IMPROVEMENT DATA LOGGER SYSTEM FOR RENEWABLE ENERGY

Transcription

1 IMPROVEMENT DATA LOGGER SYSTEM FOR RENEWABLE ENERGY J. Srinonchat ABSTRACT A data logger is a device for measuring and storing data. It is an all-purpose piece ofmeasurement equipment that finds use in an extremely wide range of applications. Thisresearch designs the data logger for the renewable energy, which it needs toconsider the battery backup or power supply for the data logger broad. The measurement data accuracy is most important as well. This research applies the microcontroller, flash disk and GPRS broad to design. The data is designed to store in every 5 seconds. The result shows that the error of the measurement is only % which is compared to the standard multimeter HP 34401A. Keywords : data acquisition, data logger, renewable energy, GPRS. Signal Processing Research Laboratory Faculty of Engineering, Rajamangala University of Technology Thanyaburi Thanyaburi, Phatum Thani, Thailand Corresponding author: jakkree.s@en.rmutt.ac.th

2 INTRODUCTION The need for a small, ubiquitous data logger and data acquisition are drawing increasing attention from both academia and industry especially remote monitoring renewable energy. Modern data logger and data acquisition are being designed based on standalone and low power or energy consumption (Calvin, et al., 2008 and Newberry, et al., 2008). In each situation the energy consumption is essential to the functionality of the system because the battery duration depends on it. Power estimation techniques are needed in order to specify the power behavior of these systems. Parameters that characterize this consumption can be hardware or software related. Hardware related parameters can be the consumption of the processor itself as well as the consumption of the peripheral units like memories, communication modules etc. On the other hand, energy optimization may occur by the use of software reprogramming. Therefore, power evaluation is essential and proves to be useful in all the possible steps in the development procedure of digital systems (Konstantakos and Laopoulos, 2007). On the other hand, the estimation of the good operating condition of an instrumentation system, like a data logging system, can be a task also quite important. Ideal data monitoring scheme should insure collection of large quantities of data, collected fast sampling rate for a long period of time. On the other hand, main features of this ideal data monitoring system should also be: easy connectivity to the existing software and hardware, which must be not intrusive, and must consume only available memory resources and processor power. Finally, must be easy to remove from the system, if cost effective drive has to hit the market. This research develops the data logger for monitoring the renewable energy system especially low-wind speed turbine. The local components such as sensors and electronics components are used in this research in order to lowcost equipment design. Microcontroller generally controlled the time to log data which is set to be each 5 second. Data is then transfer into two parts: flash disk memory and GPRS transmitter. At the receiver, the GPRS receiver decodes the data and then create database in the computer. System development The smart data logger is the convergence of the sensing features of a sensor with the intelligence and decision making abilities of a micro system. They have been successfully deployed in many industrial applications. The data logger has to be a portable, handheld, battery-operated data collection device for collecting real-world data which can be used: as an interface connected to a computer or as a standalone instrument. In its stand alone mode data logger can: Display meter readings of the sensor attached. Record the data from sensors in its memory for transferring later to a computer for analysis. Data logger has a port to connect and communicate with graphing embedded computer system (Engelberg, et al., 2007; Badami, et al., 2008; Zhu and Dongjin, 2008) The main function of proposed data logger is: 1. Continuous data monitoring 2. Comparison with the set point 3. To generate manipulating signal to the final control element

3 4. A peer to peer and multipoint network can be established by configuring each module to operate as end device. 5. To transmit the data to remote display (PC or PDA). The overall architecture of the proposedwind monitoring system is as shown in Fig The system has two major components, remote transmitter module attached to the cup type anemometers and the receiving module interfaced to the personal computer. Dedicated interactive software is developed to manage the wind database. The Graphical User Interface (GUI) facilitates, the user to view the wind data and the results, uses the visual basic program to design. HARD development Figure 2 shows our system. The variousparts include: The PIC microcontroller evaluation board is serial peripheral interface (SPI) enabled. SPI is a simple protocol often used by microcontrollers when they need to communicate with peripherals. Also it is provided a USB protocol which the USB protocol is quite complicated. The microcontroller s developers helped the end user by providing a suite of subroutines that help deal with the USB protocol. The microcontroller has an onboard ADC. There was no need to add to the part count and complexity of the system by adding an external ADC. Our data logger stores data on a removable flash disk and it knows how to communicate with a computer using the universal serial bus (USB) standard. GPRS module which is supported to TRI - BAND EGSM900, DCS1800, PCS1900, provides the data downlink transfer max 85.6 KBPS and data uplink transfer max 42.8 KBPS. It also supports the protocols PAP TCP/IP.This research has been developed and tests with the low-wind speed turbine. The following broad steps can achieve monitoring of wind speed using cellular communication. Reading the revolutions of anemometers for every 5 seconds. Sending these revolutions to transmitter module. Sending stored data to flash disk. Showing the data on display screen Sending stored data to the receiver GPRS/GSM as

4 SMS for every 1 minute. The following steps explain the overall operation of the receiver module After every interval of 1 minute SMS is received Extract the data from the SMS sent by remote transmitter module. Separates individual bit of data for wind speed, wind direction and current into database. Provide graphical interface to the user. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION This research had been trial in both cases: in the laboratory and low-speed wind turbine

5 Fig 5 and 6 show the transfer data signal from the microcontroller to GPRS module. This signal also wrote to flash disk to record the data. It notices that the transfer rate is not really 100 khz, but it is only khz. Fig 7 shows that monitoring system with 3 channels. The error of this experiment in the

6 term of measurement is also considered. The error of the measurement is only % which is compared to the standard multimeter HP 34401A. The results of the experiment which tested with low-speed wind turbine also shows the similar and efficiency results. However, the delay time of GPRS system to transfer data occurs in the process. This obviously made the system error. The log time and transfer data delay time is an important factor which directly effect to the processor time of microcontroller. To avoid the process, this experiment is designed to record the data in every 5 sec. CONCLUSION According to this research designs the data logger for the renewable energy, thus it necessary to consider the battery backup or power supply for the data logger broad. In order to the concept of research renewable energy area also requires the low power consumption. The accuracy measurement is also required to be a major design. ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS This research is the part of Development Data Acquisition System for Renewable Energy project which is supported the grant from the office of national research council of Thailand (2009). Also I would like to thank to all the staff of the signal processing research and laboratory and wind hydro and solar energy research building, faculty of engineering, Rajamangala university of Technology Thanyaburi. REFERENCES Badami, R. L. Ashok, S. Suresh and Jangamshetti, H PC Based Wireless Wind Data Analyser. ICSET, pp Calvin, C. and YangQuan, Chen A General-Purpose Low-Cost Compact Spatial-Temporal Data Logger and Its Applications.Proceeding on IEEE AUTOTESTCON, pp Engelberg, S. Kaminsky, T. and Horesh, M A USB-Enabled FLASHDisk- Based Data Logger. IEEE Instrumentation & Measurement Magazine. pp Konstantakos, V. and Laopoulos, Th Data Acquisition and Advanced Computing Systems: Technology and Applications. IEEE International Workshop on Intelligent Self- Evaluation Configuration for Remote Data Logging Systems. pp Newberry, B. and Conrad J. M. Data Logging Solution for DigitalSignal Processors, Journalof SignalProcessing, pp Zhu, C. J. and Dongjin, S. B Design and Realization of Digital Informational System. The Eighth International Conference on Electronic Measurement and Instruments. pp