) and make sure it is set up and operating correctly. Check the cabling between the multiplexer and the DTE. See Section 2.7, Connecting T1 Circuit(s), on page 2-9 for the correct wiring. Check the equipment (multiplexer and DTE device) at the other end of the T1 circuit. Call your T1 carrier to verify that the T1 circuit is operating. If there is still no receive activity, the CM-5 may be bad. Replace it with a spare.

123 Testing and Troubleshooting Troubleshooting If both the FRM indicator and the RX IN indicator are lit, there is receive activity but no frame synchronization: Call your T1 carrier to find out what kind of frame format is in use on the T1 circuit. Make sure that this format is set correctly on the multiplexers (and the CSUs, if present) at both ends of the T1 circuit. If the frame format is set correctly but the system is still out of frame, the CM-5 may be bad. Replace it with a spare. 7. Verify the LPBK indicator is not lit; all the loopbacks should be off. 8. If the RX IN indicator is blinking, set the alphanumeric display to the BLNK group to determine the cause: If the display reads RxYl, the multiplexer is receiving a yellow alarm. Contact your T1 carrier to resolve the problem. If the display reads Rx11, the multiplexer is receiving an all ones signal, meaning that there are no active channels in the system. Check the channel modules at each end of the circuit. This display may also indicate that all the active channels in the system are sending data that is almost all ones. If the display reads XsJt, there is severe jitter on the T1 circuit. Contact your T1 carrier to resolve the problem. 9. If the ERR and/or the BPV indicators are flashing, there are errors on the T1 circuit: Call your T1 carrier to determine whether the circuit is set up to use B8ZS or AMI line coding. Make sure that this format is set correctly on the multiplexers (and the CSUs, if present) at both ends of the T1 circuit. Check that the T1 connecting cables at each end of the circuit are properly shielded and are no more than 15 feet long Testing the Power Supply If the power supply does not appear to be functioning, remove it and check the fuse on the supply. If the fuse is bad, replace it with an identical type and reinsert the module. If the fuse is good, use a VOM to test for correct voltages at the test points shown on Figure 5-11 on page 5-3. Caution: Point E9 is close to the edge of the card, especially on a 1RU shelf - be careful not to let the test probe touch the chassis while testing this point.

124 5-3 Testing and Troubleshooting Troubleshooting Test point E12 is ground. The correct voltages are: E9 to E12, +5.3 VDC (±.1 VDC) E1 to E12, +15. VDC (±.75 VDC) E11 to E12, -15. VDC (±.75 VDC) If the voltages are correct but the indicators on the power supply do not light, the fault probably lies either with the internal connection to the motherboard, or with the blocking diode that allows two power supplies to work together. Figure 5-11 Front view, PS-5 and PS-1 power supplies Alerts and Alarms If an alert or alarm condition is present, the multiplexer will turn off the NORMAL indicator, turn on the ALERT or ALARM indicator, and activate the alert or alarm relays, as appropriate. On an ACS-166 dual terminal multiplexer, the multiplexer will register an alert or alarm if either of the terminals has an alert or alarm condition, even if the other terminal is operating normally. An alert or alarm condition on one terminal will not affect the operation of the other terminal Conditions Causing an Alert An ALERT condition is defined as one or more of the following: receiving yellow alarm (RX IN indicator blinking, and RxYl appears in the BLNK group) receiving an AIS alarm (AIS indicator on) any internal loopback active (LPBK indicator lit) loss of primary timing (fallback timing is activated, and the timing indicator corresponding to the currently selected primary timing mode will be blinking) single power supply failure (POWER FAIL indicator lit) alarm cut-off (ACO) switch on alert at one or more channel modules (alert indication indicator lights on the card or cards in alert state)

125 Testing and Troubleshooting Troubleshooting Conditions Causing an Alarm An ALARM condition is defined as one or more of the following: CPU failed (CPU indicator lit) loss of receive signal signal present but out-of-frame (RX IN and FRM indicators lit) no transmit output (TX OUT indicator off) alarm at one or more channel modules (alarm indication lights on the card or card is in alarm state) the ALARM indicator also lights briefly when power is first applied to the system Alarm Cut-Off (ACO) Switch The Alarm Cut-Off (ACO) switch is located near the front of each power supply module, as shown in Figure 5-11 on page 5-3. When the ACO switch is off, the alarm and alert relays respond to alarm and alert conditions. However, when the ACO switch is on, these relays are disabled; that is, they are forced into their normal (non-alarm) positions. The ACO switch on an ACS-16 Series multiplexer may be used to silence a local alarm once this multiplexer has been identified as the source of the alarm. After correcting the condition that produced the alarm or alert, be sure to return the ACO switch to its off position. There is no power supply redundancy capability in a 1RU shelf. When an Intraplex 3RU multiplexer is equipped with a redundant power supply, the relays on both the main and redundant power supplies will respond to alarm and alert conditions. This ensures that alarm/alert monitoring continues even while one or the other supply is removed. Because the corresponding relay contacts on the main and redundant supplies are connected in parallel, the ACO switches on both must be on to activate the alarm cut-off.

126 5-32 Testing and Troubleshooting Troubleshooting

127 Section 6 Functional Description What is in this section? 6.1 Overview Component Functionality System Functionality

128 6-2 Functional Description Overview 6.1 Overview This section explains the functions of the ACS-16 Series multiplexer components, and describes how to use the multiplexers to configure both point-to-point and drop/insert T1 systems. 6.2 Component Functionality The Main Equipment Shelf and the Motherboard All modules, module adapters, and power supplies plug into the main equipment shelf. These components communicate with each other via the shelf backplane or motherboard, which contains both signal and power distribution buses (Figure 6-1 on page 6-3). Power enters at either the AC or battery connectors and passes to the power supply. The power supply provides three voltages to the power distribution bus (+5 VDC, +15 VDC, and -15 VDC), from which each common and channel module draws current as needed. Power supplies from the signaling battery and ring generator, if used, also connect to the power distribution bus Drop and Insert Operation: The Role of the Signal Bus The signal bus actually comprises four buses: TX A bus, RX A bus, TX B bus, and RX B bus. In a terminal multiplexer, the channel modules place their transmit signals on the TX A bus. The CM-5 takes these signals and multiplexes them together for transmission on the T1 line. It also takes the incoming T1 signal, demultiplexes it, and places the resulting channel signals on the RX-B bus, from which the channel modules take their individual receive data (Figure 6-2 on page 6-4).

129 Functional Description Component Functionality 6-3 Figure 6-1 Internal connections on the motherboard

130 6-4 Functional Description Component Functionality Figure 6-2 Signal bus in a terminal multiplexer Each channel module has a bus selection switch that sets its transmit and receive directions. This switch is generally labeled TX-A BUS or TERM. Setting the TX-A BUS or TERM switch on ensures that the module will transmit on the TX-A bus and receive from the RX-B bus, as required in a terminal multiplexer. In a drop/insert multiplexer, setting the TX-A BUS or TERM switch on sets a channel module set to transmit and receive via the CM-5 designated as DI-A. Setting the TX-A BUS or TERM switch off (up) sets a channel module to transmit and receive via the CM-5 designated as DI-B, using the TX-B bus and the RX-A bus (Figure 6-3). Figure 6-3 Signal bus in a drop & insert multiplexer On some older channel module designs, there are two switches, one for the transmit side and one for the receive side. These two switches should always be set to opposite directions. In a terminal multiplexer or to communicate via the DI-A port in a drop/insert multiplexer, set the switches to transmit A, receive B. To communicate via the DI-B port in a drop/insert multiplexer, set the switches to transmit B, receive A. Consult the individual channel module manuals in Appendix A to determine the location and labeling of these switches on the modules provided with this system.

131 Functional Description Component Functionality 6-5 As Figure 6-3 on page 6-4 shows, in a drop/insert multiplexer the RX-A bus connects to the TX-A bus, and the RX-B bus connects to the TX-B bus. When there are no active channel modules in a drop/insert multiplexer, all time slots of the T1 signal coming from each direction transfer to the outgoing T1 signal in the other direction. When any transmit-only or full duplex channel modules are installed and active, their output overrides the data coming through on their selected time slot(s). Data in time slots not in use by any local channel module passes through as before. A receive-only channel module may be used to monitor a channel passing through without affecting its passage CM-5 Common Modules CM-5 common modules are the core building blocks of ACS-16 Series multiplexers. Each provides one full-duplex T1 port. A terminal multiplexer contains one CM-5, while a dual terminal or drop/insert multiplexer contains two. The CM-5 provides eight basic operational functions, described in detail in the following sections. These are: multiplexing of channels to form the T1 aggregate T1 line driver (output) transmit timing functions T1 line receiver (input) demultiplexing of the T1 aggregate to individual channels loopback configurations microprocessor control user interface Figure 6-4 on page 6-6 shows a functional diagram of the CM-5 module Multiplexing of Channels to Form the T1 Aggregate The CM-5 develops backplane bus synchronization signals. The transmit section of each channel module synchronizes to these signals, and places its data onto the selected bus. The CM-5 then forms the aggregate signal, using either the ESF (extended superframe) or SF (D4 superframe) framing format. ESF is the preferred format, and should be used in all cases except when the network or CSU cannot support it. Section , T1 Frame Formats, on page 6-2 provides more details on these two framing formats.

132 6-6 Functional Description Component Functionality Figure 6-4 CM-5 common module T1 functional diagram

133 Functional Description Component Functionality 6-7 The CM-5 uses tri-state bus drivers and receivers to permit routing the multiplexer and demultiplexer bus signals to either of the two backplane buses (Bus A or Bus B). This versatile bus capability enables simple configuration of a multiplexer for terminal or drop and insert use (see Section , Drop and Insert Operation: The Role of the Signal Bus, on page 6-2) T1 Line Driver Line coding can be set to either B8ZS (Bipolar with 8 Zero Substitution) or AMI (alternate mark inversion). B8ZS is the preferred format, and should always be used unless the network or channel service unit cannot support it. A description of these line coding methods appears in Section , T1 Line Coding, on page Equipment and monitor test jacks on the front of the module accept input of miniature bantam plugs. They allow the T1 output of the multiplexer to be connected to a T1 transmission test set, or to be fed directly into the input of another multiplexer during bench testing. The T1 line output connection is via the MA-215 module adapter. Inserting a plug into the T1 equipment out jack breaks the outgoing connection to the MA-215. Terminating impedance should be 1 ohms balanced. The T1 monitor out jack permits test access to the line output without breaking the T1 line connection. Equipment connected to this jack should also provide a 1 ohm termination impedance. The signal level at this point is approximately 2 db below the line output level Transmit Timing Functions In a terminal multiplexer, the CM-5 enables the selection of a primary timing source: loop, internal, or external. In a drop/insert multiplexer, primary timing is always set to through. In the event of network or link problems causing a loss of primary timing, an automatic, carefully controlled changeover to fallback timing helps eliminate frame slips and maintain circuit availability. The fallback timing source is factory-preset to internal. For more information on selecting the primary transmit timing source, see Section 3.5, T1 Transmitter Timing (TIME Group), on page T1 Line Receiver T1 input should be at the standard DS-1 digital cross connect level (DSX-1). T1 format can be either ESF (extended superframe) or SF (D4 superframe). Line code can be either B8ZS (bipolar with 8-zero substitution) or AMI (alternate mark inversion). The line receiver accepts the input signal, recovers receive timing, and decodes the bipolar signal. A jitter buffer follows, to smooth out the timing jitter usually present on an incoming signal. The CM-5 receives T1 line input via the MA-215 (or MA-216) module adapter. Equipment and monitor T1 in jacks function like the T1 out jacks described

134 6-8 Functional Description Component Functionality above. All equipment connected to them should provide 1 ohms termination. The equipment in jack breaks the connection to the T1 line input; the monitor in jack does not, but the signal level at the monitor jack is about 2 db below the input level Demultiplexing of the T1 Aggregate to Individual Channels The decoded line receive signal feeds the demultiplexer circuitry. First, the demultiplexing circuitry achieves frame synchronization, using a proprietary robust framing algorithm that assures fast frame acquisition and high tolerance to errors once a frame is acquired. Average frame time for the SF (superframe) format is 4 milliseconds, and for the ESF (extended superframe) format is less than 18 milliseconds. Mean time to lose frame in the presence of a high (1-3 ) random bit error rate exceeds several hours (Figure 6-5). Once frame synchronization is achieved, the demultiplexer develops the proper demultiplexing bus signals and feeds them to all the channel cards plugged into the shelf. Bus signals include demultiplexed channel data, demultiplexing synchronization status, and synchronization signals necessary for proper decoding by the channel modules. Figure 6-5 Mean time to lose T1 frame synchronization

135 Functional Description Component Functionality Loopback Configurations The CM-5 provides three loopback options: line, payload, and equipment, as shown on Figure 6-4 on page 6-6. Line loopback is useful for testing the integrity of the transmission path and the T1 connections to the multiplexer. It takes the decoded T1 receive signal coming from the line receiver/jitter buffer, and loops it back to the T1 line driver input. Receive data also passes on to the demultiplexer. Payload loopback is useful for verifying the operation of the CM-5 up to the bus interface to the channel modules. Data also passes on to the receive side of the channel modules. Equipment loopback is useful for testing individual channel modules in the multiplexer. It loops the transmit signals at the multiplexer output back to the demultiplexer input. During equipment loopback, the T1 output of the CM-5 is an all ones signal. Examples of loopback use appear in Section 5.7, Troubleshooting, on page Microprocessor Control and Battery-Backed Memory The microprocessor chip used on all Intraplex common modules contains a lithium battery, which is an inextricable element of the microprocessor and is not independently replaceable. The lithium battery powers the memory on the chip, and thus retains setup information whenever operating power is removed. This may occur when equipment is stored or in transit, when the module containing the chip is removed from a powered shelf, or during unintentional or catastrophic loss of operating power. In the design of Intraplex equipment, failure of the battery while the equipment is under operating power does not affect proper operation. Battery failure will not become evident until power is removed and the equipment is subsequently repowered. Upon repowering, the alphanumeric display on the common module will flash "ERR " or will remain blank. The lithium battery used on the microprocessor chip has a data retention time of at least 1 years and an expected shelf life of at least 2 years. In this context, "data retention time" is the time when power is removed (the battery is active), and "shelf life" is the time when the shelf is powered (the battery is inactive). Intraplex's maintenance philosophy provides for repair of equipment by the replacement of inoperative plug-in modules. A failed lithium battery will cause the failure of the common module on which it is mounted (although, as stated above, this failure will not actually occur until operating power is removed and restored). To restore the multiplexer to service, replace the failed module with a spare common module, and return the failed unit to the factory for replacement of the microprocessor.

