VoIP

Transcription

1 VoIP

2 VoIP VoIP VoIP Protocol VoIP All IP network (IMT-2000)

3 VoIP VoIP ( Voice Over IP) VoN ( Voice on the Net) VoP ( Voice over Packet Network) IP Telephony Internet,, (PC-to-PC) PC-to-Phone, Phone-to-Phone : NGN

4 Next Gen Network One Network for all Service. Overlay.,, IP, QoS..,

5 Next Gen Service IP,,,. Real Time Differentiated IP Service Service PSTN Interworking = Next Gen Service Via Fast Routers RTP RSVP Via ATM MPLS Diffserv Via H.323/SIP IP/IN MGCP

6 PSTN Internet Internet Telephony Hybrid Networks VoP Networks Next Generation Networks

7 VoIP Telephony Transparent Trunking Toll Bypass, leverage Packet Infrastructure Retail IP Telephony (Calling Cards) International Low-cost Long Distance IP Based Enhanced Services IP Fax Integrated / Universal Messaging Broadcast Voice and Fax Services Internet Call Waiting Managed Business Services -IP Centrex Web-based Call Centers Content Read-back - Text to Speech

8 IP Telephony Focus Early Adoption Retail VoIP, Transparent Trunking Enhanced Services Migrate onto IP UMS, Enhanced Faxing, Centrex services Voice Infrastrature Change to IP Class 4 Replacement After

9 SS7 EO EO Toll Toll Toll Tan EO EO Tan Toll EO Tandem/Toll Network

10 Next Generation Tandem Network EO SS7 EO EO Packet EO EO Gateway Switch Packet-Based Tandem Network, IP phone

11 VoIP Concerns Voice Services Packet loss, delay 400ms Voice Compression Rate 6-8 kbps Compatibility Call Control(H.323) CODEC (G.723.1) Billing, etc Network Services Open Network Architecture Multi Network Services Flexibility Service Independent

12 Classification of VoP Technologies Media Adaptation and Transfer Speech Coding :, Serialization (Packetization) : IP, Multiplexing, Trunking Signaling Bearer Call Signaling Intellignet Network Call Processing Service and Management Supplementary and Multimedia Service Authentication, Mobility and Directory Service GSMP (General Switch Management Protocol), qgsmp Switching and Control Architecture MSMP (Multi Service Multi Plug-In) Soft Switching

13 Bandwidth voice compression silence suppression Packet Loss Congestion control, Prioritization buffering error correction Congestion and Delay Echo Prioritization technique Congestion control Adequate bandwidth( ) echo cancellation

14 Packet Voice Digital Signal and Packet Processing Voice Coding, Trans-coding, Silence Removal, Echo canceling Packetization (Serialization), Buffer smoothing Addressing/Naming & Routing E.164, IPv4/IPv6, DNS and Directory Service Call Processing Signaling Mode (CAS, CCS) Call Response Time Call Processing Capacity (BHCA) QoS(Quality of Service) End-to-End Delay/Jitter Packet Loss

15 Packet Voice ( ) Management Security Accounting/Charging/Billing Interworking Bearer Interworking Service (IN) Interworking (080-xxx, 700-xxx, etc) Mobility Terminal and Service mobility Services Basic Services (PC-to-Phone, Phone-to-PC, Phone-to-Phone, PCto-PC) Supplementary Services (UMS, SMS, Internet Call Waiting, Clickto-Dial etc) Interoperability

16 Speech Compression Speech Coder Bit Rate - fixed or variable, continuous or dtx Complexity - dedicated vs shared resources Delay - keep round-trip below 300 ms without echoes for conversations Quality - single encoding, tandems, background noise, channel impairments Speech Coder Toll/Conference Quality Low Complexity to Minimize Hardware Costs Bit rate in 6-16 kbit/sec range Robust to Tandeming, Noise and Packet Loss Low Delay

17 H.323 ITU-T G.7xx series (kbit/s) (ms) (MIPS) (khz) G <<1 4 G /56/ G /24/ G G G /

18 - codebook Input speech Frame (10,20,30 ms) Excitation Generation Synthesis Filter Error Minimization Error Weighting codebook (a) Encoder Excitation Generation Synthesis Filter (b) Decoder Reconstructed speech

19 Frame Processing and Delay G.729linear prediction Linear Prediction LP parameter Frame Delay Lookahead delay 120 samples (past) 80 samples current frame time 40 samples (future)

