: [ ] (072.3) $$ %72 42

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2 : [ ] (072.3) $$ %72 42 &'()&*+(,-*( +( +./'/ 01&*(2.-+(2 *3454/4/ 3(67-89*(: 4- ;(87451*(: ;35<(8(=7: '.-:*5, ;.(4('(8? 4/09, :.., +('4(. ;35<(8(=71*5< *-/', ;.(A&3(., 18&*-'(.&3;(*+&*4 '.-:*5.., '-*+5+-4 ;35<(8(=71*5< *-/' 42!" #$#%$#$: $#!#-'$(# #)*+ '(:,*!+ '#$% /. C. $-.5D;(8&69, E.. -F+9(*(,-, (*&*'(,. G. (8/H&,-, I/* 4-7*.; K-.&+. E.. -F+9(*(,(:,. C. $-.5D;(896%..: 78&*7/), c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`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a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

34 ! 3/3;78934,7 65.'/82S *-F3'8-+*7D5F,5+ 7*A(.)-67:, *-F,5U- A(.)- /;(.%+'(,-*(=(,7+(H.-V&**% +7F3*(347. `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`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`% 7*A(.)-67% *-I5,-S493%!). 7*D7F 82+5*7 ;(- 4.7H*(, U(H5 ;.( 4/ 3-)/ ;(+72 )5 +7I*-853% 85D& 4-'&, U( ;(- 4.7H*( 69()/ ;&.&;(,7+-1&,7. -,)53*& 3;(4,(.&*/ 7*A(.)-672,7++-,*- *-I,-85 + ). 345*- *& S 15)(39 ;.&'.-3*5), ;.-,+- 3,%45), - H.&<*% (=5+*5). `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

37 "#!! $7H87:, %' 7 / 4.-'4-4-< +-,*9(=.&69'5< A78(3(A7,, I*-<(+5)( H-- =-45F 3;&'4. ;(=8%+7, *- 7345*/, ;.-,+/ 7 H.&<*2..( U( 6& =(,(.549? C- ;.( 4&, U( H.&<*% *& %'-39 4-) H-*-89*- +&,7-67%, 4-'& 3(H7,7+<58&**%,7+ )(.-89*(-&451*5< *(.). `& %,5U&,,8-345,&,37F 82+39'7F 65,787I-67:, %'& (<(;- 82S )-FV&,32 :: 734(.72. *-'D& '-V/15, H.&<*% )-S =./*4(,*5F 3(67-89*5F 4- ;35- <(8(=71*5F A/*+-)&*4, *-.7V*5)5 '-)&*%)5 %'(=( S 7*4&.&35 7 ;(4.&H5. 0(*-,5*5'8-4(+7, '(85 I %,58-3% ;(4.&H- /4,&.+V/-,-45 15,7+34(2,-45 %'739 (3(H '-34(,7 7*4&.& (67-89*5< 7*4&.&3-<,(*- 4.5)-S493% 7 *5*7. 4V&, )-- S)( 3;.-,/ I 3(67-89*(-;35<(8(=71*5) A&*()&*() =8(H-89*5< )-3D4-H7,, H&I %'(=( *&)5385)& )7V(3(H(,& 4- )-3(,& 3;78'/-,-**%. $.&<*% S *& 85D& (H(, %I'(,5) &8&)&*4(), - F *&(H<7+- *5) )&<-*7I)() '()/*7'-45,*5< ;.(6&37,. 4()/, (IH.(:,D539 ;&,*(2 +(I(2 I+(.(,(=( 65*7I)/, %'(2 *-+78&*5F 87'-. / 3,(S- )/ 34-,8&**7 +( <,(.(H5 F ;-67S*4-, )-S)( -*-87I/,-45 H.&<*2 *& 85D& I )(.-89*(-&451*5< ;(I567F, %' 6& I-,&+&*(, - ;&.&+- /37) 7I A78(3(A39'5<, 3(67(8(=71*5<, ;35<(8(=71*5< 4-7*D5< *-/'(,5< 4(1(' I(./..(I=8% / (7345*-, ;.-,+-, H.&<*%), *&.(I.5,*7F S+*(347.! 0-.4(.(I.7I*%45 H&I; *& F -+&',-4*&,7- +(H.-V&**% ;(+7F 7 %,5U.&-89*(=( 3,74/ F!, ;(, %I-*/ I /3,7+()8&**%) '())/*7'-*4() )(.-89*(:,7+;(,7+-89*(347 I- 3,(:,538(,8&**%. 345*- 6& '-4&=(.7% 8(=7'5 F 4&(.7: ;7I*-**%, U(,5.-V-S,7+;(,7+*7349 *-D5< I*-*9 ;.( %,5U& 3-)()/ %,5- U/..-,+- '-4&=(.7% ;35<(8(=7:,I-S)(.(I/)7**%, U(,5.-V-S *& 4789'5,7+;(,7+*7349 I*-*9.&-87%), - F 34-,8&**% 82+5*5 +( U5.(=( I*-**%. 345*/ )5 ;7I*-S)(, - ;.-,+/.(I/)7S)( (*& '5.(I/)(), -8& F ;(1/44%)5)..-,+- I-,V+5 ) I&.*( 73-37

38 ! 45*5, H&I 69(=(,(*- *& )(V& H/45 ;.-,+(2. 8& 69(=( I&.*- U& *&+(34-4*9(..-,+- 6& 4-'- 7345*-, U( I+(H/8- )(.-89*/ 3-*- '672, 3/H S'45,*/ (67*'/ 3/3;78934,-. `% (H34-,5*- ;.5,(+549 +( 4(=(, U( ;.5 (3)538&**7 (+*7S: F 47S: 3-)(: 7345*5 )(V85,- ;(%,-.7I*5<,-.7-*47, ;.-,+5. 7I*5)5 S F )(45,5,538(,8&**% 7345*5 4- ;.-, *- (;.582+*2S493% I-.-+5 (15U&**% 3/3;789*(=( I*-**%,7+ ()-- *5. (45,5 V,538(,8&**% ;.-,+5 I-8&V-49,7+ (3(H5345< 678&F '()/*7'-*4-, %'5)5 )(V/49 H/45: -) '(.5385,7349 (4.5)-**% %'5<(39 H8-=: 38-,5, (.&(8/ ;.-,+(82H6% 4(U( -H( V I*5U&*- *% 3/;&.*5'-; H) 3-)(34,&.+V&**%,,5.-V&**% 3,(=( '.&+(:.-U& =7.'- ;.-,+-, *7V 3(8(+'- H.&<*% ;,) ;&+-=(=71*(-,5<(,*- )&4-: U5.& ;&.&'(*-**%, U( ;.-,+- 3;.5%45)& )(.-89- *()/,+(3'(*-8&**2.&65;7S*4-; =) 3-)(,+(3'(*-8&**% I- +(;()(=(2,538(,8&**% ;.-,+5, *&I,-V-215 *- )(V85,7 *&3;.5%485,7 *-387+'5. 8% 82+5*5 ;.-,+(2 S 4789' *-,, %'/,(*-! ; <(1 H5 %'5)5 ;&.&'(*85,5)5 H/85 +('-I5 7345**(347 A-'4/, U( ;(,7+()8%S493%,,7* *& 3;.5F)-S493% %' ;.-,+-, +('5 82+5*-, *9(=( ;(, (8(,*- ;&.&D'(+- +8%,7.5 / ;.-,+5-,7349 ;(,7+()8&**% ;(8%=-S, 47), U( (34-**S *&,7+;(,7+-S /%,- 8&**%) ;.( *-8&V*&, 4(H4( ;.( 4&, U( )(V& F ;(,5**(,7+H/45-3%, +-*7F 354/-67:..(45.711% )7V.(I/)() 7 ;(1/44%)5 34-S,7+1/4*5) ;35<(8(=71*5) H-. S.(), 1&.&I %'5F 7345*- 3;.5F)-- S493% %' *&;.-,+-. $-=-4(.&65;7S*47,,(87249 (67*2,-45 ;.-,+5,7349 ;(,7- +()8&**% ;&.&+/37) I- '.54&.7S) **, 4(H4( I ;(=8%- +/,8-3*5< 7+&-89*5<,7+*(35* )7V 82+9)5, - *& I- '.54&.7S) (H S'45,*(: 7345**(

