User s guide December 2011

Transcription

1 User s guide

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3 User s guide December 2011

4 WARNINGS In writing this manual every care has been taken to offer the most updated, correct and clear information possible; however unwanted errors are always possible and information can be subject to change. LSE S.r.l. cannot assume any liability resulting from the use of this manual and the same is true for every person or company involved in the creation, production or distribution of this manual. This manual is protected by copyright. Reproduction of this manual, even partial, in the absence of written authorization by LSE S.r.l. is prohibited by law. Trademarks Windows is a registered trademark of Microsoft Corporation in the United States and elsewhere. Bluetooth is a registered trademark of Bluetooth SIG, Inc. AutoCAD is a registered trademark of AutoDesk Inc. All other trademarks are trademarks of their respective owners.

5 Index WARNINGS... 4 Trademarks... 4 Index... 5 Introduction...13 Software installation...14 Installation on Windows CE Installation on Windows Mobile Starting software...15 Starting software from Windows Mobile Starting software from Windows Mobile Running software from Windows CE Workspace...16 Main window Dialog boxes Virtual keyboard Job manager...18 Creating a new job File of the job Open existing job Make a copy of the current job Deleting a job Recovering a job Instruments setup...20 Creating a new profile Editing and deleting of a profile Making a profile current Information about the current receiver Reconfigure current receiver Setting a Zenith 10/20 GNSS receiver Setting a generic NMEA receiver Setting of the internet provider Setting of parameters to access a permanent stations network

6 GPS status and profile changing...25 GPS status Quality Position Sky SV Base Enter to settings of current receiver Re-configure current receiver Re-connect GPRS communication GPS status from Surveying and Stakeout commands Change current profile General configuration...28 Units Decimals Coordinates Survey & Stakeout Miscellaneous CAD...31 Close CAD Display commands CAD setup Miscellaneous settings Survey - filters Points - Filters Drawing Filters Importing DXF files Exporting DXF files Layer manager Setting layer color Create a new layer Make visible/invisible a layer Make visible/invisible all layers Changing color/line-type to a layer Managing raster images Importing a raster image Keep visible/invisible a raster image

7 Delete a raster image Connect a raster image Object Snap Enabling and disabling object snaps How to use object snaps Snap on topographic points Drawing functions Editing and new points creation functions (COGO) Deleting objects Offset Distance intersection Intersection Distance and offset Divide Measure Information commands ID Coordinates of a point Distance between two points Distance point-object Angle Area List Find topographic point Contextual toolbar Points Contextual toolbar CAD objects Survey points, measures and codes manager...42 Topographic points Creating a new point Editing a point Viewing point on CAD Stakeout of a point Deleting a point Deleting a group of points Changing view of point data Finding a point Managing sketches associated to points Field book

8 Adding a note Editing a measure Deleting a measure Deleting a group of measures Find a measure Reference points Survey codes Creating a new code Editing a code Deleting a code Deleting a group of codes Creating a new library Loading an existing library Importing a list of codes from ASCII files Exporting current library Coordinate systems...48 Coordinate system Planimetric Local system Single point Local system Multi points Cartographic system Coordinate system Elevation Exporting current coordinate system Loading a coordinate system Report of current coordinate system Starting a GPS base...51 Starting a base on a known position Starting a base on current position Starting a base with previous settings GPS Survey of points...53 Points surveying Quick point measuring Points measuring Hidden points Measuring hidden points by intersection of two distances Measuring hidden points by distance and offset Accuracy check Inserting a note

9 Field book Editing view Automatic surveying of points Startup of the automatic measuring Surveying with recording of data for Post-Processing GeoMax Zenith 10/20 GNSS Static survey GeoMax Zenith 10/20 GNSS Starting occupation Stakeout with GPS...64 Stakeout information Receiver information Stakeout information Stakeout tolerance Information referring to North or to Sun Graphic and analytic view Vocal information How to interpret information provided Common operations in stakeout Measuring the point Accuracy check and stakeout parameters Inserting a note Stakeout of points Stakeout of topographic points Stakeout of coordinates ENZ Stakeout of WGS84 coordinates Stakeout of a list of points Stakeout procedure Stakeout of the next point Stakeout of lines/arcs/objects Stakeout of line by 2 points Stakeout of arc by 3 points Stakeout of arc by 2 points and radius Stakeout of CAD element Stakeout procedure Stakeout of lines/arcs/objects by offset Stakeout by offset referring to a line by 2 points

10 Stakeout by offset referring to an arc by 3 points Stakeout by offset referring to an arc by 2 points and radius Stakeout by offset referring to a CAD element Offset parameters Stakeout procedure Stakeout of the next point by offset Stakeout of side slopes Slopes Stakeout procedure Stakeout report COGO...77 Inverse Inverse referring to a point Inverse referring to a line by 2 points Inverse referring to an arc by 3 points Inverse referring to an arc by 2 points and radius Inverse referring to a CAD element Distance & Offset Intersection Intersection Double distance Intersection Distance and azimuth Intersection double azimuth Intersection 4 points Subdivision Data import...85 Importing from file in AutoCAD DXF format Importing from file in ASCII format Importing from files in GSI format Export data...87 Exporting on file in AutoCAD DXF format Exporting on file in ASCII format Exporting on file in GSI format Exporting on file in 1200/Viva format for Topko Exporting measures Appendix...90 Getac keyboard... Errore. Il segnalibro non è definito. 10

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13 Introduction Thank you for purchasing X PAD! This guide will allow you to get all the information you need to use your X PAD quickly and efficiently in all situations. X PAD functions are organized in modules that cover the different needs of users. Modularity is the following: Modules Description Basic module in which there are all essential features for surveying and stakeout. Advanced surveying features to improve productivity and efficiency in the surveying and stakeout process. In description of the commands that are not present in the standard module, it is reported the logo of the module to which they refer. Introduction - 13

14 Software installation To install the software on the controller you need the following files: File XPAD Setup.CAB NETCFv35.wm.armv4i.cab NETCFv35.wce.armv4.cab Description Installation file of the software System libraries for controllers with Windows Mobile System libraries for controllers with Windows CE Installation on Windows CE Steps to follow are the followings: 1. Copy NETCFv35.wce.armv4.cab file in the main folder of the controller. 2. Copy XPAD Setup.CAB file in the main folder of the controller. 3. From controller click on icon MyDevice to enter in files manager. 4. Open main folder of the controller. 5. Run application NETCFv35.wce.armv4.cab 6. Confirm installation folder hitting OK. 7. Wait for completion of the installation procedure. The installation file will be automatically deleted from the folder. 8. Run XPAD Setup application. 9. Confirm installation folder hitting OK. 10. Wait for completion of the installation procedure. The installation file will be automatically deleted from the folder. Installation on Windows Mobile Steps to follow are the followings: 1. Copy NETCFv35.wm.armv4.cab file in the main folder of the controller. 2. Copy XPAD Setup.CAB file in the main folder of the controller. 3. From controller click on Start and then on Programs menu. 4. From programs list select item Explore files. 5. Open main folder of the controller. 6. Run application NETCFv35.wm.armv4.cab 7. Confirm Device as position of installation; continue hitting OK or Install. 8. Wait for completion of the installation procedure. The installation file will be automatically deleted from the folder. 9. Run XPAD Setup application. 10. Confirm Device as position of installation; continue hitting OK or Install. 11. Wait for completion of the installation procedure. The installation file will be automatically deleted from the folder Installation on Windows CE

15 Starting software Starting software from Windows Mobile 6.0 To run software from controllers with Windows Mobile O.S. select Start and then Programs. From programs list select X PAD item. Starting software from Windows Mobile 6.5 To run software from controllers with Windows Mobile O.S. select Start; from programs list select X PAD item. Running software from Windows CE To run software from controllers with Windows CE O.S. double click on icon otherwise select Start, Programs and then X PAD item. X PAD on desktop; Starting software - 15

16 Workspace Understanding the rules about operating with the workspace is essential to use the software quickly and efficiently. Main window The main window is characterized by a "circular" menu on the top, by the commands corresponding to the main menu and by the icons for the general use. The "circular" menu allows you to access the list of commands corresponding to the selected menu. Press the buttons located to the right and to the left to access the different menus. In the central part of the screen are displayed the commands corresponding to the selected main menu; to run a command touch the corresponding item. Commands are identified also by a number that allows to recall rapidly with keyboard of the controller hitting the corresponding button. In the lower part of the screen there are commands for general use. Command Description Enter the graphic CAD CAD GPS Setup Enter the window that allows to control general status of the connected receiver and to change current profile. The icon represent the type of instrument actually connected: Rover GPS or Base GPS. Enter the window that allows to set parameters of the receiver and of the software Quit software Esci 16 - Main window

17 Dialog boxes Dialog boxes are characterized by an upper bar, by a title bar, by the contents of the window and by a status bar. The upper bar reports several useful information: Software icon: clicking on the icon you get general information about the software; Current job name Receiver battery status: clicking on the icon you get general Information about receiver battery status Controller battery status: clicking on the icon you get general Information about controller battery status Time Title bar allows to close the window and perform main operations: Close/Cancel: the button allows to close the current window and go back to the previous window Title of the window Command: the button, if present, allows executing a particular function. There are the following types of buttons: Button Meaning Description Command Confirm Step Allows to execute an operation on the window and on its data To hit to confirm data modifications To hit to move to the next step in a guided procedure The status bar can contain a central item allowing to go to advanced functions. Virtual keyboard To enter to keyboard from every input field click inside the field itself. Virtual keyboard allows to insert alphabetic, numeric and symbols data. Workspace - 17

18 Job manager Creating a new job Appears a window showing jobs that are present in current folder. The new job will be created in current folder; to change current folder hit the button on the right of the path. Hit New button to create a new job. New job Job name Operator Note Name of the job and of corresponding file to be created. Name of the operator (optional) Notes about the job (optional) Set the name of the job and eventually the other information data. Hit Create to proceed in creation of the job. File of the job Every job is stored in a file with GFD extension. The auto-save procedure creates a copy of the job with GFD_BAK extension. Moreover, every time a job is closed a RAW file with RAW extension is created; the RAW file is a text file reporting all essential data about the job: topographic points and measures. The RAW file can be used with third-party software to import field data. Sketches connected to points or to filed book are stored to a subfolder of the folder of the job; name of the subfolder is <name of the job>_img. Open existing job It appears a window showing the jobs present in the current folder. To change the current folder hit the button to the right of the route. Select the name of the job from the list to open it Creating a new job

19 Make a copy of the current job It appears a window showing jobs present in the current folder. To change the folder on which to copy the current job hit the button on the right of the path. In the lower part of the window set the name to assign to the copy of the current job. Hit Save button to execute the copy of current job. Deleting a job It appears a window showing jobs present in the current folder. To change the current folder hit the button to the right of the path. Select the name of the job to delete from the list and confirm to the next request. Recovering a job The recovering procedure allows to import in a new job the RAW file of another job that results damaged and no more usable. It is asked to select the RAW file to load and to assign a name to the new job to create. Job manager - 19