136 6-1 Functional Description Component Functionality CM-5 User Interface The CM-5 has two switches, a four-character alphanumeric display, and several indicators on its front edge to enable user settings and display status information (Figure 6-6 on page 6-1). Figure 6-6 Front view of the CM-5 module The GROUP and SET/NEXT Switches and the Alphanumeric Display The user-accessible CM-5 functions are organized into groups. These function groups include setup options such as SF and ESF (frame formats); current status conditions such as receiving all ones; and informational items such as the CM-5 firmware revision. Detailed explanations of the basic CM-5 functions appear in the following sections: T1 operational functions (TIME and TSEL) appear in Section 3, Multiplexer Setup diagnostic functions (LPBK, BLNK, RVU1, and DIAG) appear in Section 5, Testing and Troubleshooting remote access setup functions (ADDR and SIO) appear in Section 7, Remote Control Operation Use the GROUP switch to select a particular function group, and the SET/NEXT switch to view and set functions within the currently selected group. The four-character alphanumeric display shows both group and function names, and the bi-level ON/OFF indicators signify the status of the currently displayed function.

137 Functional Description Component Functionality Displaying CM-5 Functions When the CM-5 display is blank or when a function is displayed, press down on the group toggle switch to view the name of the currently selected group. Once the current group name is displayed, press down on the group switch again to select the next group or press up to select the previous group, until the desired group is displayed. Press down on the SET/NEXT switch to display the first function in the currently selected group. Once a function appears, press down on the SET/NEXT switch repeatedly until the desired function is displayed. The bi-level indicator to the right of the function display indicates the status of the currently displayed function. If the top (green) part of the bi-level indicator is lit, then this function is active. If the bottom (red) part of the bi-level indicator is on, the function is not active Setting CM-5 Functions To turn on a function that is not currently active, press up twice on the SET/NEXT switch while that function is on the display. Pressing up once causes the top (green) indicator to blink, indicating that a setup change will take place if the SET/NEXT switch is pressed up again. Actually pressing up on the SET/NEXT switch a second time causes the top (green) bi-level indicator to turn on continuously, indicating that the selected setup parameter has been changed to the currently displayed setting. If a function is already active, then pressing up on the SET/NEXT switch again causes no status or setup changes. For example, if the display shows ESF while frame format is set to SF, then the red indicator will be on. Pressing up on the SET/NEXT switch once will cause the top (green) indicator to blink. Pressing up on the SET/NEXT switch a second time will actually change the current T1 framing format from SF to ESF the red indicator goes out, and the green indicator stays on steadily. It is important to note that some setup functions are mutually exclusive; setting one function will automatically "un-set" another. Examples include line code (you can set line code to AMI or B8ZS but not both) and frame format (you can set frame format to SF or ESF but not both). Other functions are not mutually exclusive. For example, CM-5 Line (LnLB) and Equipment (EqLB) loopbacks in the LPBK group may be activated at the same time.

138 6-12 Functional Description Component Functionality Indicators on the CM-5 Module Table 6-1 details the meanings of the indicators on the CM-5. Note: Table 6-1 For all the indicators that follow, ON means the light is on steadily; BLINK means a rhythmic, one-half second on, one-half second off pulse; and FLASH means momentary, irregular flashes. Indicators on the CM-5 Indicator TX OUT (green) Description Transmit output ON When lit, the transmission signal is normal. It can a data signal, or if idle, an all ones signal OFF No signal is being transmitted. This indicates a hardware failure RX IN (green) Receive input ON A data signal is detected at the CM-5 T1 receiver input ERR (yellow) OFF BLINKING Errors FLASH No signal is detected at the receiver input One of the following signals or conditions listed below are detected (seen on the BLNK group display): Rx11 - A framed or unframed all ones signal is detected, produced by an idle condition at the far end (an unframed all ones is a T1 alarm indication signal (AIS)) RxYL - A yellow alarm, indicating a loss of the receive signal at the far end (if the equipment at the far end is set up to generate a yellow alarm) a XsJt - Excess jitter. Indicates that the jitter buffer depth has been exceeded. This indicator may flicker erratically if there is noise on the line This indicator flashes each time a CRC-6 error is detected YEL (yellow) Yellow alarm ON Indicates an "upstream" failure. Loss of signal detected from an upstream source.

139 Functional Description Component Functionality 6-13 Table 6-1 Indicators on the CM-5 (continued) Indicator BPV (yellow) Description Bipolar violations FLASH The indicator flashes each time a bipolar violation is detected ON Stays lit when the random bit error ratio exceeds 1-5 AIS (yellow) FRM (red) LOOP (green) Alarm Indication Signal ON Out of frame ON Loop or through timing Indicates an upstream failure has been detected. Indicates that the CM-5 T1 receiver is not in frame synchronization. This may be caused by a high bit error ratio, the absence of a T1 receive signal, or by improper configuration of the CM-5 module On an ACS-163 terminal multiplexer: ON BLINKING Indicates the T1 transmitter is loop timed Indicates that loop is selected for primary timing, but the module is currently using fallback timing On an ACS-165 drop & insert multiplexer: ON BLINKING Indicates that the T1 transmitter is through timed Indicates that through is selected for primary timing, but the module is currently using fallback timing INT (green) EXT (green) Internal timing ON External timing ON Indicates that the CM-5 transmitter is using its internal MHz clock Indicates that the CM-5 transmitter is using timing provided by an external clock LPBK (yellow) BLINKING Loopback ON Indicates that external is selected for primary timing, but that the module is currently using fallback timing Indicates that one or more of the three internal CM-5 loopbacks (line, equipment, or payload) is active

140 6-14 Functional Description Component Functionality Table 6-1 Indicators on the CM-5 (continued) Indicator CPU (red) Description Central processing unit of the CM-5 ON Indicates that a microprocessor or memory fault has been detected on the CM-5. CPU failure is reported as an alarm to the shelf alarm circuitry. This indicator is briefly lit at power-up a. An ACS-16 series multiplexer does not generate a yellow alarm upon the loss of a receive signal Power Supply Modules The standard power supply for the ACS-16 Series are 6-watt universal AC. Supplies for 3RU shelves are also available with input voltages of -48 VDC, -24 VDC, and +24 VDC. Also, optional 1-watt universal AC supplies are available for the 3RU shelves for applications with high power requirements. See Section 8.1, Power, on page 8-5 for details on all available power supplies. A second, identical power supply may be inserted in the second power supply slot for power supply redundancy. If the main supply fails, the second supply ensures uninterrupted operation. The redundant power supply is optional and is not available for 1RU shelves. Power supply modules require no special setup. As long as they are plugged into their slots and system power is applied, they are operating.

141 Functional Description Component Functionality Test Points, Indicators and Switches on the Power Supply As shown in Figure 6-7, the key system status indicators and the Alert and Alarm relays are located on the power supply module. These status indicators and relays respond to fault conditions detected in the multiplexer, the T1 circuit, or channel modules installed in the shelf. Table 6-2 on page 6-16 lists the meanings of these indicators System Status Indicators Four of these indicators (POWER, NORMAL, ALERT and ALARM) are visible when the front cover of the multiplexer is closed (see Figure 1-1 and Figure 1-2 on page 1-5). The SUPPLY FAIL indicator(s) are not visible when the cover is closed. Figure 6-7 PS-5 and PS-1 series power supplies Supply Fail Indicators As Table 6-2 indicates, when a shelf is equipped with two power supplies, the failure of one supply creates an ALERT condition. On a 3RU shelf, both supplies are visible from the front, and the SUPPLY FAIL indicator lights on the one that has failed. On a 1RU shelf, the redundant supply is out of sight in the rear, so the main supply has two indicators, MAIN SUPPLY FAIL and REDUNDANT SUPPLY FAIL, to indicate which one needs to be replaced. The power supply also contains the ACO (Alarm Cut-Off) switch. The ACO switch disables the Alert and Alarm relays, and is used to silence a local alarm. On a 3RU shelf, if two power supplies are installed, then both ACO switches must be turned on to silence an alarm. Turning on the ACO switch is one of the conditions that causes the Alert indicator to light. It has no effect on the Alarm indicator. Test points on the power supply (E9, E1, E11, and E12) allow testing for proper voltages. The procedure for using these test points is given in Section , Testing the Power Supply, on page Figure 6-8 on page 6-17 contains a simplified functional diagram of the power supply.

142 6-16 Functional Description Component Functionality Table 6-2 Power supply indicators (when lit) Indicator POWER (green) NORMAL (green) ALERT (yellow) ALARM (red) SUPPLY FAIL (red) MAIN SUPPLY FAIL (red) REDUND SUPPLY FAIL (red) Description Indicates the multiplexer is powered. Remains on if one of two installed power supplies has failed and the remaining supply has sufficient capacity to power the multiplexer Indicates that no alert or alarm condition exists When the ACO switch is on, indicates there is an alert at one or more channel modules. The CM-5 indicators below can assist in determining the alert condition: RX IN is not lit - loss of receive signal RX IN is blinking - receiving a yellow alarm LPBK is lit - internal loopback active LOOP, INT, EXT is blinking - the fallback timing is activated, and the primary timing mode that is used will be blinking SUPPLY FAIL is lit - (only when two power supplies are installed) indicates a power supply failure When the ACO switch is on, there is an alert at one or more channel modules When the ACO switch is on, indicates there is an alert at one or more channel modules. This indicator lights briefly at power-up. The CM-5 indicators below can assist in determining the alert condition: CPU is lit - the central processor unit failed RX IN and FRM are lit - the signal is present but is out of frame TX OUT is lit - there is no transmit output Only on a PS-5 or PS-1 series power supply. Indicates failure of the power supply (the shelf is running on the supply whose SUPPLY FAIL indicator is not lit) Only on a PS-25 series power supply. Indicates failure of the main power supply (the shelf is running on the redundant supply in the rear power supply slot) Only on a PS-25 series power supply. Indicates failure of the redundant power supply (the shelf is running on the main power supply)

143 Functional Description Component Functionality 6-17 Figure 6-8 Power supply module functional diagram

144 6-18 Functional Description Component Functionality Channel Modules All payload circuits connect to ACS-16 Series multiplexers via plug-in channel modules. Intraplex produces a variety of channel modules to support voice, data, and program audio applications. The transmit side of each channel module converts its input into one or more 64 kbps time slots and places this information onto the transmit bus on the backplane for multiplexing by the CM-5 (see Section 6.2.2, CM-5 Common Modules, on page 6-5). Similarly, the receive side of each channel module takes the incoming demultiplexed digital information from its designated time slot(s) on the receive bus on the backplane and converts it back to its original format for output. Section 4, Channel Module Overview provides general information about using and configuring channel modules. Appendix A, Individual Channel Modules, contains detailed information on each type of channel module provided with this system Module Adapters All common and channel modules use plug-in module adapters to provide the connectors for the individual and aggregate channel interfaces. In most cases, one module adapter is required for each module on a one-to-one basis; however, certain module adapters provide connections for more than one module. Power supply modules require no module adapters. All module adapters have the same connector on their front edge to mate with the shelf backplane, but different types of module adapters have different rear edge connectors, providing a variety of interfaces (Figure 6-9 on page 6-19). For some channel modules there is one specific module adapter that must be used to provide the correct connector(s). Other channel modules are compatible with several different MAs, each providing a different interface. Each individual channel module manual describes the module adapter(s) available for that module.

145 Functional Description System Functionality 6-19 Figure 6-9 Side view of a 3RU shelf (or top view of a 1RU shelf), showing the insertion of modules and module adapters 6.3 System Functionality T1 Digital Transmission A single T1 circuit provides twenty-four full-duplex, 64 kbps time slots to carry payload data, for an aggregate payload capacity of Mbps in each direction (24 x 64 = 1536). An 8 kbps overhead channel brings the actual T1 interface rate to Mbps (see Section below). Intraplex ACS-16 Series multiplexers provide an interface between T1 circuits and one or more payload channels, which originate and terminate at plug-in channel modules. Channel modules convert voice, program audio, and data signals into a single or multiple 64 kbps digital signals. These 64 kbps signals are then combined by time division multiplexing into a Mbps T1 signal. The T1 circuit is inherently duplex; that is, there are twenty-four time slots in each direction of the circuit, as characterized in Figure 6-1. Thus, while a two-way voice or data channel may occupy time slot 6 in both directions, if a one-way audio signal is using time slots 7 and 8 in one direction, those two time slots are still available to carry a different one-way signal in the other direction.

146 6-2 Functional Description System Functionality Figure 6-1 Representation of the duplex nature of a T1 circuit T1 Frame Formats The T1 signal is composed of 8, frames per second. Each frame consists of one 8-bit byte from each of the 24 time slots, plus one overhead bit, used to provide frame synchronization, error detection, and other functions. Frames are arranged into larger groupings in one of two formats: either superframe (SF), which groups 12 frames together (Figure 6-11 on page 6-21), or extended superframe (ESF), which groups 24 frames together (Figure 6-12 on page 6-21). Whether a particular T1 line operates with SF or ESF framing depends on the T1 service provider. The ESF format provides better error detection than SF and should be used whenever possible; however, it is not supported by some older networks and channel service units (CSUs). ACS-16 Series multiplexers can be set to operate using either SF or ESF frame format.

147 Functional Description System Functionality 6-21 Figure 6-11 Superframe (SF) format Figure 6-12 Extended superframe (ESF) format

148 6-22 Functional Description System Functionality T1 Line Coding To assist in detecting transmission errors, all T1 lines use one of two forms of line coding: either AMI or B8ZS. AMI (Alternate Mark Inversion) is a simple bipolar coding scheme. Each "one" bit in the data stream is given an opposite polarity from the one before it, while every "zero" bit is neutral (Figure 6-13). If two ones in a row have the same polarity, this is by definition a bipolar violation and indicates a transmission error; the BPV indicator on the CM-5 flashes whenever a bipolar violation is detected. AMI is an older system with a significant limitation: when the payload being transmitted contains too many zeroes in a row (a condition called insufficient ones density), the T1 circuit may lose frame synchronization. B8ZS is the preferred form of line coding and should be used instead of AMI whenever possible. However, some older networks do not support it. Figure 6-13 AMI line coding To help prevent insufficient ones density on AMI networks, many Intraplex channel modules offer methods of preventing long strings of zeroes from occurring. These methods include: 1. Placing the payload data into alternate time slots (any unused time slots are automatically filled with all ones). 2. Using only 56 kbps instead of 64 kbps per time slot and filling every eighth bit with a one. 3. Incorporating a data scrambler that applies its own form of zero substitution to the data for that channel.