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

42 ! K- ;(3&.&+*9(:,;(.%+'(,-*( *- I H.&<*&2 I)7D/- S493% 8(=71*(, 3534&)*(. 8& 6%,;(.%+'(,-*7349 b./*4/s493% *- ;&,*7F.-67(*-89*7F ;()5867, I-34(3(,-*7F 3,7+()(. -F1-347D&,5'(.534(,/2493% ;&.&7*4&.;.&4-67% 4&'34/,.7I*7 I*-1&**% (+*(=( 38(,- +8% ;7+)7*5 ;(*%49, 4&*+&*67F*& 48/)-1&**% 4(U(. ;7-.--'67%< V/.*-87345,, ( )(,*(: &',787H.5345'5,, (.*& I- H78&, - ;(47) *-,;-'5, ;( U(.-I/ *- '(*'.&4*& +V&.&8(. ;(.%+'(,-*7349,5U(=( b-4/*'/ H-15)( 4(+7, '( *- 4- H.&<*% I)7D/2493% 4-', U( 3-)& I)7D/,-**% 3;.5F)-S493% *& %' ;(87451*- 4&<*(8(=7%, - %'.&-89*& 3(67-89*& ;.(45.711%. -- 3;.-,+7 V 6& 85D& ;.5F(), %'5) 1-34( ;(38/=(,/2493% 7 ;(8745- '5, 7 V/.* ! -3(,- -/+54(.7% I-,V+5.(I=8%+-8-3% 1&34(82H*5)5 F,8-34(82H*5)5 7*+5,7+-)5 4- -'45,*5)5 3(67-89*5)5 =./;-)5 %' (H S'4 '()/*7'-67F*(=( '&./,-**%. c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a/.*-87345'-, U( I-.(+V/,-8-3%, 8(*7 )-3(,(=( 3;78'/-,-**% 7 +(37 15*549 *- *9(=(,&851&I*5F,;85,, S *-FH789D %3'-.-,(2 ;.&+34-,*56&2 )-3(,(: '()/*7'-67:. K=7+*( I 7+&%)5 +&- 50

51 $!! )('.-451*(=( 3/3;78934,-, V/.*-87345'- 3'.()*( /*5'-S ;54-*- *% A(.)/,-**% )-3, -'6&*4/215 /,-=/ *- (3(H534(347, =.()-+%- *5*(,7, ;.-,-< 4-3,(H(+-< 82+5*5 %' *-FH789D5< 67**(34%<. +*-' I-85D-S493% (1&,5+*5): *&I-8&V*(,7+ 4(=(, %'5F 3( *5F 3/H S'4,534/;-S /.(87 '()/*7'-*4--;.(A&37(*-8- V/.*-8734, ;.(;-=-*+534, -=74-4(., ;7-.*5', 8&'4(., 3,%U&*5', 3&.&+(,5U& )-3(,(: '()/*7'-67: 453*& *- '()/*7'-*4-7 I)/D/S F(=( =.-45 I- ;.-,58-)5 69(=( 3&.&+(,5U-. +V& )-3(,& 3;78- '/,-**% )(V& ;(.(+V/, '5 )-3(,7 %,5U-, - +( *5< *-8&- V-49 7 )-35 %' ;87+ I+&H789D(=( ;.-=*&* *9 3-)5< '()/- *7'-*47,-;.(A&37(*-87,. C-'5) 15*(), )-35 7 '()/*7'-* &)*(,I-S)(;(, %I-*7. ;.(6&37 )-3(,(=( 3;78'/,-**% &A&'4 +(3%=-S493% I- +(;()(=(2 3;&67-89*(.(I.(H8&*5< '()/*7'-67F- *5< 4&<*(8(=7F, =(8(,*(2 )&4(2 %'5< S,;85, *- )-3/, *- 82+5*/ %' ;(4&*67F*(=( /1-3*5'- )-35, *- )-3(,/ 3,7+()7349, =.()-+39'/ +/)'/. -.-'4&.,;85,/, F(=( I)734, )5385 )(V/49 H/45.7I*5)5, U( I-8&V549,7+ H-=-49(< 15**5'7,, -8&, I('.&)-, F,7+ ;(87451*5<, 7+&(8(=71*5<, 3(67-89*(- ;35<(8(=71*5< 4-7*D5< /34-*(,(' '()/*7'-*4-.!!! #!! -3(,& 3;78'/,-**% 7,;85,.&17 *&.(I.5,* /4*7349,;85,/ (I*-1-S,7+3/4*7349 )-3(,(=( 3;78'/,-**% -H( F(=( *&;.(- +/'45,*7349, *&&A&'45,*7349, H&I.&I/894-4*7349. ()/*7'-67F*5F,;85, S H789D(2 )7.(2 '(*34-*4*(2,&8515*(2, -*7V I)7**(2, I)7*22493% 85D& F(=( <-.-'4&. 7 I)734 4-, )(V85,(, A(.)5,5- %,/. C-', 3589*5F,;85, (67*'- 3'(.7D& *& '789'73*-, - %'73*-: 6&,;85,, %'5F I- 3,(:),5%,() S,7+'.545), ;()71&*5), %3'.-,5), *&;.5<(,-*5). T8-H' ,;85,/.&=/822493% *&,7+*(3- *( 3;78'/,-**% %' ;.(6&3/, -.-I() 7I 65) ;.(6&3(): 3589*5F,;85, 6& +(H.& (.=-*7I(,-*& 3;78'/,-**%, 38-H'5F,;85, 6& 38-H( (.=-*7I(,-*& 3;78'/,-**%, 4(H4( 4-'&, %'& )-FV& *&,7+H/- 51

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

56 ! 4-)5 69(=( 3&.&+(,5U-, U( )-S 3,(: I-'(*5, ;.-,58-, ;.5*65;5. 05'(*/215.(H(4/, ;(, %I-*/ I,(8(+7**%) 38(,(), ;&*I8&), V&34(),./<(), =(8(3() , ;.(A&37F*7,5'(*-,67,' % / '()/*7'-67F*7,7+*(D&**% I 7*D5)5 82+9)5, / 34(3/*- '5, %'7 ;&.&+H-1&*7 354/-67S2 3;78'/,-**%. -3 2*/ *5 5,. 7<4( *& I-H(.(*%S A-<7,6&,7 +(4.5)/,-453% 15 *& +(4.5)/,-453% ;&,*5< ;.-,58 ;(,&+7*'5 / 69()/ 3&.&+(,5U7 -H( V *-)-=-453% I)7*2,-45 :<, -8& '(V&* 7I A-<7,67, I(- H(, %I-*5F I*-45 7.(I/)745 I-'(*5 3&.&+(,5U-.. *4, 2 2 a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

57 $!! * /5 2* 5 * 5, *- *! 2*0,!, 2 *. & I-H/-,-F)(, U( '(V&* 7I *-3, *&I-8&V*(,7+ 3(67-89*(=( 34-4/3/,,5- <(,-**% F 7*4&8&'4/, (H(, %I'(,( S /1-3*5'() 45< 15 7*D5< )-- 3(,('()/*7'-67F*5< ;.(6&37,. 7I*(,5+5 )-35 ;/H87'5 F *-- 4(,;5 )(V/49 3' % %' 7I I&'7,, ;(,7F, ; %*569, 4-' 7 I ;.&I5+&*47,, )7*734.7,, ;.(A&3(.7,. T/49 *&, ;/H *-4(,;7, -, 45< *-34.(%< 7 +/)'-<, %'5)5,(*5 '&./2493%, 7, 47F.(87, %'/,5'(*/249 / ;.(6&37 3;78'/,-**%. 37 )-3(,('()/*7'-67F*7 +7:,7+H/,-2493% -H( 3-)7 ;( 3(H7, 345<7F*(, I- I-'(*-)5 ;35<(8(=7: 82+39'(:, -H( (.=-*7I(,/2493% ;.(A&37F*( I- ;&,*5)5 4&<*(8(=7%)5 7*+/34.7: )-3(,(=(,;85,/. (I567(*/,-**% 7*3454/67F, '(4.7 -'45,*(,5'(.534(,/249 4&<- *(8(=7: )-3(,(=(,;85,/, I('.&)- )&+7F*7,.(H8%15 6& *7H54(,5- '821*( I-.-+5.(I,54'/ (3(H534(347, S,5%,() ;.(A&37F*(=( *&-,7=8-34,- -H( 65*7I)/. (.&'4*5) H/+& /%,8&**% ;.( A-<7,67, )-3(,(: '()/*7'-67: %' 82+&F, U( I+-4*7 -H( *&I+-4*7 A(.)/,-45 )-3(,7 *-34.(: 4-3/3;789*7 +/)'5,7+*(3*( ;(I545,*(=( (H.-I/ 3-)(+(34-4*9(: (3(H534(347 3,(H(+(82H*(:, *&I-8&V*(:,.(- I/)*(:.. 2! *4 **! 2, !*5 *2* ***, 2 & 3 * T/3;789*- +/)'- ;.( 4&, U( '(V*- 82+5*- S 3-)(+(34-4*9(2 (3(H ,,(8(+7S ;.-,-)5 F 3,(H(+-)5, %'7 F I-H&I;&1/249 :F 4/ 3-)(+(34-4*7349, (39 U( S 45) ;(I545,*5) 48(), *- %'()/ '(V*- 82+5*- <(1& ;.(%,545 3&H& 3-)&, 4-'7F 7;( T;78'/,-**%, I('.&)- )-3(,&, S 45) ;.5.(+*5) 3&.&+(,5- U&) +8% 82+5*5, =./;5 82+&F, 3/3;78934,-,, %'()/ ;.&+34-,- *5'5.7I*5<,5+7, 3/3;789*(: +7%89*(347.&-87I/249 3&H&, +(3%- =-249 (-H( *& +(3%=-249) 3,(:< 678&F, I)734() %'5< S ;&,*7.&-'- 67: /1-3*5'7, ;.(6&3/ 3;78'/,-**%. A&'45,*7349 3;78'/,-**% 57