20 Instruments setup Instruments setup allows to set parameters of the connection between the software resident on the controller and the receiver; moreover allows to set the operating parameters of the receiver. Command Setup The list reports the available configuration profiles; an instrument profile it s a set of settings establishing connection parameters to the receiver and operating modes of the same. Current profile is identified with working. symbol and represents the instrument with which you are Creating a new profile Hit New button to create a new instrument profile. A guided procedure will allow you to set the model of instrument and to define all connection and operating parameters. Editing and deleting of a profile To edit or delete a profile select it and hit Modify or Delete button. The Modify button allows to enter all connection and operating parameters of the selected instrument. Making a profile current To run communication between software and the instrument defined in a profile it s necessary to select the profile hit the Current button. Information about the current receiver Selecting the row related to the current receiver, for some receivers, it s available the Info button allowing to obtain some information concerning the connected device. Particularly you can know the firmware versions and the battery level. Reconfigure current receiver Selecting the row related to the current receiver, for some receivers, it s available the Reconfigure button operating a general reprogramming of the connected device without requesting to open the profile and run all settings pages Creating a new profile

21 Setting a Zenith 10/20 GNSS receiver Receiver Profile Name Mode Brand Model Name identifying the profile GPS Rover or GPS Base; allows to specify whether to use receiver as a base or as a rover. GeoMax Zenith 10/20 GNSS Hit Next to go to next step. Connection Connection Device Advanced Bluetooth List of still associated devices. To search a new Bluetooth device select Find devices item. The Bluetooth Manager window shows still associated devices and allows to execute a new research. Searching of new devices gives a list of Bluetooth devices present nearby; select device corresponding to receiver to connect with. Allows to go to parameters to use for communication (Baud rate, data bits, stop bits, parity). Hit Next to go to next step. RTK Device Type of device to use to send (base) and to receive (rover) differential corrections. Possible options are: None: receiver do not send and receive any type of corrections. Internal radio: using internal radio to send and to receive corrections. Internal GPRS: using internal GPRS to connect to a permanent stations service sending corrections through internet. Next requests depend to the type of settings made. RTK Internal Radio Channel Format Base ID Radio Channel to use for transmission and receiving; base and rover must use the same channel and the same frequency. Last item of the list permits to enter to a window allowing to manually modify frequency assigned to each channel. Corrections format; base and rover must use the same data format. Name identifying the base; this value allows to receive corrections only from identified base avoiding to receive corrections from other bases nearby. The base ID must be set at the same value both in the base and in the rover. RTK Internal GPRS Provider Name of the phone provider providing GPRS service; select Providers item to define a new provider or to modify parameters of an existing provider. Instruments setup - 21

22 Server Mountpoint Data format Name of the permanent stations service to connect to; select NTRIP servers item to define a new service or to modify parameters of an existing service. Click on the item to access to list of mountpoint of the server to connect with. Data format of the corrections; it is necessary to set the same data format sent by the permanent station (mountpoint). Hit Next to go to next step. Parameters Satellites Cut-off Maximum DOP Use GLONASS Position update frequency Minimum height, in degrees referring to horizon, to consider satellites usable; allows to avoid using satellites too low on the horizon increasing so precision. Maximum DOP value over which position is not calculated. Enables the use of satellites in the GLONASS constellation. Frequency with which the value of the position it s updates. Especially for tracking operations we recommend a value of 5 times per second. Hit Next to go to next step. Post-Processing Log data for Post- Processing Logging rate Activates data recording for post-processing during all surveying operations. Starting a surveying operation it will be asked to indicate the file name where data have to be saved. In the file it s recorded the kinematic chain, but there are no information about the measured points. The file has DAT extension and it can be converted in RINEX format using the specified STH2RINEX application. Frequency for post-processing data recording. Hit Next to go to next step. Antenna Model Zenith 10/20 Integrated Offset L1 0 Offset L2 0 Antenna Height Default receiver antenna height. Hit End to confirm assigned parameters. Setting a generic NMEA receiver Hit New button to create a new instrument profile; first step of the guided procedure allows to define following parameters: 22 - Setting a generic NMEA receiver

23 Receiver Profile name Mode Brand Model Name of the profile GPS Rover; NMEA receiver cannot function as a base NMEA NMEA Generic Hit Next to go to next step. Communication Connection Set if the connection is through a serial port (COM port option) or through a Bluetooth connection (Bluetooth option). Communication COM Port Advanced Set port you are using for communication. Allows to access to parameters to use for communication (Baud rate, data bits, stop bits, parity). Communication - Bluetooth Device Advanced List of still associated devices. To search for a new Bluetooth device select Search Device item. The Bluetooth Manager window shows still associated devices and allows executing a new research. Research of new devices gives a list of Bluetooth devices nearby; select device corresponding to receiver to connect. Allows entering to parameters to use for communication (Baud rate, data bits, stop bits, parity). Hit Next to go to next step. Antenna Model Integrated Offset L1 0 Offset L2 0 Antenna height Default receiver antenna height. Hit End to confirm assigned parameters. Setting of the internet provider The provider supplies the GPRS data service. To set the provider enter following parameters: Instruments setup - 23

24 Provider Name APN Server User ID Password PIN Description (name) of provider Name of the access point for GRPS and UMTS nets. Example: web.omnitel.it Set UserID to access the service (only if access is protected by UserID and Password). Set Password to access the service (only if access is protected by UserID and Password). PIN to use the SIM card. Setting of parameters to access a permanent stations network. A server is a permanent stations service to connect through internet receiving differential corrections in real time. Setting a server you need to enter following parameters: Server Name IP Address Port UserID Password Description of the server IP address of the service Number of the port you are using Identification of the user registered at the service. Password assigned to the registered user IP address, number of the port, UserID and Password they are data provided to you when you register to this kind of service Setting of parameters to access a permanent stations network.

25 GPS status and profile changing From the main menu at any time you can access a window that shows the overall status of the GPS receiver and change the current profile. The window displays in the upper part an item that gives you access to the GPS status and reports a list of all defined instruments profiles. GPS status Command GPS Enter the window to control the general status of the connected receiver and to change current profile. The icon represent the type of instrument actually connected: Rover GPS or Base GPS. Select item GPS Status: the window shows all current parameters of the receiver as position, signal quality, satellites position and some information about the base. These information are available through a tools bar. Quality The page reports all information about quality with which receiver is working. GPS status- Quality Position 2D precision Elevation precision Satellites HDOP VDOP PDOP Age corrections GSM signal Type of positioning quality; possible values are: Autonomous : receiver is acquiring position in autonomous way without receiving corrections from any source (minimum precision) RTK Mobile : receiver is receiving corrections from a source but it has not yet fixed ambiguity RTK Fixed : receiver is receiving corrections from a source and it has fixed the ambiguity (maximum precision) DGPS : receiver is receiving differential corrections in DGPS mode. Precision of current position regarding coordinates Precision of current position regarding elevation Number of satellites of the different constellations Horizontal DOP Vertical DOP General DOP related to satellites position Delay in receiving corrections; a high value indicates missing of corrections received Level of GSM signal GPS status and profile changing - 25

26 NTRIP Server Mountpoint Name of the used NTRIP server Name of the mountpoint to which you have been accessed Position GPS status Position Geographic Coordinates Plane Coordinates Current Latitude, Longitude and height (on the phase center) Corresponding plane coordinates; values are available only if a coordinates system has been set Sky SkyPlot reporting position and elevation of tracked satellites. Clicking on a satellite it appears a window showing all its information. SV The table reports the list of all tracked satellites with all related information. GPS SV status Indicates satellites contributing to position calculation and ignored satellites Number of the satellite and constellation Position Elevation Signal/Noise Indicates position of satellite with cardinal points Indicates the elevation of the satellite in the sky Signal/noise ratio Base The table reports information related to the reference base. GPS Base status Base Place Latitude/Longitude/ Height (PhC) Distance Name of the base Place where is the base (only for connection to Leica ITALPOS network) Coordinates of the base Distance between base and current position Enter to settings of current receiver Setup button allows entering to setup window of parameters of current receiver profile. At the end of guided procedure receiver is thoroughly re-configured with set parameters GPS status

27 Re-configure current receiver For some receivers it s possible to re-program the receiver with current parameters without having to open the setup window and go through the guided procedure. Hit Setup button and from the appearing menu select Configure receiver item; receiver will be thoroughly re-programmed with current parameters. Re-connect GPRS communication For some receivers it s possible to reset GPRS connection with current parameters without having to open setup window and go through guided procedure. Hit Setup button and from appearing menu select Connect GPRS item; GPRS connection is closed and restarted with current parameters. GPS status from Surveying and Stakeout commands It s possible to access the window of GPS status not only from the main menu but also from all surveying and stakeout commands. In the surveying and stakeout windows is always present the following panel: Clicking on the panel you enter to the GPS status window. Change current profile Command GPS Enter the window to control the general status of the connected receiver and to change current profile. The icon represent the type of instrument actually connected: Rover GPS or Base GPS. Through this window it s possible to pass quickly from an instrument profile to another. The window reports the list of all defined instruments profiles and highlights current profile. Select one of the profiles to set it as current one; the software will try to connect to the instrument indicated in the profile. GPS status and profile changing - 27

28 General configuration This software is subject to several different parameters and options that are thoroughly customizable by the operator. Units Command Setup The window allows to set units to use for each kind of data. Decimals Command Setup The windows allows to set number of decimals to show each kind of data. Coordinates Command Setup The windows allows to set the character to identify abscissas, ordinates and elevations. You can also set the display order and placement of the abscissas and ordinates. Survey & Stakeout Command Setup A guided procedure allows to set parameters about functioning of surveying and stakeout operations Units

29 GPS Survey Accuracy check Epochs Accuracy check Horizontal Vertical Number of epochs to acquire for each measure. Activates accuracy check; epoch is accepted if it comply the precision conditions set. Maximum horizontal precision to keep acceptable the measure. Maximum vertical precision (in elevation) to keep acceptable the measure. Hit Next to go to next step. GPS survey Automatic Mode Mode to use for automatic surveying of points: - Time: the position is acquired at fixed intervals of time - Distance 2D: the position is acquired at fixed intervals of horizontal distance - Distance 3D: the position is acquired at fixed intervals of 3D distance - Stop & Go: the position is acquired in stop & go mode; when the antenna remains still the software begins acquiring position. GPS survey Automatic Time mode Measure every (sec) Set the interval of time between every automatic acquisition of position. GPS survey Automatic Distance 2D Measure every Set the interval of horizontal distance that must be between position to acquire and previously acquired position. GPS survey Automatic Distance 3D Measure every Set the interval of 3D distance that must be between position to acquire and previously acquired position. GPS survey Automatic Stop & Go Stop time (sec) Max. movement antenna Defines the time spent on the point to allow the acquisition of the position. Maximum movement allowed to consider the antenna still; when the software recognize that the antenna remains almost still with a movement less than maximum value, it begins acquisition of position for the preset stop time. Hit Next to go to next step. Stakeout - Parameters Tolerance Maximum distance between current position and position to reach to consider being on the stakeout position; if the distance between current position and position to reach is less or the same as tolerance, the software highlights achieving of stakeout position. General configuration - 29