149 Functional Description System Functionality 6-23 B8ZS (Bipolar With 8-Zero Substitution) is a newer and more robust form of bipolar line coding that eliminates the problem of insufficient ones density. With B8ZS, any time a string of eight consecutive zeroes appears in the payload (Figure 6-14), it is replaced by a zero substitution code (a special sequence of ones and zeroes) before transmission (Figure 6-14). At the receive end, this sequence is converted back to eight zeroes to maintain data integrity. Intentional bipolar violations are applied to signal the presence of a zero substitution code; whenever a bipolar violation is detected on a B8ZS circuit, the multiplexer checks the surrounding bit sequence to determine whether it is part of a zero substitution code or a true transmission error. Figure 6-14 Original payload containing eight consecutive zeroes Figure 6-15 B8ZS zero substitution line coding Intentional Bipolar Violations

150 6-24 Functional Description System Functionality Terminal Multiplexers Single Terminals (ACS-163, ACS-167) The ACS-163 and ACS-167 terminal multiplexers serve as an interface between a single T1 circuit and multiple voice, program, data, and other types of payload circuits (Figure 6-16). Figure 6-16 Terminal multiplexer configuration The ACS-163 is a 3RU (5¼" high) shelf that accommodates up to sixteen channel modules, while the ACS-167 is a 1RU (1¾" high) shelf that accommodates up to three channel modules. The functionality of these two multiplexers is otherwise identical Dual Terminal Multiplexer (ACS-166, ACS-169) The ACS-166 dual terminal multiplexer is a 3RU (5¼" high) shelf that provides two separate T1 terminals in one chassis (Figure 6-17 on page 6-25). Each T1 circuit is supported by one CM-5, and each has eight slots available for channel modules. The ACS-169 is a 1RU (1¾" high) shelf that accommodates up to three channel modules. The functionality of these two multiplexers is otherwise identical.

151 Functional Description System Functionality 6-25 Figure 6-17 Dual terminal multiplexer The two terminals are completely independent of each other in terms of data channels; there is no drop/insert functionality, and no time slots pass between the two. However, they share the same power supply and alarm system; an alert or alarm condition on either of the two terminals will cause the shelf to display ALERT or ALARM Point-to-Point Systems The simplest type of ACS-16 system configuration is a point-to-point system, two terminal multiplexers connected by a single T1 circuit (Figure 6-18 on page 6-26). As the figure illustrates, the same payload circuits appear at both ends of a point-to-point system. Most payload types, such as voice and full-duplex data circuits, have both an input and an output at each terminal multiplexer. However, some payload types, like simplex data and one-way program audio channels, have an input at one multiplexer and an output at the other, with no return signal. Keep in mind that the T1 circuit itself is always full duplex (see Section 6.3.1, T1 Digital Transmission, on page 6-19). With Intraplex multiplexers, any time slots used by a one-way channel are still available to carry an independent one-way channel in the other direction. For example, if program audio is being transmitted on time slots 1 to 4 from location 1 to location 2, another audio program may be transmitted simultaneously on time slots 1 to 4 from location 2 to location 1.

152 6-26 Functional Description System Functionality Figure 6-18 Example point-to-point system Drop/Insert Multiplexers (ACS-165 and ACS-168) An ACS-165 drop/insert multiplexer is essentially a pair of back-to-back ACS-163 terminal multiplexers in which some circuits terminate while others pass through (Figure 6-19 on page 6-27). Note that a drop/insert multiplexer can terminate payload circuits from either of two different T1 circuits; that is, from either of two different locations. The ACS-165 is a 3RU (5¼" high) shelf that accommodates up to sixteen channel modules, while the ACS-168 is a 1RU (1¾" high) shelf that accommodates up to four channel modules. The functionality of these two multiplexers is otherwise identical. See Section , Drop and Insert Operation: The Role of the Signal Bus, on page 6-2 for more details on the internal workings of a drop/insert multiplexer.

153 Functional Description System Functionality 6-27 Figure 6-19 Drop & insert multiplexer configuration Drop/Insert Systems The addition of one or more drop/insert multiplexers converts a simple point-to-point system into a drop/insert system (Figure 6-2 on page 6-28). Data, voice, program audio, and distribution (multiple drop) circuits can be established between any two locations in a T1 drop/insert system. As illustrated in the figure, a three-location system can provide circuits between locations 1 and 2, 2 and 3, as well as 1 and 3. The only limiting factor is the 24 time slot capacity of the T1 circuit between any two adjacent locations. Drop/insert systems are not limited to a single drop/insert multiplexer and may in fact be used to link as many as one hundred locations.

154 6-28 Functional Description System Functionality Figure 6-2 Example of an ACS-165 drop & insert system

155 Section 7 Remote Control Operation What is in this section? 7.1 Overview The Remote Port ISiCL Command Line Format General Format of ISiCL Responses Shelf-Level and Common Module Remote Access Channel Module Remote Access CSU Functions Configuring the CM-5TD Delay Feature Network Management Communications IntraGuide Software

156 7-2 Remote Control Operation Overview 7.1 Overview An ACS-16 Series multiplexer can be set up and monitored from a controller connected to its RS-232 remote port. The controller, which may be a simple video display terminal, a personal computer (PC), or another type of computer system, can be connected locally using a cable or remotely using dial-up modems over a data network. The terminal or computer used for remote control must contain a basic communications program which provides call setup and terminal emulation functions. ACS-16 Series multiplexers operate strictly in the command-response mode. That is, a multiplexer generates a message only in response to a received command. The Intraplex Simple Command Language (ISiCL, pronounced "icicle") provides the basis for communication between the user and the multiplexer. The operator types ISiCL commands at the keyboard and views the responses on the terminal screen. The design of the ISiCL command structure also allows ACS-16 Series multiplexers to be integrated into a multi-node, multi-vendor network controlled by an automated Network Management System (NMS). 7.2 The Remote Port Each CM-5 has one remote port. A terminal multiplexer therefore has one remote port while a dual terminal or drop/insert multiplexer has two remote ports. Remote ports are RS-232C compatible, asynchronous, serial interfaces which can operate at baud rates from 11 bps to 57.6 kbps Hardware and Protocol Issues The remote port for each CM-5 is located on its associated module adapter. Both the MA-215 and MA-217B module adapters have an RJ-11 jack for the remote port. The pin assignments for this connector appears in Section 2.7.4, Wiring the Remote Port (Optional), on page Establishing the Control Circuit An ACS-16 Series remote control circuit can be established in one of four ways: 1. Connect a video display terminal or PC directly to the remote port on an ACS-16 Series multiplexer (Figure 7-1 on page 7-3) using an RS-232 cable. Although not actually remote, this method allows you to use ISiCL rather than the internal switches on the multiplexer for control and configuration. 2. Using modems, establish a remote connection over a dial-up voice circuit (Figure 7-2 on page 7-4). 3. Use asynchronous data modules in the multiplexers to establish a link over the T1 circuit itself (Figure 7-3 on page 7-4).

157 Remote Control Operation The Remote Port 7-3 Caution: When the control circuit is carried as a channel on the T1 circuit, do not command the far end multiplexer to initiate an equipment loopback or you will not be able to turn the loopback off by remote control. 4. For multi-site systems, ACS-16 Series multiplexers can be connected to a controller over a public switched network (Figure 7-4 on page 7-5). This can be a DDS, X.25, or any type of data network capable of providing asynchronous RS-232 interfaces for the ACS-16 remote ports. ISiCL commands issued over switched network circuits may include the network address of the target multiplexer to facilitate record keeping and network management Remote Connection to a Dual Terminal or Drop/Insert Multiplexer. Connections to the two CM-5s in a dual terminal or drop/insert multiplexer must be made separately. This means that establishing control circuits over the public telephone network will require either a pair of modems at each end of the circuit, terminating two separate voice lines, or a code-operated switch at the far end to select which CM-5 receives each command. Figure 7-1 Direct connection to a multiplexer Note: Connection to multiple CM-5s can also be accomplished by daisy-chaining the output of a common module to the input of another common module, using special Intraplex cables and adapters.

158 7-4 Remote Control Operation The Remote Port Figure 7-2 Remote connection over a dial-up circuit Figure 7-3 Remote connection over the T1 circuit

159 Remote Control Operation The Remote Port 7-5 Figure 7-4 Remote connection over a public switched network Handshaking Current ACS-16 software does not support hardware or software flow control or "handshaking." This is not an issue when entering ISiCL commands manually from a terminal or PC keyboard. However, if you plan to download ACS-16 setup information, or poll ACS-16 multiplexers for status information using a PC or any other type of automated controller, be aware that flow control must be handled by the controller itself. Generally, this means that controller software must be programmed to wait until it has received a response to the last command sent to a given multiplexer before issuing another command to the same multiplexer Configuring the Remote Port Setting the Network Address (ADDR Group) Note: The following sections contain procedures that include use of the GROUP and SET/NEXT switches. If you are not already familiar with using these switches, please review Section 1.6, CM-5 User Interface, on page 1-1 before proceeding. Each CM-5 can be assigned a four-digit address; that is, a number from 1 to Network addresses are used to distinguish the multiplexers connected via a common network to a central controller. The central controller can be a human operator using a PC or dumb terminal with a basic communications program, or, when available, a computerized network management system which is compatible with the ACS-16 Series.

160 7-6 Remote Control Operation The Remote Port In such a network, all ACS-16 Series multiplexers may receive every command issued by the central controller. However, including the target multiplexer's network address in the command format ensures that only the target multiplexer will respond to that command. The network address is an optional setting. If the remote access feature is not in use, or if a terminal is connected directly to a single CM-5, it is not necessary to set up and use the network address. The network address is useful when two or more multiplexers are connected to a central controller. It provides a means of identifying which multiplexer (or more specifically, which CM-5) was addressed when reviewing the records of such commands. The two CM-5s in an ACS-165 drop/insert multiplexer may have the same or different addresses. However, we recommend that both CM-5s in any given ACS-165 multiplexer be assigned the same network address. This practice will be assumed throughout this document. Commands can still be targeted to one CM-5 or the other in a drop/insert multiplexer by including the appropriate subaddress, either DI-A or DI-B (subaddresses are covered in Section 7.3, ISiCL Command Line Format, on page 7-12). The two CM-5s in an ACS-166 dual terminal multiplexer should generally be given different addresses, as they may need to be addressed separately. To prevent unauthorized or accidental changes, multiplexer addresses cannot be changed remotely. Rather, each multiplexer's address must be entered locally, usually at the time of installation. To view and, if desired, change the current network address of an ACS-16 Series multiplexer (illustrated in Table 7-1): 1. Press up or down on the GROUP switch one or more times until the display shows ADDR. 2. Press down on the SET/NEXT switch one time. The function display shows the current four-digit address of the multiplexer, for example 1. Also, the green (top) section of the bi-level indicator next to the function display turns on to indicate that the displayed address is the current address. 3. If you do not want to change the current address, either do nothing, or press down on the GROUP switch to exit the ADDR group and perform some other setup operation. If you do want to change the current address, press down on the SET/NEXT switch a second time to begin the address editing process. The display changes to show all four digits smaller, with one digit underscored. For example, if the current multiplexer address is 1, then the display now shows 1.

161 Remote Control Operation The Remote Port At this point, each press down on the SET/NEXT switch causes the underscore to move one digit to the right, and each press up on the SET/NEXT switch increments the currently underscored digit by one. Using this process, change any or all digits to obtain the desired address. Address is reserved; choose any number from 1 to Once the display is edited to the desired value: 5. Press down on the SET/NEXT switch until the underscore disappears and the digits are again displayed full size. For example, if the displayed address was changed to 4, the display now reads 4. The red (bottom) indicator lights to signify that the display is not the current address. 6. To change the multiplexer's network address to the number on the display, press up twice on the SET/NEXT switch. Note: Pressing up once on the SET/NEXT switch causes the green (top) indicator to blink; this indicates that a change is about to be made. At this point you can abort the change by pressing down on the SET/NEXT switch. Pressing up on the SET/NEXT switch a second time actually makes the change. The green (top) indicator now stays on and the red indicator turns off, indicating that the displayed number is the currently set address. Table 7-1 Changing a multiplexer network address from 1 to 4 Step Action Function Display On/Off Indicator 1 Press up or down on the GROUP switch one or more times to reach the ADDR group ADDR Press down on the SET/NEXT switch once to display the current address. The green (top) indicator lights to signify that the number on the display is the currently set address 1 Press down again on the SET/NEXT switch to begin address editing 1 Press down twice more on the SET/NEXT switch to move the underscore to the third digit 1 Press up three times on the SET/NEXT switch to change the third digit from to 4 41 Press down on the SET/NEXT switch to move the underscore to the last digit 41 Press up nine times on the SET/NEXT switch to change the last digit from 1 to 4

162 7-8 Remote Control Operation The Remote Port Table 7-1 Changing a multiplexer network address from 1 to 4 (continued) Step Action Function Display On/Off Indicator 8 Press down on the SET/NEXT switch to restore the full size display. The red indicator (bottom) lights to signify that this number is not the current address 4 9 Press up twice on the SET/NEXT switch to change the current address to match the display. After the second press, the green (top) indicator will light and the red (bottom) indicator turns off, signifying that the display shows the current address Setting Remote Port Parameters (SIO Group) The ACS-16 Series remote port is an RS-232 compatible serial interface. The Serial Input/Output (SIO) group functions are summarized in Table 7-2. The group contains settings for three parameters: remote port baud rate (11, 3, 12, 24 48, 96, 19,2, or 57,6 bps) parity mode (mark, space, even, or odd) remote access lock (locked or unlocked). This can be used to unlock the remote port locally if the remote access password is lost Note: The remote port always operates using seven data bits, one parity bit, and one stop bit. These parameters cannot be changed by the user Selecting the SIO Group To select the SIO group, press up or down on the GROUP switch one or more times until SIO appears in the display. At this point each press down on the SET/NEXT switch will display the next SIO function. The three functions in the SIO group are: BAUD PAR Lock