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64 ! '(*6&*4.-67%, I- %'(: (+*- A7.)- ;(=85*-S 7*D7, %'7 34(%49, (+- *()/ 8-*62=/,5.(H*51(=( ;.(6&3/..5'8-+() )(V& H/45 =(8-87,/+39'- '();-*7% T, %'- ;.5+H-8- Cineplex Odeon =(8(-,*/ '();-*72, %'- I-F)-8-3% H 267S2 :: A789)7,. C-'5) 15*() T I-H&I;&158-3(H7 ;(D5.&**% 3,(S: ;.(+/'67: F ;(- '.-U58- '(*4.(89 *-.5*'/ *& 4789'5,5.(H*564,-, - F IH/4/. *D5F ;.5'8-+ New York Times, %'- ;.5+H-8- /,&H&'/ (-*-+-) ;-;&.(,/ A-H.5'/, 15) 34,( % 3&H& ;&.&,-=5 / ;(34-1-**7 ;-;&./.,5;-+'/ /!7 '(*6&*4.-67: A7.- )- I (+*7S: 3A&.5 )&+7-7*+/34.7: (3'-V7)(, =-I&4*(-V/.*-89*&,5+-,*564,() '/;/S '();-*72 I 7*D(: 3A&.5 )-3-)&+7- (*-;.5- '8-+ 4&8&34-*672). C-', News Corporation, U( *-8&V549. &.+('/, ;.5+H-8- Twentieth Century Fox, - General Electric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ony ;(8(,5*5 =(887,/+39'5< '7*('();-*7F. *-387+(' 4.-*3*-67(*-87I-67:,5*5'-249 =8(H-89*7 )&+7-7);&.7: Tim Warner, Sony, Matsushita, Walt Disney (6&35 =8(H-87I-67: F 4.-*3A(.)-67: 3534&) )-3(,(: '(- )/*7'-67: I)/D/249 =(,(.545 *& 4789'5 ;.( 73*/,-**% )-3(,(- 64

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70 (%)* -F,/V15) ;(*%44%) S 2!, 4(H4( 3534&)- ;(- 4.&H, (.7S*4-67F, I*-*9, /)7*9, *-,51(' 4-7*D5< 3(67-89*5< <--.-'4&.5345' (3(H534(347, 3A(.)(,-*5< 7.(I,5*&*5< / ;.(6&37 ;&.&H/,-**%, )&+7-3&.&+(,5U7 I,5'(.534-**%) 3-)& I-3(H7, )-3-)&+7- I-.-+5 (4.5)-**% 3(67-89*(: 7*A(.)-67:. T/4*7349 )&- <-*7I)/,I-S)(+7: 1(45.9(<,5+7, '/894/.5 (+5, ) ;(8%=-S /,I-S)(.(I,54'/,,I-S)(IH-=-1&**7. <*2 7S.-.<72 +(6789*(.(I=8%+-45 /,5=8%+7 '(*6&*4.51*5< '78, %'7,<(+%49 (+*&, (+*& %' 3'8-+(,7. &+7-'/894/.- (3(H534(347,<(+549 +( 3'8-+/ 7*A(.)-67F*(: '/894/.5, %'- 3,(S2 1&.=(2 S 1-34'(2 '()/*7'-- 45,*(: '/894/.5, - 4-3'8-+(,(2 I-=-89*(: '/894/.5 (3(H5. F)!!" =#7,!" 6#"7+!" ;3= $ /!7, 27, 62& 7 2! *** 5*7, )-3(,()/ (-.-*7D&,5'821*(, *-/'(,()/) (H7=/ I %,5853% ;(*%44% 2!, 2/2*!, 2*0*! 4(U(, %'7 (I* *(,7 %'(347 F *(,7 I+7H- *(347 %' ('.&)(: 82+5*5, 4-' 7,37S: 3;789*(45, I+-4*5< +( &A&'- 45,*(: V544S+7%89*(347, /)(,-< 7*A(.)-67F*(=( 3/3;78934,-. 70

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mass media, 4- I-)7*2249 :< /37< 4&.)7*() )&+7-'/894/.-..&+34-,*5'5 ;&+-=(=71*(: *-/'5 (-,(*5 =(8(,- *5) 15*(),I%853% I-.(I.(H'/ ;.(H8&) )&+7-(3, (3%=85 71

72 (%)* 15)-8(=(),'-I/249 *- )&+7-'/894/./ (3(H534(347 %' *-.&I/894-4 )&+7-(3,745. c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

74 (%)* 5 0*5 / 5 2& 2 *5 25 2*, / *4. `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`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

75 % & ' ' &)(67F*/ 3'8-+(,7 )&+7-;.(+/'4/ H&I *-F)&*D(: 3;.(H5 '.545-1*( (67*2,-45, -*-87I/,-45 F(=(. 07* 3;.5F)-S,3& *-,7./, -H- 3(824*()/ I*-1&**7 69(=( 38(,-..=/)&*4-)5 ;.&+34-,*5'- 69(=( 45;/ S 4-'7: 3-) 1/, (H-15,)!, `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

77 % & ' ' *0*2 *, '(+(,5< 7.&;.&I&*4-67F*5< 3534&) ;&.&+-**% 7*- A(.)-67:,,5'(.534(,/,-*5< )&+7-. a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`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`& 7 (.- =-*7I-67F*(-'(.;(.-45,*7 3534&)5,, %'5< *-F,5U5)5, 7S.-.<7: S 67**(347 /3;7D*(347 A7.)5 (:: 3/'/;*-, , 34-H789*7349,.7,&*9 +(<(+/ 4(U(). `& F '(.;(.-45,*(-;.(A&37F*7 67**(347, %'7 ;.5F*%4( (H.-I*( *-I5,-45 1&349 )/*+5./. `& 7 67**(347 )736&,(: =.()-+5, %'7,5I* (3/*'5 )7V I&)8%'-)5, %'7 7*'(85,V& +-,*(,5:<-85 I.7+*(: )736&,(347. &.&87' )(V*- ;.(+(,V/,-45, -+V& H/+9-%'- =./;- ;.(<(+549 / ;.(6&37 3,(=( A(.)/,-**% &4-;,5I*-1&**%,8-3*5< *(.) 7 67**(34&F. `& 34(- 3/S493% *& 4789'5.&-89*5< =./;,, %'5< 82+5 H&I;(3&.&+*9( '(*- 4-'4/249 )7V 3(H(2 (.(+5*-, '8-3, =/.4(', D'(8-), - F /)(,*5< (*-;.5'8-+, 34-.D('8-3*5'5, 34/+&*45 -H(.7I*()-*74*7 *&A(.- )-85). T534&)- 67**(34&F ('.&)5< =./; )(V& *& /I=(+V/, I 67**(34%)5 7*D5< =./; 7 *-,749 7I I-=-89*(82+39'5)5 (*-;.5- '8-+, V(.34'7 *(.)5 '.5)7*-89*5< /=./;(,-*9, +& 67** '(=( V544% 1-34( 34(:49 +-8&'( *& *- ;&.D()/ )7367). 0 +(7*- 78

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b./*4/,-8-3% *- 3(67-89*(-;35<(8(=71*5< I-'(*()7.*(34%< H&I;(3&.&+*7< 82+39'5< 34(3/*'7,, 39(=(+*7 I*-1*( 4.-*3A(.)(,-*-. K,51-F- *(, I-'(* IH&.&V&**% 7*A(.)-67: 7*45)*(:, ;.5,-4*(:, '(.;(.-- 45,*(: +7%45)& I-,V+5. 8& F*7 )&<-*7I)5 I-<534/,7+ D'7+85,(: 7*A(.)-67:, +8% 3;.5F*%44% %'(: 82+5*- ;35<(8(=71*( 79