30 Tolerance slope Vocal Info Reference Complete drawing Maximum difference between current slope and design slope; if the slope difference between current slope and design slope is less or the same as tolerance, the software highlights achieving of stakeout slope. Activates vocal information Defines reference to which are provided information to reach stakeout position. References can be: - North: information are provided with respect to the North; turn controller toward the North and follow indications. - Sun: information are provided with respect to the Sun; turn controller toward the Sun and follow indications. Enables viewing of drawing information in the graphic window during stakeout operations. Hit End to save modifications. Miscellaneous Command Setup The page allows to set general parameters of the software. Miscellaneous Numeric codes Autosave Every (min.) Language Activates a preferential use of numeric codes regarding the survey codes. Activates automatic saving of the current job; the autosave operation creates a copy of the current job changing the extension of the file. Interval of time passing among autosaving operations. Language used by the software; for a correct functioning we recommend to restart the software after language modification Miscellaneous

31 CAD The CAD of X PAD it s a main element of the whole solution allowing to use the software not only for surveying and stakeout but also as a real helping tool in every situation. Command access to graphic CAD The window displays a tool bar in the lower part from which you can access to all CAD functions. Close CAD Clicking on the graphic window they appear buttons for display mode and a button to close CAD window. Display commands Clicking on the graphic window they appear buttons for displaying of the drawing. Display commands Zoom All Displaying of all drawing elements. Zoom Window Allows to define displaying window indicating opposite angles. Zoom + Approaches the point of view, enlarging the view. CAD - 31

32 Zoom - Takes away the point of view by reducing the view. GPS navigation Pan Shows current position of the antenna on the drawing; it s necessary having set a coordinate system. The position of the antenna is maintained inside the graphic window. The shifting of view is always active; click on the drawing and drag it. After a few seconds of not using the buttons automatically disappear. CAD setup The CAD functions are subject to several parameters and option you can thoroughly customize and edit in every moment. Miscellaneous settings Command Data Setup Miscellaneous settings Snap confirmation Activates manual confirmation of the selected snap. Activating option Snap confirmation the software shows the desired snap position and waits for confirmation by clicking on defined position. Deactivating option Snap confirmation the software shows the snap position but goes on without waiting for confirmation. Survey - filters Command Data Setup The page allows to set survey data to be displayed in the graphic window. Points - Filters Command Data Setup 32 - CAD setup

33 The page allows to set information of topographic points that have to be displayed in the graphic window. Drawing Filters Command Data Setup Drawing Filters Main drawing External references Linetypes One color drawing One color Double weight line Activates displaying of drawing elements in the graphic window. Not used. Activates displaying of types of lines in drawing displaying. Activates displaying of the drawing in single color. Color to use in displaying of the drawing in case of using One color drawing option activated. Activates displaying of the drawing double weight of the lines. Importing DXF files Command Import a file AutoCAD DXF format. Data DXF In For information about importing DXF files refer to chapter Import of data. Exporting DXF files Command Exporting data in AutoCAD DXF format. Data DXF Out For information about exporting DXF files refer to chapter Export of data. CAD - 33

34 Layer manager Command Opens the drawing layers manager window. Data Layers The window allows to manage layers of the drawing. Setting layer color Current layer is marked by symbol. To set the current layer it s sufficient to select corresponding symbol. Create a new layer To create a new layer hit button New. Assign a name to the layer to create and hit OK. Make visible/invisible a layer Visible layers are marked with symbol, invisible layers are marked with symbol.to change status of a layer click on the symbol. Make visible/invisible all layers To make visible or invisible all layers hit Tools item and select corresponding menu item. Changing color/line-type to a layer To change color or linetype to a layer it s sufficient to select it; hit Color button to enter to color manager window; hit Linetype button to access the linetype manager window. Managing raster images Command Open raster images manager window. Data Rasters The window allows you to manage raster images of the job. Importing a raster image To import a new image, hit the Import button. Select the folder and image file to load, if the image file is followed by the Word file, the placement parameters displaying the image in the correct position and size will be already loaded Layer manager

35 Keep visible/invisible a raster image The visible images are marked with the symbol instead the invisible images are marked with the symbol. To change the visibility status of an image click on the symbol. Delete a raster image To delete a raster image, select the corresponding item from the list and press the Delete button. Connect a raster image If the job is moved in a different folder it can happen to lose reference to the connected raster image. The Link button allows to restore connection to raster image through indication of the route of the file. Object Snap The snap commands allow you to identify precise locations on drawing objects. Command Snap Type Extreme Medium Perpendicular Intersection Node Center Tangent identified point Ending point of objects such as lines and arcs. Middle point of objects such as lines and arcs. Point located on the perpendicular of a line, arc and circle referring to the current point. Intersection among lines, arcs, circles. Inserting point of a topographic point. Center of an arc or circle. Tangent point of an arc or circle referring to current point. Enabling and disabling object snaps To enable or disable an object snap press the Snap button and then select the corresponding item. How to use object snaps When using a CAD command is requested to indicate a point, click on the considered drawing object a nearby the considered point; it will be shown a symbol on the identified position. The symbol represent the type of snap used to identify the position. CAD - 35

36 If the option Snap confirmation is enabled, the software waits for confirmation of position through a click on the symbol. Snap on topographic points Definition of coordinates of a topographic point can be obtained using NODE snap or typing, when position of the point is requested, the name of the same topographic point. Drawing functions The drawing commands allow adding new objects to the drawing. Command Drawing Object Lines and polylines Arcs Circles Circles by 3 points Text Parcel Topographic point Description Indicate points composing the object line or polyline. Indicate points composing arc. Indicate the center of the circle and set value of the radius or indicate passing through point. Indicate 3 points composing the circle. Indicate inserting point and the type the text and set dimension, angle and direction. Enter the name and properties of the parcel; then indicate vertexes of the parcel. To close the parcel indicate again first vertex. Vertexes of the parcel must be topographic points. Indicate inserting position and then parameters as name, code, description etc. For a precision drawing use object snaps or type the name of the point from which a line vertex must start or end. Editing and new points creation functions (COGO) The editing commands allow you to make changes to the drawing and to create new objects starting from existing objects Drawing functions

37 Command Edit Deleting objects The command Delete allows to delete selected objects. Select single objects or trace a selection window. Offset Offset command allows creating a new object, parallel to the existing object at a preset distance. Request Select object Point or value Select solution Number of iterations Description Select desired object Indicate the passing through point or the offset distance The software proposes two possible solutions; select desired one. Numbers of consecutive offset operations to execute. Distance intersection The command Int.2Dist calculates position of a new topographic point located at a certain distance from two reference points. Request First point First distance Second point Second distance Select solution Description Indicate first reference point Indicate distance between point to calculate and reference point Indicate second reference point Indicate distance between point to calculate and reference point The software proposes two possible solutions; select desired one. Set name of the point and its parameters. Intersection The command Int.4Pnt calculates position of a new topographic point on the intersection point of two lines. Request First point Description Indicate first point of first line CAD - 37

38 Second point Third point Fourth point Insert point Indicate second point of first line Indicate first point of second line Indicate second point of second line Confirm to insert point Set name of the point and its parameters Distance and offset The command Dst. Offset calculates position of a new topographic point referred to a reference point. Request Select object Distance Offset Select solution Description Select reference object from which calculate the point position Distance along the reference object Distance from the reference object The software proposes two possible solutions; select desired one Set name of the point and its parameters. Divide Divide command creates topographic points along a reference object subdividing it in a defined number of parts. Request Select object Number of parts First point name Description Select reference object along which create topographic points Number of parts on which divide the object Name of the first topographic point to create Measure The command Measure creates topographic points along a reference object at a constant distance. Request Select object Segment length First point name Description Select the reference object along which to create topographic points Distance of insertion among points; setting a length value of 0 they will be inserted only corresponding to vertexes of the polyline Name of the first topographic point to create Information commands Information commands allow to obtain different information from drawing and from present objects Information commands

39 Command Info ID Coordinates of a point The command ID gives information about indicated position. Request Indicate point Description Indicate position; if position corresponds to a topographic point a window will appear allowing to view and edit the point s data; otherwise coordinates of the indicated position are shown. Distance between two points The command Dist.ce gives information about distance between two points. Request First point Second point Description Indicate first reference point Indicate second reference point The software shows distance between selected points and other information as azimuth, slope etc. Distance point-object The command Dist.Obj gives information about distance between a point and an object. Request Reference point Select object Description Indicate reference point Indicate the object in reference with to calculate distance. Software shows: - distance of the point referring to the object - the chain distance where is the projection of the point Button Create Pt. allows to create a point on the projection of the point on the object. Angle The command Angle gives information about angle among three points. CAD - 39

40 Request Center angle First point Second point Description Indicate the center of the angle Indicate first point Indicate second point The software shows angle contained and complementary angle. Area The command Area gives the area of the polygon identified by some points. Request First point Next point Description Indicate first point of the sequence Indicate next point of the sequence The software shows area, perimeter and barycenter of the polygon. List The command List gives general information about selected object. Request Select object Description Indicate object Find topographic point The command Find brings up in the graphic window a topographic point. Request Name of the point Description Name of the topographic point to find Contextual toolbar Points Selecting a topographic point without having any active command it will appear the following toolbar with contextual commands for the selected points. Command Stakeout ID Dist. DistObj Executes stakeout procedure on selected point. For further information go to chapter Stakeout. Enters the window allowing to view and to edit point s data. Allows to calculate distance from selected point to another point to indicate in the graphic window Allows to calculate distance from selected point to a drawing object to indicate on the graphic window 40 - Contextual toolbar Points

41 Delete Deletes selected point To restore main toolbar is sufficient de-select point touching another part of the graphic window. Contextual toolbar CAD objects Selecting a drawing object without having any active command it will appear the following toolbar with contextual commands for the selected object. Command Stakeout List Delete Executes stakeout procedure on selected object Gives information about selected object Deletes selected point To restore main toolbar is sufficient de-select point touching another part of the graphic window. CAD - 41