163 Remote Control Operation The Remote Port 7-9 Table 7-2 Note that BAUD and PAR are both underscored. This indicates that there is an additional menu layer beneath them that contains more functions. BAUD and PAR may be thought of as subgroups within the SIO function group. The Lock function, on the other hand, is not underscored, indicating that it is a standard function and therefore does not have an additional menu layer beneath it. SIO group Function Setting Description BAUD (baud rate) ,2 57,6 11 bps 3 bps 12 bps 24 bps 48 bps 96 bps 19.2 kbps 57.6 kbps PAR (parity) exit Spac Mark Even Odd exit When exit is displayed, press up on the SET/NEXT switch to exit the BAUD subgroup and display the PAR function Space. No parity: all parity bits set to zero Mark. No parity: all parity bits set to one Even parity. Each parity bit is set so that the total number of ones in each data byte, including the parity bit, is even Odd parity. Each parity bit is set so that the total number of ones in each data byte, including the parity bit, is odd When exit is displayed, press up on the SET/NEXT switch to exit the PAR subgroup and display the Lock function Lock When the Lock function is displayed, press up twice on the SET/NEXT switch to toggle the state of the remote port between locked and unlocked. The green (top) indicator lights when the port is locked; the red (bottom) indicator lights when the port is unlocked To exit the Lock function and display the BAUD subgroup, press down on the SET/NEXT switch. To exit the SIO group, press up and down on the GROUP switch

164 7-1 Remote Control Operation The Remote Port Setting Baud Rate To display and change the current remote port baud rate: 1. Press down repeatedly on the GROUP switch until SIO appears. 2. Press down repeatedly on the SET/NEXT switch until the display reads BAUD. 3. Press up once on the SET/NEXT switch. The display now reads 11 which is the first available baud rate, 11 bits per second (bps). 4. Press down on the SET/NEXT switch additional times to see the other available baud rates: 3, 12, 24, and so on. Note that the green (top) bi-level indicator turns on when the display shows the currently set baud rate, and the red (bottom) indicator turns on when the display shows any other baud rate. 5. To change the current baud rate, press down on the SET/NEXT switch until the display shows the desired baud rate, and then press up twice on the SET/NEXT switch. After the first press the green (top) indicator blinks, indicating that a change is about to be made. After the second press it turns on continuously, indicating that the current baud rate now equals the displayed baud rate. The last function in the BAUD subgroup is exit. When the exit function is displayed, you can press up on the SET/NEXT switch to leave the BAUD subgroup and display PAR, the next SIO function. To exit the SIO group altogether, press up or down on the GROUP switch Selecting Parity Mode To display and change the current parity mode: 1. Press down repeatedly on the GROUP switch until SIO appears. 2. Press down on the SET/NEXT switch to display PAR. 3. Press up once on the SET/NEXT switch. The display now shows Spac, which is the first of four available parity modes. 4. Press down on the SET/NEXT switch additional times to see the other available modes: mark, even, and odd. If parity mode is set to Space, then every parity bit is set to zero. If parity mode is set to Mark, then every parity bit is set to one. If parity mode is set to Odd or Even then parity bits will be set to create odd or even parity for each data byte. The green (top) bi-level indicator turns on when the display is the same as the current setting, and the red (bottom) indicator turns on when the display is not the same as the current setting. 5. To change the current parity setting, advance the display to the desired setting and press up twice on the SET/NEXT switch. After the first press the green (top) bi-level indicator blinks, indicating that a change is about to be made. After the second press it turns on continuously, indicating that the display matches the current setting.

165 Remote Control Operation The Remote Port 7-11 The fifth function in the PAR subgroup is exit. When the exit function is displayed, you can press up on the SET/NEXT switch to leave the PAR subgroup and display Lock, the next SIO function. To exit the SIO group altogether, press up or down on the GROUP switch Using the Lock Function The Lock function locks and unlocks the remote port. When the remote port is locked, setup changes cannot be made remotely. This prevents accidental or unauthorized system setup changes through the remote port. To unlock a multiplexer via the remote port, the user must send the proper command and password. During setup, the user selects a password, which can be any collection of letters and numbers up to 16 characters in length. Section 7.5.1, Using the LOCK and UNLOCK Commands, on page 7-19 describes the use of locking and passwords. The lock function has no effect on local operation; a multiplexer can be unlocked locally (using the GROUP and SET/NEXT toggle switches) even if its password has been lost. To access the Lock function directly: 1. Press down repeatedly on the GROUP switch until SIO appears. 2. Press down on the SET/NEXT switch until Lock is displayed. (As mentioned above, the Lock function can also be accessed from the PAR subgroup by displaying its exit function and pressing up on the SET/NEXT switch.) 3. When the display shows Lock, the green (top) bi-level indicator turns on if the multiplexer remote port is locked, and the red (bottom) indicator turns on if it is unlocked. To toggle the state of the remote port from locked to unlocked or unlocked to locked, press up twice on the SET/NEXT switch. 4. To exit the Lock function and display the BAUD subgroup, press down on the SET/NEXT switch. To exit the SIO group entirely, press up or down on the GROUP switch.

166 7-12 Remote Control Operation ISiCL Command Line Format 7.3 ISiCL Command Line Format The general ISiCL command format consists of four fields (address, subaddress, command, and parameter), each separated by a colon, and ending with a semicolon. This is followed by an optional comment field, and a carriage return (a press of the ENTER key on a standard keyboard): <ADDRESS>:<SUBADDRESS>:<COMMAND>:<PARAMETER=VALUE>; (COMMENT, IF DESIRED) <CR> Filling in the comment field is always optional, and the other four fields may sometimes be left blank, as explained below. However, the three colons, the semicolon, and the carriage return must be present for the command to be recognized. For example, to set primary timing to EXTERNAL in a terminal multiplexer whose network address is 3, type: 3:TERM:SET:PTIME=EXT; Then press the ENTER key on your terminal or PC keyboard. In the example above, "3" is the target multiplexer's address; "TERM" is the subaddress (also referred to as the card address); "SET" is the command; "PTIME" is the parameter being set; and "EXT" is the desired parameter value. Note that colons (:) terminate the address, subaddress, and command fields while a semicolon (;) terminates the parameter field, the last field in an ISiCL command line. In the sample ISiCL commands shown in the following sections, the carriage return character required at the end of every ISiCL command line will not be shown explicitly. However, remember that in all cases, ISiCL commands must end with a carriage return character (hex D). When typing commands manually, simply press the ENTER key at the end of every command line Address Field The first field in an ISiCL command line is the address field, which contains the multiplexer s network address. Valid ISiCL network addresses are the integers from 1 to Leading zeros are not required; an address of "5" can be entered simply as "5." is not a valid ISiCL address and should not be used. The procedure for setting the multiplexer s network address is given insection , Setting the Network Address (ADDR Group), on page 7-5. The network address is used to route a command to a specific multiplexer when commands are broadcast to several multiplexers at once. If the address field in an ISiCL command contains a number, only the multiplexer which is set to that address will respond. If the address field is left blank, any multiplexer will respond to an otherwise valid command.

167 Remote Control Operation ISiCL Command Line Format 7-13 In a system involving a single remote control link, the address field is generally left blank. For example, if you are entering ISiCL commands from a modem-equipped PC that is connected over a dial-up voice circuit to a single modem-equipped terminal multiplexer, then the SET command discussed above could be entered as follows: :TERM:SET:PTIME=EXT; Note that the colon terminating the address field is required, even when the address field itself is left blank Subaddress Field The second field in an ISiCL command line is the card address, or subaddress field. This field is used to identify specific common and channel modules within a given ACS-16 Series multiplexer. Valid ACS-16 Series multiplexer subaddresses are shown in Table 7-3 on page In a drop/insert multiplexer, only the DI-A module will accept and process commands targeted for channel modules - that is, commands with a subaddress of the form Cn, where n is a number from 1 to 36. Therefore, when using either a local controller or a remote controller to perform channel module operations on a drop/insert multiplexer, always establish the connection through the remote port on the DI-A module. In the case where both CM-5s of a drop/insert multiplexer are connected to a controller via a data network, commands issued with the proper multiplexer address and channel module subaddress will automatically be processed by the multiplexer's DI-A module and ignored by its DI-B module. In an ACS-166 dual terminal multiplexer, each of the two CM-5s accept and process commands for it s associated channel module. Each CM-5 must be given a different network address if the multiplexer is connected to a data network controller Default Subaddress If the subaddress field is left blank, the default subaddress is TERM. This is a convenience feature for addressing the CM-5 module in a terminal multiplexer. The default can not be used with a drop/insert multiplexer. When using the default, the colon terminating the subaddress field must still be present. For example, the following command uses the default subaddress to send a configuration inquiry to a terminal multiplexer: ::CONFIG?:;

168 7-14 Remote Control Operation ISiCL Command Line Format Table 7-3 Subaddress field entries Subaddress TERM DI-A DI-B Cn (n = 1, 2,...36) Description Use this subaddress in commands issued to the CM-5 in a terminal multiplexer In an ACS-166 dual terminal multiplexer, both CM-5s have the subaddress TERM. Use the multiplexer address to differentiate between them if they are both connected to the same network controller Use this subaddress in commands issued to the CM-5 configured to operate in the DI-A mode in drop/insert multiplexers Use this subaddress in commands issued to the CM-5 configured to operate in the DI-B mode in drop/insert multiplexers Use this subaddress format in commands sent to remotely controllable channel modules. Note that n is the subaddress number or "card address" of the target channel module within the multiplexer. This should not be confused with the multiplexer s network address. Channel module card addresses are set using switches on the channel modules themselves. The card address is generally set to the same number as the physical slot the card occupies, or, in an expansion shelf, to that number plus 18. This is not a requirement, but following this convention makes for easier maintenance. Each channel module within a given multiplexer must, of course, be assigned a different number. Valid channel module numbers are the integers from 1 to 36. Consult the individual channel module sections in this binder for details on setting the card address.

169 Remote Control Operation ISiCL Command Line Format Command Field The third field in the ISiCL command line is the command field. There are five ISiCL commands: SET, CONFIG?, STATUS?, LOCK, and UNLOCK. The first three commands - SET, CONFIG?, and STATUS? - can be addressed either to common modules or to channel modules. When issued to a common module, these commands must include an appropriate subaddress - TERM, DI-A, or DI-B. When issued to channel modules, they must include a subaddress of the form Cn, where n = 1 to 36. The last two commands - UNLOCK and LOCK - refer to the remote port itself, and therefore can be issued only to common modules. If the command field is left blank, the default command is STATUS?. This is a convenience feature, providing a quick method for checking the status of a multiplexer, particularly a terminal multiplexer. The colon terminating the field, however, must always be present. As noted earlier, if the address field is left blank, any multiplexer will respond, and if the subaddress field is left blank, its default is TERM. Combining these with the default for the command field means that a STATUS? command can be issued to a terminal multiplexer simply by typing three colons and a semicolon: :::; Table 7-4 Table 7-4 summarizes the five ISiCL commands. Command field entries Command SET CONFIG? Description Used to set a particular parameter on the common or channel module identified in the subaddress field. Every SET command must include a valid parameter name and value in the parameter field Example: 1:TERM:SET:CODE=B8ZS; Lists the configuration settings for the module named in the subaddress field. The parameter field in a CONFIG? command should be left blank Example: 9999:DI-A:CONFIG?:;

170 7-16 Remote Control Operation ISiCL Command Line Format Table 7-4 Command field entries (continued) Command STATUS? UNLOCK LOCK Description When addressed to a channel module, lists the state of all "S" (status) parameters associated with that module Example: 1234:C5:STATUS?:; When addressed to a CM-5, lists the T1 interface and timing status information associated with that module. Also provides notification if one or more channel modules are in an alert or alarm state Example: 1234:TERM:STATUS?:; In all cases, the STATUS? command's parameter field should be left blank Unlocks the remote port of the addressed CM-5. This command must be accompanied by a valid password in the parameter field. However, because every CM-5 is given a null password at the factory, the parameter field of UNLOCK commands issued to a new CM-5 must be left blank (null) until its password is set. See Section , Changing the Password, on page 7-2 Examples (null password): 5555:TERM:UNLOCK:; (password GREEN): 5555:TERM:UNLOCK:GREEN; Locks the remote port of the addressed CM-5. When a CM-5 s remote port is locked, it will not allow setup changes; that is, it will not accept SET commands. Note that if the password is lost, a module's remote port can still be unlocked locally. The parameter field of a LOCK command should be left blank Example: 4:DI-B:LOCK:; Parameter Field The fourth field in an ISiCL command line is the parameter field. As noted above, the parameter field should be left blank for STATUS?, CONFIG?, and LOCK commands. For UNLOCK commands, the parameter field must contain the correct password of the addressed multiplexer. For example, to unlock the remote port on the DI-A module in an ACS-165 multiplexer with an address of 12 and a password of "GREEN," issue the command: 12:DI-A:UNLOCK:GREEN;

171 Remote Control Operation ISiCL Command Line Format 7-17 For SET commands, the parameter field must include a valid parameter name, followed by an equal sign (=), followed by a valid parameter value. For example, to activate the payload loopback in a terminal multiplexer with an address of 17, issue the command: 17:TERM:SET:PAYLD-LB=ON; The valid parameter names and values for SET commands issued to CM-5s are listed below in Section 7.5.4, Changing Common Module Setup Parameters, on page SET commands can also be issued to remotely controllable channel modules. Each channel module type has its own valid parameter names and values, listed in the individual channel module manuals in Appendix A Comment Field The ISiCL command line format also allows a free-form comment to be included after the command, between the semicolon and the carriage return. For example: 3:TERM:SET:PTIME=EXT; SETS MUX #3 PRIMARY TIMING TO EXTERNAL Anything typed in the comment field (that is, anything after the semicolon but before the carriage return) is ignored by the multiplexer. Comments may be used when ISiCL commands are embedded in batch files or data files accessed by an automated controller, to make the commands more readable later. The comment field is optional at all times Allowable Characters ISiCL command line fields may contain valid addresses, subaddresses, commands, parameters and spaces. Spaces are ignored, so they can be used to make command lines more readable. For example, the following three ISiCL commands are perceived as identical by the multiplexer: 3:TERM:SET:PTIME=EXT; 3:TERM:SET:PTIME = EXT; 3: TERM: SET: PTIME = EXT; Line feed <LF> characters are also ignored. A terminal or PC may be configured to generate either a single carriage return <CR> character or a <CR><LF> pair when its Enter (or Return) key is pressed.

172 7-18 Remote Control Operation General Format of ISiCL Responses The input buffer for ISiCL commands has a maximum capacity of 99 characters, including spaces and line feeds. If 1 or more characters are entered before the carriage return is sent, those beyond the 99th will be ignored. The comment field may contain any printable ASCII characters. ISiCL commands are not case sensitive. Subaddresses, commands, and parameters may be entered in upper or lower case, or a combination of both. 7.4 General Format of ISiCL Responses Upon receiving a valid command, an ACS-16 Series multiplexer, or to be precise the addressed CM-5, always responds initially with the line: This line indicates only that a valid command was received, and not necessarily that the multiplexer itself is "OK." If the received command is SET, UNLOCK, or LOCK, which do not require explicit responses, then no additional response lines are generated. However, if the received command is CONFIG? or STATUS?, then the "* OK" line is followed by one or more lines containing the requested information. Examples of STATUS? and CONFIG? responses are provided in Table 7-7 on page 7-29 and Table 7-8 on page 7-3 respectively. If the received command is invalid (if, for example, it contains an unrecognizable command or an invalid subaddress, or the user attempts to send a SET command while the remote port is locked), then the addressed multiplexer responds with one of three response formats: or or * OK * WHAT?; * WHAT? <descriptive message>; * WHAT? <descriptive message> (rest of descriptive message); In all cases, the last line of an ISiCL response, and only the last line, terminates with a semicolon (;). All responses are immediately followed by a carriage return and line feed <CR><LF>.