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`% , 358/ 3,(S: )-3(,(347, I+-4*(347 +( 45.-V/,-**% ;(.%+ 7I.-+7( 4- +./'(,-*5)5 I-3(H-)5 I-F*%8- ;.(,7+*& )736&, V5447 3/1-3*(: 82+5*5, U( I*-1*(,;85*/8( *- A(.)/,-**%,7I/-89*(: '/894/.5 I-=-8(). c(+(,;85,/ *- 3,7+()7349 -/+54(.7: A(4(=.-A7%, '7*(, 4&- 8&H-1&**% *-H-=-4( )(=/4*7D7 ;(.7,*%*( I +./'(,-*(2 ;&.7(+5'(2, 874&.-4/.(2 4-7*. A&'45,*7349,;85,/ 65< I-3(H7, *- 82+5*/ ;(8%=-S 3-)&, :<*7F,7I/-89*(347, *-H85V&*(: +(.&-89*(347. +V& ;&.&,-V*/ 1-345*/,37S: 7*A(.)-67: 82+5*- (4.5)/S 1&.&I I7.. X(4(=.-A7% *(,(2, +(8&*(3*(2 &;(<(2, &,(8267:,7+&('/894/.5. ' 7 / =.-,2.7, )&<-*7I)() A(4(=.-A/,-**% S 85

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`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`& 3;789*& ;(8%=-S, :<*7F,7I/-89*7F ;.5.(+7, '(V /,7+4,(.&**7.&-89*(=( 3,74/, +5*-)71*()/ F(=( I(H.-V&**7. C&8&H-1&**% (+5* 7I *-FH789D )-3(,5< 4- ;(D5.&*5< K. K- (34-**7 +&3%458744%,(*( *-34789'5 ;&.&4,(.58( ;(-,3%'+&**& V544% 82+5*5, U( I *5),-V'( ;(.7,*%45 H/+9-%'5F,5*-<7+, 734(.7: 82+34,-. 0(*( *& 85D& I)7*58( +(I,788% *5, - F.&,(8267(*7I/,-8( (H.-I :: )538&**%, :: 3,74(=8%+. C&8&- 87

88 (%)* H-1&**% )(V*-,,-V-45 *& 85D& )-=71*5),7'*(), '.7I9 %'& 82+5*- +5,5493% *- 3,74, - F +,&.5)-, 1&.&I %'7 ;.(*5'-249 / :: 3,7+()7349.7I*()-*74*7 7+&:, 34,(.&*7 7*D5)5. T;(1-4'/ H789D7349 4&8&,7I7F*5< ;&.&+-1 I+7F3*2,-8-3% 4&8&,7I7F*5)5 )&.&V-)5 -H( )736&,5)5 34-*67%)5. (15*-215 I 1980-<, I-,+%'5 '-H&89*()/ 4-3/;/4*5'(,()/ I-H&I;&1&**2, 4&8&H-1&**%,34/;58( / *(,5F &4-; 4&<*(8(=71*(=(.(I,54'/, U( ;.5,&8( +(.(ID5.&**% )(V85,(34&F,5H(./ 4&8&;&.&+-1 -/+54(.7S2. C&8&H-1&**2 ;.53,%1&*( H-=-4( +(387+V&*9 7I )-3(,(: '()/*7'-67:: ;.515*(2 S 4-,&85'- '789' /, %'/ 82+5*-,54.-1-S *- ;&.&=8%+ 4&8&;&.&+-1. -;.5'8-+, / 3&.&+*7F -)&.5'-*39'7F.(+5*7 4&8&,7I(. H/,-S /,7)'*&*5) ;(*-+ 37) =(- +5* *- +(H/ (;(*-+,737) =(+5* / 37) %<, +& S '-H&89*& 15 -H(- *&*4*& 4&8&H-1&**%), ;.51()/ 3&.&+*9( *- +(.( *- -H( +545*- +5,5493% 4&8&,7I(.,7+ +,(< +( 4.9(< =(+5* U(+*%; 7I ;(,3%'+&**5<,5+7, +7%89*(347 H789D& 1-3/ 82+5*-,54.-1-S 85D& *- ; (*. 0 '.-:*7 ;&.&=8%+ 4&8&;&.&+-1 15,7+&(I-;537, 4&V S *-F;(;/8%.*7D5) 3;(3(H() ;.(,&+&**% +(I,788%: )-FV& 80% *-3&8&**%, ,7F,789*5F 1-3 ;&-.&+ &'.-*() / 3&.&+*9()/ H789D& =(+5*5 *- +(H/..(4%=() V544% '789' /, %'5F 82+5*- ;.(,(+549 ;&-.&+ 4&8&,7I(.(), I)7*2S493%. C-', / +545*34,7,(*-.7I'( IH789D/S493% )7V +,()- 4-1(45.)-.('-)5 ;.5H85I*(,7+ 15 <,585* +( 2,5 =(+5*5 *- +&*9. &39 +(,(39)5.71*(=(,7'/ '789' / I-85D-S493% *&I)7**(2, -8& )-'35)-89*( ;7+,5U/S493% H85I9'( 12.('7,, 7*(+7 3%=-215 1(45.9(< =(+5* *- +&*9. 7I*7D&,(*- ;(15*-S I)&*D/,-453%, (3(H85,(, ;&.7(+ *-,1-**%, 3&.&+*7F 4-,5U7F D'(87 4- / ;&.D7.('5 37)&F*(=( V544%, '( ;.53,%1/249 H-=-4( 1-3/ ;.-67, 3;78'/,-**2 4-,5<(,-**2 +74&F. 88

89 ) +*-' / ;7I*7D5F ;&.7(+ +(.(38(=( V544%, '( ;7+.(385, 3;(34&.7=-S493% *(,5F ;7+F() 7*4&.&3/ +( 4&8&H-- 1&**%. X-'451*( *-FH789D I-,I%45)5 4&8&=8%+-1-)5 S 3-)& 874* *D7,&.34,5 *-3&8&**%, U( ;.(,(+%49 H-=-4( 1-3/ H78% 4&8&,7I(.-, 6& +()(=(3;(+-.'5 4- )-8(I-H&I;&1&*7 (3(- H5. `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`&.&,(8267F*& ;&.&4,(.&**%, =-8/I7,7+&( 3;(*/'-8( +( I.(34-**% 7*+/34.7:,7+&(I-;53/ 4-.&'(.+*( 34.7)'(=( ;.(*5'*&**% 69(=( 4&<*71*(=( I-3(H/, *-D7 +()7,- '5. c& F 39(=(+*7 73*/S I,51*- ;.-'45'- I-;53/,-45 4&8&;.(- =.-)5 +8% ;(+-89D(=( ;&.&=8%+/, -H5 I-H&I;& ' I,-*& I)7U&**% ;&.&=8%+/, c( V +(,7+&('-)&.5, 4(,(*- *-+-S )(V85, I-;53/-,-45, 7,7+4,(.2,-45, F IH&.7=-45,7+&(7*A(.)-672, +5*-) **7) 1-3(),7+&('-)&.5 /3'8-+*5853% 4&<*(8(=71*(, -8& I./1*5)5 F ;.(345)5 +8% ;(,3%'+&**(=( '(.534/,-**%..7) 4(=(, I %,5853% *(,7 4&<*71*7.7D&**%:,7+&('-)&.-, )(H7-89*()/,,&H-'-)&.-, '(); 24&.7 4(U(. T9(=(+*7 H/+9-%'5F ;7+- 89

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`& 7 )/I&F*7 &'3;(*-45, 7 3/1-3*7 </- +(V*7 4-7*D7,534-,'5, </+(V*7 A789)5,,7+&('(*6& H-=-- 4( 7*D(=(. ( 69(=( ;&.&87'/ +(+-)(,&H-34(.7*'5, 34,(.&*7 '(-.534/,-1-)5 *4&.*&4/, (3(H5347 A(4(-89H()5 *- 3(67-89*(- )&.&V&,5< 3-F4-< (odnoklassniki, vkontakte, meta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