42 Survey points, measures and codes manager This series of commands allows to access to numeric data present in the job; it s possible to access to topographic points table, to field measures and to survey codes managing. Topographic points Topographic points are all those positions having a name and some further features; they can come from direct measuring, from manual inserting or from importing from external files. Table reports a list of all topographic points present in the job; the points are listed according to inserting order so in the first place there is the last point inserted. It s visualized an icon specifying the origin of the point, its name, code and coordinates. Selecting a point some buttons appear allowing to do particular actions on it. Creating a new point Hit New button to create a new point. First step of the guided procedure allows to define following parameters: Name and coordinates Point Name of the point Allows to switch plane coordinates or geographic coordinates of the point NEZ Latitude/Longitude/ Height Plane coordinates of the point Geographic coordinates of the point Hit Next to move to next step. Code and properties Code Description Survey code of the point; the button allows entering the library of codes and selecting one from the list Extent description of the point Hit Next to move to next step allowing to insert a sketch associated to the point. To associate sketches to points you need Hit End to complete data saving. module. Editing a point Hit Modify button to enter the window allowing to edit selected point data. The content of the window is the same of what just seen for creation of a new point Topographic points

43 Viewing point on CAD Hit Open CAD button to open graphic window reporting on top the selected point. Stakeout of a point Hit Stakeout button to execute stakeout of the selected point. For further information see chapter Stakeout of points. Deleting a point Hit Delete button to delete the selected point. Deleting a group of points Hit Tools button and then Delete points. Command Description Click on symbols to select and de-select points to delete Select all Delete Cancel Select all points of the table Deletes selected points Returns to standard functioning mode of the table Changing view of point data In the table it s possible to view plane or geographic coordinates of the point; to change view hit Tools button and then View LLH to view geographic coordinates and View NEZ to view plane coordinates. Finding a point Hit Tools button and then Find Point; indicate name of the point to find; if the point is found it s brought on top in the table and selected. Managing sketches associated to points In all procedures allowing to create a new point you can associate a sketch. To draw use the pencil inside corresponding area. The other available commands are the following: Command Delete Undo Redo Description Deletes sketch Cancels last drawing operation Restores last drawing operation previously cancelled When points are exported in AutoCAD DXF format, also images corresponding to sketches are exported and connection with points is maintained; inside AutoCAD pressing button CTRL in correspondence of the point the associated sketch will be seen. Survey points, measures and codes manager - 43

44 Field book Field book reports the chronological list of all measures done on the field. Measures are listed according to their acquisition order so at first place you find the last measure recorded. You find an icon specifying the kind of measure, the origin of the point, the name of the point recorded, code, description and other information. Selecting a measure some buttons appear allowing to execute particular operations on it. Adding a note Hit Note button to add a descriptive note in the field book; it can be text or a sketch. First page allows to insert description; hit Next to move to next page and draw a sketch. To add a sketch you need Hit End to save note. module. Editing a measure Hit Modify button to enter the window allowing to edit some data of the measure. You can edit only some of the data reported in the different pages although they are reported all. Value Antenna height Code Description Sketch Description Height of the antenna Code of the point Extent description of the point Sketch associated to the point Hit End to save modifications done. Changing of the antenna height will determinate a new calculation of the elevation of corresponding topographic point. Deleting a measure Hit Delete button to delete selected measure. Deleting a group of measures Hit Tools button and then Delete measures button. Command Description Click on symbols to select and de-select measures to delete. Select all Delete Cancel Select all measures from the table Delete selected measures Returns to standard functioning mode of the table 44 - Field book

45 Find a measure Hit Tools button and then Find Measure; indicate name of the measure to find; if the measure is found it s brought on top in the table and selected. Reference points Table of Reference points allows to manage all topographic points of known coordinates that can be therefore used in several situations as reference points and check points. Functioning of the table is the same as Topographic points table. Survey codes Survey codes allow identifying with precision every point and to make automatic many graphic restitution operations and completion operations of the survey drawing. To the code you can associate not only an extent description but also a symbol and a layer; making this the points, basing on their associated code, are represented with a particular symbol and on a particular layer. It s possible creating different libraries of codes and using them in the different jobs; in every moment you can change current library with another one. The Survey codes table reports the list of the survey codes of the current library. For every code, apart from its value, it s reported the symbol and the extent description. Note. Codes libraries are saved in distinct files inside Codes folder of the software; files have XML extension. Creating a new code Hit New button to create a new code. First step of the guided procedure allows to define following parameters: Name and coordinates Code Description Layer Type Code Extent description Layer associated to the point; click on the field to enter the list of layers Type of code; not used Hit Next to move to the next step where is requested to select the symbol associated to the point. Hit End to save data of the code. Survey points, measures and codes manager - 45

46 Editing a code Hit Modify button to enter the window allowing editing data of the selected code. The content of the window is the same as what still seen for creating a new code. Deleting a code Hit Delete button to delete selected code. Deleting a group of codes Hit Tools button and then Delete codes item. Command Description Click on symbols to select and de-select codes to delete Select all Delete Cancel Select all codes from the table Delete selected codes Returns to standard functioning mode of the table Creating a new library Hit Tools button and then New library item; assign a name to the new library to be created. The table present itself as empty and ready to insert new codes. Loading an existing library Hit Tools button and then Load library item; select option Library X PAD and then select file corresponding to the library to load. Importing a list of codes from ASCII files Hit Tools button and then Load library item; select option Text file (ASCII) and then select file corresponding to the text file to load. Importing options are the following: Parameters Data Scheme Separator Heading rows Codes The software proposes the importing schemes for actually available codes; select a scheme or select * Customized * to proceed in creating your own scheme. Character separating content of different fields. Number of rows composing the heading of the file and that won t be therefore imported. Hit Next to proceed with the guided procedure. A table reports the list of field that can be imported; if you selected the * Customized * scheme it s possible to change the importation order of a filed using buttons Move up and Move down. Hit Next to proceed with the guided procedure; a preview of importing result is shown. Hit Next Survey codes

47 Save scheme Save scheme Name scheme If you selected the * Customized * scheme it s possible to save settings of a scheme. Name of the scheme to create. Hit Import to launch importation. Note. Importation/exportation schemes are saved on files having PSC extension in folder Schemes of the software. Exporting current library Hit Tools button and then Save a library copy item; assign a name to save current library. Survey points, measures and codes manager - 47

48 Coordinate systems Coordinate system allows calculating plane coordinate of all points measured with GPS instrument. In the absence of a coordinate system only the geographic coordinate of the points are recorded but you can t see them on the graphic window. The coordinate system is composed by the methods to use to calculate coordinate and elevation. Coordinate system Planimetric Following options are available: Systems No system Local Single point Local Multi points Cartographic system Description No coordinate system is adopted It s created a system based on a local projection referred to an origin point. It s created a local system based on using couples of points for which are known both geographic coordinate both corresponding plane local coordinate. Passing from geographic coordinate to plane coordinate happens by using a transformation datum and by application of a cartographic projection. Local system Single point Select option Local Single point and hit Next button. Specify coordinate of the reference point of the system; if it s still present a point having the desired coordinate you can call it typing the name, selecting it from the graphic or from the tables. It s possible to acquire current position hitting Measure Here button; it will be opened a window allowing to define the antenna height and to acquire current position. Hit Next to proceed with the guided procedure. Specify local coordinate corresponding to reference point; if it s still present a point having the desired coordinate you can call it typing the name, selecting it from the graphic or from the tables. Local system Multi points Select option Local Multi points and hit Next button. Table reports the couples of points to use for calculation of the local system. For every couple it s possible to decide if using data for planimetric transformation calculation and for altimetric transformation calculation; basing on available information the software will choose automatically the method to use in calculation of plane coordinate. For every couple are also reported the calculated deviation regarding coordinate and elevations Coordinate system Planimetric

49 Hit New to add a new couple of points; specify geographic coordinate of the point; if it s still present a point having the desired coordinate you can call it typing the name, selecting it from the graphic or from the tables. It s possible to acquire current position hitting Measure here button; it will be opened a window allowing to define the antenna height and to acquire current position. Hit Next to proceed with the guided procedure. Specify local coordinate corresponding to reference point; if it s still present a point having the desired coordinate you can call it typing the name, selecting it from the graphic or from the tables. Cartographic system Select option Cartographic system and hit Next button. In defining cartographic system it s possible to choose among one of the default systems or to define completely your own system with all parameters Field Name Projection Datum Ellipsoid Description Name to assign to system Cartographic projection to use Datum to use for passing from WGS84 ellipsoid to cartographic system ellipsoid. Click on the field to enter the window reporting the list of default datum and user created datum. Button New allows to create your own datum. The cartographic system ellipsoid. Click on the field to enter the window reporting the list of default ellipsoids and user created ellipsoids. Button New allows creating your own ellipsoid. Button Tools allows loading a default cartographic system and saving current system to be used in other jobs. Hit Next to proceed with the guided procedure. Basing on the cartographic projection selected corresponding parameters are proposed. Coordinate system Elevation About calculation of the elevation of the points following options are available: Systems WGS84 ellipsoid height Reference ellipsoid height Elevation local system Geoid Description The height on WGS84 ellipsoid is maintained It s assigned the height referred to reference ellipsoid of the cartographic system (only if a cartographic system has been set) It s calculated the elevation basing on data of the local system (only if a local system has been set) Elevation is interpolated by a geoid model Coordinate systems - 49

50 Exporting current coordinate system Parameters and settings of a coordinate system can be saved in an external file to be used in other jobs related to the same zone. Hit Tools button and select Save current system; type the name to assign to the file and the folder to save. Note. Files containing coordinate systems have PCS extension. Loading a coordinate system Hit Tools button and select Load system item. Select file to load. Report of current coordinate system Hit Tools button and select Report item ; type the name to assign to the file of the report and the folder to save. It will be created a file for Microsoft Excel (CSV format) containing detailed information about currently used coordinate system Exporting current coordinate system

51 Starting a GPS base Starting a GPS base is a main operation and it s the first thing to do when you work with a couple of receivers; first receiver (base) will remain in a fixed position on the ground and send corrections via radio to the second one (rover) which is free to move on the ground, according to radio range, and acquire or stakeout positions. Note. Commands allowing to start a base are available only when it has been set a GPS instrument profile in BASE mode. If current profile is related to a GPS receiver defined as a BASE the software presents only two menu: Job menu allowing to manage current job data and Start base menu to make operative the BASE receiver in the desired modes. Starting a base on a known position Command allowing to assign to the base a known WGS94 geographic position. Assign the name corresponding to position of the base, code and antenna height. If the point hasn t been inserted yet, it will be created by the procedure basing on data that will be set in next steps. Hit Next to proceed with the guided procedure. If a still existing point is selected its corresponding geographic and local coordinate are shown, but it s not possible to modify them; if instead the point hasn t been created yet it s possible to set WGS84 geographic coordinate of the base; if it has been set a coordinate system it s possible to assign coordinate to the base specifying its local coordinate; local coordinate are automatically transformed in geographic coordinate. Hit Next to proceed with the guided procedure. Local system Create local system on the base This option allows creating, at the same time of programming the base, a local coordinate system on 1 point having the base as reference point. If the option is activated it s possible to specify local coordinate corresponding to the position of the base. Hit Next to proceed with the guided procedure. Base setting Start base Hit button to execute a complete programming of the base and to start functioning. Starting a GPS base - 51

