Advanced Design System Fundamentals

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Advanced Design System - 2001 Fundamentals 3 days of intensive training - prerequisite for all other ADS courses.

1 Advanced Design System Fundamentals 3 days of intensive training - prerequisite for all other ADS courses. Course Part Number N3211A/B from Agilent EEsof EDA Customer Education E Instructor Slides - September, 2001 Introductions & Logistics: Instructor: Students: Introduce yourself, your job, your experience with CAE tools, and your expectations for this class. ADS 2001 Fundamentals - Sept, 2001 Slide 1-2

.. ADS 2001 Fundamentals - Sept, 2001 Slide 1-3 Topics and measurements in this class: Built-in example designs System behavioral models Amp, filter, and mixer measurements Measurement equations DC

2 What is the value of this class? You practice using ADS You gain expertise With the aid of an instructor, you get hands-on experience. You learn the same methods used by ADS experts in the examples directory... ADS 2001 Fundamentals - Sept, 2001 Slide 1-3 Topics and measurements in this class: Built-in example designs System behavioral models Amp, filter, and mixer measurements Measurement equations DC simulations: curves, bias, sweeps Models, parameters, libraries AC simulations: gain, group delay, noise Tuning component parameters S-parameters: matching & optimization Momentum, E-Syn, DAC Transient & Harmonic Balance 2-tone simulations such as TOI (IP3) Noise figure, power and distortion Circuit Envelope simulations Modulated sources: GSM & CDMA Ptolemy simulation and more Applies to: RFIC, RF board, uwave circuits, and Systems. ADS 2001 Fundamentals - Sept, 2001 Slide 1-4

3 Schedule of Topics and Lab exercises Day 1 Day 2 Day 3 Approximately 3 topics per day: 1. Circuit Simulation Fundamentals 2. System Design Fundamentals 3. DC Simulation and circuit modeling 4. AC Simulation and parameter tuning 5. S-Parameters and Optimization 6. Filters - Trans, E-Syn, Momentum 7. Harmonic Balance Simulations 8. Circuit Envelope Simulation 9. Final Circuit & System simulations Lab 1 covers the user interface, schematic capture, and simulation basics. Labs 2-9 cover design and testing of a receiver system and the amplifier and filter circuits for the system. GOAL: Complete all the labs - you will be busy! Extra: The instructor may have class exercises or demos, if applicable. Also, if time allows, ask for information on other topics, circuit simulations, Design Guides, or examples. ADS 2001 Fundamentals - Sept, 2001 Slide 1-5 How this class is structured: Lecture: 25 % Instructor describes the theory and the lab exercise using overhead slides, demos, etc. Lab Exercises: 75 % All exercises build on each other. Optional steps are not required and are for fast-paced students. Extra Exercises are provided for future practice. Average lecture time: 30 min (+/- 10 min). Fund[1] Fund[2] Average lab time: about 1.5 hrs (+/- 15 min). This arrow means there s more on this topic... ADS 2001 Fundamentals - Sept, 2001 Slide 1-6

4 Other Logistics: Class hours: Food - lunch, etc.: Restroom, phone: Anything else? About the computers and the course materials (next slide) ADS 2001 Fundamentals - Sept, 2001 Slide 1-7 Course Materials: WORKBOOK E ADS Fundamentals Student Guide Contains: slides, lab exercises, appendix. About the COMPUTERS Login: Password: It s time to get started... ADS 2001 Fundamentals - Sept, 2001 Slide 1-8

5 Topic 1: ADS basics and Circuit Simulation Fundamentals ADS 2001 Fundamentals - Sept, 2001 Slide 1-9 Here is ADS Simplified: 3 steps STEP 1: design capture Insert circuit & system components and set up the simulation. STEP 3: display the results Plot or list data & write equations. STEP 2: Simulation Netlist is automatically sent to the simulator. Simulation results (data) are written to a dataset. Layout / Momentum. ADS 2001 Fundamentals - Sept, 2001 Slide 1-10

ADS Windows: Main, Schematic, Status, Data Display Main window:manage projects and open other windows... Schematic window: create / refine circuits & run simulations.

