PHP & MySQL Database. Database Systems CSCI Dr. Tom Hicks Computer Science Department

Transcription

1 PHP & MySQL Database Database Systems CSCI-3343 Dr. Tom Hicks Computer Science Department 1

2 WWW Organization It Is A Good Idea To Create A Folder For Each Web Page Place Most Items, On Page, In That Folder! 2

3 WWW SetUp 3

4 Create Folders Quadratic, FirstPrime, & RandomNo 4

5 Drag.php Pages Into Their Proper Folders If You Do So Inside Expression Web, The Links Will Adjust Within Site! (You Will Not Have To Change Main-Menu.php) 5

6 Add The Link Below To The Bottom Of Quadratic.php RandomNo.php FirstPrime.php <p><a href="../main-menu.php"> Return To Main Menu </A> Add The Link Below To The Bottom Of Each Of Your Other Pages As Well! 6

7 Database Export With A Script! 7

8 MySQL Native Import - Export 8

9 Command Line Export Database Use mysqldump! cd C:\Program Files\MySQL\MySQL Server 8.0\bin mysqldump -ptrinity -uroot stanford > c:\temp\stanford2.sql 9

10 Database Export With MySQL Workbench - Done 10

11 Database Import With A Script! 11

12 Command Line Import Database Use mysql! Create database Stanford2 must be created before the import! cd C:\Program Files\MySQL\MySQL Server 8.0\bin mysql -ptrinity -uroot stanford2 < c:\temp\stanford2.sql 12

13 Database Import With MySQL Workbench - Done 13

14 phpinfo() 14

15 Create Page Student-Display.php Student-Display.php Confirm that the PHP is working! <?php phpinfo();?> 15

16 Connect To MySQL Database 16

17 Create Folder Student-Display 17

18 Create Page Use Expression Web To Create Page Student-Display.php 18

19 Modify Menu Page Link Student-Display.php 19

20 Modify Page Student-Display.php Add The Code: <?PHP /*============================================================= === Connect To MySQL Database === =============================================================*/ $server ="localhost"; $username="root"; $password="trinity"; $database="libraryth1"; $con=mysqli_connect($server, $username, $password, $database);?> We Changed The Original PHP.ini To Make This Work! 20

21 Create Page Student-Display.php This is the same as the previous page! <?php /*============================================================= === Connect To MySQL Database === =============================================================*/ $conn = new mysqli(); $conn->connect("localhost","root","trinity","libraryth");?> We Changed The Original PHP.ini To Make This Work! 21

22 Modify php.ini -3- Edit C:\Program Files\PHP\php.ini In order to keep PHP lean and mean, many of the optional extensions are turned off. We must turn on the MySQL extensions. We Changed The Original PHP.ini To Make This Work! 22

23 Modify php.ini -4A- We must often tell the system where we are storing these optional (MySQL) extensions. We Changed The Original PHP.ini To Make This Work! 23

24 Modify php.ini -4B- Edit C:\Program Files\PHP\php.ini We must often tell the system where we are storing these optional (MySQL) extensions. We Changed The Original PHP.ini To Make This Work! 24

25 Database Query 25

26 Modify Page Student-Display.php -1- Change the connection portion to the following: <?PHP /*============================================================= === Connect To MySQL Database === =============================================================*/ $server ="localhost"; $username="stanforduser"; $password="trinity"; //Use Your Password $database="stanford"; $con=mysqli_connect($server, $username, $password, $database);?> 26

27 Stanford User Privileges On Stanford DB Stanford Cannot Change DB. <?PHP /*============================================================= === Connect To MySQL Database === =============================================================*/ $server ="localhost"; $username="stanforduser"; $password="trinity"; //Use Your Password $database="stanford"; $con=mysqli_connect($server, $username, $password, $database);?> 27

28 Try Bad Server localhost1 <?PHP /*============================================================= === Connect To MySQL Database === =============================================================*/ $server ="localhost1"; $username="stanforduser"; $password="trinity"; //Use Your Password $database="stanford"; $con=mysqli_connect($server, $username, $password, $database);?> 28