20 ITU-T G Dual rate (5.3/6.3 kbit/s) ITU-T 1995, Frame size : 30 ms, Lookahead : 7.5 ms 5.3 kbit/s higher rate ACELP (Algebraic Code Excited Linear Prediction) USH (Univ. of Sherbrooke) contributed 6.3 kbit/s lower rate MP-MLQ (Multi-Pulse maximum Likelihood Quantization) ACL/DSPG contributed Toll quality

21 G Extensions Annex A G VAD/SID/CNG(Comfort Noise Generation) noise Noise - SID (Silence insertion description) Active noisesilent noise DTX (Discontinuous Transmission) Noise Annex B G Annex C Scalable channel coding scheme for wireless applications H.324 Channel bit-rate: 0.7 ~ 14.3 kbit/s Channel codec: punctured convolutional codes

22 QoS Budgets QoS Class 4 (Best) 3 (High) 2 (Medium) 1 (Low) Speech Quality > G.711 G.726 at 32 kbit/s GSM-FR End-to-end Delay < 150ms < 250 ms < 350ms < 450 ms MOS 4.2 ~ ~ ~ ~ 2.9 Call Setup time Direct IP addressing E.164 Num. to IP addr. E.164 to IP via clearing house or roaming <1.5s <4s <7s <7s <2s <5s <10s <10s <3s <8s <15s <15s

23 excellent Quality, Complexity and Delay DELAY/COMPLEXITY Quality good fair ITU ? G G speech with noise G music G G clean speech poor bitrate (kb/s)

24 Packet Processing Video/Audio Capture Uncompressed Frame Video/Audio Play Encoder Compressed Frame Decoder Applications (Media Player) Packetization Fuction Real-Time Transport Protocol Encoder Output Buffer RTP Packets Playback Buffer Real-Time Transport Protocol Applications (Media Player) Unpacketization Fuction WinSock IP Stack IP Packets WinSock IP Stack Transmit Queue Receive Queue Network Interface Card CDMA/CD, AAL/ATM protocol Sending Station Network with IP-milticast CDMA/CD, AAL/ATM protocol Receiving Station Network Interface Card

25 Voice Coding Bandwidth Bytes G kbps G.729a kbps Frame size 30 ms 10 ms Coder RTP UDP IP Total IPv6 Total

26 Packet Loss Characteristics Packet Loss Source Site - overwrite Intermediate Site - dropping Destination Site - time constraint Packet Loss Packet Repetition GSM Packet Interpolation Frame Interleaving Bursty Error. Forward Error Correction

27 End-to-End Delay Components Packet (IP) Circuit (PSTN) D client D Access D packet D gateway D PSTN Coding/Decoding Modem& Packetization DSLAM, Jitter Buffer I/O processing Queueing Propagation (fixed) Coding, transcoding Packetization Echo canceling Negligible Major Major Factors Factors in in Mean Mean Delay Delay D gateway gateway D client client D access, D access, packet packet Major Major Factors Factors in in Delay Delay Jitter Jitter D packet packet D client client D gateway gateway

28 Delay Variation Jitter A B C Sender Transmits t A B C Sink Receives D 1 D 2 = D 1 D 3 = D 2 t Queueing delay Hold timejitter Buffer size Jitter Delay ms Delay Buffer Size

29 DTMF DTMF Transfer. DTMF DTMF DTMF Out-of-band (G ) Encoder DTMF TCP Decoder DTMF DTMF. In-band (G.729 ) do nothing (codec fidelity and network performance adequate)

30 Echo 2 Wire Local Loop Rx & Tx Superimposed Central Office 2w-4w Hybrid EC Receive Direction Transmit Direction Echo Impedance mismatch at the 2w-4w hybrid is the most common reason for echo tail ( ms) Echo is always present and as a problem is a function of the echo delay, and the magnitude of the echo 30

31 VoIP ITU - International Telecommunications Union SG 16 multimedia security H.323 IETF - International Engineering Task Force web services PSTN/ISDN Iptel : IP telephony PINT: PSTN-Internet service Sigtran : Telephony signaling transport SIP : Session Initiation Protocol ETSI - European Telecomm. Standards Institute TIPHON (Telephony and IP Harmonization Over Networks) SPS5 (UNI/NNI signaling aspects)

32 SG16 Multimedia SG2 Numbering SG11 Signaling SG13 Architecture ITU-T Recommandations Required Contributions T1 Integrated Keeper spec Global country code Collaboration RFCs TIPHON Naming/Addressing QoS Interoperability Requirement Megaco PINT IPTEL SIP IETF