6 ADS Windows: Main, Schematic, Status, Data Display Main window:manage projects and open other windows... Schematic window: create / refine circuits & run simulations... Create a schematic Simulation Controller Project Directory Data Display window: plots, lists, equations Simulate Display Data Default Dataset Simulation Status window: simulation info: messages, errors, etc... ADS 2001 Fundamentals - Sept, 2001 Slide 1-11 Loading ADS: Directories, Variables, and Licenses When you load ADS, you are prompted for: Install directory (location of ADS program) - C or D drive on a PC $HPEESOF_DIR (UNIX variable) or %HPEESOF_DIR% (PC variable) Home directory (location of your ADS design work) - C:\users\default on a PC $HOME (UNIX variable) or %HOME% (PC variable) Install Home LICENSE Variable and File: LM_LICENSE_FILE (variable) points to the license. The default is: LM_LICENSE_FILE = $HPEESOF_DIR / licenses / license.dat. NOTE: License files contain code words for the simulators. Licenses can be networked or keyed to individual computers (node locked) using a hardware key (dongle) or Ethernet card (MAC address). ADS 2001 Fundamentals - Sept, 2001 Slide 1-12

Contents of an ADS Project Directory Files are automatically created by ADS Project data for example: lab1_prj preferences & ADS netlist.log filename.dds filename.ds networks filename.

display data) Dataset files (simulation data) Other miscellaneous directories: Not required for most simulations (can be removed). ADS 2001 Fundamentals - Sept, 2001 Slide 1-13 How to start ADS.

7 Contents of an ADS Project Directory Files are automatically created by ADS Project data for example: lab1_prj preferences & ADS netlist.log filename.dds filename.ds networks filename.dsn (schematic & simulation setup also may have layout) mom_dsn (Momentum) substrates (Momentum) synthesis (used for E-Syn & DSP) verification (used for DRC) notebook Data Displays (windows display data) Dataset files (simulation data) Other miscellaneous directories: Not required for most simulations (can be removed). ADS 2001 Fundamentals - Sept, 2001 Slide 1-13 How to start ADS... You can also create an ADS shortcut. ADS Main window window appears: Menu commands Toolbar icons To start, create a project: File > New Project and name it: lab1 lab1 ADS 2001 Fundamentals - Sept, 2001 Slide 1-14

.. Examples directory File commands: Zap

8 Main window: File, View, and more... Use icons or commands. However, not all commands have icons. But all icons have commands... Examples directory File commands: Zap View commands: Spice or IFF Click + box to expand or - box to collapse. ADS 2001 Fundamentals - Sept, 2001 Slide 1-15 Main window: Options Main window preferences are global, they apply to all projects. Sets the initial palettes and simulations. For now, use: Analog/RF design. AEL Configuration information... ADS 2001 Fundamentals - Sept, 2001 Slide 1-16

window... ADS 2001 Fundamentals - Sept, 2001 Slide 1-17 Schematic window 3 important icons.

9 Main window: Window commands... Notice the default Hot Keys If you are in a project, these icons are active for opening windows: So, let s open the Schematic window... ADS 2001 Fundamentals - Sept, 2001 Slide 1-17 Schematic window 3 important icons... Also, use Window > Open Designs for unsaved designs. Create, open and save designs: All icons have balloon help. Dialogs give you control of designs. A new schematic becomes a.dsn file in the networks directory only after you save it. ADS 2001 Fundamentals - Sept, 2001 Slide 1-18

Inserting and Editing components End command or use ESC.

Component History: type the name = get the component!

Insert components. Edit a component: use icon or double click.

ADS 2001 Fundamentals - Sept, 2001 Slide 1-19 Edit commands and

10 Inserting and Editing components End command or use ESC. Also known as schematic capture! Component History: type the name = get the component!. Pin and wire labels = named nodes. Select palettes. Insert components. Edit a component: use icon or double click. Parameters are defined: _M is multiplicity. ADS 2001 Fundamentals - Sept, 2001 Slide 1-19 Edit commands and icons Edit > Component has many uses. Library (next) Push / Pop for sub -circuits. Select command is also useful... ADS 2001 Fundamentals - Sept, 2001 Slide 1-20

Library vendor parts + all your circuits Click the + or - to expand or collapse.