29 Try Bad UserName StanfordUser1 <?PHP /*============================================================= === Connect To MySQL Database === =============================================================*/ $server ="localhost"; $username="stanforduser1"; $password="trinity"; //Use Your Password $database="stanford"; $con=mysqli_connect($server, $username, $password, $database);?> 29

30 Try Bad Password trinity1 <?PHP /*============================================================= === Connect To MySQL Database === =============================================================*/ $server ="localhost"; $username="stanforduser1"; $password="trinity1"; //Use Your Password $database="stanford"; $con=mysqli_connect($server, $username, $password, $database);?> 30

31 Try Bad Database stanford1 <?PHP /*============================================================= === Connect To MySQL Database === =============================================================*/ $server ="localhost"; $username="stanforduser1"; $password="trinity"; //Use Your Password $database="stanford1"; $con=mysqli_connect($server, $username, $password, $database);?> 31

32 Blank Is Good!-1- Connection Established! <?PHP /*============================================================= === Connect To MySQL Database === =============================================================*/ $server ="localhost"; $username="stanforduser"; $password="trinity"; //Use Your Password $database="stanford"; $con=mysqli_connect($server, $username, $password, $database);?> 32

33 Modify Page Student-Display.php -2- Add the Query : Use Your Name!... /*============================================================= === Query === =============================================================*/ $query = "SELECT * FROM Users"; $recset = $conn->query($query); echo "<CENTER><H1> Display Students </H1></CENTER>"; echo "<CENTER><H2> Written By Dr. Tom Hicks </H2></CENTER><HR>";?> 33

34 Modify Page Student-Display.php -3- Cycle Through The Record Set Loop: print the data... echo "<CENTER><H1> Display Students</H1></CENTER>"; echo "<CENTER><H2> Written By Dr. Tom Hicks </H2></CENTER><HR>"; echo "<pre><p>"; /*============================================================= === Loop Through Records In Record Set === =============================================================*/ while(list($sid, $sname, $GPA) = $recset->fetch_row()) printf("<strong>%3d %-15s %4.2f </strong> <BR>", $sid, $sname, $GPA); echo "</h2></pre>";?> <p><a href="../main-menu.php"> Return To Main Menu </A> 34

35 Modify Page Student-Display.php -3- There are several ways to connect. There are a number of ways to walk through the records. 35

36 Inefficient! Why Read All Of Data If Only Going To Display Part? 36

37 More Efficient! Reduce The Transfer Of Data 37

38 Modify Page Student-Display.php -4- There are other ways to Generate the same output. /*============================================================= === Loop Through Records In Record Set === =============================================================*/ while($rec = $recset->fetch_row()) printf("<b>%3d %-15s %4.2f </B> <BR>", $Rec[0], $Rec[1], $Rec[2]); echo "</h2></pre>"; 38

39 About PHP & MySQL Special Thanks To PHP.net For Some Of The Following Documentation 39

40 API Application Programming Interface An Application Programming Interface, or API, defines the classes, methods, functions and variables that your application will need to call in order to carry out its desired task. In the case of PHP applications that need to communicate with databases the necessary APIs are usually exposed via PHP extensions. APIs can be Procedural or Object-Oriented. With a procedural API you call functions to carry out tasks With the object-oriented API you instantiate classes and then call methods on the resulting objects. The Object-Priented API is usually the Preferred Interface, as it is more modern and leads to better organized code. When writing PHP applications that need to connect to the MySQL server there are several API options available. 40

41 MySQL Connector In the MySQL documentation, the term Connector refers to a piece of software that allows your application to connect to the MySQL database server. MySQL provides connectors for a variety of languages, including PHP. 41

