How to handle different PLC technologies?

Transcription

1 How to handle different PLC technologies? Győző Kmethy Convenor, CLC, Smart electricity metering 5th October 2011 Metering Europe, Amsterdam 1

2 Presentation program M/441 and CLC Early PLC technologies: IEC Higher layers Data models New PLC technologies Smart metering requirements 5th October 2011 Metering Europe, Amsterdam 2

3 Setting the scene Amsterdam, the City of Music Jan Pieterszoon Sweelinck the biggest star in XVIth century Amsterdam 5th October 2011 Metering Europe, Amsterdam 3

4 The M/441 mandate MID requirements Metrology Display Addition al functions Simple Ext. consumer display Home automation functions I Meter communication functions H1 HA communication functions G1 C M L WAN NN LN H2 H3 Local Network Access Point (LNAP) C C N Neigbourhood Network Access Point (NNAP) G1 G2 AMI Head End System Develop functional architecture, data models and protocols, allowing secure and interoperable data exchange 5th October 2011 Metering Europe, Amsterdam 4

5 M/441 Actors and stakeholders Utilities IEC TC13 WG14 Data exchange for electricity CLC metering Data models and protocols for smart e-metering Est. March experts 14 countries ETSI M2M CEN TC294 Data exchange for gas, water, heat metering Consumers 5th October 2011 Metering Europe, Amsterdam 5

6 Concert-Gebouw 5th October 2011 Metering Europe, Amsterdam 6

7 Presentation program M/441 and CLC Early PLC technologies: IEC Higher layers Data models New PLC technologies Smart metering requirements 5th October 2011 Metering Europe, Amsterdam 7

8 To be heard the colour of the tone is important! S-FSK 5th October 2011 Metering Europe, Amsterdam 8

9 Part 5-1: S-FSK (2001) Part 5-2: FSK (1998) Part 5-3: SS-AW (2001) Part 5-4: MCM / OFDM (2001) Part 5-5: SS-FFH (2001) Early PLC technologies: IEC Part 4-41: Distribution Line Message Specification Part 4-2: Application layer Various PLC technologies under common Application layer and Data model 5th October 2011 Metering Europe, Amsterdam 9

10 S-FSK PLC IEC LLC layer IEC MAC layer Addressing Chorus repetition IEC Phy layer CENELEC A-Band 2 carriers Up to 2,400 Bd 5th October 2011 Metering Europe, Amsterdam 10

11 Presentation program M/441 and CLC Early PLC technologies: IEC Higher layers Data models New PLC technologies Smart metering requirements 5th October 2011 Metering Europe, Amsterdam 11

12 Higher layers Application layer Presentation Session Transport Network Logical link Application layer tasks: Application level connection, context (rule) negotiation Access control Build and consume messages from application to application Cryptographic protection of messages 5th October 2011 Metering Europe, Amsterdam 12

13 Security and privacy is crucial for smart metering! 5th October 2011 Metering Europe, Amsterdam 13

14 Security requirements Access security Role based access control Mutual peer authentication Message security Encryption for confidentiality Authentication for data integrity and proof of origin Digital signature for proof of data origin and non-repudiation Key management Key transport Key agreement Access rights, security suite and security policy scalable to fit requirements Coherent and consistent security services on all media 5th October 2011 Metering Europe, Amsterdam 14

15 COSEM service.ind/.cnf + security status COSEM service.req/.resp + security options Security services in DLMS/COSEM COSEM Application Process NIST / FIPS standard algorithms, NSA Suite B Peer authentication: challenge-response with GCM, ECDSA Authenticated encryption: AES-GCM with key sizes 128 or 256 bits AES key wrap with key sizes 128 or 256 bits Key agreement: Diffie-Hellman ECDH with 256- or 384-bit prime moduli Digital signature: ECDSA with 256- or 384-bit prime moduli Hash: SHA-256 COSEM Application Layer Security context ACSE xdlms ASE Message Ciphering / deciphering Plaintext Unsecured message Header A Plaintext Auth. tag Authenticated message Header E Ciphertext Encrypted message Header A-E Ciphertext Auth. tag Authenticated and Encrpyted message NIST: National Information Security Agency FIPS: Federal Information Protection Standard NSA: National Security Agency Lower protocol layers 5th October 2011 Metering Europe, Amsterdam Network 15

16 Presentation program M/441 and CLC Early PLC technologies: IEC Higher layers Data models New PLC technologies Smart metering requirements 5th October 2011 Metering Europe, Amsterdam 16

17 Object oriented modelling IEC >> IEC COSEM, IEC / EN OBIS Standard object library LDN Assn. SAP Clock Register Profile Schedule Tools to model all target applications independently of messaging and transport 5th October 2011 Metering Europe, Amsterdam 17

18 3-layer HDLC profile TCP/IP profile C & I smart metering COSEM objects + OBIS DLMS/COSEM application layer 5th October 2011 Metering Europe, Amsterdam 18