Select the part and it is attached to your cursor, ready to insert.

Click to wire: Use the wire or connect pins = wired Point and click to snap to grid Drag a

11 Library vendor parts + all your circuits Click the + or - to expand or collapse. FIND any part or search the WWW for parts. Select the part and it is attached to your cursor, ready to insert. ADS 2001 Fundamentals - Sept, 2001 Slide 1-21 Wiring and Moving components Tips for wiring! Click to wire: Use the wire or connect pins = wired Point and click to snap to grid Drag a wired component and it stays wired. Wire colors are in Options > Layers Red pin = not connected Two rotation icons: Edit wired components: ADS 2001 Fundamentals - Sept, 2001 Slide 1-22

Check Representation for errors Click: Options > Check

Labels (node names) in Schematic To label, click the icon:

You can connect two pins without a wire.

To remove a label: Use the icon with a blank name.

12 Check Representation for errors Click: Options > Check Representation Check for errors and incorrect simulation results! ADS 2001 Fundamentals - Sept, 2001 Slide 1-23 Wire/Pin Labels (node names) in Schematic To label, click the icon: Type in the name, point and click. You get node voltage in the dataset. Use in equations: dbm (Vout). You can connect two pins without a wire. Move them and edit attributes. You can also create busses. To remove a label: Use the icon with a blank name. Or Edit > Wire/Pin Label > Remove Wire/Pin Label Also: Edit > Wire/Pin Label Attributes For busses, see: examples/tutorial/wire_bus_prj It is a documented example. ADS 2001 Fundamentals - Sept, 2001 Slide 1-24

Variable Equations: VAR Click: TIP: Add dummy (X,Y,Z) variables and then edit on-screen.

Variables can be used with optimization, parameter sweeps, and many.

pin# 1 (layout): Example of on-screen control: C (component name): changes the component C1 (instance name):

13 Variable Equations: VAR Click: TIP: Add dummy (X,Y,Z) variables and then edit on-screen. VAR is a declaration (initialization). Component parameters can be assigned a value using a variable equation. Variables can be used with optimization, parameter sweeps, and many... ADS 2001 Fundamentals - Sept, 2001 Slide 1-25 Symbols, units, and names Circle for mutual inductance: Slash for pin# 1 (layout): Example of on-screen control: C (component name): changes the component C1 (instance name): rename it: c_shunt C= (parameter): a number (unit) or valid variable. QUIZ: Is this valid? C coupling_c C = x Answer: YES, if x is a valid VAR: x=1pf ADS 2001 Fundamentals - Sept, 2001 Slide 1-26

Units and case sensitivity General Rule #1: UNIX is always case sensitive.

OK, because after the first insert, PC will recognize either one.

names are always case sensitive! By the way, right mouse button has some useful commands!

.. ADS 2001 Fundamentals - Sept, 2001 Slide 1-27 To set up a simulation, select the

14 Units and case sensitivity General Rule #1: UNIX is always case sensitive. General Rule #2: PCs are case sensitive, except for: Inserting some components: R or r is OK, because after the first insert, PC will recognize either one. However, some rules apply to both, for example: m = milli, M = Mega, V = volts & variable names are always case sensitive! By the way, right mouse button has some useful commands! And now, let s Simulate... ADS 2001 Fundamentals - Sept, 2001 Slide 1-27 To set up a simulation, select the Controller: Choose from Palette S-Parameter Click the gear and insert the controller. HB DC NOTE: all palettes have many of the same components (Prm Swp) and specific Meas Eqns. ADS 2001 Fundamentals - Sept, 2001 Slide 1-28

Setting up a simulation... By default, freq is the swept variable here!