52 In this phase receiver acquires current position and check that there isn t a deviation over five seconds between inserted position and current position. At the end of configuration procedure the base is operative and it s possible to connect the controller to the rover receiver. Starting a base on current position Command allowing to assign to the base the current approximated position. Assign the name to be referred to the base, code and antenna height. The point, corresponding to position of the base will be created by the procedure basing on data that will be set in next steps. Hit Next to proceed with the guided procedure. Hit Measure here to acquire current position. Hit Next to proceed with the guided procedure. Local system Create local system on the base This option allows creating, at the same time of programming the base, a local coordinate system on 1 point having the base as reference point. If the option is activated it s possible to specify local coordinate corresponding to the position of the base. Hit Next to proceed with the guided procedure. Base setting Start base Hit button to execute a complete programming of the base and to start functioning. At the end of configuration procedure the base is operative and it s possible to connect the controller to the rover receiver. Starting a base with previous settings Command allowing to repeat programming of the base using previous programming data. Guided procedure shows coordinate that will be assigned to the base and then proceeds to configuration Starting a base on current position

53 GPS Survey of points This chapter illustrates commands allowing to measure points with GPS instruments; several operative modes are treated. Note. Commands to measure points are available when a GPS instrument profile has been set in ROVER mode. Points surveying Procedure allowing to measure and record points position, even in situations where point to be measured it s not directly measurable with receiver. Window shows in the upper part a panel reporting all main information about receiver. Receiver status Indicates precision level reached; indicates maximum precision reached indicates that maximum precision hasn t been reached yet Current precision for coordinate (H) and elevation (V) Traffic light, or, indicates if precision level previously set in survey parameters has been reached; epochs are acquired only when precision has been reached. Antenna, or, indicates if receiver is receiving corrections. Text in the lower part reports the type of quality of position: RTK Fixed, RTK Mobile, DGPS, Autonomous. GPS Survey of points - 53

54 Number of satellites, for GPS and GLONASS constellations actually tracing. Note. Clicking on the panel you enter the window of GPS status. In the center part the window shows, according to type of setting, the graphic view indicating current position or numeric values of current position. Note. Making double click in the graphic part you enter main CAD window. Data requested for point recording are the following: Field Point Code Antenna height Name of next point to measure Code to assign to next point to measure Receiver antenna height In the lower part a tool bar allows to enter a menu of advanced functions and point measuring commands. Quick point measuring Command Measure-Save Measuring of current position and direct saving of the point. Stop Allows to stop measuring. The command starts to acquire position for a number of epochs previously set in surveying parameters. Epochs are acquired if conditions set in Accuracy check are satisfied; otherwise the software remains waiting until a manual stop or till when conditions are satisfied. Reaching the preset number of epochs the point is recorded. The name of next point is automatically proposed. Note. You can stop measuring, when preset conditions are not satisfied, and proceed however to record point. Note. For further information about Accuracy check see Accuracy check in this chapter. Points measuring Command 54 - Points surveying

55 Measure Measuring of current position. Stop Allows to stop measuring. The command begins acquisition of position for the number of epochs preset in surveying parameters. Epochs are acquired if conditions set in Accuracy check are satisfied; otherwise the software remains waiting until a manual stop or till when conditions are satisfied. Note. You can stop measuring, when preset conditions are not satisfied, and proceed however to record point. Note. For further information about Accuracy check see Accuracy check in this chapter. When reached the preset number of epochs the command proceeds requesting confirmation of the following data: Field Point Antenna height Code Description Sketch Name of the point to record Antenna height at the moment of point acquisition Code associated to point Extent description of the point Activates sketch associated to the point Hit Next to proceed and complete measuring. Next window shows a resume of all data of the measuring. Hit Save to proceed in recording of the point. The name of next point is automatically proposed. Hidden points Hidden points are positions where receiver can t acquire precise coordinate due to poor visibility of satellites. To acquire however position the software uses some artifices integrating, to GPS position, measuring of distances and slopes. Measuring hidden points by intersection of two distances Hidden points intersection of two distances Tools Hidden Dist-Dist Calculates position of a point basing on two distances between two reference points. GPS Survey of points - 55

56 A guided procedure allows to define two reference points, distances and to select desired solution. Data relative to first reference point are requested. First point (A) Reference point (A) Measure A Point A Distance from A Height difference from A Select mode to define first reference point: To measure: reference point has not been yet measured. Point already measured: reference point has been still measured. Allows to measure reference point. Allows to choose reference point typing its name or selecting it on the graphic window or on the table. Distance of the point to measure from the reference point. Height difference of the point to measure from the reference point. Hit Next to proceed with the guided procedure. Second point (B) Reference point (B) Measure B Point B Distance from B Height difference from B Select mode to define second reference point: To measure: reference point has not been yet measured. Point already measured: reference point has been still measured. Allows to measure reference point. Allows to choose reference point typing its name or selecting it on the graphic window or on the table. Distance of the point to measure from the reference point. Height difference of the point to measure from the reference point. Hit Next to proceed with the guided procedure. Calculation is executed and in the graphic window are shown the reference points and the two possible solutions. Select desired solution clicking on the semiplane containing solution 1 or solution 2. Solution selected that will be used is represented in red color. Note. When selecting solution we recommend to move receiver toward the point to measure; position of the receiver is shown on the graphic window helping so to understand which one of the two solutions is the desired one. Hit Next to proceed with the guided procedure. Data of the measured point by intersection of two distances are requested: 56 - Points surveying

57 Point Point Code Description Sketch Name of the measured point Code to assign to measured point Description to assign to the measured point Sketch to assign to the point. To associate a sketch you need module. Hit End to complete procedure and record the point. When ended registration it s possible to decide if continue to measure other hidden points or to come back to main measuring window. Measuring hidden points by distance and offset Hidden points Distance and offset Tools Hidden Dist.Offset Calculates position of a point referring to an alignment defined by two reference points. A guided procedure allows to define two reference points, distance and position referring to alignment and to check desired solution. Data referring to reference points are requested. Reference points Reference point (A) Measure A Point A Reference point (B) Measure B Point B Select mode to define second reference point: To measure: reference point has not been yet measured. Point already measured: reference point has been still measured. Allows to measure reference point. Allows to choose reference point typing its name or selecting it on the graphic window or on the table. Select mode to define second reference point: To measure: reference point has not been yet measured. Point already measured: reference point has been still measured. Allows to measure reference point. Allows to choose reference point typing its name or selecting it on the graphic window or on the table. Hit Next to proceed with the guided procedure. Distance & Offset Reference Distance from B Reference distance along the alignment can be referred to starting point (A) or ending point (B). Distance along the alignment, and referred to point A or B, of the projection of the point to measure. GPS Survey of points - 57

58 Offset Height difference Distance of the point to measure in reference with defined alignment; position of the point referring to alignment (left or right) is decided after in the graphic window. Height difference of the point to measure referring to reference point A or B. Hit Next to proceed with the guided procedure. It s executed the calculation and are shown in the graphic window the two reference points and the two possible solutions: to the right or to the left referring to the alignment. Select desired solution clicking on the semi-plane containing solution 1 or solution 2. Solution selected that will be used is represented in red color. Note. When selecting solution we recommend to move receiver toward the point to measure; position of the receiver is shown on the graphic window helping so to understand which one of the two solutions is the desired one. Hit Next to proceed with the guided procedure. Data of the measured point by intersection of alignment and offset are requested: Point Point Code Description Sketch Name of the measured point Code to assign to measured point Description to assign to the measured point Sketch to assign to the point. To associate a sketch you need module. Hit End to complete procedure and record the point. When ended registration it s possible to decide if continue to measure other hidden points or to come back to main measuring window. Accuracy check Surveying settings allow to define parameters to use during points measuring. Setup Tools Setup Enter the window of settings of surveying and stakeout settings. GPS survey Accuracy check Epochs Number of epochs to acquire for every measure 58 - Points surveying

59 Accuracy check Horizontal Vertical Activates accuracy check; the epoch is accepted if it satisfy the preset precision conditions. Maximum horizontal precision to accept the measure. Maximum vertical precision (elevation) to accept the measure. Hit Next to proceed with the guided procedure; other settings concerning the automatic surveying of points and stakeout are proposed. Go on till last page and hit End to save modifications done. Inserting a note During surveying it s possible to add in the field book some notes and sketches that can be helpful when working on acquired data in the office. Setup Tools Note Enter the window allowing to insert a new note. Field note Date/Time Description Sketch Date and time of the note Description note Activates the possibility to add a sketch to the point. To associate a sketch you need note. module. Hit End to complete procedure and record the Field book During surveying it can be helpful to enter in the field book to check data and sometime to correct wrong data about antenna height, code and description. Field book Tools Measures Enter the window of the field book. For further information about the field book please refer to Field Book chapter. Editing view Points measuring window has two view mode of data: one showing current position on a graphic window or another analytic view showing numeric values of latitude, longitude, height and plane coordinates. GPS Survey of points - 59

60 Field book Text mode Activates numeric view. CAD Activates graphic view Automatic surveying of points Automatic surveying allows to acquire automatically the positions of the points basing on elapsed distance or elapsed time rules. Before starting to acquire points it s possible to set functioning parameters and rules. Auto survey Mode Mode to use for automatic survey of points: - Time: position is acquire at preset intervals of time - 2D distance: position is acquired at preset intervals of horizontal distance - 3D distance: position is acquired at preset intervals of 3D distance - Stop & Go: position is acquired in stop & go mode; when the antenna remains in still position the software begins to acquire position. GPS Auto survey Time mode Measure every (sec) Set the interval of time between every automatic acquisition of position GPS Auto survey 2D Distance Measure every Set the interval of horizontal distance that must be between position to acquire and previously acquired position. GPS Auto survey 3D Distance Measure every Set the interval of 3D distance that must be between position to acquire and previously acquired position. GPS Auto survey Stop & Go Stop time (sec) Defines the time spent on the point to allow the acquisition of the position Automatic surveying of points