98 (%)* 07+&('/894/.- (3(H534(347 S ;35<(8(=71*5) /4,(.&**%), %'& 34-*(, &)/ *-H/45< 3;(3(H7, 3;(V5,-**% )&+7-;.(+/'67: 4-,7+&(;.(+/'67: I('.&)-. -H/44% 3;(3(H7, 3;(V5,-**%/3;.5F)-**%,7+&(;.(+/'67: +&4&.)7*(,-*& +,()-,-V85,5)5 A-'4(.-)5: 3534&- )(2 '/894/.*5< 67**(34&F 4- )(45,-67F*(2 '();(*&*4(2 (3(H534(347. `7 A-'4(.5 3,(S2 1&.=(2 (H/)(,8&*7 '/894/.*5) %)5 3/3;78934,-, (3(H85,(34%)5 3&.&+(,5U- 73*/,-**%,.(- +5**(=(,5<(,-**%, I-=-89*(2 '/894/.(2 (3(H534(347, :: (3,74(2, +(3,7+(). 3& 6&,;85,-S *- )(45,5 3;(V5,-**%,7+&(;.(+/'67: (3(H `&*4.-89*(2 8-*'(2.(I,5*&*(: 3534&)5 3;(3(H7, 3;(V5-,-**%,7I/-89*(: )&+7-;.(+/'67: S '(=*745,* &=7::,7+&(3;.5F)-**% 4- '.5451*& )538&**%. * 25 (,7I/-89*& )&+7-3;.5F)-**%) 34-*(,549 '(=*745,*/ -*-87451*(-35*4&451*/ I+-4*7349, %'- ;&.&+H-1-S A7'3-672, -*-87I (H.-I*(=( )-4&.7-8/ )&+7-, F(=( 7*4&.;.&4-672, *&(H<7+*/ +8%.(I/)7**% 4- A(.)/,-**%,8-3*(=( 34-,8&**% *5 +( 3;.5F*%4(: 7*A(.)-67:. (I,5*&*&,7+&(3;.5F)-**% ;&.&+H-1-S A &8&'672,7+&()-4&.7-8/, F(=( b./*4(,*5f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`&,I-S)(+7%,7+&(3;.5F)-**% )&+7-4&'347, 4- '.5-451*(=( ;&.&(3)538&**% :<*7< I)734/ F A(.)5. C,(.1-98

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

102 (%)*.(ID5.2S493%. K 7*D(=( H('/, *&H/,-85< )-3D4-H7, *-H/,-S.(I)-:44% ;.(;(I567F 4&8&H-1&**%, U( ;&.&+H-1-S )(V85,7349 7*+5,7+/-87I-67: '(*4&*4/, 4(H4( I)734/ 4(=(, U( ;&.&=8%+-S493% 3;(V5,-1&). C-'& *-;(,*&**%.7I*5) I)734().7I*(: )&+7-;.-'45'5 85D& ;()*(V/S *-%,*&.(I)-:44%. -)-=-**% I.(I/)745 (3(H85,(347 )&+7-'/894/.5,5'821- *( 1&.&I,7+)7**(347 I)734/ )&+7-;.-'45'5, *- *-D/ +/)'/, S +( ;(,&.<(,5) ;7+<(+(). 'U(.(I=8%*/45 ;.(H8&)/ 7*+5,7- +/-87I-67: =85HD&, 34-S (1&,5+*5), U( I-,5H(.() '(*4&*4/ ;.5<(,-*( )&<-*7I)5 34,(.&**%.7I*(=( (H.-I/ 3,74/, +& '();(- *&*4,7.4/-89*(347, I-+-*(: )&+7-, )-S.7I*& *-;(,*&**%.! ' K-3(H5 )-3(,(: '()/*7'-67:,5.(H8%249,7.4/-89*7349 %' 7*A(.)-67F*5F ;.(+/'4, -8& 6& S 4789'5 ;.(8&=()&*() (;(;&.&+*7) 38(,(),,,&+&**%) +(),7.4/-89*( ;.-,+7 7*A(.)-67F*5F ;.(+/'4 85D& ;(3&.&+*5' )7V,7.4/-89*5) 3,74(),5.(H*5'- 7,7.4/-89*7342, 34,(.&*(2 -/+54(.7S2. 8%- +-1 (38/<-1, '(.534/,-1), 3;.5F)-215 7*A(.)-67F*5F ;.(+/'4, +(H/+(,/S 3,(2,8-3*/,7.4/-89*7349, ;(+(,V/S 3,74 I- )&V7 &'-.-*/. 6&F +()538&*5F 3,74 34-S +7F3*(2 ;35<(8(=71*(2.&-89*7342 F(=( V544%, *&,7+)7**(2,7+ 47S:, %'/,7* +(H/+(,/S, 3'-V7)(, *- (3*(,7 3;(34&.&V&**% I-,/856%)5 I,7'*- -,4(H/3-,.(I)(,5 ;.( *(,&*9'& 7I 4(,-.5D&). C-'- (3(H85,7349 3,74/,, %'()/ )5 V5,&)(, +-S ;.-,( *-I5,-45 F(=( *!2 -+V&, *9()/ 4&<*(8(=71*( 34,(.&*&,7.4/-89*& (*-,7+)7*/,7+ ;35<71*(=( %' A(.)5,7.4/-89*(=() ;&.&;8/4/S493% I ;(.(+V&- *(2.&-89*7342 *-34789'5, U( 3/H S'45 *& (H7.-+5.(I-,&+&**% 65< 3,747,. K 7*D(=( H('/, 3-)& (3(H85,(347 3;789*(=( 3;.5F)-**% * /3/.&-89*(347,7.4/-89*5) 3,74-). (4&*67F*- 102

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`% '/894/.- S 3'8-+(,(2 3/'/;*(=( 7**(,-67F*(=( ;(4&*67-8/, U( <-.-'4&.5I/S.7,&*9 (3,74*9(:, I-=-89*('/894/.*(: 4-3(67-89*(-;35<(8(=71*(: ;7+=(- 4(,'5 (3(H534( /3;78934,-, 678()/ +( 3;.5F*%44% 7 4,(.- 1(=(,478&**%, V544% 7+&:.(I,54'/ &'(*()7'5 '.-:*5 *- 7**(,-- 67F*5< I-3-+-<. T-)& *-D7 39(=(+*%D*7 ;7+874'5, *&+-8&'()/ 103

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

105 "+* I-,5V5,-**% 4- /3;7< *-.5*'/. K*-**%, 7*A(.)-67F*()/ 3/3- ;78934, =(8(,*5) '-;74-8(). #! # 8& I,7+'5 H&.&493% *(,& I*-**%? & 4&, %'& )(V*- ;.( , '*5=-< 15 I*-F45, *4&.*&47, - 4&, %'(=( *& 73*/,-8( +(37: -+V& 85D& 4-'& I*-**% )(V& *-+-45 '(*'/.&*4*/ ;&.&,-=/. 3- */S +(3549 ;(;/8%.*- %;(*39'- 4&(.7% ;.(+/'/,-**% I*-*9 / '();-*7:, -,4(.5 %'(:,5;.(H/,-85 :: &A&'45,*7349, (.=-*7I-67:,5.(H*564,-. 037),7+()- &A&'45,*7349 %;(*39'5< '();-*7F, 4()/ 6% 4&(.7% *-H/,-S +&+-87 H789D(=(,5I*-**% / 3,747. K=7+*( I 67S2 4&(.7S2, %+.() 34,(.&**% I*-*9 S I)7D/,-**% *&%,*5< ( )(,1-I*5< ) ;.-'451*5< I*-*9 7 %,*5<,,538(,8&*5< I*-*9. &%,*7 I*-**% 6& I+(H/4(' 7*+5,7+/-89*(=( +(3,7+/ ;(+(8-**% %'5<(39 ;.(H8&), ;.5F*%44%.7D&*9,.(I, %I-**% I-,+-*9. -34( 82+5*- U(39.(H549, -8& *& )(V& ;.( 6&.(I;(,7345 7*D5), 6& :: +(3,7+. (S+*-**% +(3,7+/ /1-3*5'7, =./;5 +(I,(8%S I-;/345-45, <7+ ;.(6&35 4.-*3A(.)-67: I*-*9, /*-387+(' 1(=( =./;- ;(-.(+V/S 7**(,-67:. =./;7 I*-**% )(V/49 ;&.&<(+545, *5 +( 82+5*5 1&.&I 4-'7 ;.(6&35, %' *&&5 (*&%,*7 I*-**% (+*(=( ;-.4*&.- I7 3;78'/,-**% *&%,*5)5 I*-**%)5 7*- D(=(), *&5 (*&%,*7 I*-**% 4.-*3A(.)/2493%, %,*7, 38(,&3*( (A(.)822493%), &5 (;&.&4,(.&**% %,*5< I*-*9 / +(3,7+, 4(H4( I*-**% *&%,*7) -H( V 1&.&I.7I*()-*74*7 '()H7*-67: %,*5< I*-*9. H/+9-%'7F =./;7, %'-,5'(*/S 3;789*& I-,+-**%, 345<7F*(,7+H/,-S493% (H)7* I*-**%)5. `&F 3(67-89*(-;35<(8(=71*5F I-- '(* )5 ;('8-85, (3*(,/ ;(H/+(,5 7**(,-67F*(: )(+&87 )&+7-- '/894/.5. &+7- (;(3&.&+'(,/249 ;.(6&3,I-S)(+7: 82+&F, I* , '(.534/ *A(.)-67S2, (4.5)-*(2, )&+7-;.(34(.7, )5 4&V I-8/1-S)(3%, (H)7* I*-**%)5, %' 7,.&-89*7F '(*4-'4*7F 105