33 Call Control Protocols H323v1 IP Protocol Roadmap IPDC MGCP SigTran SIP SIP+ SIP++ SGCP Decomp H.GCP H323v4 H323v3 H323v2 IETF ITU Media Level Protocols RTP/RTCP H323 IA Intserv/RSVP Hdr Compression Multiplexing Layered Encryption Codecs T38/T37 DiffServ/MPLS WDM QoS

34 H.323 Network CO PBX H.323 endpoint ISUP POTS Voice Fax GW H.450 Call Deflection IP LAN IP-based Voice Mail Server H.235 Security & Encryption MCU H.323 Annex E UDP signaling H.323 endpoint Gatekeeper Firewall Server H Annex G Inter-Domain Egress Router Gatekeeper ISP Video CO ISDN H.320 GW H.323 Annex D (T.38 Fax) H.323 Annex F (Simple Endpoint Types)

35 H.323 standards scopes H.323 defines System-level characteristics of terminals, gateways, gatekeepers, and MCUs Call signaling procedures (phases A-E) Refers to H.225 and H.245 specs H.225 defines Packetization and use of RTP/RTCP Use of Q.931/2 and RAS messages H.245 defines Procedures for use of Control Protocol msgs

36 ITU-T H.323 V.3 Components H.323 Base document + Annexes Annex E - signaling on UDP (for scalability) Annex F - single use device (minimum stack) SET(Simple Endpoint Type) H.225 Call control Signaling, packets, media streams, GK admission Annex G. inter-domain management H.245 Channel control open, close, negotiate capabilities (optional) H.235 Security H.332 Multicasting to large groups (MCU) H Supplementary services transfer, forwarding, hold, park, wait

37 Gatekeeper RAS Protocol & Call Setup H.323 Terminal TCP connection SETUP CONNECT (H245 Address) TCP connection H.245 Messages Open Logical Channels (RTCP address) H.323 Terminal Q.931 (over TCP) H.245 (over TCP) (RTCP & RTP addresses) (RTCP address) (RTCP & RTP addresses) RTP stream RTP stream RTCP stream Media (over Unicast UDP)

38 SIP/ SAP/ SDP SIP Session Initiation Protocol Application layer signaling protocol New IETF WG formed (SIP) (Came out of MMUSIC WG) Text, HTTP-like Extensions being drafted for Calling party privacy, distributed call signaling (DCS), local number portability (LNP) Direct competitor to H.323 SIP+ is now SIP-T (or SIP-BCP) for Telephony Interworking SAP Session Announcement Protocol Multicast multimedia session directory Announcers and listeners SDP Session Description Protocol Not really a protocol Also used by MGCP

39 H.323 and SIP H.323 SIP Widely deployed (in gateways and PC s) Full backwards compatibility Multimedia ready Complex protocol (bulky code size) Firewall friendly User friendly Shorter call setup time Easy implementation (smaller code size). Hot Topic: SIP and H.323 Interworking

40 ITU H.323 Decomposition Service Agent Gatekeeper H.323 User GK Network GK gateway Media Gateway Controller MGCP Media Gateway

41 Elements of IP Telephony Standards Based Connections Control Media Telephony Protocols IP Call Control Protocols H.323 (ITU) SIP(IETF) PCM streams 64kbps IP Packets Jitter Delay Sequence ISUP GSTN Side Voice Stream PCM Signaling Gateway Media Gateway Controller Media Gateway IP Side Voice Stream IP Packet

42 Decomposed Gateway Components Signaling Gateway (SG) Terminates out-of-band signaling (SS7, Q.931), transports to MGC (Sigtran) No signaling mediation (i.e., no ISUP-H.323 inter-working) Media Gateway Controller (MGC) MGC allow intelligence to be distributed in the network. Call processing, routing, billing, protocol conversion etc. Controls media gateway via SGCP, MGCP Megaco protocol, H.248 Media Gateway (MG) Inter-works actual media streams, e.g., TDM-to-RTP No call states

43 VoIP Gateway (IETF) SG: Signaling Gateway MGC: Media Gateway Controller MG: Media Gateway PSTN H.323, SIP IP Device RTP/RTCP PSTN SSP SS7, Q.931 SG SCTP MGC SIP+ MGC SCTP SG SS7, Q.931 SSP Gateway MGCP, MEGACO, H.GCP/H.248 Gateway Bearer Channels MG RTP/RTCP IP Network MG Bearer Channels

44 Media Gateways Media Gateways Media Gateways are Purpose-built specialist devices. Examples: Trunking gateways Voice over ATM gateways Residential gateways Access gateways Business gateways Network Access Servers Circuit switches