61 Max. movement antenna Maximum movement allowed to consider the antenna still; when the software recognize that the antenna remains almost still with a movement less than maximum value, it begins acquisition of position for the preset stop time. Hit Next to progress with the window of acquisition of the points. Note. The window functions in the same way of the simple surveying window. For further information please refer to previous chapter Survey of points. Startup of the automatic measuring Command Start Auto Starts automatic measuring of points. The point number is automatically increased at every recorded point. Stop Allows stopping measuring. Position is acquired if conditions set in Accuracy check are satisfied; otherwise the software remains waiting until a manual stop or till when conditions are satisfied. The command recognizes automatically when condition for recording is reached evaluating time elapsed or the distance elapsed; when reaching condition of recording the point is recorded. Surveying with recording of data for Post-Processing When you have available your own base antenna and it s not possible to connect to a network of permanent stations, it s possible to exploit a feature present in many receivers allowing to record all data in surveying session in a proprietary format file or in standard formats file as RINEX. These data can be used in post-processing elaborations in the office to obtain precise coordinates. To activate this mode, it s necessary to define an instrument profile in which it has been activated the option Record data for post-processing, for more information, refer to Instrument setup chapter. When using a profile with the option Record data for post-processing activated it s possible to use commands Survey points and Auto-survey points, illustrated in previous paragraphs, in the traditional way but having in parallel the recording of raw data by the receiver. In this file created by the receiver will be present the point with all the kinematic chain. The file created by the receiver, at the end of the survey, has to be transferred for a post-processing with a dedicated software which will provide the adjusted coordinates. When starting command it appears a window allowing to define some parameters necessary to execute recording of data of the session by the receiver. Such requests are different according to the model of the receiver. GPS Survey of points - 61

62 GeoMax Zenith 10/20 GNSS Survey Post-Processing Log frequency Number of measures Frequency with which to record data for post-processing. Number of epochs to acquire for every point. With the Zenith 10/20 receiver it s possible only to record data for post-processing and so of the entire kinematic chain without information related to measured points. Hit Next to progress in the window of acquisition of the points. Functioning of the window is the one explained in the two previous chapters, Survey points and Autosurvey points. Static survey This command allows to record static data of the position of the receiver for a further elaboration with post-processing software allowing to determinate precise coordinates. When starting the command it appears a window allowing to define some parameters necessary to execute recording of data of the session by the receiver. Such requests are different according to the model of the receiver. GeoMax Zenith 10/20 GNSS Survey Post-Processing Log file prefix Log frequency Occ. time Prefix to assign to the log file that will contain data of the occupation. It s created a file for every point; the name of the file comes from the composition of the prefix and of the name of the point. The log files are recorded inside the receiver and have to be therefore transferred in to the PC with the specific cable. The files have to be then transformed in RINEX files using the specific STH2RINEX application. Frequency with which to record data for post-processing. Occupation time of the point; it s possible to set a default time or to choose the Manual option. In this case the stop of the occupation of the point has to be made by the user. Hit Next to proceed and go to the window of static measuring of points. Functioning of the window is the one explained in the two previous chapters, Survey points and Auto-survey points. Starting occupation Command 62 - Static survey

63 Start occupation Starts static measuring of the position. Receiver begins data recording inside the controller or in its internal memory. Stop Occupation Allows to stop measuring. If it has been defined the time of occupation it will be shown a counter of the time remaining to completion of the procedure; otherwise it s shown a counter of the time elapsed from the beginning of the occupation. At the end of the occupation or after a stop the command asks a confirmation of the following data: Field Point Antenna height Code Description Sketch Name of the point to record Height of the antenna at the moment of the acquisition of the point. Code associated to the point Extent description associated to the point Activates the possibility to associate a sketch to the point. Hit Next to proceed and complete measuring. The next window shows a summary of all data of the measuring. Hit Save to proceed in recording of the point. The name of the next point is automatically proposed. GPS Survey of points - 63

64 Stakeout with GPS Stakeout procedures allow to provide to the operator the information in graphic, numeric and vocal format, to reach a point, an element or in general a particular position. A wide range of options and operative modes are available. Before proceeding with stakeout it s necessary to define with precision the coordinates system of the job in order to guarantee the correct matching between surveyed positions and positions to stakeout. If no coordinates system is set you can perform only stakeout of positions defined in WGS84 coordinates. Note. Commands to measure points are available when a GPS instrument profile has been set in ROVER mode. Stakeout information Information provided by the software during stakeout of a position are quite common and similar in all modes; whether you are doing stakeout of a point, of an element or of a position by offset, the software provides indications to reach position to stakeout using a common scheme. Receiver information The main stakeout window shows, in the upper part, a panel reporting all main information concerning receiver. Receiver status Indicates precision level reached; indicates maximum precision reached indicates that maximum precision hasn t been reached yet Current precision for coordinate (H) and elevation (V) Traffic light, or, indicates if precision level previously set in survey parameters has been reached; epochs are acquired only when precision has been reached. Antenna, or, indicates if receiver is receiving corrections. Text in the lower part reports the type of quality of position: RTK Fixed, RTK Mobile, DGPS, Autonomous. Number of satellites, for GPS and GLONASS constellations actually tracing. Note. Clicking on the panel you enter the window of GPS status. Stakeout information The main part of the central panel presents itself in different ways depending on settings and on view modes Stakeout information

65 Stakeout information This panel shows a compass indicating, with respect to the current direction, the direction of the position to reach. In the lower part is reported the distance of the point This view mode is when you are at more than a meter distance from the position to reach. The arrow of the compass is red when receiver hasn t reached yet the precision check preset. When distance from the position to reach is less than one meter it appears this view mode. Indications provided and position indicated are referred to position of the North or to position of the Sun. When you are quite near the position to reach four traffic lights appear on the corners and they become green when you reach, inside tolerance values, requested position. Graphic visualization of the current position and of the position to reach. On the right side a panel reports numeric indications to reach position. Indications are referred to the North or to the Sun. First value is referred to distance Forward-Backward. Second value is referred to distance Right-Left. Third value specifies the elevation difference. Stakeout tolerance Reaching of position happens when the distance between current position and the position to reach is less or the same as Stakeout Tolerance. Stakeout tolerance is set in the Survey and Stakeout parameters. From every stakeout procedure it s possible to enter in the stakeout parameters and to check tolerance value. Information referring to North or to Sun The information provided in the panel on the right are referred to the North or to the Sun. To read properly the distance values it s necessary therefore turning toward the North or toward the Sun. Buttons allow to change the reference element. Stakeout with GPS - 65

66 Graphic and analytic view To move from analytic to graphic view use buttons. Another way is to double click on the graphic window and on the window containing numeric values. Vocal information The software guides the user with vocal information allowing, most of all when you are far from the point, to arrive near the point without having to look always on the controller. A tone tells when is reached, inside preset tolerance limits, the desired position. To enable and disable vocal information use buttons. How to interpret information provided After having defined the position to reach we suggest to follow the following two rules to reach position in the most speedy and effective way. 1. When you are far from the point follow vocal indications even without looking always on the controller display; it s sufficient to listen what the software indicated about arriving directly near the position to reach. 2. Once you are arrived near the position, at a distance less than one meter, turn with the controller toward the North or toward the Sun, depending on the type of reference you chose. Move the antenna following indications present on the right side panel. A tone tells you when you reach position. Common operations in stakeout All stakeout operations have common operations and functions that are reported below. Measuring the point After having reached the stakeout position it s possible to record the point. Point measuring Measure Starts measuring of stakeout point. Stop Allows to stop measuring. The command starts acquisition of the position for the number of epochs preset in surveying parameters. Epochs are acquired if conditions set in Accuracy check are satisfied; otherwise the software remains waiting until a manual stop or till when conditions are satisfied. Note. For further information about Accuracy check see Accuracy check and Stakeout parameters in this chapter Common operations in stakeout

67 When reached the preset number of epochs the command proceeds showing some stakeout data: Hit Next to proceed and complete measuring with definition of data of the point to record. Field Point Code Description Sketch Name of the point to record Code associated to the point Extent description associated to the point Activates the possibility to associate a sketch to the point. Hit End to proceed in recording of the point. Stakeout data are recorded and it s possible to read them and export them from Stakeout report window. The next point to stake is automatically proposed by the software. Accuracy check and stakeout parameters Survey and stakeout settings allow to define parameters to use during measuring and stakeout of the points. Setup Tools Setup Enter the window of settings of surveying and stakeout settings. GPS stakeout Accuracy check Epochs Accuracy check Horizontal Vertical Number of epochs to acquire for every measure Activates accuracy check; the epoch is accepted if it satisfy the preset precision conditions. Maximum horizontal precision to accept the measure. Maximum vertical precision (elevation) to accept the measure. Hit Next to proceed with the guided procedure; other settings concerning the automatic surveying of points and stakeout are proposed. Hit Next. Stakeout - Parameters Tolerance Tolerance slope Vocal info Maximum distance between current position and position to reach to consider being on the stakeout position; if the distance between current position and the position to reach is less or the same than tolerance value, the software indicates that you have reached the stakeout position. Maximum difference between current slope and design slope; if the slope difference between current slope and design slope is less or the same as tolerance, the software highlights achieving of stakeout slope. Enables vocal information Stakeout with GPS - 67

68 Reference Complete drawing Defines reference to which are provided information to reach stakeout position. References can be: - North: information are provided with respect to the North; turn controller toward the North and follow indications. - Sun: information are provided with respect to the Sun; turn controller toward the Sun and follow indications. Enables viewing drawing information in the graphic window during stakeout operations. Hit End to save modifications done. Inserting a note During stakeout it s possible to add in the field book some notes and sketches that can be helpful when working on acquired data in the office. Setup Tools Note Enter the window allowing to insert a new note. Field note Date/Time Description Sketch Date and time of the note Description note Activates the possibility to add a sketch to the point. To associate a sketch you need note. module. Hit End to complete procedure and record the Stakeout of points The stakeout of points procedure allows the operator to define, in different modes, the position to reach and to be guided by the software on the position to reach in the fastest way possible Stakeout of points

69 Stakeout of points Type Antenna height Allows to choose the mode to define position to stake. Possible operations are: Topographic point: choose topographic point to stake; the point can be chosen typing the name or selecting it from the points table or from the graphic window. Coordinates ENZ: manual definition of coordinates East, North and Elevation to stake. Coordinates can be selected from the CAD drawing. Coordinates WGS84: manual definition of the WGS84 coordinates to stake. List of points: allows to create a list of topographic points to stake. Height of the receiver antenna. Stakeout of topographic points Topographic point Point Topographic point to stake; the point can be chosen typing the name or selecting it from the points table or from the graphic window. Stakeout of coordinates ENZ Coordinates ENZ E/N/Z Select Coordinates of the position to stake. Hit Select to define coordinates by selecting on the drawing of the graphic window. Stakeout of WGS84 coordinates Coordinates WGS84 Latitude, Longitude, Height Geographic coordinates of the position to stake. Stakeout of a list of points Hit Next to proceed in defining the list of points to stake. It appears a window in which the button Tools allows to execute main operations. Tools Load all points Select from table Select from CAD Load list from file Save list to file Delete list of points Loads in the list all the topographic points present in the job. Allows to select from the table topographic points to add to the list. Allows to select from the graphic window topographic points to add to the list. Allows to load the list from a file of points previously created. Saves the list of points on an external file to be loaded later. Deletes content of the list. Stakeout with GPS - 69