Display tab lists all the settings you want displayed on screen.

tabs Noise tab Parameters tab You specify the simulation parameters -

15 Setting up a simulation... By default, freq is the swept variable here! Output tab allows you to select what is output to the dataset. Display tab lists all the settings you want displayed on screen. Edit on-screen if the parameter is displayed or use the dialog box. There are other ways to simulate... ADS 2001 Fundamentals - Sept, 2001 Slide 1-29 more settings in the tabs Noise tab Parameters tab You specify the simulation parameters - you will learn to do this in the lab exercises! Also, there are other ways to simulate... ADS 2001 Fundamentals - Sept, 2001 Slide 1-30

Insert an ADS simulation Template You can

.. ADS 2001 Fundamentals - Sept, 2001 Slide

simulation setups for devices or circuits

16 Insert an ADS simulation Template You can also make your own template: File > Save Design as Template... ADS has many templates, including Data Display templates. Insert you circuit and simulate. But you need to verify settings: nodes, bias, variables, parameters... ADS 2001 Fundamentals - Sept, 2001 Slide 1-31 The Smart Simulation Wizard Predefined simulation setups for devices or circuits you build. See next... You will use this in one of the lab exercises! Some editing may be required! ADS 2001 Fundamentals - Sept, 2001 Slide 1-32

Type in the values to be passed into the setup.

ADS 2001 Fundamentals - Sept, 2001 Slide 1-33 In this course, you learn the

wizard... *NOTE asterisk means schematic is not yet saved.

17 Smart Simulation Wizard (cont.) Select the simulation setups or Design Guide setups (license required). Type in the values to be passed into the setup. Simulate and the results are automatically plotted in data display templates. ADS 2001 Fundamentals - Sept, 2001 Slide 1-33 In this course, you learn the Simulation controller settings used in templates and the smart simulation wizard... *NOTE asterisk means schematic is not yet saved. Some simulations, like HB, require more setup. DC requires no setup in most cases. The source frequency and the HB controller frequency must match! ADS 2001 Fundamentals - Sept, 2001 Slide 1-34

Setting up a Simulation! Before you simulate: You can name the dataset file. If not, default dataset = schematic name. Click: Simulation > Setup: Dataset files (.ds) are in the DATA directory.

ADS 2001 Fundamentals - Sept, 2001 Slide 1-35 During Simulation: Status Window appears!

18 Setting up a Simulation! Before you simulate: You can name the dataset file. If not, default dataset = schematic name. Click: Simulation > Setup: Dataset files (.ds) are in the DATA directory. Data Display windows (.dds) are in the PROJECT directory. To simulate use: F7 key, click Simulate, or the click the gear icon. NOTE on mode: Servers can allow parallel simulation. ADS 2001 Fundamentals - Sept, 2001 Slide 1-35 During Simulation: Status Window appears! One way to stop a simulation, click: Or click: Window > Simulation Status Simulation/Synthesis > Stop Simulation A successful simulation results in a dataset: For more sim info, set simulation controller: To stop a simulation from the schematic window. When finished, the Data Display opens... ADS 2001 Fundamentals - Sept, 2001 Slide 1-36

Data Display window They can open automatically or you can open them from any Schematic or the ADS Main window: Default Dataset First, select a plot, list or Eqn for the data.

19 Data Display window They can open automatically or you can open them from any Schematic or the ADS Main window: Default Dataset First, select a plot, list or Eqn for the data... Data displays open empty first time, unless you use a template. You insert plots, lists, equations using the default dataset file or other dataset files that are specified explicitly. ADS 2001 Fundamentals - Sept, 2001 Slide 1-37 List or plot the simulation data QUIZ: What is this? Answer: Other datasets and DDS equations, click here! STEPS: 1) Insert the plot, list, or equation. 2) Select the data or equations. 3) Options - edit data or plot. 4) Save/name the DDS window. Answer: default dataset Measurement equations and variables from schematics are also available here. Edit the data trace or equation here. ADS 2001 Fundamentals - Sept, 2001 Slide 1-38

Data Displays are powerful... Insert Templates. Scroll through lists. View and zoom data. Write equations to manipulate data to be listed or plotted.

.path if not default. ADS 2001 Fundamentals - Sept, 2001 Slide 1-39 Data Displays are powerful.