42 PHP Extension In the PHP documentation you will come across another term - Extension. The PHP code consists of a core, with optional extensions to the core functionality. PHP's MySQL-related extensions, such as the mysqli extension, and the mysql extension, are implemented using the PHP extension framework. An extension typically exposes an API to the PHP programmer, to allow its facilities to be used programmatically. However, some extensions which use the PHP extension framework do not expose an API to the PHP programmer. The PDO MySQL driver extension, for example, does not expose an API to the PHP programmer, but provides an interface to the PDO layer above it. The terms API and extension should not be taken to mean the same thing, as an extension may not necessarily expose an API to the programmer. 42

43 Main PHP API Offerings For MySQL There are three main API options when considering connecting to a MySQL database server: PHP's MySQL Extension PHP's mysqli Extension PHP Data Objects (PDO) 43

44 PHP's MySQL Extension This is the Original Extension designed to allow you to develop PHP applications that interact with a MySQL database. The mysql extension provides a procedural interface and is intended for use only with MySQL versions older than This extension can be used with versions of MySQL or newer, but not all of the latest MySQL server features will be available. This Is Old Technology!: The majority of references on the Internet demonstrate how to use the MySQL Extension. If you are using MySQL versions or later it is strongly recommended that you use the mysqli extension instead. YES The MySQL Extension is being phased out! The mysql extension source code is located in the PHP extension directory ext/mysql. 44

45 PHP's mysqli Extension 1 The mysqli extension, or as it is sometimes known, the MySQL improved extension, was developed to take advantage of new features found in MySQL systems versions and newer. The mysqli extension is included with PHP versions 5 and later. The mysqli extension has a number of benefits, the key enhancements over the mysql extension being: Object-oriented interface Support for Prepared Statements Support for Multiple Statements Support for Transactions Enhanced debugging capabilities Embedded server support 45

46 PHP's mysqli Extension 2 If you are using MySQL versions or later it is strongly recommended that you use this extension. As well as the Object-Oriented Interface the extension also provides a Procedural Interface. The mysqli extension is built using the PHP extension framework, its source code is located in the directory ext/mysqli. 46

47 PHP Data Objects (PDO) PHP Data Objects, or PDO, is a database abstraction layer specifically for PHP applications. PDO provides a consistent API for your PHP application regardless of the type of database server your application will connect to. In theory, if you are using the PDO API, you could switch the database server you used, from say Firebird to MySQL, and only need to make minor changes to your PHP code. While PDO has its advantages, such as a clean, simple, portable API, its main disadvantage is that it doesn't allow you to use all of the advanced features that are available in the latest versions of MySQL server. For example, PDO does not allow you to use MySQL's support for Multiple Statements. PDO is implemented using the PHP extension framework, its source code is located in the directory ext/pdo. 47

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51 Database Applications Have Many Connections 51

52 Create Folder C:\InetPub\wwwroot\Secure-Connect 52

53 Create Page Connection.php -1- It is often the case that there might be hundreds of web pages that access a single database. Passwords change. The database host can change. We would like an easy way to be able to change the password only one time. Create page Connection.asp include it hundreds of times! When the time comes to make a change, do it once. Save In Folder Secure- Connect! <?PHP /*============================================================= === Connect To MySQL Database === =============================================================*/ $server ="localhost"; $username="stanforduser"; $password="trinity"; //Use Your Password $database="stanford"; $con=mysqli_connect($server, $username, $password, $database);?> 53

54 Save a Copy of Student-Display.php in Folder C:\InetPub\wwwroot\StudentoDisplay Call It TestSecureConnection.php 54

55 <?PHP Modify Page TestSecureConnection.php /*============================================================= === Connect To MySQL Database === =============================================================*/ include_once "../../Secure-Connect/Connection.php"; /*============================================================= === Query 2 === =============================================================*/ $query2 = "SELECT sid, sname, GPA FROM Student"; $recset2 = $con->query($query); echo "<CENTER><H1> Display Students</H1></CENTER>"; echo "<CENTER><H2> Written By Dr. Tom Hicks </H2></CENTER><HR>"; echo "<pre><p>"; /*============================================================= === Loop Through Records In Record Set === =============================================================*/ while($rec2 = $recset->fetch_row()) printf("<b>%3d %-15s %4.2f </B> <BR>", $Rec2[0], $Rec2[1], $Rec2[2]); echo "</h2></pre>";?> 55