173 Remote Control Operation Shelf-Level and Common Module Remote Access Shelf-Level and Common Module Remote Access Using the LOCK and UNLOCK Commands Each CM-5 can be remotely locked or unlocked using the LOCK/UNLOCK command pair. When a CM-5 is locked, then no setup changes can be made via the module's remote port. The LOCK feature prevents accidental or unauthorized remote setup changes to ACS-16 Series multiplexers that are permanently connected to dial-up phone lines or dedicated data lines. The LOCK feature has no effect on local operation; setup changes, including locking and unlocking the remote port, can always be done locally. The LOCK command has the following format: <ADDRESS>:<SUBADDRESS>:LOCK:; Note that the parameter field is left blank. The UNLOCK command has a slightly different format in that its parameter field must include the password of the addressed multiplexer: <ADDRESS>:<SUBADDRESS>:UNLOCK:<PASSWORD>; For example, assume that an ACS-165 multiplexer has been set up with an address of 8 and a password of "BLUE." To unlock the remote port on its DI-A module, make setup changes, and then relock this module, you would issue the following command sequence: 8:DI-A:UNLOCK:BLUE; (Then include one or more SET commands). 8:DI-A:LOCK:;

174 7-2 Remote Control Operation Shelf-Level and Common Module Remote Access Changing the Password In addition to its address, each multiplexer may be assigned a password. The password of a multiplexer must be known in order to make any remote setup changes once its remote port(s) have been locked. All of the multiplexers in a given network may be assigned the same password or different passwords, depending on the user's requirements. Valid passwords consist of any string of letters and numbers up to 16 characters long. Like the network address setting, the password is actually a CM-5 parameter rather than a multiplexer parameter. The password is normally used on a one-per-multiplexer basis; that is, both CM-5s in a given ACS-165 drop/insert multiplexer may be assigned the same password. However, this is not a requirement. When shipped from the factory, each ACS-16 Series multiplexer has a "null" password, which means that the parameter field of an UNLOCK command must be left blank to unlock the remote port. To change the password of a given CM-5, issue a SET command in the format: <Address>:<Subaddress>:SET:PASSWORD=xyz; Here, "xyz" is the new password. For example, to set the password of a CM-5 to "GREEN" in an ACS-163 terminal multiplexer with an address of 7, issue the command: 7:TERM:SET:PASSWORD=GREEN; Or, to set the password of both CM-5s to "BLUE" in an ACS-165 drop/insert multiplexer with an address of 8, issue two commands (one to each remote port): 8:DI-A:SET:PASSWORD=BLUE; 8:DI-B:SET:PASSWORD=BLUE; If the password is lost or forgotten, the multiplexer can still be unlocked locally using the Lock function in the SIO Group.

175 Remote Control Operation Shelf-Level and Common Module Remote Access Determining the Alert/Alarm Status of a Multiplexer You can determine the overall alarm and alert status of an ACS-16 Series multiplexer by issuing a STATUS? command to its TERM or DI-A module. For example, to determine the overall status of an ACS-163 terminal multiplexer, issue a command of the form: <ADDRESS>:TERM:STATUS?:; The response to this command shows the status of the multiplexer's T1 interface and indicates whether any channel modules are in an alarm or alert state. Similarly, to determine the overall status of an ACS-165 drop/insert multiplexer, issue a command of the form: <ADDRESS>:DI-A:STATUS?:; The response to this command shows the status of the A-direction T1 interface - that is, the T1 interface on the DI-A module - and indicates whether any channel modules are in an alarm or alert state. To determine the status of the T1 interface on the DI-B module in an ACS-165 drop/insert multiplexer, issue a command of the form: <ADDRESS>:DI-B:STATUS?:; The response to this command shows the status of the B-direction T1 interface and indicates whether there is an alert or alarm condition in the shelf. However, since only the DI-A module in a drop/insert multiplexer relays ISiCL commands to and from the channel modules in the shelf, the response to a DI-B STATUS? command does not indicate which channel modules, if any, are generating an alarm. If an ACS-16 Series multiplexer is not in an alarm or alert state, then it responds as follows to a STATUS? command issued to its TERM or DI-A module: * OK SHELF NORMAL; This response indicates that no power, timing, or T1 alarms or alerts are detected, the ACO switch is not on, and that no channel module on either the main or expansion shelf (if provided) is in an alarm or alert state. This "SHELF NORMAL" response may also include the line "RECEIVING ALL ONES" if the far end multiplexer is idle.

176 7-22 Remote Control Operation Shelf-Level and Common Module Remote Access If, however, the queried multiplexer is in an alarm or alert state, then it generates a response with the following format: * OK > > > ALARM (OR ALERT) AT SHELF < < < (MESSAGE DESCRIBING THE ALARM OR ALERT CONDITION[S]); Note that the "* OK" in the first line of the response indicates that the received command was valid, not that the multiplexer is "all right." For example, if a STATUS? command is issued to a CM-5 that is receiving a T1 Yellow Alarm signal, it responds: * OK > > > ALERT AT SHELF < < < RECEIVING YELLOW ALARM; Or, if a STATUS? command is issued to the TERM or DI-A module in an ACS-16 Series multiplexer in which the channel module with subaddress 5 is in an alarm state, then it responds: * OK > > > ALERT AT SHELF < < < ALARM AT C5; If more than one channel module is in an alert or alarm state, the message gives the total number of cards having problems, rather than their individual subaddresses; for example, ALARM AT 3 CHANNEL CARDS. Each type of channel module has its own set of conditions that cause it to enter an alarm (or alert) state. See Section 7.6, Channel Module Remote Access, on page 7-28 for more information. In an ACS-166 dual terminal multiplexer, if an alert or alarm condition occurs on either terminal, the shelf will go into its corresponding alarm state. It is therefore possible for the shelf to register an alarm while one of the two terminals in it is still operating normally. Table 7-5 on page 7-23 defines all the alert and alarm messages that can appear in the CM-5 response to a STATUS? command.

177 Remote Control Operation Shelf-Level and Common Module Remote Access 7-23 Table 7-5 Alert and alarm messages responding to a STATUS? command REDUNDANT POWER SUPPLY FAILURE One of the two power supplies on the main shelf or (if so equipped) one of the two power supplies on the expansion shelf has failed ALARM AT Cnn The channel module with card address nn (nn = 1 to 36) is in an alarm state. This message appears when there is an alarm at one (and only one) channel card Reported by a TERM or DI-A module only ALARM AT n CHANNEL CARDS There are n channel cards in an alarm state. This message appears when there are at least two channel cards in an alarm state. Issue STATUS? commands to specific channel cards to determine exactly which cards are in trouble (see Section 7.6.1, Determining the Status of a Channel Module) Reported by a TERM or DI-A module only ALERT AT Cnn The channel module with card address nn (nn = 1 to 36) is in an alert state. This message appears when there is an alert at one (and only one) channel card. Reported by a TERM or DI-A module only. ALERT AT n CHANNEL CARDS There are n channel cards in an alert state. This message appears when there are at least two channel cards in an alert state. Issue STATUS? commands to specific channel cards to determine exactly which cards are in trouble (see Section 7.6.1, Determining the Status of a Channel Module) Reported by a TERM or DI-A module only TRANSMITTER USING FTIME = INT (FALLBACK TIMING) The T1 transmitter is using its fallback (internal) timing mode TRANSMITTER CLOCK FREE RUNNING The T1 transmitter has dropped out of its primary timing mode but for some reason cannot operate in its fallback timing mode NO OUTPUT FROM TRANSMITTER The T1 transmitter is not generating an output signal RECEIVE SIGNAL LOSS No signal is detected at the T1 input EXCESS JITTER Excess jitter is detected at the T1 input

178 7-24 Remote Control Operation Shelf-Level and Common Module Remote Access Table 7-5 Alert and alarm messages responding to a STATUS? command (continued) RECEIVER OUT OF FRAME The T1 receiver has lost frame synchronization OTHER SIDE (DI-B) IS OUT OF FRAME The T1 receiver in the DI-B module has lost frame synchronization Reported by a DI-A module only OTHER SIDE (DI-A) IS OUT OF FRAME The T1 receiver in the DI-A module has lost frame synchronization Reported by a DI-B module only RECEIVING ALL ONES A framed or unframed all ones signal is detected at the T1 input RECEIVING YELLOW ALARM A Yellow Alarm signal is detected at the T1 input PAYLD-LB = ON (PAYLOAD LOOPBACK ON) (USING LOOP TIMING FOR PAYLOAD LOOPBACK) The Payload Loopback is active LINE-LB = ON (LINE LOOPBACK ON) The T1 Line Loopback is active EQPT-LB = ON (EQUIPMENT LOOPBACK ON) The T1 Equipment Loopback is active CONFLICT AT TIMESLOT n There are two or more channel modules assigned to time slot n. The time slots are RECEIVING 1^-3 BIT ERROR RATE There is a bit error rate alarm. See Studio-Transmitter Link (STL) PLUS Alarms in this supplement for more information on bit error alarms. RECEIVING REMOTE ALARM There is an alarm condition at the remote end of the network. NETWORK PAYLD-LB = ON (PAYLOAD LOOPBACK ON) (USING LOOP TIMING FOR PAYLOAD LOOPBACK) The network payload loopback is active. NETWORK LINE-LB = ON (LINE LOOPBACK ON) The network line loopback is active

179 Remote Control Operation Shelf-Level and Common Module Remote Access 7-25 Table 7-5 Alert and alarm messages responding to a STATUS? command (continued) LOSS OF NTWK MGMT COMM CONTINUITY The master station detects a break in the network ring. This can mean a break due to multiple master stations in the ring, a hardware failure at a station in the ring, or a station mode is incorrectly set NETWK MGMT COMM OUT OF FRAME The station cannot detect the frame boundaries on incoming traffic. This can be caused by an E1 network link failure, a hardware failure, or incorrect station mode CHANNEL CARD CONFLICT WITH NTWK MGMT COMM The local channel card data is conflicting with outgoing network management traffic. For example, if DS is set for time slot 12 and a channel card is programmed to transmit data in time slot 12. Channel module data has priority over network management traffic SWITCHED TO REDUNDANT COMMON MODULE The backup common module has been activated, taking over the functions of the primary common module

180 7-26 Remote Control Operation Shelf-Level and Common Module Remote Access Determining the Configuration of a Common Module The configuration (setup) of a CM-5 can be determined by issuing a CONFIG? command of the general form: <Address>:<Subaddress>:<CONFIG?>:; For example, to determine the current setup of the DI-A module in an ACS-165 multiplexer with an address of 9, issue the following command: 9:DI-A:CONFIG?:; The response to a CONFIG? command always contains the following setup information about the addressed CM-5: primary timing mode fallback timing mode T1 framing format T1 line code A typical response might be: * OK PTIME = THRU (PRIMARY TIMING) FTIME = INT (FALLBACK TIMING) FRAMING = ESF CODE = B8ZS; In addition, the response may contain one or more of the following messages: PAYLD-LB = ON (PAYLOAD LOOPBACK ON) (USING LOOP TIMING FOR PAYLOAD LOOPBACK) LINE-LB = ON (LINE LOOPBACK ON) EQPT-LB = ON (EQUIPMENT LOOPBACK ON) Changing Common Module Setup Parameters The setup of a CM-5 can be changed by issuing SET commands with the appropriate parameter names and values. Table 7-6 on page 7-27 lists the CM-5 setup parameters that can be changed remotely. For example, to set line code to AMI in an ACS-163 terminal multiplexer with an address of 11, issue the following command: 11:TERM:SET:CODE=AMI;

181 Remote Control Operation Shelf-Level and Common Module Remote Access 7-27 Table 7-6 Parameter names and values for SET commands issued to a CM-5 Parameter Function Values Sets the parameter to: FRAMING CODE PTIME LINE-LB PAYLD-LB EQPT-LB CH-ALM RESET T1 framing format T1 line code Primary timing mode T1 line loopback T1 payload loopback T1 equipment loopback ESF SF B8ZS AMI INT EXT LOOP THRU ON OFF ON OFF ON Extended superframe Superframe. Also known as "D4" Bipolar with 8-zero substitution Alternate mark inversion Internal (terminal multiplexers only) External (terminal multiplexers only) Loop (terminal multiplexers only) Through (drop & insert multiplexers only) Activate the line loopback Deactivate the line loopback Activate the payload loopback Deactivate the payload loopback Activate the equipment loopback OFF Deactivate the equipment loopback CAUTION: Do not activate the payload and equipment loopbacks simultaneously. When the control circuit is carried as a channel on the T1 circuit, never command the far end multiplexer to initiate an equipment loopback. You will not be able to turn this loopback off by remote control Selects alarms from the channel card SCB addresses that can generate a shelf alarm Resets the CM-5 to factory defaults ALL All SCB addresses reporting an alarm condition will be logically sent to the shelf alarm NONE No SCB addresses reporting an alarm condition will be sent to the shelf alarm 1 to 36 The SCB address (1-36) will be sent to the shelf alarm. Any subsequent SCB address number will also be sent to the shelf alarm DFLT Default settings are: FRAMING = ESF CODE = B8ZS PTIME = INT (on terminal multiplexers) PTIME = THRU (on drop & insert multiplexers) LINE-LB = OFF PAYLD-LB = OFF EQPT-LB = OFF CH-ALM = ALL All other CM-5 parameters are not affected by a RESET command

182 7-28 Remote Control Operation Channel Module Remote Access 7.6 Channel Module Remote Access Most of the channel modules available for use with ACS-16 Series multiplexers can be set up and monitored remotely. Specifically, the SET, CONFIG? and STATUS? commands may be issued to channel modules by using a subaddress of the form Cn, where n is the card address of the target channel module. Valid card (or module) addresses range from 1 to 36. As discussed earlier, setting hardware switches on each channel module determines its card address. In a 3RU shelf, we recommend setting the card address of each channel module to its physical slot number (3...18). In an expansion shelf, set the address of each channel module to its physical slot number plus 18. For example, a channel module located in physical slot 4 of an expansion shelf should be assigned a card address of 22. It is important to note again that remote communication with channel modules located in ACS-165 drop/insert multiplexers can only take place through the remote port of the DI-A CM-5. Channel module commands received by the DI-B CM-5 will be ignored. In a dual terminal multiplexer, each CM-5 communicates only with the channel modules in its section of the multiplexer. Each terminal operates independently of the other. However, an alert or alarm generated by either terminal will create an alert or alarm condition on the shelf Determining the Status of a Channel Module To determine the status of a given channel module in an ACS-16 Series multiplexer, issue a STATUS? command in the following form: <ADDRESS>:Cn:STATUS?:; where n is the number of the target channel module. For example, to request the status of channel module #4 in multiplexer #15, issue the command: 15:C4:STATUS?:; Note that the subaddress field in channel module STATUS? commands is always of the form Cn, regardless of whether the module is located in a terminal or a drop/insert multiplexer.