45 MGCP Network Architecture Call Agent Call Agent SS7 Gateway TCAP/SS7 ISUP/SS7 STP SCP MGCP MGCP RGW Internet Trunking Gateway PSTN RGW Voice Residential Gateway(RGW) Trunking Gateway(TGW) Call Agent - Media gateway controller SS7 Gateway MGCP : Media Gateway Control Protocol SIP : Session Initiation Protocol SCP : Signaling Control Point STP : Signaling Transfer Point ISUP : ISDN User Part TCAP : Transaction Capabilities Application Part

46 MGCP Network Architecture Service Agent TCAP SCP IP Phones, PCs H.323 Terminals H.323/SIP MGCP Call Connection Agent MGCP MGCP ISUP, TCAP SS7 Gateway Signaling STP Core Packet Network PSTN Customer Gateway Access Network Access Gateway Voice Streams RTP/RTCP Trunk Gateway Trunks LE IP-PBX IP-phone MGCP : Media Gateway Control Protocol SIP : Session Initiation Protocol RTP/RTCP : Real Time Protocol/RTP Control Protocol LE : Local Exchange SCP : Signaling Control Point STP : Signaling Transfer Point ISUP : ISDN User Part TCAP : Transaction Capabilities Application Part (Source: VoIP Froum, , LGIC)

47 MGCP Signaling VOIP/RTP Ethernet LAN End Device End Device VOIP A C C E S S VOIP IP LAN WAN MGCP VOIP-PSTN Gateway MGCP SoftSwitch PSTN Cable WAN Links xdsl QoS Wireless Fiber Fiber PON VOIP OSS TDM VOIP/RTP Streams SS7/PSTN Interface Class Features Bandwidth management Broad Scaleability Billing Provisioning

48 Components Enhanced Services Application Server Media Gateway Controller Softswitch Basic Call Control Authentication and Security Billing Bandwidth Management Media Gateway IP Phone Packet Interface Signaling Interworking Media Transcoding

49 Network Responsibilities Services Application Server Call Control PSTN PSTN Softswitch Transport Application Server Softswitch Router IP Phones LAN LAN PBX IAD LAN Router LAN IAD Access Gateway IP Clients

50 Network Configuration Options DISTRIBUTED Peer-to-Peer Relationship Application Server Controls Line Side Devices Softswitch Controls Trunk and Network Side Devices Application Server Softswitch CENTRAL Adjunct Relationship Application Server Provides Enhanced Services as an Adjunct to Softswitch Softswitch Controls All Gateways Application Server Access Gateways Network Gateways Softswitch Access Gateways Network Gateways

51 Network Configuration Application Server Service Provider Network SIP Softswitch Signaling Gateway Media Gateway SS7 PSTN Packet Network Distribured Central Access Gateway Router

52 VoDSL (Voice over DSL) Both of voice and data are multiplexed onto ATM over xdsl. Plural voice channels are multiplexed onto an AAL2 VC. Data channels are transmitted by AAL5 VCs. Power Spectrum POTS Information is Sent in Single Frequency Band Voice AAL2 Data AAL5 Upstream Downstream Freq ATM xdsl 100 khz ADSL frequency usage 1 MHz Frequency Non-voiceband frequency

53 VoDSL (Voice over DSL) Transmitted by AAL2(I.366.2) V - IF Subscriber Switch VoDSL CLAD LAN Router IAD VC for Voice DSLAM ATM-SW ISP VC for IP VC for Voice and VC for IP are separated by ATM Switch

54 Elements of VoDSL Data Access ISPs IAD xdsl DSLAM Packet Voice Gateway Class 5 Switch IAD Digitizes & packetizes voice Offers data access functions (routing/bridging) Connects directly to DSL Voice Gateway Converts packetized voice to PCM stream Supports TDM connections to Class 5 switch Provides focus for management of voice service

55 3GPP/ETSI Wireless Packet Standard

56 Mobile Data Network -2G/3G GPRS -VoIP and GPRS -GPRS and Mobile IP -Multimedia ALL IP Network

57 Standardization ETSI and 3GPP(3rd Generation Partnership Project) GSM standard for the GPRS in the ETSI 3G standard for the GPRS and UMTS in the 3GPP TSG-CN(Core Network) 3G TS GTP protocol, Doc. 3G TS external network inter-networking, Doc. 3G TS mobile station supporting GPRS, Doc. TSG-RAN(Radio Access Network) TSG-SA(Services and System Aspects) 3G TS for GPRS stage 1, Doc. 3G TS for GPRS stage 2, Doc. TSG-T(Terminal)