56 Link TestSecureConnection.php 56

57 Connection Page Works! 57

58 Some PHP Pages Have Many Queries 58

59 Save a Copy of TestSecureConnection.php in Folder C:\InetPub\wwwroot\StudentoDisplay Call It TestMultipleQueries.php 59

60 Make The Link To Main-Menu.php Goal 60

61 Change /*============================================================= === Query === =============================================================*/ $query = "SELECT sid, sname, GPA FROM Student"; $recset = $con->query($query); To /*============================================================= === Query 2 === =============================================================*/ $query2 = "SELECT sid, sname, GPA FROM Student"; $recset2 = $con->query($query2); 61

62 Change /*============================================================= === Loop Through Records In Record Set === =============================================================*/ while($rec = $recset-> fetch_row()) printf("<b>%3d %-15s %4.2f </B> <BR>", $Rec[0], $Rec[1], $Rec[2]); To /*============================================================= === Loop Through Records In Record Set === =============================================================*/ while($rec1 = $recset2-> fetch_row()) printf("<b>%3d %-15s %4.2f </B> <BR>", $Rec1[0], $Rec1[1], $Rec1[2]); 62

63 Add A Print Statement echo "<pre><p>"; /*============================================================ === Loop Through Records In Record Set === =============================================================*/ $query1 = "SELECT COUNT(*) AS NoStudents FROM Student"; $recset1 = $con->query($query1); $Rec = $recset1->fetch_row(); echo "<pre><p>"; print "No Students = ". $Rec[0]. "<p><hr>"; /*============================================================ === Loop Through Records In Record Set === =============================================================*/ $query1 = "SELECT COUNT(*) AS NoStudents FROM Student"; $recset1 = $con->query($query1); $Rec = $recset1->fetch_row(); 63

64 One Connection - Multiple Queries! 64

65 WWW GUI Can Help You Provide Nicely Formatted Output 65

66 Flyspeed Query 66

67 Results Of Query We Would Like To Do On A Nicely Formatted Web Page! 67

68 Goal! 68

69 Inside Folder C:\inetpub\wwwroot\PHP Create Folder Stanford-Student-Apply 69

70 Inside Folder Stanford-Student-Apply Use Expression Web To Create Stanford- Student-Apply.php 70

71 Link The New Page 71

72 Configure Your Page Properties 72

73 Configure Your Page Properties 73

74 Configure Your Page Properties 74

75 Create The Following With Arial Font Use Your Name 75

76 Move Your Cursor Below The Horizontal Rule: Insert A New Table On Your Page 76

77 Configure Your Table As Shown Below 77

78 You Should Now Have The Start Of Your Table 78

79 Add The The Following Titles To The First Row Use Arial Font 79

80 Select All Of The Cells In Row 1 Right-Mouse Click On One Select Cell Properties 80

81 Configure The Cells: Dark Blue 81

82 Change The Font Color In The First Row To White 82

83 Insert XX Into Each Cell In Row 2 83

84 Select All The Cells In Row 2 & Configure As Shown Below Dark Blue 84

85 Add The Connection Before The Table 85

86 Add Your Query 86

87 Add The Connection Before The Table 87

88 We Need To Cycle Through Our Records Each Cycke Will Create One Of These Rows 88

89 Add Your Loop 89

90 Making Progress 90

91 Finish It Up! 91

92 Making Progress Numerical Values Should Be Right Justified 92

93 Right-Justify All Three Numeric Fields Numerical Values Should Be Right Justified 93

94 Center 1 Character Fields 94

95 Nice Format Easier With GUI 95

96 Don't Forget To Include A Return On All Pages 96

97 Database Systems CSCI 3343 Dr. Thomas E. Hicks Computer Science Department Trinity University 97