183 Remote Control Operation Channel Module Remote Access 7-29 The response to a valid channel module STATUS? command indicates whether the module is in an alarm or alert state, and may provide other information as well, depending on the specific channel module type. The response always takes this general form: * OK CHANNEL CARD NN, TYPE MMM (ONE OR TWO LINES INDICATING ALERT/ALARM CONDITIONS, IF PRESENT, FOLLOWED BY ONE OR MORE LINES STATING THE VALUES OF EACH "S" [STATUS] PARAMETER); An example of a response to a STATUS? command sent to a PT-15A program audio transmitter is shown in Table 7-7. Response Table 7-7 Explanation of a typical STATUS? response Description * OK A valid command was received CHANNEL CARD 3, TYPE 194 S1 = 1 (B1) S2 = (B) S3 = (B) S4 = (B); Channel card (module) # 3 is a PT-15A a The left channel analog input is active The right channel analog input is idle The left channel input is not in overload The right channel input is not in overload a. Channel card type, which is located in the second line of the response, is a number assigned by Intraplex to each different type (generally, each different model) of remotely controllable channel module. The type number, and definitions for the "S" (status) parameters maintained by each type of channel module, are found in the individual channel module manuals in Appendix A Determining the Configuration of a Channel Module To determine the configuration of a given channel module in an ACS-16 Series multiplexer, issue a CONFIG? command in the following form: <ADDRESS>:Cn:CONFIG?:; where n is the number of the target channel module. For example, to determine the setup of channel module #4 in multiplexer #2, issue the following command: 2:C4:CONFIG?:;

184 7-3 Remote Control Operation Channel Module Remote Access The response to a valid channel module CONFIG? command has the following general form: * OK CHANNEL CARD NN, TYPE MMM UNDER REMOTE (OR LOCAL) CONTROL SRVC = ON (OR OFF) (ONE OR MORE LINES STATING THE VALUES OF EACH "P" (SETUP) PARAMETER); An example of a response to a CONFIG? command issued to a PT-15A program audio transmitter is shown in Table 7-8. Response Table 7-8 Explanation of a typical CONFIG? response Description * OK A valid command was received CHANNEL CARD 4, TYPE 194 UNDER REMOTE CONTROL Set to remote control SRVC = ON Service is on (module is active) P1 = 1 (B1) First left channel time slot is set to 1 Channel card (module) # 4 is a PT-15A a P2 = 2 (B1) Second left channel time slot is set to 2 P3 = 3 (B11) First right channel time slot is set to 3 P4 = 4 (B1) Second right channel time slot is set to 4 P5 = 1 (B1) P6 = 1 (B1) P7 = 1 (B1) P8 = 1 (B1) P9 = (B) P1 = 1 (B1); Set to 15kHz bandwidth Both left and right channels are active Left channel is set to 15-bit coding Right channel is set to 15-bit coding Set for terminal (or DI-A) operation The scrambler is on a. Channel card type, which is located in the second line of the response, is a number assigned by Intraplex to each different type (generally, each different model) of remotely controllable channel module. The type number, and definitions for the "S" (status) parameters maintained by each type of channel module, are found in the individual channel module manuals in Appendix A. Definitions of the "P" codes (setup parameters) for each type of channel module are found in its individual manual in Appendix A.

185 Remote Control Operation Channel Module Remote Access Changing the Configuration of a Channel Module The configuration of a channel module can be changed by issuing SET commands with the appropriate subaddress and parameter. For example, to turn off (disable) channel module #4 in multiplexer #2, you would issue the following command: 2:C4:SET:SRVC = OFF; Or, assuming that channel module #4 in multiplexer #2 is a PT-15A (program audio transmitter), you could select 16-bit coding for its left and right channels by issuing the two commands shown in Table 7-9 below. Table 7-9 Commands for setting the coding for a PT-15A Command 2:C4:SET:P7 = ; 2:C4:SET:P8 = ; Description Set the left channel coding to 16 bits Set the right channel coding to 16 bits Parameter values for channel modules may be entered in the parameter field of a SET command as either decimal or binary numbers. For example, the following two commands are perceived as identical by the multiplexer: <MULTIPLEXER ADDRESS>:<CARD ADDRESS>:SET:P2 = 3; <MULTIPLEXER ADDRESS>:<CARD ADDRESS>:SET:P2 = B11; Caution: Binary numbers must be preceded by the letter "B" (as shown) or they will be interpreted as decimal numbers Examples of Channel Card Remote Configuration The following two examples illustrate the remote operation of channel cards in ACS-16 Series multiplexers Example 1: Turning Modules On and Off For this example, assume that the user has a point-to-point system with one program audio receiver module in the shelf at his location at site A and two program audio transmitter modules in the shelf at site B (Figure 7-5 on page 7-32). Each transmitter module is receiving as its analog input (program feed 1 and program feed 2) a 15 khz stereo program audio signal. The two transmitter modules and the receiver module are all set to time slots 15, 16, 17, and 18. The shelf at Site B is connected via phone line and modem to the user's terminal. Its password is "GREEN."

186 7-32 Remote Control Operation Channel Module Remote Access At site B, one transmitter module is set to card address 12 and the other is set to card address 13. The module at address 12 is currently active, which means that program feed 1 is being transmitted to site A. However, the user wishes to switch over to transmitting program feed 2. Figure 7-5 Turning modules on and off using remote control First, the user types the command: ::UNLOCK:GREEN; The system acknowledges the command with the response: * OK; The remote port is now unlocked. If the user then types the command: :C12:CONFIG?:; The system response is shown in Table 7-1 on page 7-33.

187 Remote Control Operation Channel Module Remote Access Table 7-1 Explanation of a CONFIG? response for example 1 Response Description * OK A valid query was received CHANNEL CARD 12, TYPE 194 The card is slot 12 is a PT-15A a UNDER REMOTE CONTROL Set to remote control SRVC = ON Service is on (module is active) P1 = 15 (B1111) First left channel time slot is set to 15 P2 = 16 (B1) Second left channel time slot is set to 16 P3 = 17 (B11) First right channel time slot is set to 17 P4 = 18 (B11) Second right channel time slot is set to 18 P5 = 1 (B1) Set to 15kHz bandwidth P6 = 1 (B1) P7 = 1 (B1) P8 = 1 (B1) P9 = (B) P1 = (B); Note that if the user types: Both left and right channels are active Left channel is set to 15-bit coding Right channel is set to 15-bit coding Set for terminal (or DI-A) operation The scrambler is off a. Channel card type, which is located in the second line of the response, is a number assigned by Intraplex to each different type (generally, each different model) of remotely controllable channel module. The type number, and definitions for the "S" (status) parameters maintained by each type of channel module, are found in the individual channel module manuals in Appendix A. :C13:CONFIG?:; then the response from the system will be the same, except that line two will read CHANNEL CARD 13,TYPE 194 and line four will read SRVC = OFF. To make the desired changes, the user first types: :C12:SET:SRVC=OFF; The user can verify that the change was successful by again typing: :C12:CONFIG?:;

188 7-34 Remote Control Operation Channel Module Remote Access The system responds: * OK CHANNEL CARD 12, TYPE 194 UNDER REMOTE CONTROL SRVC = OFF P1 = 15 (B1111) P2 = 16 (B1) P3 = 17 (B11) P4 = 18 (B11) P5 = 1 (B1) P6 = 1 (B1) P7 = 1 (B1) P8 = 1 (B1) P9 = (B) P1 = (B); The user then types: :C13:SET:SRVC = ON; The user checks that this change was successful by typing: :C13:CONFIG?:; and observing that line 4 now reads SRVC = ON. Program Feed 2 is now being transmitted from Site B to Site A on this T1 circuit, using time slots 15 through 18. Finally, the user locks the remote port again with the command: ::LOCK:; The system responds: * OK;

189 Remote Control Operation Channel Module Remote Access CONFIG? Responses - Channel Module Alarms The channel module alarm mask setting is reported in the ISiCL CONFIG? response. The response is in the format: CH-ALM= <Active Subaddress Alarms> Channel modules alarms are user-maskable through ISiCL. This allows the user to configure the multiplexer so that only program audio channel modules can generate shelf alarms. Check your channel module s documentation to determine if it supports alarm masking. Note: If a channel module is masked off and it fails, it will generate a shelf alert. Table 7-11 ISiCL syntax for channel module alarm masking Parameter Legal Values Description CH-ALM ALL, NONE, 1 to 36 Select alarms from the channel module subaddresses that are OR d onto the shelf alarm If ALL is entered, then all subaddresses reporting an alarm condition will be logically OR d onto the shelf alarm If NONE is entered, then no subaddresses reporting an alarm condition will be logically OR d onto the shelf alarm If a number 1-36 is entered, then that subaddress will be OR d onto the shelf alarm. Any subsequent subaddress number will also be OR d. For example, if the ISiCL commands: ::SET:CH-ALM=NONE; ::SET:CH-ALM=1; ::SET:CH-ALM=2; and entered, then alarms for channel modules on subaddress 1 and 2 are OR d onto the shelf alarm ALL is the factory default Example 2: Changing the Configuration For this example, assume that the user is operating a network, with terminal multiplexers at sites B and C, and a drop/insert multiplexer with an address of 7 at site A. Multiplexer 7 contains a program audio transmitter whose card address is 4. Last night it was used to transmit a concert in 15 khz high fidelity stereo on time slots 11, 12, 13, and 14 to site B. Today it will be used to transmit a sports event in 7.5 khz monaural on time slot 9 to site C. Figure 7-6 on page 7-36 shows this setup.

190 7-36 Remote Control Operation Channel Module Remote Access Figure 7-6 Changing channel module configuration by remote control

191 Remote Control Operation Channel Module Remote Access 7-37 Assume here that the password for the multiplexer is "BLUE". Remember that all remote communication with channel modules on a drop/insert shelf is through the DI-A CM-5. To unlock the remote port, the user types: 7:DI-A:UNLOCK:BLUE; The multiplexer responds:* OK; To make the necessary changes, the user first types: 7:C4:SET:SRVC = OFF; The user then verifies the configuration of the channel card by typing: 7:C4:CONFIG?:; The system responds as shown in Table Table 7-12 Explanation of a CONFIG? response for example 2 Response Description * OK A valid query was received CHANNEL CARD 4, TYPE 194 The card is slot 4 is a PT-15A a UNDER REMOTE CONTROL Set to remote control SRVC = OFF The card s output is disabled P1 = 11 (B111) First left channel time slot is set to 11 P2 = 12 (B11) Second left channel time slot is set to 12 P3 = 13 (B111) First right channel time slot is set to 13 P4 = 14 (B111) Second right channel time slot is set to 14 P5 = 1 (B1) Set to 15kHz bandwidth P6 = 1 (B1) P7 = (B) P8 = (B) P9 = (B) P1 = (B); Both left and right channels are active Left channel is set to 16-bit coding Right channel is set to 16-bit coding Set to transmit via the DI-A port The scrambler is off a. Channel card type, which is located in the second line of the response, is a number assigned by Intraplex to each different type (generally, each different model) of remotely controllable channel module. The type number, and definitions for the "S" (status) parameters maintained by each type of channel module, are found in the individual channel module manuals in Appendix A.

192 7-38 Remote Control Operation Channel Module Remote Access The user enters the four commands shown intable Command Table 7-13 Commands to change channel time slot and bandwidth Description 7:C4:SET:P1 = 9; Set the first left channel time slot to 9 7:C4:SET:P5 = ; Set to 7.5kHz mode 7:C4:SET:P6 = ; Set right channel to OFF 7:C4:SET:P9 = 1; Set to transmit via the DI-B port After each command, the system responds:* OK; The user verifies that the changes are correct by typing: 7:C4:CONFIG?:; The system responds as above. Note that the second time slot for the left channel and both time slots for the right channel have not been changed, and they will show up on the configuration listing with their old settings. This does not matter, because when the PT-15A module is configured to transmit a single 7.5 khz channel, only the first time slot on the left channel is active. The user then turns the card back on with the command: 7:C4:SET:SRVC = ON; Finally, the user relocks the remote port on the DI-A common module with the command: 7:DI-A:LOCK:; The system responds:* OK; The changeover is complete.

193 Remote Control Operation CSU Functions CSU Functions This section provides an introduction to the ACS-16 s integrated CSU functions Introduction to CSU Line Performance Statistics The integrated CSU detects, organizes, and stores CSU line performance statistics in industry-standardized formats. You can use this data to identify existing line problems as well as monitor for developing problems. Note: CSU statistics are only available when the CM-5 is operating in ESF mode. See Section , Displaying and Changing Items in the Basic Configuration Group, on page 3-3 and Table 3-2 on page 3-6 for information on verifying the CM-5 s frame format Selecting a CSU Line Performance Statistics Standard CSU line performance statistics can be presented in either of two industry formats: ANSI T or AT&T TR5416. The integrated CSU s factory default standard is ANSI. Use the Configuration Group to select the integrated CSU s standard. 1. Press down repeatedly on the GROUP switch until the display reads TSEL. 2. Press down repeatedly on the SET/NEXT switch until the display reads CSU. Notice that CSU is underscored. This indicates an additional subgroup. 3. Press up once on the SET/NEXT switch to display Off, which is the first of three CSU options. 4. Press down repeatedly on the SET/NEXT switch until the display shows the standard you want to select. 5. To change modes, press up twice on the SET/NEXT switch. After the first press the green (top) LED blinks, indicating that a change is about to be made. After the second press it turns on continuously, indicating that the integrated CSU is now operating in the standard you selected.