19 Presentation program M/441 and CLC Early PLC technologies: IEC Higher layers Data models New PLC technologies Smart metering requirements 5th October 2011 Metering Europe, Amsterdam 19

20 Results of OPEN meter project Three new PLC technologies: OFDM type 1 (PRIME) OFDM Type 2 (G3) SMITP (Meters&More) 5th October 2011 Metering Europe, Amsterdam 20

21 PLC OFDM Type 1 (AKA PRIME) IPv4 IEC LLC Null CLC/prTS Convergence sublayer Convergence to upper layers Segmentation and reassembly OFDM Type 1 MAC layer OFDM Type 1 Phy layer Network self assembly / configuration Security: AES-128 encryption ECB CENELEC A-Band 41,992 to 88,867 khz subcarriers DBPSK, DQPSK, D8PSK 21,4 128,6 kbps 5th October 2011 Metering Europe, Amsterdam 21

22 PLC OFDM Type 2 (AKA G3) RFC 2460 IPv6 CLC/prTS LoWPAN adaptation RFC 4944 IEEE MAC layer OFDM Type 2 Phy layer IPv6 / UDP header compression Mesh routing Address auto configuration Neighbour discovery Channel access Segmentation / reassembly CENELEC A-Band 36 carriers DBPSK, DQPSK, ROBO modes ~ 20 kbps Frequency notching for S-FSK co-habitation 5th October 2011 Metering Europe, Amsterdam 22

23 Co-habitation of PLC technologies Not all PLC technologies can coexist Frequency notching allows co-habitation of OFDM Type 2 (G3) and S-FSK PLC 5th October 2011 Metering Europe, Amsterdam 23

24 3-layer HDLC profile Twisted pair profile S-FSK PLC profile OFDM Type 1 PLC profile OFDM Type 2 PLC profile TCP/IP profile C & I & R smart metering COSEM objects + OBIS DLMS/COSEM application layer 5th October 2011 Metering Europe, Amsterdam 24

25 SMITP / Meters&More PLC SMITP data model CLC/prTS Phy layer using B-PSK, bps max LLC layer based on IEC Application layer to read and write tables and to execute commands Table-based data model supports electricity metering Standard tables Custom tables for flexibility Data security: encryption and authentication AES-128 Between concentrator and meters SMTP Application layer CLC/prTS Between back office and concentrator TCP/IP CLC/prTS series SMITP PLC B-PSK Phy+ Data link CLC/prTS Internet lower layers 5th October 2011 Metering Europe, Amsterdam 25

26 3-layer HDLC profile Twisted pair profile S-FSK PLC profile OFDM Type 1 PLC profile OFDM Type 2 PLC profile PLC B-PSK GPRS TCP/IP profile TCP -IP CLC Smart metering portfolio COSEM objects + OBIS SMITP model DLMS/COSEM application layer SMITP AL No immediate interoperability between DLMS/COSEM and SMITP 5th October 2011 Metering Europe, Amsterdam

27 Presentation program M/441 and CLC Early PLC technologies: IEC Higher layers Data models New PLC technologies Smart metering requirements 5th October 2011 Metering Europe, Amsterdam 27

28 Use cases to capture system requirements B C D Metering End Device (E / G W H) MID requirements Simple Additional Metrology Display external consumer functions display I Meter communication functions H1 G1 C M L WAN NN LN Local Network Access Point (LNAP) N C C Neigbourhood Network Access Point (NNAP) G1 G2 AMI Head End System Home Automation End Device Home automation functions HA communication functions H2 H3 E How actors use the system to achieve their goals Joint effort of all TCs Co-operation with Smart Grid players Use cases will be mapped to data models A 5th October 2011 Metering Europe, Amsterdam 28

29 Companion specifications Standard object library LDN Register kwh Profile Assn. Clock Mgmt. Logical device SAP Schedule LDN SAP Register Register Register Assn. Comm. - Dutch DSMR - French Linky - Spanish Iberdrola - Indian - Saudi Arabian - IDIS Logical device #2 LDN Assn. Register Register Profile Register Profile Clock Schedule 5th October 2011 Metering Europe, Amsterdam 29

30 METER SYSTEM Closing the gap with companion specifications Proprietary interface Integration costs Proprietary interface Standard interface Integration costs Standard interface Standard interface + Companion specification Standard interface + Companion specification With kind permission of IDIS 5th October 2011 Metering Europe, Amsterdam 30

31 Encore! The question was: How to handle different PLC technologies? Let s extend the question: How to handle different communication technologies? 5th October 2011 Metering Europe, Amsterdam 31

32 In-home wired In-home-wireless PLC access Wireless access Wide area The federating force of common data model and higher layers Common data model: COSEM + OBIS Common application layer: COSEM / DLMS TCP UDP / IPv4 IPv6 5th October 2011 Metering Europe, Amsterdam 32

33 Many thanks for your attention! 5th October 2011 Metering Europe, Amsterdam 33