70 Selecting a point from the list you can change its position inside the list or delete it from the list. The icon aside every point identifies if the point has been still staked. Icon Point of the list that has been still staked. Point of the list not yet staked. Hit next to proceed with stakeout procedure. Stakeout procedure After having defined position to stake it appears the main stakeout window. In the upper part is reported the name of the point to stake and the current antenna height. In the lower part a tool bar allows to enter in to a menu of advanced functions and to access to commands to record the staked point. For information about functioning of the window and about the meaning of the provided information please refer to previous paragraph Stakeout information. Stakeout of the next point Next point to stakeout Next.pt It s possible to choose the next point to stake in following modes: Next point to stake 70 - Stakeout of points

71 Next Nearest From CAD From Table It is selected the next point, according to recording order, to current point. It is selected the nearest point, which hasn t been yet staked, to current point. Manual selection of the point to stake in the graphic window. Manual selection of the point to stake from the table. Stakeout of lines/arcs/objects This procedure allows to position with precision along geometric elements as lines, arcs or drawing elements. It s possible to define the element to stake in different modes: Stakeout of elements Type Antenna height Allows to choose mode to define element to stake. Possible options are: Line (2 points): line defined by two reference topographic points. Arc (3 points): arc defined by three reference topographic points. Arc (2 points +R): arc defined by two topographic points and by the radius. Drawing object: drawing element (line, polyline, arc, circle) to select in the graphic window. Receiver antenna height Hit Next to proceed with the definition of the element data to stake. Stakeout of line by 2 points Line by 2 points Point 1 Point 2 First point of the reference line Second point of the reference line Stakeout of arc by 3 points Arc by 3 points Point 1 Point 2 Point 3 First point of the reference arc Second point of the reference arc Third point of the reference arc Stakeout of arc by 2 points and radius Arc by 2 points and radius Point 1 Point 2 Starting point of the reference arc Ending point of the reference arc Stakeout with GPS - 71

72 Radius Clockwise arc Radius of the reference arc Direction of the reference arc Stakeout of CAD element It s requested to select from the graphic window the drawing element to stake. Hit Next to proceed with the stakeout procedure. Stakeout procedure After having defined the element to stake it appears the main stakeout window. In the lower part is reported the progressive distance and the current distance referring to the element to stake. A tool bar allows to enter in to a menu of advanced functions and to access to commands to record the staked point For information about functioning of the window and about the meaning of the provided information please refer to previous paragraph Stakeout information. Stakeout of lines/arcs/objects by offset This procedure allows to execute stakeout of a position calculated referring to a progressive distance and to an offset distance on a reference element. It s possible to define the reference element in different modes: 72 - Stakeout of lines/arcs/objects by offset

73 Stakeout of elements Type Antenna height Allows to choose mode to define element to stake. Possible options are: Line (2 points): line defined by two reference topographic points. Arc (3 points): arc defined by three reference topographic points. Arc (2 points +R): arc defined by two topographic points and by the radius. Drawing object: drawing element (line, polyline, arc, circle) to select in the graphic window. Receiver antenna height. Hit Next to proceed with the definition of the element data to stake. Stakeout by offset referring to a line by 2 points Line by 2 points Point 1 Point 2 First point of the reference line Second point of the reference line Stakeout by offset referring to an arc by 3 points Arc by 3 points Point 1 Point 2 Point 3 First point of the reference arc Second point of the reference arc Third point of the reference arc Stakeout by offset referring to an arc by 2 points and radius Arc by 2 points and radius Point 1 Point 2 Radius Clockwise arc Starting point of the reference arc Ending point of the reference arc Radius of the reference arc Direction of the reference arc Stakeout by offset referring to a CAD element It s requested to select from the graphic window the reference drawing element. Hit Next to proceed with the stakeout procedure defining the progressive distance and offset values. Offset parameters Station Interval Progressive distance, on the reference element, at which is the position to reach. Distance along the reference element that you want to maintain between the next stakeout points. The button on the right allows to calculate the interval dividing the length of the reference element in a defined number of parts. Stakeout with GPS - 73

74 Offset Height diff. Distance referring to reference element; the button aside allows to define if the desired position is on the right or on the left of the reference element. Elevation difference to apply to the calculated point; the software interpolates the elevation on the reference element with the defined progressive distance. To the interpolated elevation can be added a slope. Hit Next to start with stakeout of the calculated position. Stakeout procedure After having defined the reference element and the offset parameters it appears the main stakeout window. In the lower part is reported the progressive distance and the offset of the position. A tool bar allows to enter in to a menu of advanced functions and to access to commands to record the staked point. For information about functioning of the window and about the meaning of the provided information please refer to previous paragraph Stakeout information. Stakeout of the next point by offset Next point to stake Next pt. Comes back to page allowing to define the progressive distance and the offset on the stakeout element. It is proposed a progressive distance increased of the interval value. Stakeout of side slopes This function is available in Advanced module. This procedure allows to execute calculation and stakeout of the intersection point between the design side slope and the existing terrain; the position is calculated basing on a design slope and referring to a progressive distance and a offset distance on a reference element Stakeout of side slopes

75 The requests executed are exactly the same just seen in previous paragraph regarding stakeout by offset. To the previous questions it has been added a last page allowing to define the design slopes in both cut and fill conditions: Slopes Cut Fill Value of slope in cut condition (elevation of the receiver higher than the starting elevation of the side slope) Value of slope in fill condition (elevation of the receiver lower than the starting elevation of the side slope). Stakeout procedure After having defined the reference element and the offset parameters and the slopes, it appears the main stakeout window. In addition to the view modes analyzed in previous paragraphs, this procedure offers a graphic view of the transversal section in which it s reported the drawing of the design side slopes and the current position. To change the view mode use buttons and. The panel aside reports information to reach the point of intersection between the side slope and the existing terrain; information is provided referring to the North or to the Sun. The last information reports the current slope value and the direction to follow, on the perpendicular with respect to the reference element, to reach the value of the design slope. Stakeout with GPS - 75

76 Stakeout report All the stakeout data, both related to stakeout of points, both to stakeout of elements, are recorded in the job. This command allows their reading and exporting in a file with CSV extension that can be opened also with software as Microsoft Excel. A table present the list of all the stakeout points with differences, in distances and elevations, between the design coordinate and the stakeout coordinate. Hit button Export to create a file, in CSV format, with all stakeout data of every point Stakeout report

77 COGO COGO commands allow, both to create new points according to different methods, both to have information related to positions of the points as distances, angles etc., even referring to the current position of the receiver. Note. Measuring commands of the points are available when a GPS instrument profile has been set in ROVER mode. Inverse Inverse calculates the distance, and other information, between a reference element and a base point or between a reference element and current position. The reference element can be another point, a line, an arc or a drawing element. Calculation method Reference object Current position Antenna height Point Specify the reference element referring to which to execute calculation of the distance and of the other information. The reference element can be: - Point: distance between a base point and a reference point or between current position and the reference point. - Line (2 points): distance between a base point, or the current position, and a line passing by two points - Arc (3 points): distance between a base point, or current position, and an arc passing by three points - Arc (2 points+r): distance between a base point, or current position, and an arc passing by two points with known radius - Drawing object: distance between a base point, or current position, and a drawing element to select in the graphic window Activates calculation referring to current position of receiver instead of referring to a point Receiver antenna height; the field is shown if the option Current position is enabled. Base point in reference to which to execute calculation; the field is shown if the option Current position is disabled. Inverse referring to a point Calculation parameters Point 1 Reference point; it s calculated the distance between the base point and the reference point or between current position and the reference point. Hit Calculate to execute calculation; it s shown the distance and other values. If it has been enabled the option Current position values are calculated in real time basing on the position of the receiver. COGO - 77

78 Inverse referring to a line by 2 points Calculation parameters Point 1 Point 2 First point of the reference line Second point of the reference line Hit Calculate to execute calculation; it s shown the distance and other values. If it has been enabled the option Current position values are calculated in real time basing on the position of the receiver. Buttons Create point Stakeout Activates creation of a point on the projection of the base point, or of the current position, on the reference line. Activates stakeout procedure of the calculated position on the projection of the base point, or of the current position, on the reference line. Inverse referring to an arc by 3 points Calculation parameters Point 1 Point 2 Point 3 First point of the reference arc Second point of the reference arc Third point of the reference arc Hit Calculate to execute calculation; it s shown the distance and other values. If it has been enabled the option Current position values are calculated in real time basing on the position of the receiver. Buttons Create point Stakeout Activates creation of a point on the projection of the base point, or of the current position, on the reference arc. Activates stakeout procedure of the calculated position on the projection of the base point, or of the current position, on the reference arc. Inverse referring to an arc by 2 points and radius Calculation parameters Point 1 Point 2 Radius Clockwise arc Starting point of the reference arc Ending point of the reference arc Radius of the reference arc Direction of the reference arc Hit Calculate to execute calculation; it s shown the distance and other values. If it has been enabled the option Current position values are calculated in real time basing on the position of the receiver Inverse

79 Buttons Create point Stakeout Activates creation of a point on the projection of the base point, or of the current position, on the reference arc. Activates stakeout procedure of the calculated position on the projection of the base point, or of the current position, on the reference arc. Inverse referring to a CAD element It s requested to select from the graphic window the reference drawing element referring to which to calculate distance from the base point or from current position. Hit Calculate to execute calculation; it s shown the distance and other values. If it has been enabled the option Current position values are calculated in real time basing on the position of the receiver. Buttons Create point Stakeout Activates creation of a point on the projection of the base point, or of the current position, on the reference element. Activates stakeout procedure of the calculated position on the projection of the base point, or of the current position, on the reference element. Distance & Offset Distance & offset calculates coordinates of a point along a reference element and at a certain distance from it. Distance & offset Ref.ce Select the reference element among following options: - Line (2 points): line passing by 2 points - Arc (3 points): arc passing by 3 points - Arc (2 points+r): arc passing by 2 points with known radius - Drawing element: drawing element to select in the graphic window Distance & offset Line (2 points) Point 1 Point 2 First point of the reference line Second point of the reference line Distance & offset Arc (3 points) Point 1 Point 2 Point 3 First point of the reference arc Second point of the reference arc Third point of the reference arc COGO - 79

80 Distance & offset Arc (2 points + R) Point 1 Point 2 Radius Clockwise arc Starting point of the reference arc Ending point of the reference arc Radius of the reference arc Direction of the reference arc Distance & offset Drawing element Select from the graphic window the reference drawing element. Hit Next to proceed with the guided procedure. Parameters Distance along Offset on right Offset direction Height diff. Distance on which to position the point along the reference element Lateral distance at which to position the point referring to the reference element Position, right or left, of the point referring to reference element Height difference to apply to the interpolated elevation of the point Hit Calculate to proceed with calculation of the position of the point; the coordinates of the point and a graphic preview of the position are shown. Buttons Create point Stakeout Activates creation of the calculated point. Activates stakeout procedure of the calculated position. Intersection Intersection calculates coordinates of a point on the intersection between straight lines and circumferences definable in different ways: 80 - Intersection