194 7-4 Remote Control Operation CSU Functions Accessing and Evaluating CSU Line Performance Statistics You can determine the performance status of a ACS-16 Series multiplexer by issuing one of the four ISiCL commands to its TERM, DI-A, or DI-B module. Table 7-14 on page 4 describes the four commands. Figure 7-7 on page 4 shows the relationship of the CSU line performance data commands to local and remote multiplexers. Table 7-14 Summary of ISiCL commands for CSU line performance data Command CSU_STAT? REMOTE_STAT? ATT_STAT? REGISTERS? Description Queries local CSU line performance in ANSI T compliant format Queries remote CSU line performance in ANSI T compliant format Queries a summary of the ATT TR5416 performance registers Queries a detailed history of the ATT TR5416 performance registers Figure 7-7 Relationship of CSU line performance data commands to local and remote multiplexers The following sections outline each command s syntax, response format, and guidelines for evaluating the response data.

195 Remote Control Operation CSU Functions Issuing the CSU_STAT? Command You can query the CSU line performance statistics of a ACS-16 Series multiplexer by issuing a CSU_STAT? command to its TERM, DI-A, or DI-B module. Table 7-15 shows examples of CSU_STAT? commands for ACS-16 Series multiplexers. Table 7-15 CSU_STAT? commands Model ACS-163 Terminal ACS-165 A direction ACS-165 B direction Command <ADDRESS>:TERM:CSU_STAT?:; <ADDRESS>:DI-A:CSU_STAT?:; <ADDRESS>:DI-B:CSU_STAT?:; Issuing the REMOTE_STAT? Command You can query the remote CSU line performance of a ACS-16 Series multiplexer by issuing a REMOTE_STAT? command to its TERM, DI-A, or DI-B module. The remote end must be ANSI T compatible. Table 7-16 shows examples of REMOTE_STAT? commands for ACS-16 Series multiplexers. Table 7-16 REMOTE_STAT? command Model ACS-163 Terminal ACS-165 A direction ACS-165 B direction Command <ADDRESS>:TERM:REMOTE_STAT?:; <ADDRESS>:DI-A:REMOTE_STAT?:; <ADDRESS>:DI-B:REMOTE_STAT?:; Evaluating CSU_STAT? and REMOTE_STAT? Responses The CSU_STAT? and REMOTE_STAT? commands request the same format of data from the local and remote ends of your network, respectively. Figure 7-8 on page 42 shows a typical response to the CSU_STAT? and REMOTE_STAT? commands.

196 7-42 Remote Control Operation CSU Functions Figure 7-8 Typical response to CSU_STAT? and REMOTE_STAT? commands * OK ELAPS TIME 19:52:3 DETEC TIME 19:52:3 CRC=1 1<CRC<=5 5<CRC<=1 1<CRC<=1 1<CRC<=319 CRC>32 SEFE SEC FBE SEC BPV SEC SLIP SEC PLB SEC YEL SEC Table 7-17 describes the data in a CSU_STAT? and REMOTE_STAT? response. Table 7-17 CSU_STAT? and REMOTE_STAT? response data Data Description Typical Value ELAPS TIME DETEC TIME CRC=1 1<CRC<=5 5<CRC<=1 1<CRC<=1 1<CRC<=319 CRC>32 Elapse Time - The time the integrated CSU has been accumulating CSU line performance data Detection Time - The time the integrated CSU has been successfully receiving (REMOTE_STAT? command) or sending (CSU_STAT? command) ANSI T1.43 compatible performance report messages from the remote device CRC error events - The occurrence of a received CRC code that is not identical to the corresponding locally-calculated code When the local/remote device is ANSI-compliant, DETEC TIME = ELAPS TIME - YEL SEC When the local/remote device is neither ANSI- or AT&T-compliant and a signal is present, DETEC TIME remains constant at : Under normal operating conditions, you should not have any CRC errors The more CRC errors accumulated the greater the severity of the problem. CRC > 32 is equivalent to a severely errored second

197 Remote Control Operation CSU Functions 7-43 Table 7-17 CSU_STAT? and REMOTE_STAT? response data (continued) Data Description Typical Value SEFE SEC FBE SEC BPV SEC SLIP SEC PLB SEC YEL SEC Severely errored framing event seconds - The occurrence of two or more framing-bit-pattern errors within a 3 ms period. Contiguous 3 ms intervals are examined and the 3 ms period may coincide with the ESF. This framing-error indicator, while similar in form to criteria for declaring a terminal has lost framing, is only designed as a performance indicator; existing terminal out-of-frame criteria are the basis for terminal alarms Framing synchronization bit error seconds - The occurrence of a frame-bit error in the received frame-bit pattern Bipolar violation seconds - A non-zero signal element in an AMI (bipolar) signal that has the same polarity as the previous non-zero signal element. See Section for more information on bipolar violations Controlled slips seconds - The occurrence of a replication, or deletion, of a DS1 frame at the receiving terminal. A controlled slip may occur when there is a difference between the timing of a synchronous receiving terminal and the received signal Payload loopback seconds - A loopback which results in a Mbps loopback of the payload of the signal received by the customer installation from the network installation maintaining bit-sequence integrity for the information bits Yellow alarm seconds - Signal transmitted if a DS1 terminal is unable to synchronize on the DS1 signal for some interval of time indicating an LOF (loss of frame) condition. Commonly referred to as yellow signal, also known as a remote alarm indication (RAI) Under normal operating conditions, you should not have any SEFE seconds Under normal operating conditions, you should not have any FBE seconds Under normal operating conditions, you should not have any BPV seconds Under normal operating conditions, you should never have any SLIP errors Under normal operating conditions, you should not have any payload loopback seconds Under normal operating conditions, you should not have any yellow alarm seconds

198 7-44 Remote Control Operation CSU Functions Clearing CSU_STAT? and REMOTE_STAT? Data Each CSU_STAT? and REMOTE_STAT? register can hold from to events. When a register reaches events, it remains at that number until cleared to with a CLEAR command. For example, to clear a ACS-163 multiplexer s CSU_STAT? and REMOTE_STAT? registers, issue a command in the form: <ADDRESS>:TERM:CLEAR:; Note: The CLEAR command will clear both the CSU_STAT? and REMOTE_STAT? registers. You cannot clear individual data registers Issuing the ATT_STAT? Command You can query a summary of the ACS-16 Series multiplexer s AT&T TR5416 performance registers by issuing a ATT_STAT? command to its TERM, DI-A, or DI-B module. Table 7-18 shows examples of ATT _STAT? commands for ACS-16 Series multiplexers. Table 7-18 ATT_STAT? command Model ACS-163 Terminal ACS-165 A direction ACS-165 B direction Command <ADDRESS>:TERM:ATT_STAT?:; <ADDRESS>:DI-A:ATT_STAT?:; <ADDRESS>:DI-B:ATT_STAT?:; Evaluating ATT_STAT? Responses The 15 minute ATT_STAT? registers can hold a maximum of 9 events, one for each second in the interval (6 seconds per minute X 15 minutes = 9 seconds). The 15 minute interval registers should never exceed 9. The 24 hour registers can hold a maximum of events. If the number of events exceeds 65535, the register will remain at that number until the point when the most recent 24 hour period when the sum of the 15 minute intervals do not exceed it. Note: The network can request that CSU line performance registers be reset to zero which may present a false indication of line performance. Figure 7-9 on page 45 shows a typical response to the ATT_STAT? command. Table 7-2 on page 47 describes the data in an ATT_STAT? response.

199 Remote Control Operation CSU Functions 7-45 Figure 7-9 Typical response to ATT_STAT? command * OK MEASURE SECS VALID INTERVALS ERRORED SECS UNAVAIL SECS BUR ERRD SECS SEV ERRD SECS CTL SLIP SECS LOSS OF FRAME MIN 24HR/TOT Issuing the REGISTERS? Command You can query a detailed history of the ACS-16 Series multiplexer s AT&T TR5416 performance registers by issuing a REGISTERS? command to its TERM, DI-A, or DI-B module. Table 7-19 shows examples of REGISTERS? commands for ACS-16 Series multiplexers. Table 7-19 REGISTERS? command Model ACS-163 Terminal ACS-165 A direction ACS-165 B direction Command <ADDRESS>:TERM:REGISTERS?:; <ADDRESS>:DI-A:REGISTERS?:; <ADDRESS>:DI-B:REGISTERS?:; Evaluating REGISTERS? Responses The REGISTERS detect events every second and store data in 15 minute intervals. There are 96 intervals (24 hours X 4 intervals per hour = 96 intervals) that record data. The registers store the most recent 24 hours of data. Figure 7-1 on page 7-46 shows a typical response to the REGISTERS? command. Table 7-2 on page 47 describes the data in a REGISTERS? response.

200 7-46 Remote Control Operation CSU Functions Figure 7-1 Typical response to REGISTERS? command * OK INT ES 1 UAS BES SES CSS LOF INT ES UAS BES SES CSS LOF

201 Remote Control Operation CSU Functions 7-47 Table 7-2 ATT_STAT? and REGISTERS? response data Data Item Description Typical Values MEASURE SECS VALID INTERVALS ERRORED SECS (ES) UNAVAIL SECS (UAS) BUR ERRD SECS (BES) SEV ERRD SECS (SES) CTL SLIP SECS (CSS) LOSS OF FRAME (LOF) Measured Seconds - The number of seconds the integrated CSU has been accumulating CSU line performance statistics in the current 15 minute interval. This register can hold a maximum value of 9 (6 seconds per minute x 15 minutes = 9 seconds) Valid Intervals - The number of complete 15 minute intervals that the integrated CSU has accumulated CSU line performance data. This register can hold a maximum value of 96 (four-15 minute intervals per hour x 24 hours = 96 intervals) Errored seconds - A second with one or more ESF error events, that is, one or more CRC6 error events or one or more OOFs (out of frame) Unavailable seconds - A count of one-second intervals during which service is unavailable Bursty errored seconds - A second with more than one, but less than 32 CRC6 error events Severely errored second - A second with 32 or more CRC6 error events OR one or more OOFs Controlled slips seconds - The occurrence of a replication or deletion of a DS1 frame at the receiving terminal. A controlled slip may occur when there is a difference between the timing of a synchronous receiving terminal and the received signal Loss of frame - The occurrence of a DS1 terminal unable to synchronize on the DS1 signal for some interval Under normal operating conditions when the device is ANSI or AT&T-compliant, measured seconds should be between and 9 Under normal operating conditions, you should see a value between and 96 Under normal operating conditions, you should not have any errored seconds Under normal operating conditions, you should not have any unavailable seconds Under normal operating conditions, you should not have any BES seconds Under normal operating conditions, you should not have any SEFE seconds. Under normal operating conditions, you should never have any SLIP errors Under normal operating conditions, you should not have any loss of frame in a 24 hour period Clearing ATT_STAT? and REGISTERS? Data There are no commands available to clear the ATT_STAT? and REGISTERS? registers.

202 7-48 Remote Control Operation Configuring the CM-5TD Delay Feature 7.8 Configuring the CM-5TD Delay Feature The configuration and status monitoring of the optional delay feature are controlled by ISiCL through the remote control interface. The delay feature parameters are controlled using P (parameter) codes; the status is retrieved using S (status) codes. These features correspond to the manual switch settings discussed in the TDLY section of Table 3-2 on page 3-6 and the procedures outlined in Section , Setting the CM-5TD Subaddress, on page For example, to set smooth (hitless) buffer depth change on a CM-5TD whose delay feature has an address of 2, and with a multiplexer address of 11, issue the following command: Service Command You can turn service on or off for the delay feature by sending SRVC = ON or SRVC = OFF in the ISiCL parameter field with a SET command P Codes 11:C2:SET:P2=B; P codes allow you to set parameters on the delay feature of the CM-5TD when used in the parameter field of an ISiCL SET command. There are four P codes for the delay feature of the CM-5TD: P1, P2, P3, and P4. Each is a number from to 255, also represented as an eight-digit binary number in parentheses. Table 7-21 on page 49 describes the meanings of the P codes. P codes also appear in the response to a CONFIG? query showing the current parameter settings on the card as shown in Figure Figure 7-11 Typical CM-5TD response to a CONFIG? query * OK CHANNEL CARD 1, TYPE 12 UNDER REMOTE CONTROL SRVC = ON P1 = (B) P2 = (B) P3 = 3 (B11) P4 = 135 (B1111); Note: When using binary numbers in the parameter field of a SET command, they must be preceded by the letter B. For example: <multiplexer address>:<card address>:set:p2 = B1;

203 Remote Control Operation Configuring the CM-5TD Delay Feature 7-49 Table 7-21 Delay feature P codes Binary Digits P Code Value Description P1 B Sets normal polarity for the RS-422 control input 1 Sets inverted polarity for the RS-422 control input (can correct for reversed wires at the RS-422 interface) B Not used These digits must be set to zero P2 B or 1 Most significant bit of the delay setting (Section 7.8.5, Changing the delay setting using the RS-232 remote port, on page 7-51) B Not used These digits must be set to zero B Step (non-hitless) change in depth 1 Smooth (hitless) change in depth P3 B or 1 Second through ninth most significant bits of the delay setting (see Section 7.8.5, Changing the delay setting using the RS-232 remote port, on page 7-51) P4 B or 1 Eight least significant bits of the delay setting (see Section 7.8.5, Changing the delay setting using the RS-232 remote port, on page 7-51) S Codes There are four S codes for the delay feature of a CM-5TD module. These appear in response to a STATUS? query and are defined in Table 7-22 on page 7-5. Like the P codes, the S codes are displayed in both decimal and binary form as shown in Figure Figure 7-12 Typical CM-5TD response to a STATUS? query * OK CHANNEL CARD 1, TYPE 12 S1 = (B) S2 = (B) S3 = 3 (B11) S4 = 135 (B1111);

204 7-5 Remote Control Operation Configuring the CM-5TD Delay Feature Table 7-22 Delay feature S codes Binary Digits S Code Value Description S1 B Phase-locked loop (PLL) status PLL is locked (LOCK indicator is on) 1 PLL is not locked (LOCK indicator is off) B Buffer status Normal (BUFFER indicator is off) 1 Overflow/underflow in previous second (BUFFER indicator is on). Note: the BUFFER indicator reacts instantly, while the buffer status bit remains 1 for about a second after the event B Not Used S2 B or 1 The most significant bit of the programmed delay setting B Not Used S3 B or 1 The second through ninth most significant bits of the programmed delay setting S4 B or 1 The eight least significant bits of the programmed delay setting

205 Remote Control Operation Configuring the CM-5TD Delay Feature Operation Table 7-23 The CM-5TD has a set of indicators located behind the TIMING indicators. Table 7-23 describes these indicators. CM-5TD indicators Indicator BUF LOCK SRVC Description Buffer. This yellow indicator lights when the delay buffer overflows or underflows, indicating that the input clock frequency is going outside the PLL lock range This green indicator lights when the actual delay is identical to the configured delay This green indicator lights when the delay functionality is activated The delay setting is determined by the number of bits used in the buffer. The buffer depth can range from 6 bits to 131,76 bits. Each T1 (1.544 Mbps) bit has a duration of ns, this allows you to set a delay time ranging from 3.89 µs to 84. ms. The delay is set by sending a 17-bit binary number to the CM-5TD; the CM-5TD takes this number and adds five to it, and uses the result to set the buffer depth in bits. The 17-bit number can be sent to the CM-5TD in two ways through the RS-232 serial remote port using ISiCL P codes (see Section 7.8.5, Changing the delay setting using the RS-232 remote port, on page 7-51), or using the RS-422 control port (see Section 7.8.6, Changing the delay setting using the RS-422 control port, on page 7-53). Caution: Valid numbers are binary 1 through (1 through 131,71 decimal). Do not send all zeroes Changing the delay setting using the RS-232 remote port This method uses ISiCL SET commands with P codes to change the delay value. The ISiCL commands are sent to the CM-5TD through the RS-232 remote port. The settings of P4, P3, and the least significant bit of P2 are used together to create a 17-bit binary number (Figure 7-13 on page 7-52); this number plus five gives the actual instantaneous buffer depth.