58 Packet Data Service Concepts PS(Packet Service) Domain Core Network for various RAN of GSM(GPRS), UMTS, EGPRS SMS services over the GPRS 9 150Kbps packet data services in the GPRS Flexible rate more than 150Kbps in the UMTS Packet data services Intra Mobile to Mobile Packet Communication( SGSN ) PSPDN Access (GGSN) Internet/Intranet Access(GGSN)

59 GSM Architecture GMSC PST N BTS A-bis BSC A MSC MAP GPRS Register H/VLR HLR/AUC GPRS Register

60 GPRS GPRS(General Packet Radio Service) 3GPP packet data services standards a packet-mode technique to transfer data and signalling Applications based on standard data protocols and SMS Interworking defined with IP networks and X.25 By adding GPRS functionality to the PLMN Optimizes the use of network and radio resources Value added services - internet Reasonable charging: amount of translated data, QoS, connection time

61 BTS A-bis BSC PCU MSC : Mobile Switching Center GMSC : Gateway MSC PCU : Packet Control Unit SGSN: serving GPRS support Node GGSN: gateway GPRS support Node Circuit Switched Traffic Gb Packet Traffic A GMSC MSC Peer Elements SGSN Gn GGSN MAP MAP Gi GPRS Register H/VLR PSTN HLR/AUC GPRS Register Public Switched Packet Network

62 Mobililty Management Session Management -QoS - Security - Attach/Detach BSS PCU SGSN/GGSN MAP Signalling (GGSN) HLR MAP Signalling (SGSN) External Data Domain Client BSS PCU BSS PCU SGSN Intranet Routeing info GGSN Internet SGSN BSS PCU Client BSS PCU - Routing - Signalling - Resource Mgt. Servers

63 GSM/GPRS Network Configuration BTS BTS BSC MSC/ VLR MAP HLR PSTN BTS BSC SGSN GGSN BTS BSC Internet Radio Link TCP/IP connection GTP Tunnel.GPRS is a IP packet network for P-to-P packet data transportation

64 HLR MSC/ VLR BTS BSC SS7 UTRAN SGSN MRF SGW GPRS Backbone IP network GGSN Internet MGCF MGW PSTN IP network

65 VoIP over GPRS codec RTP UDP IP End-to-end IP BSS SGSN IP GGSN codec RTP UDP IP GW network codec RTP UDP IP Protocol stack in the MS Public IP codec RTP UDP IP

66 VoIPoGPRS VoIPoGPRS GSM voice services. No bandwidth gain on the radio interface Lower speech quality (lower Codec quality, delay loss ), Call Agent. VoIPoGPRS. click-and-talk, browse and phone Particular long-distance tariff distortions Integrated end-to-end multi-media. QoS renegotiation or multiple QoS per PDP-Context Mobile constrained Coding-Scheme New SNDCP features such as RTP/UDP/IP compression

67 VoIPoGPRS : CODEC RTP UDP IP SNDCP Relay SNDCP GTP IP GTP LLC RLC MAC GSM RF Relay RLC BSSGP MAC GSM RF Network Service L1bis LLC BSSGP Network Service L1bis UDP / TCP IP L2 L1 UDP / TCP Um Gb Gn Gi MS BSS SGSN GGSN IP L2 L1

68 IMT-2000 Modular IMT-2000 Harmonization (Terrestrial Component) IMT-DS (Direct Spread) IMT-MC (Multi-Carrier) IMT-TC (Time-Code) IMT-SC (Single Carrier) IMT-FT (Frequency-Time) Flexible connection between Radio modules & Core Networks based on operator needs Core Networks Evolved GSM (MAP) Evolved ANSI-41 IP-based Networks Inter-Network Roaming Network-to-Network Interfaces

69 ALL IP IMT-2000All IP Network IMT-2000 IP,., All IP network IP protocols IP IP IP radio access network Cable HIPERLAN

70 3GPP All IP Release 99 Architecture - Hybrid Iu-cs Circuit domain PSTN/ISDN UTRAN Iu-ps packet domain Internet hybrid circuit/packet architecture 2 separate domains - circuit and packet Pure All IP Architecture packet mode terminal UTRAN / GERAN GW Iu-ps packet domain long term vision call control H.323 or SIP no support for circuit mode terminals GW PSTN/ISDN Internet

71 3GPP All IP Network Architecture R Alternative Access Network Uu CAP TE MT ERAN R Um Iu-ps' Iu TE MT UTRAN Applications & Services SCP Gr Gp HSS SGSN Mh Gn Gc Cx Gf Gi EIR Legacy mobile signaling Network R-SGW Ms CSCF Mr MRF Gi GGSN CSCF Mw Mm Mg Gi MGCF Mc Gi MGW T-SGW Multimedia IP Networks PSTN/ Legacy/External Gn SGSN GGSN Other PLMN GPRS Based Signalling Interface Signalling and Data Transfer Interface