81 Intersection Method Select the method to use for intersection calculation: - Double distance: the intersection position is calculated basing on the two distances referring to two reference points - Distance and azimuth: the intersection position is calculated basing on the distance from a reference point and along a straight line passing by the second reference point - Double azimuth: the intersection position is calculated on the intersection of two straight lines passing by two reference points - 4 points: the intersection position is calculated on the intersection of two straight lines passing by four reference points Intersection Double distance The intersection position is calculated basing on the two distances referring to two reference points. Intersection First point Point 1 Distance 1 First reference point Distance from first reference point Hit Next to proceed with the guided procedure. Intersection Second point Point 2 Distance 2 Second reference point Distance from second reference point Hit Calculate to proceed with calculation of the position of the point; the two possible solutions are shown: select on the graphic window the desired solution. Buttons Create point Stakeout Activates creation of the calculated point. Activates stakeout procedure of the calculated position. Intersection Distance and azimuth The intersection position is calculated basing on the distance from a reference point and along a straight line passing by the second reference point. Intersection First point Point 1 Distance 1 First reference point Distance from first reference point Hit Next to proceed with the guided procedure. COGO - 81

82 Intersection Second point Point 2 Azimuth Offset Offset direction Second reference point Azimuth of the straight line passing by the point Offset distance referring to the straight line passing by the point Offset direction, right or left, referring to the straight line passing by the point Hit Calculate to proceed with calculation of the position of the point; the two possible solutions are shown: select on the graphic window the desired solution. Buttons Create point Stakeout Activates creation of the calculated point. Activates stakeout procedure of the calculated position. Intersection double azimuth Intersection First point Point 1 Azimuth Offset Offset direction First reference point Azimuth of the straight line passing by the point Offset distance referring to the straight line passing by the point Offset direction, right or left, referring to the straight line passing by the point Hit Next to proceed with the guided procedure. Intersection Second point Point 2 Azimuth Offset Offset direction Second reference point Azimuth of the straight line passing by the point Offset distance referring to the straight line passing by the point Offset direction, right or left, referring to the straight line passing by the point Hit Calculate to proceed with calculation of the position of the point; the coordinates of the calculated point are shown. Buttons Create point Stakeout Activates creation of the calculated point. Activates stakeout procedure of the calculated position Intersection

83 Intersection 4 points Intersection First point Point 1 Point 2 Offset Offset direction First reference point of the first straight line Second reference point of the first straight line Offset distance referring to the straight line passing by the two points Offset direction, right or left, referring to the straight line passing by the two points Hit Next to proceed with the guided procedure. Intersection Second point Point 1 Point 2 Offset Offset direction First reference point of the second straight line Second reference point of the second straight line Offset distance referring to the straight line passing by the two points Offset direction, right or left, referring to the straight line passing by the two points Hit Calculate to proceed with calculation of the position of the point; the coordinates of the calculated point are shown. Buttons Create point Stakeout Activates creation of the calculated point. Activates stakeout procedure of the calculated position. Subdivision The command is able to execute a subdivision of area on a surface defined by a polyline, by a parcel or by a sequence of points. The subdivision line can be parallel or perpendicular to two reference points. Subdivision Contour of area Select the contour defining the area to subdivide: - Polyline/Parcel: hit Select and select from the graphic window the polyline or the parcel to subdivide. - List of points: hit Select and select from the graphic window the points delimiting the surface to subdivide. Hit Next to proceed with the guided procedure. COGO - 83

84 Subdivision Area to divide Method Point 1 and Point 2 Select area to subdivide Specify position of the division line referring to the reference points: - Parallel to 2 points: the division line will be parallel to reference points. - Perpendicular to 2 points: the division line will be perpendicular to reference points. Reference points referring to which to calculate the position of the division line. Select, in the graphic preview, the area referring to which to calculate the area to subdivide. Hit Next to proceed with the guided procedure. Subdivision Area to divide Type of area Total area Area (value) Area (%) Mode with which to define value of the area to subdivide: - Value: value of the area to subdivide. - % Percentage: value in percentage of the area to subdivide. Area of the defined surface. Value of the area to subdivide. Value in percentage of the area to subdivide. Hit Results to view the position of the crossing points: select on the graphic window the crossing point to record or to use for stakeout. Buttons Create point Stakeout Activates creation of the calculated point. Activates stakeout procedure of the calculated position Subdivision

85 Data import Import procedures allow to load points, drawings and other information from files in several format types. Importing from file in AutoCAD DXF format A DXF file containing drawing information and points can be loaded in the current job. Select DXF file to load; several different import options regarding topographic points are proposed. Import DXF Drawing points Blocks Object vertexes Start name Activates import of drawing points (POINT entity) as topographic points. Activates import of block reference (INSERT entity) as topographic points. Activates automatic creation of topographic points on objects vertexes. Nome to assign to the first point that will be imported. Importing from file in ASCII format It s possible to import a file of points in text format as topographic points or reference points. Import parameters can be saved in a scheme which can be loaded directly in next import and export procedures. Select the text file to load; import options are the following: Parameters Data Scheme Separator character Heading rows Select if you want to load the points as topographic points or as reference points. The actually available import schemes are proposed; select a scheme or select * Customized * to create your own scheme. Character separating content of the fields. Number of rows composing heading of the file and which will therefore not be imported. Hit Next to proceed with the guided procedure. A table reports the list of fields that can be imported; if it has been selected the * Customized * scheme it s possible to change the importing order of a field using buttons Move up and Move down. Hit Next to proceed with the guided procedure; it s shown a preview of import result. Hit Next. Data import - 85

86 Save scheme Save scheme Name scheme If it has been selected the * Customized * scheme it s possible to save settings in a scheme. Name of the scheme to create Hit Import to start importing. Note. Import/export schemes are saved in files with PSC extension in Schemes folder of the software. Importing from files in GSI format It s possible to import a file of points in GSI format. Select the GSI file to load; import options are the following: Parameters Data Select if you want to load the points as topographic points or as reference points. Hit Import to start importing Importing from files in GSI format

87 Export data Export procedures allow to export points, drawings and other information on files in several format types to be used on other applications. Exporting on file in AutoCAD DXF format The points of the job and the drawing can be exported in AutoCAD DXF format. Assign a name to the file to create and the saving folder. Hit Save to proceed. Several different export options are proposed. Export DXF Export points Label size As blocks Export sketches Export drawing Export 3D Activates exporting of the topographic points. Size of the texts of the labels of the topographic points. Activates exporting of the topographic points as AutoCAD blocks with attributes. Activates exporting of image files of the sketches associated to points; the images of the sketches are connected to points through a hyperlink. Activates exporting of the drawing of the job. Activates exporting of data with elevation. Hit Export to start exporting procedure. Exporting on file in ASCII format It s possible to export topographic points and reference points in ASCII customizable format. Export parameters can be saved in a scheme which can be loaded directly in next import and export procedures. Assign a name to the file to create and the saving folder. Hit Save to proceed. Parameters Data Scheme Separator character Select the type of data to export: topographic points or reference points. The actually available export schemes are proposed; select a scheme or select * Customized * to create your own scheme. Character separating content of the fields. Export data - 87

88 Hit Next to proceed with the guided procedure. A table reports the list of fields that can be exported; if it has been selected the * Customized * scheme it s possible to change the exporting order of a field using buttons Move up and Move down. Hit Next to proceed with the guided procedure; it s shown a preview of import result. Hit Next. Save scheme Save schema Name schema If it has been selected the * Customized * scheme it s possible to save settings in a scheme. Name of the scheme to create Hit Export to start exporting. Note. Import/export schemes are saved in files with PSC extension in Schemes folder of the software. Exporting on file in GSI format It s possible to export topographic points and reference points in GSI format. Assign a name to the file to create and the saving folder. Hit Save to proceed. Parameters Data Select the type of data to export: topographic points or reference points. Hit Export to start exporting. Exporting on file in 1200/Viva format for Topko It s possible to export topographic points, reference points and measures in a format that can be imported by SierraSoft Topko software. Assign a name to the file to create and the saving folder. Hit Save to proceed. Hit Export to start exporting. The procedure creates a file that can be imported in Topko as a file from data recorder in Leica System 1200/VIVA format. Exporting measures There is no explicit function to export measures acquired on the field due to information non uniformity existing among GPS measures, hidden points measures, total station measures etc Exporting on file in GSI format

89 However, every time a job is closed, it is created automatically the X PAD RAW file; the RAW file is a text file reporting the main settings of the job, the coordinates of the points and the chronologic list of the measures acquired with all the available information. To use measures and survey data with third party software we suggest using the RAW file. For further information about RAW file X PAD format please refer to corresponding guide. Export data - 89

90 Appendix Setup an Android phone as a WiFi Access Point With this procedure the Android phone becomes an access point through which other terminals can access the internet. Select item Settings and then Wireless and network. Select item Tethering and Router Wi-Fi. Activate option Router Wi-Fi. Select item Router Wi-Fi setting if you want to set a password or change the security mode Setup an Android phone as a WiFi Access Point

91 Setup an iphone as a WiFi Access Point With this procedure the iphone becomes an access point through which other terminals can access the internet. Select item Settings. Select Personal hotspot. If Wi-Fi is not currently enabled are prompted to activate it; select Activate Wi- Fi. Appendix - 91

92 Activate option Personal hotspot. Note the WiFi password below as necessary to allow connection of an external device. Connect a Windows Mobile controller to Internet through a WiFi access point After setting your mobile phone to work as WiFi access point, you can create a WiFi connection between the Windows Mobile controller and the phone to provide access to the internet from the controller. The whole procedure must be performed only at the first connection, then simply activate the Wi-Fi and Windows Mobile will automatically try to connect to the access point Connect a Windows Mobile controller to Internet through a WiFi access point

93 Turn on Wi-Fi and connect the controller to the Select Wi-Fi item from the Windows Mobile main screen. Activate the option Wi-Fi. Select item Menu and then item Wi-Fi Settings. Appendix - 93

94 All WiFi access points are listed. Select the desired access point: Press Next. Enter password and then press Next Connect a Windows Mobile controller to Internet through a WiFi access point

95 Press Finish to complete connection procedure. Windows Mobile is now connected to the desired access point. Deactivate Wi-Fi Select the item Wi-Fi from the main screen of Windows. Appendix - 95

96 Click on Wi-Fi to deactivate. Check the connection from X PAD To check the status of your Internet connection from X PAD, without having to exit the application, click Windows button on the keyboard controller Connect a Windows Mobile controller to Internet through a WiFi access point

97 The main menu of Windows appears from which select Settings and then the Connections tab. Select the item Wi-Fi. The window shows the list of available access points and the connection status. To return to X PAD click on the top bar that shows the icon X PAD. Appendix - 97

98