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c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`7 4.-*3A(.)-67: +(3%=-2493% I-,+%'5 '(+5A7'-67: *&%,*5< I*-*9 / %,*7 ;.-,58-7 ;.(6&+/.5 4- :< '()H7*-67: I,5'(.534-**%) 106

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`& ;(*%44%,;&.D& H/8( I-;.(;(*(,-*( / % ;(- I*-1&**% I+7H*(347 7+&*45A7'/,-45, -35)782,-45 F &'3;8/-4/,-45 I*-**% 7I 3&.&+(,5U-, %' I+-4*7349.(I;7I*-,-45 F /3,7+()82,-45 67**7349 *(,(: 7*A(.)-67:, -35)782,-45 :: 4- I-34(3(,/,-45 +8% (4.5)-**% '()&.67F*5<.&I/894-47, (0. (<&* 7. E&,7*4-8). 7I- *7D& T. a &(.=,5+78%249 1(45.5 I+7H*(347 %' 3'8-+(,7 K, U(,7+7= I*7, -8&,I-S)(+(;(,*2,-89*7.(87 / I-H&I;&- 1&**7 (.=-*7I-67F*5< I+(H/4'7,: *-+H-**%, -35)78%672, 4.-*3A(.- )-672, &'3;8/ I*-*9. `5 1(45.5 H8('5 )5,5.7D585,5'(- 108

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

110 (%)* 4-'5) )-*7;/82,-**%) ;('85'-*7 ;.(=.-)5.(I,54'/ )&+7-(3,7-1&*(347 1&.&I A(.)/,-**% '.5451*(=( )538&**%. K-H&I;&1/215.(I,54(' *&(H<7+*5< '();&4&*67F (3'-*/,-**% 7*A(.)-67F*(=( ;.(34(./, 3-)()(*74(.5*= 7 U5.- /,-=- +(,8-3*(=( ;.(6&3/ )5-38&**%, H-V-**% ;8-*/,-45, =*/1'7349 )538&**%, *-;(8&=85,7349, H-V-**% 3-)('(.5=/,-453%, =(4(,*7349 +( ;(D/'/ '(*3&*3/3/ 4-7*.), 67 ;.(=.-)5, *- *-D/ +/)'/, )-249 <5H/, (3'789'5 H-I/249-3% 85D& *- *&=-45,*7F )(45,-67:. C.&H- I-/,-V545, U( (34-**7) 1-3() /*-387+(' D5.('(: '.5451*(: +53'/37:, 69()/ *-;.%)7 4&V 3;(34&.7=-2493% '(*6&;4/-89*7 I3/,5: *-;.5'8-+, '.5451*& )538&**% ;(15*-S.(ID5.&*( 4.-'4/,-4539 %',5'(.534-**% 45< '(=*745,*5< *-,51(' &=7F, %'7 IH789D/249 )(V85,7349 (4.5)-**% H-V-*(=(.&I/894-4/.! # (*6&;67% -+3(.H67: I*-*9, 7*A(.)-67F*()/ ;.(34(.7 )-S ;(I545,*/ )(45,/,-89*/ 358/, 3;.%)(,-*/ *- &A&'45,*& I-34(- 3/,-**% I*-*9 7 I-H&I;&1&**% 7**(,-67F. 5 *& '(.534/S)(3% 85D& &'(*()71*(2 ;-.-+5=)(2,, )&V-< %'(: 4&V,-.4( H/8( H =(,(.545 ;.( I-34(3/,-**%,8-3*5< I*-*9 +8% (4.5)-**%,5=(- +5. (I/)7215 )&+7-'/894/./ %' I+-4*7349 +( &A&'45,*(: 3( *(:,I-S)(+7:, )5 )(=85 H ;&.&A(.)/82,-45 3/4( &'(*()71*7 ;(*%44%. (,- )-S 745 ;.( 4-'& I-34(3/,-**% *-%,*5< I*-*9, %'& I*-<(+58( H5 D8%< I-+(,(8&**% ;(4.&H =.()-+5, +( %'(: *-8&- V549 (3(H , (+*(1-3*( 7I (4.5)-**%),8-3*5< *-+H-*9. -*7D& 6& *-I5,-8(3% 3/3;789*( '(.53*(2 3;.-,(2, 7 -'6&*4 34-,5,3% *- 3/3;789*7F I*-1/U(347. T9(=(+*7 V 7+&493% ;.( H-- 8-*3 )7V I*-1/U7342.&I/894-47, +8% ('.&)(=( 7*+5, /3;7-89*5)5 ;(4.&H-)5, 67** % =.()-+5. +( ;(37H- *5'- )5 ;.(;(*/S)(,-.7-*4 )&+7-;.-'45'/)/ +8% D'(85,, 110

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

112 (%)*!- + -D- )(+&89 (+5, ),7+(H.-V/S ;.(6&3 34,(.&**% 7 /3(4/,-**% 3/H S'4() ;&,*5< I*-*9, %'7 3' (3*(,*/ 4'-- *5*/ '/894/ %S)( 1(45.5 ;.5*65;(,7 3'8-+(,7 / 69()/ ;.(6&37:, &5, /&5, *&5. -I,5 65< H8('7, +(3549 /)(,*7, (3'789'5 '(V*5F 7I ;&.&871&*5< / *9()/ ;.(6&37, )(V& 34-,-45 ;.(,7+*5) 7,5I*-1-45 I)734, *-I,/,39()/ H8('(,7. '",#"?!.== ;(D/' 3'-*/,-**% 7+&*45A7'-67% =- F K *-H/44% 7*4&=.-67% ;=- K 4.-*3A&. 7**(,-67% ;; K 7*'/H-67% 4.-*3A(.)-67% $. 4. )& -*& 2! 2! 112

113 "+* $8(' (H S+*/S 4-'7 ;.(6&35, %' ;(D/', 3'-*/,-*- *% 4-7+&*45A7'-67% ;(4.7H*5< I*-*9. 8% 7**(,-67F*5< ;.(6&37,,-V85,(, U( *- 69()/ &4-;7 7*A(.)-67% I/34.71-S493% I ;(4.&- H(2,8-3*(2 15 7*D(=( 3/H S'4-. -F1-347D&,,5'(.534(,/215 4&.)7* ;(D/' 7*A(.)-67:, )5 /%,8%S)( F(=(, )&V-< /3,7+()- 8&*(: ;(4.&H5 7 ;(34-,8&*(=( I-,+-**%, -8& )&+7-;.(347. *& S 85D& I-3(H() ;(34-1-**% 7*A(.)-67:. 0 *9()/ 73*/S ;(4&*67-8,;7I*-,-**% *(,5< )(V85,(34&F 7 IH/.&**% *(,5< 7+&F, %'7 ;.5-,(+%49 +( I-+/)/ ;(34-*(,'5 I-,+-**%. C()/, 6&F H8(' /)7U/- S)( *& 4789'5 6789(,5F ;(D/' - F A(*(,& 3'-*/,-**%, <(+7 I-- +(,(8&**% 7*D5< ;(4.&H, I('.&)-.&'.&-67F*5<, U( 4-'(V I-+(-,(89*%2493% /,7+;(,7+*(347 I '/894/.*5)5 *(.)-)5 ;&,*(: 3;789*(45. T-)&,I-S)(+7% 7I I(,*7D*7) )&+7-3&.&+(,5U&) I-H&I;&1/S ;.(,(' &*45A7'-672, ;(4(67 *&%,*5< I*-*9 7 ;(4.&H/, *(,5< I*-**%<. K- I)734() 6& )(V/49 H/45.7I*7 ;(4.&H5 15 4( 3-)()/,5;.(H/,-45.&'8-)(,-*5F '(3)&451*5F I-37H, -H5 ;(87;D *,8-3*(: D'7.5, 15 4(,5*-F45 *(,5F 45; 7*,-87+*(=(,7I'- +8% ;-.-87);7F67,, 15 4(,I%45 /1-349 / IH5.-**7 '(D47, *- =-)-- *7V +8% +54%1(: (*'(87'-.*7. (I)-:44% I)734/ IH/.&*5< ;(4.&H / *(,5< I*-**%< I-8&V549,7+ '/894/.*(=( '(*4&'34/ (/.&I/ ,*()/.(I/)7**7 69(=( 38(,-) 7 *& )(V& H/45 (;53-*&, )&V-< *-D(=( ;(37H*5'-. 8& 3/4* (.H67: ;(8%=-S, 4()/, U(,3(4/S493% 3-)&,5'85'. C.-+567F*(, )&V-< ;&.D(=( H8('/.(I4-D(,/S493% H789D7349 )(+&8&F )&+7-(3,71&*(347, I('.&)- I(.7S*4(,-*5< *-.(I,54(' '.5451*(347 )538&**% ;.5 3'-*/,-*- *7 7*A(.)-67F*5< )&+7-;(4('7,. 8&,-.4( I,-V545 *- *&;.5-.(+*7349 ;&.&(67*2,-**% &'3;87654*5< I*-*9, U( I-H&I;&1/249-3% '.5451*5) )538&**%), 7 *&+((67*2,-**% *&%,*5< (*&/3,7+(- )82,-*5< 15 *-;7,/3,7+()82,-*5<) I*-*9, %'7 (4.5)/2493% 7I )&+7-7 4&V 3' '/894/.*& H-=-434,(. ;&.-67(*-87I/S493% 113