20 Data Displays are powerful... Insert Templates. Scroll through lists. View and zoom data. Write equations to manipulate data to be listed or plotted. Markers have readout properties you can edit. Use cursor or arrow keys to move a marker. Traces can be edited for color and thickness. Explicit dataset..path if not default. ADS 2001 Fundamentals - Sept, 2001 Slide 1-39 Data Displays are powerful... Insert > Templates Create Pages Zoom into plots Scroll through lists Traces can be edited and Markers can also be adjusted. Write equations using ADS functions to operate on data. Explicit dataset..path if not the default dataset. ADS 2001 Fundamentals - Sept, 2001 Slide 1-40

21 TUNING: tune mode is simulation! Simulate > Tuning... Tuning allows you to tweak parameter values and see the results! You will do this in the lab in just a few minutes... ADS 2001 Fundamentals - Sept, 2001 Slide 1-41 Print ADS schematics and data File > For Data, you can print selected plots, lists, equations. Print Setup - select the printer, style, etc. ADS 2001 Fundamentals - Sept, 2001 Slide 1-42

Using the Electronic Notebook The note book reads your ADS project: Write descriptions of designs and data displays. Create HTML of your designs and data.

$zip files). They can include all networks, data, and display files (entire project). When you leave this class, archive the projects to C:\temp and then copy the ZAP to the A drive.$

22 Using the Electronic Notebook The note book reads your ADS project: Write descriptions of designs and data displays. Create HTML of your designs and data. An organized way to document your ADS designs. ADS 2001 Fundamentals - Sept, 2001 Slide 1-43 Archive ADS projects for or disc: ZAP From the Main window, click: File > Archive or Unarchive NOTE: Archive files become.zap files (like.zip files). They can include all networks, data, and display files (entire project). When you leave this class, archive the projects to C:\temp and then copy the ZAP to the A drive. Be sure to delete the datasets or it will not fit on a floppy disk (not necessary if you a zap file). For any ADS problems, call support and send the ZAP file. In the United States call: ADS 2001 Fundamentals - Sept, 2001 Slide 1-44

23 To end an ADS processes... If your computer is locked up or if there is any other problem (Data Display), you can safely stop some processes: hpeesofde.exe - closes the ADS program (same as exit) hpeesofsim.exe - stops the simulation hpeesofdds.exe - end to stop the data display server These 2 work together! hpeesofdss.exe - end to stop the dataset server UNIX users kill processes - PC users end processes PC task manager - NT: ctrl-alt-delete In a UNIX window, use: ps -ef tail and you can kill (xxx) a processes. AVOID killing these: hpeesofsess.exe hpeesofbrowser.exe hpeesofemx.exe Killing these will require re-starting ADS. ADS 2001 Fundamentals - Sept, 2001 Slide 1-45 What the lab is about... Lab 1: Circuit Simulation Fundamentals ADS 2001 Fundamentals - Sept, 2001 Slide 1-46

Learn Circuit Simulation Basics Create a new project: lab1 Build a low-pass filter in the schematic S-parameter

Copy an example RFIC amplifier into lab1 project Setup the Vin and Vout node voltage names Perform a Harmonic

24 Learn Circuit Simulation Basics Create a new project: lab1 Build a low-pass filter in the schematic S-parameter simulation Display the results: S21 transmission Tune the filter response Create another schematic in lab1 project Copy an example RFIC amplifier into lab1 project Setup the Vin and Vout node voltage names Perform a Harmonic Balance simulation Display the spectrum and gain equation results NOTE: Lab 1 can be skipped if students already know the basic operation of ADS. MORE ON THE LAB: ADS 2001 Fundamentals - Sept, 2001 Slide 1-47 Low-pass filter: S-parameter simulation Build the filter, simulate and tune the filter parameters... ADS 2001 Fundamentals - Sept, 2001 Slide 1-48

25 RFIC example: Harmonic Balance simulation With Vin and Vout labeled, check the sub-circuit, and simulate. Start the lab now! Write and list the gain equation. NOTE: If you finish early, try the Extra Exercises! ADS 2001 Fundamentals - Sept, 2001 Slide 1-49

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LAB 3: DC Simulations and Circuit Modeling

ADS Fundamentals - 2001 LAB 3: DC Simulations and Circuit Modeling Overview - This chapter introduces the use of behavioral models to create a system such as a receiver. This lab will be the first step