72 New Functional Elements Call State Control Function (CSCF) Home Subscriber Server (HSS) Transport Signalling Gateway Function (T-SGW) Roaming Signalling Gateway Function (R-SGW) Media Gateway Control Function (MGCF) Media Gateway Function (MGW) Multimedia Resource Function (MRF) MSC Server(for Option 2) Gateway MSC Server(for Option 2)

73 HLR MSC/ VLR BTS BSC SS7 UTRAN SGSN MRF SGW GPRS Backbone IP network GGSN Internet MGCF MGW PSTN IP network

74 Reference Architecture for option 2 GGSN Other PLMN R R Alternative Access Network Uu SGSN Gn Gp TE MT ERAN Um TE MT UTRAN Iu 1 = Iucs (RTP, AAL2) Iu 2 = Iu (RANAP) Iu-ps' Iu Applications & Services *) Iu 2 SCP CAP Iu 1 HSS *) EIR Gr Gf SGSN MGW Mc MSC server Mh Gc Cx Gn Gi Legacy mobile signaling Network Nb R-SGW Ms CSCF Nc GGSN Mr MRF Gi Mw Gi Mg CSCF Mm MGCF MGW GMSC server Mc Gi Mc Multimedia IP Networks T-SGW *) PSTN/ Legacy/External T-SGW *) Signalling Interface Applications & Services *) Signalling and Data Transfer Interface MAP HSS *) Mh MAP R-SGW *) *) those elements are duplicated for figure layout purpose only, they belong to the same logical element in the reference model

75 3GPP All IP Network Characteristic All IP core network IP based RAN requirement is not addressed IP RAN, More important in the scope of cost for the IMT-2000 Unified Management for MT and User ID on the HSS Location management for the Mobile Terminal equipment Access Point management of the User(NAI) for multimedia Service Connection Focusing on the Multimedia Services End-to-end VoIP Spectrum efficiency problem for basic voice services By IP header and Radio Data Link overhead Considering in Option 2, Node to Node VoIP for basic voice services, (overlaid Dual Network ) MSC server, GMSC server MGW (Media Gateway Function)

76 The R00 Multimedia option RNC R00 Packet Core for IP telephony H.323/SIP AAAMobility (HSS/UMS, AAA) QoS core IP (e.g. over ATM) SCP LNP IN Existing IN GK/CSCF MGCP SS7 voice NNI PSTN / ISDN UTRAN ATM Iu-ps 3G SGSN H.323/SIP GGSN RTP MGW Global IP Network DHCP, DNS,

77 The R00 CS option UTRAN RNC SCP LNP IN Existing IN Iu-cs Iu-ps ATM ATM Sign. AAL2 voice. HLR Mobility 3G VMSC server MGCP MGW NNI R00 Packet Core for CS-Voice ISUP /BICC Voice trunking (over IP / ATM) AAL2 voice QoS core (IP / ATM) 3G GMSC server MGCP MGW DHCP, DNS,... SS7 voice PSTN / ISDN 3G SGSN GGSN Global IP Network : MGW for IP core : alternative MGW for pure ATM core

78 Standardized Architecture and Interfaces Control 3GPP RANAP SGSN Server MSC Server IETF MEGACO MAP HL R BICC/ISUP MAP ITU-T SG16 H.248, GTP-C GMSC/ Transit Server H.248 ITU-T SG11 BICC/ISUP BTS UTRAN RNC MGW Connectivity Backbone NW ATM, IP... MSF... GTP-U,... Architecture MGW/ GGSN IETF SIGTRAN SS7 over IP PSTN/ISDN PLMN Internet/ Intranet

79 R00 All-IP Reference Architecture SCP OSA, VHE, etc. Service Layer Legacy Mobile Signaling Networks RSGW HSS CSCF CSCF MGCF Application Layer External IP Networks MRF TSGW Transport Layer SGSN GGSN MGW RAS PSTN/ External CS Networks WLAN, DSL, Cable, etc

80 3GPP2/TR45 Wireless Internet Packet 1. 2G Cellular/PCS Data Network 2. 3G Wireless IP Network 3. 3G IMT-2000 All IP Network

81 Standardization TIA TR45 TR45. 1/2/3/4/5/6 TR45.5 develop IS-99/IS-707/IS kbps (IS-95A), 64kbps (IS-95B) IWF based Circuit and Packet Data services Service Option based service connection No Explicit Packet Data Network