114 (%)* 6&F H8(' 1&.&I.7I*7-3;&'45,5H7.'(,(347 / 34-,8&**7 +( )&+7-. C-'5) 15*(), ;&.D- 3'8-+(,- )&+7-'();&4&*4*(347 6& (;.-- 62,-**%,5'85'7, 7*A(.)-67F*(=( 3/3;78934,-../=5F H8(' )(+&87 /)(,*( *-I,-*( & 4 (-+&',-4*(2 *-I,(2 )(V& H/45 4-'(V )(H787I-67% ). *9()/,7+H/,-2493% *-H/44% I*-*9, ;(4.7H*5< +8% (;-*/,-**%,5'85'/, ;&.&.(H'-, 34./'4/./,-**% (4.5)-*5< I*-*9, 3;7,,7+*&3&**% :< I *-%,*5)5 I*-**S,5)5.&3/.3-)5, I-3,(S**% 4-7*4&=.-67%. `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`% 34-+7% (3(H85,(,-V85,- +8% 7*4/:45,*5< )&<-*7I)7, 4,(.1(347. &.&,&+&**% *&%,*5< I*-*9 / %,*7, <-.-'4&.*& +8% 69(=( H8('/, )(V&,7+H/,-453%,.7I*5< A(.)-< 7 34,(.&**% )&+7-4&'347,, 7 ;&.&,&+&**% 65<,7.- 4/-89*5< (H.-I7, / I)7345.&-89*(: '()/*7'-67: 15 *-,749 7+&: 114

115 "+* 34(3(,*( ;.&+)&4*(: +7%89*(347. ;&.-67(*-87I-67% 69(=( H8('/ +(3%=-S493% 1&.&I -3;&'45 *(,5I*5 F &*&.=&45I(,-*(347 V544S,(- =( 3,74/ 3/H S'4- I-,+%'5 )&+7-. `% 4.&4% 3'8-+(,- )&+7-'();&- 4&*4*(347 (;53/S,5'(.534-**% )&+7-,;85,7, +8% 3-)(.&=/8%67:,*/4.7D*9(=( 3,74/, ;7+,5U&**% 4,(.15< I+7H*(34&F 4(U(. *-.&D47, 1&4,&.45F H8(' *&5 (<(;82S -3- ;&'45 &'3;8/-4-67: I*-*9,,7+;(, *- ;54-**% c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

116 (%)* ;7+=(4(,'/ +( &A&'45,*(=( 3-)(I+7F3*&**%, 7**(,-67F*()/ 3&-.&+(,5U7 7*A(.)-67F*(=( 3/3;78934,-. -D- 3;.(H-.&-87I-67: 69(=( *-)7./ ;.5,&8- +( I-;(1-4'/,-**% *(,(: '(*6&;67: )&+7-- '/894/.5 %' I+-4*(347 +( -+3(.H67: I*-*9 7I )&+7-3&.&+(,5U- 4-7*A(.)-67F*5< )&.&V. `% '(*6&;67% +-S )(V85,7349 ;&.&(3) '.54&.7: )&+7-(3,71&*(347,7+;(,7+*( +(.(I=8%+/ )&+7-;.(- 34(./ *& %',7+('.&)8&*(: 3534&)5, - %' 473*( ;(S+*-*(: I 7**(-,-67F*5) '(*4&'34() 3/1-3*(=( 3/3;78934,-. 116

117 $,'!) * TC 4 ;3;;3.< 2 ;3= 117

118 -$ +* ( ", " $ $., " )& & " $ ", ",., " "!, & $ "%.!, " 118

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a,-,5f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

146 -$ +* I-37H 3;78'/,-**% (I*-F()34,(, 8534/,-**% I- +(;()(=(2 &8&'4.(**(: ;(D ); A(.)-,7+;(15*'/ 7.(I,-=5 ('(); 24&.*7 7=.5, ;.(38/<(,/-,-**% '();-'4-+53'7,, ;&.&=8%+ '7*(A789)7, 4(U(); 4&<*71*5F I-37H *-,1-**% (,5,1&**% 4-H8569, +(,7+*5'7,, =&(=.-A71*5< ' ). - + `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`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`&.(I,-=-,.&'.&-67%, '();&*3-67%, H-V-**%,7+- 1/45 <,582,-**% <; ;.-=*&**%,7.4/-89*(,15*545 -=.&- 372 (&A&'4 &);-47:); (4(4(V*&**% I -=.&35,*5) ;&.3(*-V&) 15 ;&.3(*-V&)-V&.4,(2 (&A&'4 7+&*45A7'-67:); 7=*(./,-**% (H)&- V&*9 (&A&'4 I-H(.(*&*(=( ;8(+/ ); 3;.(H- ;(H-1545 * ,( 15 -=.&372, U(,7+H5,-249,8-3*5F +(3,7+;,7+1/44% ;.51&4- *(347 +(,3&3589*(=( '.5)7*-89*(=( 3,74/; b&*+&.*5f &A&'4 7, *-.&D47, &A&'4 3-)(I-3;('(S**%, 4(H4( ;&.&+1/44% U-385,(=( A7*-8/ F /3,7+()8&**% 4(=(, U(,&39 6&F '(D)-.,7+H/,-S493% *& I7 )*(2. 3*(,*7 4&(.7: )&+7-&A&'47, (;53/249 4-'7 )&<-*7I)5,;85,/ )&+7-;.(+/'47,, U( )734%49 36&*5 * ,-: )-*7;/82,-**% ;(1/44%) 34.-</ (*-;.5'8-+, 345)/82,-**% ;(1/44% 34.-</ ;&.&+ -=.&37S2 7 * ,()); 150