206 7-52 Remote Control Operation Configuring the CM-5TD Delay Feature Figure 7-13 P2 P Codes Used to Change the Buffer Depth (Delay Time) P3 P4 Not used These 17 bits taken as a single binary number represent the buffer depth setting (less 5) Change mode: = Step mode 1 = Smooth mode Most significant bit (MSB) Least significant bit (LSB) Example: The delay value of the hardware is updated whenever a parameter is changed, so when making multiple-byte changes, it is best to update the most significant bits first. Also, when the desired buffer depth is known only approximately, it may be useful to make a large change in step mode to the approximate depth first, and then make finer adjustments in smooth mode, so as to minimize both the total time required to make the change and the overall amount of T1 circuit disruption. As an example, let s look at a situation where the desired delay is first determined to be approximately 3 ms, and closer measurements then indicate that the true target value is ms. First, determine the correct buffer depth (in bits) for the desired delay. The algorithm for this is: Divide the desired delay time by the T1 (1.544) bit duration (488 ns). Subtract five from the result. Look at this number in 17-bit binary format. For this example, we get: 3 ms ns = = Decimal = binary MSBP3P ms ns = = Decimal = binary MSBP3P4

207 Remote Control Operation Configuring the CM-5TD Delay Feature 7-53 Then, to make these changes, issue the following series of ISiCL commands: :C2:SET:P2=B; :C2:SET:P3=B1111; :C2:SET:P4=B111111; :C2:SET:P2=1; :C2:SET:P4=B11111; Select step change and set most significant bit to Set high-order 8 bits for 3 ms Set low-order 8 bits for 3 ms Select smooth change Set low-order 8 bits for ms (no change in high-order 8 bits is required) Changing the delay setting using the RS-422 control port This method uses the RS-422 control port to change the delay value. The control port is part of the physical external timing input connector. See Table 2-6 on page 2-13 for the MA-215/MA-217B timing in port pin assignments. The control port is a receive-only RS-422/RS-485 serial port configured to accept an asynchronous 96 bps data stream with one start bit, eight data bits, no parity, and one stop bit. The control port recognizes four different information bytes. Each of these four bytes consists of two identifying bits and six data bits (Figure 7-14 on page 53); the 24 data bits contained in these four bytes are identical to the 24 bits in P2, P3, and P4 under ISiCL (see Section 7.8.2, P Codes, on page 7-48). The least significant (right-hand) bit is transmitted first. As when using P codes, it is best to send the most significant bits first. Figure 7-14 RS-422 Control Port Information Bytes Byte Type 1 Byte Type 2 Byte Type 3 Byte Type 4 ID ConfigurationData ID ConfigurationData ID ConfigurationData ID ConfigurationData Not used These 17 bits taken as a single binary number represent the buffer depth setting (less 5) Change mode: = Step mode 1 = Smooth mode Most significant bit (MSB) Least significant bit (LSB)

208 7-54 Remote Control Operation Network Management Communications 7.9 Network Management Communications Introduction Intraplex multiplexers can be used in a variety of network configurations ranging from simple point-to-point systems to complex meshed networks combining ring and star topologies. Control of Intraplex network access products can be accomplished by connecting a personal computer or terminal to the RS-232 or RS-485 control port on the CM-5 common modules, which provide overall shelf management as well as network-side transmission interfaces. The RS-485 ports on CM-5 s can be daisy-chained together providing a single network management access point for several co-located equipment shelves. Intraplex network access products can also be accessed remotely using internal DS communications capability. DS communication enables the multiplexer (using its common module) to pass network management commands to the CM-5 connected at the far end of the T1 line. Communication is accomplished over an adjustable payload bandwidth in a DS time slot of the T1. DS communication is part of an overall network management strategy for Intraplex systems, allowing integrated network management access for multiple network elements from a single gateway network element. The COMM (network communications) group on the CM-5 must be configured properly for network communications. The COMM group can be accessed through the common module basic configuration menu. Detailed explanations on displaying and editing functions in the CM-5 basic menu are provided in Section , Displaying and Changing Items in the Basic Configuration Group, on page 3-3. Descriptions of the settings in the COMM group are shown in Table 7-24 on page 7-55.

209 Remote Control Operation Network Management Communications 7-55 Table 7-24 Network communication settings Abridged Basic Configuration Menu COMM Network communications parameters CNFG Network configuration OFF* MSTR SLV BRDG Turn network communications off Set the multiplexer to master mode Set the multiplexer to slave mode Set the multiplexer to bridge mode RATE Networking data rate 8 KB Set the data rate to 8 Kbps (1 bit/ds) 16 KB Set the data rate to 16 Kbps (2 bits/ds) 32 KB* Set the data rate to 32 Kbps (4 bits/ds) 64 KB Set the data rate to 64 Kbps (8 bits/ds) TSLT Set the time slot used for DS communications to and from the network interface 1 to 24 a T1 setting a. Indicates factory default. The following control settings must be set on each CM-5 basic menu COMM group for successful communication on a DS network: set the common module to master, slave, or bridge mode (default: off) select a data rate of 8, 16, 32, or 64 kbps (default: 32 kbps) select a DS communications time slot (default: time slot 24 for T1) Common Module Network Configuration A network or subnetwork must have a single master (primary) station that controls all the communications and one or more slave (secondary) stations. Only one slave can be transmitting at any time, therefore the master controls all slave transmissions. The bridge mode is used during maintenance, allowing network communications to remain functional by completing a DS loop while a personal computer can be directly connected to the bridged CM-5 for Intraplex Simple Command Language (ISiCL) commands.

210 7-56 Remote Control Operation Network Management Communications Caution: A bridged CM-5 cannot communicate in a network (see Figure 7-15). ISiCL works in a command response mode, where the CM-5 generates messages only in response to ISiCL commands from an external controller. If a CM-5 communications configuration (CNFG) is set to OFF, network communications cannot be completed through the module. If a CM-5 CNFG is set to SLAVE, a PC cannot be connected for ISiCL commands (Figure 7-15). All CM-5 s within a network must have identical data rates and time slot settings to communicate with each other. Figure 7-15 Common module configuration settings Common Module Network Address Each common module can be assigned a network address a four-digit number from 1 to 9999 used to distinguish different multiplexers on a common network. If multiple multiplexers are connected to a common network, each multiplexer may receive every command issued by the central controller. By including the target multiplexer s network address in the ISiCL command you can ensure that only the target multiplexer responds to that command. The network address is an optional setting. If remote control is not used, or if the controller is connected directly to a single CM-5, it is not necessary to set up and use the network address.

211 Remote Control Operation Network Management Communications 7-57 To prevent unauthorized or accidental changes, multiplexer addresses cannot be changed by remote control. Each multiplexer s address must be entered using the CM-5 front-panel user interface Multiple Common Module Addressing For multiplexers with multiple CM-5 s, each CM-5 can be assigned different addresses or no address at all. (However, redundant CM-5 s must be set to the same address as the primary CM-5.) For drop and insert multiplexers (ACS-165 and ACS-168), set the same network address for each CM-5. To target a specific CM-5, use the DI-A or DI-B subaddress. For dual terminal multiplexers (ACS-166 and ACS-169), set different network addresses for each CM-5. In this way you can treat each CM-5 as a separate multiplexer. Procedures for setting the CM-5 addresses are outlined in Section , Setting the Network Address (ADDR Group), on page Network Topologies Intraplex equipment can be connected in a wide variety of network topologies. It is possible for the user to establish network management communications throughout any of these networks using a combination of RS-485 and DS communications Sub-networks Each group of controlled CM-5 s are referred to as a control sub-network or subnet. Figure 7-16 shows six CM-5 s grouped into three separate control subnets that are controlled by a network computer at one location. Figure 7-16 Example of network communications using three separate control subnets

212 7-58 Remote Control Operation Network Management Communications Basic setup of a network is accomplished as follows: 1. Set all the stations in each subnet to the same communications data rate and time slot. 2. Set one station in each subnet to master mode. Set all remaining stations within the subnet to either bridge or slave mode. 3. Connect the PC controlling each subnet to the master station via an RS-232 on the remote port. Caution: Do not connect a PC to the remote port of slave stations. A PC can be connected via RS-232 to the remote port of a bridge station, but the PC will only communicate with the bridge. 4. If connecting one subnet to another, connect an RS-485 from the remote port of a subnet slave on the first subnet to the remote port of the subnet master for the second subnet Point-to-Point Point-to-point configurations are straightforward. In these systems, the PC connects to a CM-5 and controls both the local CM-5 and the CM-5 at the far end as shown in Figure Figure 7-17 Network communication in a simple point-to-point configuration Drop/Insert A point-to-point configuration can be extended to control multiple point-to-point links between the same two locations using only a single DS channel or subchannel. In Figure 7-18, the system is extended to include a drop and insert multiplexer. Figure 7-18 Network communication in a drop and insert configuration A variety of other configurations are possible using Intraplex CrossConnect multiplexers. Contact an Intraplex representative for more information on how Intraplex CrossConnect products can effectively manage your complex communication needs.

213 Remote Control Operation IntraGuide Software IntraGuide Software IntraGuide Configuration and Management software allows you to view multiple Intraplex systems from one control point. IntraGuide provides a graphic user interface (GUI) that makes it easy to: visually check system status interrogate for alarm conditions monitor and log hardware and communications links The program has an intuitive look and feel that pleases both the experienced technician and the casual user. IntraGuide even works offline. Configurations can be created in advance, saved, and imported later Online Help The IntraGuide online help features both user interface help and Intraplex equipment help. The online help is also context-sensitive and designed to provide the user with all information required to install and use IntraGuide.

214 7-6 Remote Control Operation IntraGuide Software Getting Started To load IntraGuide, run SETUP.EXE directly from the CD-ROM. This will launch the setup program and prompt you through the remainder of the installation process. IntraGuide can also be downloaded from the Harris-Intraplex website at To get started with IntraGuide, ensure that the cabling is properly connected from the equipment to the PC (See Section and Section below). Ensure that each of the channel cards are set to REMOTE. If the REMOTE is not enabled, you can still read the setting from the channel cards but cannot make changes to the programmable card settings. Launch the IntraGuide program. You will find the program located in the Start menu under Programs IntraGuide. Select Auto Detect Devices from the Setup menu. This will allow the program to go online with the equipment and build an equipment list. Follow the prompts for detecting the channel cards. Note: IntraGuide does not work with all Intraplex channel modules. To see the latest list of compatible cards, look in "alphabetic card index" in the index (or under "operations, system cards" in the table of contents) in the IntraGuide online help Hardware Requirements The IntraGuide software is designed to operate as an application under Windows 95, Windows 98, or Windows NT. A Pentium 9MHz or better is required with 32MB RAM and one available serial port. Graphic settings for displaying the program should be 16-bit color or better. If the graphic display is set to 256 colors or less, some color distortion and image flashing may occur.

215 Remote Control Operation IntraGuide Software Connections Table 7-25 Communications from your computer to the Intraplex equipment is accomplished via an RS-232 using one of the COM ports on your computer. The remote port is an RJ-11 jack on the MA-215 or MA-217B modules. Pin connections for the modules are shown in Table RJ-11 remote port pin connections for MA-215 and MA-217B module adapters Connection to a PC can be established using an ordinary straight-through wired cable (a null modem cable or adapter is not necessary). However, when connecting the remote port to a modem for use as a dial-in connection to the equipment, use a null modem cable, which will provide a standard RS-232 DCE to DCE connection. There is an adapter for connecting the MA-217B to a 9-pin serial port of a computer. Order part number CM-1 Term Adapter DB-9/RJ Serial Protocols Connector Pin Description 1 RS-485A 2 RS-232 transmit data (output) 3 No connection 4 RS-232 receive data (input) 5 RS-232 ground 6 RS-448B The default communications protocols for the CM-5 common module are: baud rate: 96 data bits: 7 parity: odd stop bits: 1 Note: The settings can be changed, however for long-term ease of use it is recommended that the communications protocol remain at the system defaults Sample Configurations Using IntraGuide IntraGuide can control the functionality of most cards. The IntraGuide online help provides context-sensitive information for the operation of the IntraGuide interface. Figure 7-19 on page 7-62 illustrates the CM-5 configuration interface. The T1 signaling can be set to B8ZS or AMI. It also provides primary timing mode and loopback features.

216 7-62 Remote Control Operation IntraGuide Software Figure 7-19 CM-5 configuration display The current condition of the CM-5 can be displayed in the status display shown in Figure 7-2. This display generates the same report as the manually entered ISiCL commands discussed previously in this section. Figure 7-2 CM-5 status display

217 Remote Control Operation IntraGuide Software 7-63 IntraGuide provides support for numerous Intraplex channel modules. For example, Figure 7-21 shows the configuration controls for a DS-64NC Synchronous Data Module. Figure 7-21 DS-64 General display Figure 7-22 shows another example of IntraGuide s controlling the testing configuration of the DS-64NC. Figure 7-22 DS-64 Testing display

218 7-64 Remote Control Operation IntraGuide Software IntraGuide can also display the status of a channel module, such as the DS-64NC status display shown in Figure Figure 7-23 DS-64 Status display There are many other channel modules that can be configured and tested using IntraGuide. See the IntraGuide Online Help for further information about IntraGuide channel module configurations and status displays.