Failure-Modes-Based Software Reading

Transcription

1 SPRINGER BRIEFS IN COMPUTER SCIENCE Yang-Ming Zhu Failure-Modes-Based Software Reading

2 SpringerBriefs in Computer Science

3 More information about this series at

4 Yang-Ming Zhu Failure-Modes-Based Software Reading 123

5 Yang-Ming Zhu Solon, OH USA ISSN ISSN (electronic) SpringerBriefs in Computer Science ISBN ISBN (ebook) Library of Congress Control Number: The Author(s) 2017 This work is subject to copyright. All rights are reserved by the Publisher, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilms or in any other physical way, and transmission or information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or dissimilar methodology now known or hereafter developed. The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, service marks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use. The publisher, the authors and the editors are safe to assume that the advice and information in this book are believed to be true and accurate at the date of publication. Neither the publisher nor the authors or the editors give a warranty, express or implied, with respect to the material contained herein or for any errors or omissions that may have been made. The publisher remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations. Printed on acid-free paper This Springer imprint is published by Springer Nature The registered company is Springer International Publishing AG The registered company address is: Gewerbestrasse 11, 6330 Cham, Switzerland

6 To Alex, Harold, and Xiao-Hong

7 Acknowledgements I would like to thank an anonymous reviewer whose comments and suggestions helped me improving the presentation of Chap. 1 and the acquisition editor Ralf Gerstner whose comments and suggestions helped me improving the overall flow and examples in various chapters. Last but certainly not the least, I am deeply grateful to my family for their sacrifices of quality family time while I was busy at nights and over weekends writing and revising this book. vii

8 Contents 1 Introduction Software Quality and Quality Assurance Software Testing Software Peer Review and Software FMEA Other Software Assurance Methods About This Book Software Failure Mode and Effects Analysis FMEA What Is FMEA? FMEA Standards Software FMEA Types of Software FMEA Software FMEA Steps Software FMEA in the Software Development Life Cycle Summary Software Review and Software Reading Software Review and Inspection Software Reading Techniques Software Reading Defined Systematic Reading and Unsystematic Reading Ad Hoc Reading Checklist-Based Reading Scenario-Based Reading Software Reading in the Software Development Life Cycle Summary Failure-Modes-Based Software Reading FMEA-Related Terminologies Catalogs of Software Failure Modes ix

9 x Contents 4.3 Failure-Modes-Based Reading Comparison of Software Review and Software FMEA Ideas Behind Failure-Modes-Based Software Reading Why Failure-Modes-Based Reading? Summary Failure-Modes-Based Requirements Reading Introduction Requirements Failure Modes and Root Causes Failure-Modes-Based Requirements Reading Techniques Example Summary Failure-Modes-Based Design Reading Introduction Architectural Design Reading Architectural Design Failure Modes and Root Causes Failure-Modes-Based Architecture Reading Techniques Interface Reading Interface Failure Modes and Root Causes Failure-Modes-Based Interface Reading Techniques Example Summary Failure-Modes-Based Code Reading Introduction Code Functionality Failure Modes and Root Causes Code Evolvability Failure Modes and Root Causes Failure-Modes-Based Code Reading Techniques Example Summary Failure-Modes-Based Usability Reading Usability and Usability Evaluation Usability Failure Modes and Root Causes Failure-Modes-Based Usability Reading Techniques Example Summary Failure-Modes-Based Test Reading Introduction FMEA and Testing... 86

10 Contents xi 9.3 FMEA-Based Test Reading Techniques Example Summary Conclusion About the Author References... 97

11 Chapter 1 Introduction Software has become an indispensable part of our daily life, and our dependence on software is constantly increasing. Software fails, and these failures cost money, time, resources, and sometimes even lives. Software quality is thus critically important. 1.1 Software Quality and Quality Assurance Broadly speaking, software quality has two aspects: functional quality and structural quality. The former refers how well software complies with the functional requirements or specification, while the latter is related to the non-functional requirements and reflects how well software architecture, design, and implementation adhere to standards, principles, and best practices. Poor structural quality does not necessarily cause software issues right away, but it certainly makes software error-prone. Software quality assurance is a systematic approach to improve software quality, and it involves defect prevention, detection and removal, and defect containment activities [57]. We survey some of the most frequently employed techniques below Software Testing Software testing is the most frequently used method to detect software defects and improve its quality and reliability. In software testing, a tester runs a software system or its components, executes its functions, observes system behaviors or responses to input, and determines whether the system behaviors conform to its requirements, specification, or expectations. Software testing focuses on its functional quality, and the primary purpose of software testing is to detect defects. Here, The Author(s) 2017 Y.-M. Zhu, Failure-Modes-Based Software Reading, SpringerBriefs in Computer Science, 1