82 IS-95A/B System Network Configuration for Internet Service CAI ANSI-41 HLR BTS Abis Abis BSC IOS MSC/ VLR R2/ISUP PSTN / PCS BTS L BTS Abis BSC IWF Pi Abis BTS Radio Link Data Link - PPP TCP/IP connection BSC Internet. 2G is only Wireless Internet Access Network. No Internet Core Functional requirement

83 IS-95A/B System Network Configuration for Circuit Data & Fax Host Server PCS Network Modem PC BSC MSC PSTN PAD Facsimile BSC IWF Circuit Data Packet Data Internet/PSPDN Host Server Low Speed Data Service Network Host Server

84 cdmaone Packet Data Service Protocol Example BSC MSC IWF Internet PC MS RS-232 Packet DATA Call Signaling DATA Call Signaling DATA Call Signaling RLP Protocol HDLC FR PPP protocol, TCP/IP PPP protocol, TCP /UDP IP TCP /UDP IP PPP PPP RS-232 RS-232 RLP IS-95 RLP IS-95 Relay Layer Relay Layer Relay Layer Relay Layer TE2 MT2 BSC MSC IWF

85 3GPP2/TR45 Wireless Internet Packet 1. 2G Cellular/PCS Data Network 2. 3G Wireless IP Network 3. 3G IMT-2000 All IP Network

86 Standardization 3GPP2 TSG-P / TIA TR45.6 3GPP2 TSG-P P.R0001 Wireless IP Network Architecture based on IETF Protocol P.S0001 Wireless IP Network Standard TSG-A 3G-IOS, A8/A9, A10/A11 R-P link interface Protocol TSG-C TSG-N TSG-S

87 Wireless IP Network Architecture VLR SS7 Network VLR Home Access Provider Network R-P Interface RADIUS IP Network RADIUS Home IP Network RADIUS AAA Broker Network Mobile Station RN PDSN Visited Access Provider Network HA Home ISP Private Network Visited Provider Home Provider. User Mobility and IP mobility Support

88 3GPP2/TSGP Mobile IP Protocol Stack MS RN PDSN HA Host MIP UDP IP PPP LAC MAC Airlink Mobile IP Control Plane Mobile IP User Data Plane LAC MAC Airlink R-P PHYS MIP IP PPP R-P PHYS UDP IKE IP/IPsec Link Layer PHYS IKE IP/IPsec Link Layer PHYS UDP MIP IP Link Layer PHYS IP IP IP IP PPP LAC MAC Airlink LAC MAC Airlink R-P PHYS PPP R-P PHYS IP/IPsec Link Layer PHYS IP/IPsec Link Layer PHYS Link Layer PHYS Link Layer PHYS

89 R-P Interface RN PDSN MIP IKE UDP IP IP/IPsec PPP LAC MAC MIP GRE UDP IP MIP GRE UDP IP Link Layer Airlink PHYS PHYS PHYS R-P Interface (A quater) A10=> Data Traffic (using GRE) A11=> R-P Signaling (Using MIP/UDP)

90 Network Function User Mobility Support NAI roaming NAI based Access Control MT independent NAI subscription and Issuing IP Mobility Support Mobile IP PDSN handoff within the Visited Service Provider Network IP roaming to Foreign network from Intranet to Visited Service Provider Network

91 AAA Function NAI based AAA operation MIP registration management Home Network search MIP Authentication/Authorization HAAA server in Home IP network BAAA server in Broker IP network VAAA server in Visited service Provider Network

92 PDSN Function Termination of PPP link Foreign Agent Support IP Tunnel, COA, etc Act as Mobile Internet Access Point Anchoring Access Point for SIP user Always on Visited/Home Service Provider Network

93 HA Function IP assign Mobility Binding table management Secure Tunneling, etc. Carrier s HA Private Company s HA ISP s HA

94 Address Assignment Simple IP No inter-pdsn mobility support Dynamic address assigned by PDSN Static Mobile IP Inter-PDSN mobility support Static address is already known by mobile Dynamic Mobile IP Inter-PDSN mobility support Dynamic address is assigned by HA

95 Wireless IP Network Configuration IMT-2000 ANSI-41 HLR BTS BTS BTS Abis Abis Abis BSC1/ PCF A3/A7 BSC2/ PCF 3G-IOS A1/A2 R-P I/F MSC/ VLR R-P I/F PDSN1 P R2/ISUP AAA HA PSTN / PCS BTS Radio Link Abis BSC3/ PCF R-P I/F PDSN2 Carrier s Intranet Internet Data Link - PPP TCP/IP connection

96 3GPP2/TR45 Wireless Internet Packet 1. 2G Cellular/PCS Data Network 2. 3G Wireless IP Network 3. 3G IMT-2000 All IP Network

97 Standardization Begin late last Year 3GPP2 TSG-S All IP Ad Hoc Group Now 3GPP2 SC All IP Ad Hoc Group Working for Stage 1 Requirement and Network Architecture Model 5~6 Architecture was proposed, All IP requirement is not fixed yet

98 All IP Network Characteristics Open Interface For all interface IP RAN IP transport and internetworking for the BTS, BSC, etc. Decomposition Legacy BSC/RNC/MSC Independence of access technology Assuming core network support various Access Network Backward Compatible Services for the legacy 2G/3G MS Roaming/Handoff/Tele Services Authentication, Authorization Use of Internet Protocol IETF s Protocol VoIP for Voice Services

99 Lucent proposal Applications & Services Legacy mobile signaling Network HSS HLR SCP AAA UMS Cx Mh R-SGW Ms CSCF Mw CSCF Mm Gi Multimedia IP Networks RAN BSC C A1 WMS Pi Pi Gi** Gi Mr MRF Gi Mg MGCF TE R MT Um BTS BS SDU A8 & A9 PCF A10 & A11 PDSN M-IP M-IP HA Gi** Gi Mc MGW T-SGW PSTN/ Legacy/External TAG Signalling Interface Signalling and Data Transfer Interface Gi**: Only required for VoIP support over Simple IP - Support Multimedia over the Internet - Support End-to-End VoIP over the Internet - Spectrum efficiency is less than LGIC proposal for Basic voice Service

100 Ericsson proposal Scope of All IP reference model Applications & Services Legacy mobile signaling Network SCP Mh R-SGW Ms Mw CSCF Multimedia IP Networks BTS TE MT BTS BSC R Um BTS Ea R-P+ HLR/HSS Eb ACS Ec PDSN Ed AAA Cx En Ei CSCF Mr MRF Ei MIP HA Ei Mg Mm MGCF MGW Ei Mc T-SGW PSTN/ Legacy/External Signalling Interface Signalling and Data Transfer Interface Legacy CS wireless core network - Support Multimedia and End-to-End VoIP over the Internet - Legacy MSC network used for basic voice service - Dual Packet and Circuit Service Network/ look alike 3GPP All IP

101 LGIC proposal 1 MSC BS/PCF Aquater BTS BSC/ PCF IGSG/ IGTG MCA (MM/CCA/ PRC) HLR 3G-legacy network HLR ICG SG 3G All IP Network BTS IP network VS TG PSTN/PLMN BTS BSC/ PCF PDSN HA Internet/ Intranet AAA - Handoff and Roaming Support for Legacy 2G/3G MS - Node-to-Node VoIP for Voice Communication - All IP networking for RAN and Core Network

102 LGIC proposal 2 BSC/ PCF MCA (MM/CCA/PRC) HLR ICG PSTN BTS SG BTS BTS Mobile H.323 terminal or SIP client IP network BSC/ PCF 3G-All IP PDSN VS TG HA Internet Gate Keeper AAA Gateway SIP server End IP Host 1 H.323 terminal or SIP client End IP Host 2 H.323 terminal or SIP client - Support Multimedia over the Internet - Support End-to-End VoIP over the Internet

103 All-IP System Level Architecture 3G G RAN WLAN, DSL, cable... Iu-PS Gr+ MAP+ SGSN GGSN RAS SIP HSS CSCF MGCF SCP CAP WIN IPv6 All-IP Core H.248 MRF Application servers OSA TSGW MGW RSGW MAP IS-41 Internet Service capability servers ISUP PSTN Legacy Cellular CSCF Call State Control Function MRF Multimedia Resource Function HSS end ) Home Subscriber Server RAS Remote Access Server (DSLAM, head MGCF Media Gateway Control Function RSGW Roaming Signaling Gateway MGW Media Gateway TSGW Transport Signaling Gate FW

104 IP-network Customer using Mobile Telephone Customer GPRS UMTS Mobile IP DNS Directories IP/IN signaling PSTN Mobility management Wireless SLA VPN Corporate customer IP router network (WDM/SDH/ATM) DiffServ, MPLS, Multicast Home Customer Wireless PC LAN RSVP Mobile IP IPSec AAA Billing, Network management DSL Digi-TV

105 Voice over Network InternetQoS. Carrier Class Next Generation Network IETF, ITU, ETSI TiPHON IMT-2000 All IP VoIP, VoIP, VoDSL, Voice over Cablemodem