151 %! *-,1-**% -/+54(.7: *-3589*569'5)/-=.&35,*5) +7%) I :< ;(+-89D5) I+7F3*&**%) /.&-89*()/ V5447 (* ,( %' +(;/345)5F 3;(37H,5.7D&**% H/+9-%'5< ;.(H8&)); 345)/8%67%, IH/+V&**% -=.&35,*5< 7*345*'47, -/+54(.7:, :: -;&454/ 34(3(,*( 36&* * ,- ((3(H85,( ;.(%,8%S493%, -/+54(.7: I ;(./D&*(2 ;35<7'(2); ;.5U&;8&**% -/+54(.7: ;(1/44% H-F+/V(347 +( V&.4, * ,-, I*5V&**% ;(.(=/ 1/485,(347 34(3(,*( ;.(%,7, * ,-,.&-89*()/ V5447; ' *5F,,7.4/-89*5F 7 H&I;&1*5F +8% (4(1&**%,5<7+ -=.&35,*5< &)(67F, U( *& ;.5I,(+%49 +( *&=-45,*5< *-387+'7,. (.&17, 3(67(8(=71*7 +(387+V&**%, 678()/ ;('-I/249, U(, *&I,-V-215 *- 3/3;789*7.(IH7V*(347 I ;.5,(+/,;85,/ )&- +7-* ,-,.(I,-V-89*- ;.(+/'67%, U( *& ) ;(+7H*5< 36&* ('7*(/4&8&'()&+7:, )5.*7 7=.-D'5 4- '(); 24&.*7 7=.5 4(U(), *-H-=-4( ;(;/8%.*7D-, *7V -*-8(=71*- ;.(+/'67% I 4&)-- 45'(2 * ,-.! % %:!%!)% 05U& FD8(3% ;.( 3/;&.&185,5F,;85, </+(V*9(-.(I,-V-89*(: 7*A(.)-67:. & )&*D.7I'7 ;.(45.711% 3;(34&.7= % F / A/*'67(*/,-**7 7*A(.)-67: 3(67-89*(:, I('.&)- ;(87-451*(:. 0(*5 (3(H85,( ;()74*7 ;.5.(I=8%+7 *- )7'.(.7,*7, '(85 F+&493% ;.( (3(H ('.&)5F I-37H )-3(,(: 7*A(.)-67:. 0'-I-*7 *-)5 15**5'5 *&;(,*(=( 4- *&4(1*(=( 3;.5F*%44% 7*A(.)-67: /1-3*5'-)5 7*A(.)-67F*(=( ;.(6&3/ %3'.-,(,5%,- 8%2493% ; *&(.+5*-.*5< ;(+7F / V5447 3/3;78934,-. C-', ;.(,&+&*5F *-D5) *3454/4() '(*4&*4--*-87I /'.-:*39'(: 4-.(- 37F39'(: ;.&35 (+(387+V&*( I) )-3(,5< =-I&4 I- ;&.7(+, (; ;( *% , 4(H4( I- +,- )73%67 151

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Š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a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`& 1-345*- I-=-89*(: '/894/.5, ;(, %I-*(: 7I K. K (+*(=( H('/ / 3(67-89*()/ ;8-*7 ('/894/.- 3/3;78934,- )&+7-'/894/.- 3/3;7-8934,-). K 7*D(=( H('/, (3(H53473*()/ ('/894/ *5 )&+7-'/894/ *5), '(85 -'6&*4/S493%,I-S)(+7% 82+5*5 I7 3,74() )&+7-, :: 3;.5F*%44% 7 4,(.1& 3-)(,5.-V&**% 1&.&I K, U(, (34-4(1*()/ ;7+3/)'/ I-H&I;&1/249 ;(,*(67**&,'821&*- *% 82+5*5, V544% 3/3;78934,-. 154

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`&F A-'4 3-) ;( 3(H7 +(3549 3/;&.&185,5F, -)H7,-8&*4*5F 7 (67*2- S493% ;(-.7I*()/. 164

165 $'. -F3589*7D5F,;85, 4&8&H-1&**%, '.7) F(=(,8-345,( I)734(,(: 34(.(*5, 6& 3-)& F(=( 73*/,-**%, F(=( ;(347F*- +(34/;*7349, I,51*- ;.53/4*7349 ;.-'451*(, '(V*()/ H/+5*'/, F(=( I+-4*7349 I,&345 3(4*7 )789F(*7, =.()-+%* +(.7,*% ;-35,- *5< =8%+-17, ;.(4%=() H789D(: 1-345*5 :<*9(=( V544%. C&8&H-- 1&**% 4-'(V I,(+549 +( )7*7)/)/ (3(H53473*7,I-S)(+7:,3&.&+5- *7.(+5*5 4-3;7,4(,-.534,-. 3*(,*7 A(.)5 F V-*.5 4&8&H-1&**% 3&.7-85, 4&8&A789)5, '()&+7:, )/894A789)5. *- ;(34.-+%*39'7F 4&.54(.7: )-85 3,(2 (3(H85,/ 734(.72,(*5 I-;(,*585 *7D7,.-*7D& 678'() I-F*%47 7*D5)5 </+(V*7)5 %,5U-)5. T-)&, &;(</.(I,-8/,7415I*%*(=( '7*(- ;.('-4/ 3&.7-85 ;.5FD85 4- I-,(2,-85 =7=-*439'/ -/+54(.72. K 45< ;7. '7*(;.('-4 *-.(+5,3% I-*(,( F /3;7D*(.(I,5,-S493%, -8& 3&.7-89*- -/+54(.7% IH&.7=-S493%. )45 ** *-!7 7 /5&!/ * 55 =(8(,*- A&*()&*(8(=7-1*- (I*-'- 3&.7-8/. `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`&,)78( 345)/82S493% -/+7(- 7,7+&(.%+() (I=-- +-F)( <(1- H5,7+()5F )/8943&.7-8 ;.( C()- 7 V&..7). (+&87 ;(,&+7*'5, %'7 +&)(*34./249 =&.(: &'.-*/, )-249,&851&I*/ ;.5,-H85,7349. <*% </87=-*39'- ;(,&+7*'- *7%' *& '-- 166

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`78'() (1&,5+*(, U( )-3-)&+7- I :<*9(2 ;(347F*(2 +5*-)7-171

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`& 3, ;.( ;.(45.711% 7+&-89*5< (H.-I7,, 3;.5F)-*5< *- 4&8&&'.-*7 +749)5 /, ('7,:,5=-+-- *7,,7+3/4*7,.&-89*(347 ;&.3(*-V7 )/894A789)7, 7.& *7 ;&.3(*-V7 *(,5* -H( 3&.7-87,. `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177 '!* D-H8(**5< I(.(,5< I(H.-V&*9 I-=.(I5.(I,54'/ 7*4&8&'4/-89*(: ;-35,*(347, 3;(V5,-69'(347? `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hildren and television: a semiotic approach / Robert Hodge and David Tripp. Cambridge, U. K.; Oxford, U. K., Bachmair B. Media socialisation and the culturally dominant mode of representation On the way from the coherent media to semiotic spaces, the example of Popstars // MedienPädagogik June '/334,( '5*(. (3',-, D8&*5& 5 4,(.1&34,(. (3',-, & K.. 3*(, '5*( 34&45'5. C&(.5% 5 534(.5% '5- *(: 1&H. ;(3(H5&. T H., &.3;&'45,.-I,545% '/894/.*(-534(.51&3'(F 4&(.55 / (+.&+. 0. C. /+.%,6&,-. (3',-,

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

180 /01' ;54-**% I- +(;()(=(2 +(.(385<, 4- F *& I-,V+5 +(.(387 )(V/49 ;.5F45 *- +(;()(=/. 3(H85,(347 3;.5F*%44% F (3,(S**% D('8-3*5'-)5 7*A(.)-67: I-8&V-49,7+ 4(=( 3&.&+(,5U-, 4(=( '(8-3;78'/,-**% 7 4(=( 3(67('/894/.*(=( 7 +/<(,*(=( '(*4&'34/,, %'5<,7+H/,-S493%,I-S)(+7% I 7*A(.)-67F*5) '-*-8(). `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b./*4% +8% *-FH789D *&=-45,*5< )(+&8&F 3(67-89*(: ;(,&+7*'5. 180

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`7.&I/ I-F,5F.-I ;7+4,&.+V/249, U( *-F;(D5.&*7D7) 3;(3(H() ;.(,&+&**% +(I,788%,37)-,7'(,5)5 '-4&=(.7%)5 /'.-:*67, S ;&.&=8%+ 4&8&- ;&.&+-1. K &'.-*- 4&8&,7I(.- ;(15*-S493% I*-F()34,( +545*5 I )&- +7-3,74(). T-)& H-49'5 ;.5, */ +( 4&8&,7I(.- ;(15- *-215 I.-**9(=(,7'/. U( V )5 H-15)( / =8(H-89*()/ )-3-184

185 % D4-H7? K- +-*5)5-67(*-89*(: 3;78'5 37)&F*5< -3(67-67F (UNAF), *&;(,*(874* ;.(,(+%49 U(.71*( 1400 =(+5*, '(*- 4-'4/215 I.7I*5)5 &'.-**5)5 )&+7-, 4(+7 %' *- 3;78'/,-**% I H-49'-)5,(*5, / 3&.&+*9()/ 85D& 154 =(+5*5! -- V/49, / H-49'7, 1-3/ *- 3;78'/,-**% *&,534-1-S, *- I-;(,- *2S 6&F +&A7654, 3;78'/ I 4&8&,7I(.() 15 '(); 24&.(). 8& ;.(H8&)-, )(V85,(, '.5S493% =85HD&. -D7 +(387+V&**% ;('-I-85,5U5F.7,&*9 )&+7-'/894/.5 45< H-49'7,, %'7.-I() I +749)5 +5,8%493% 4&8&,7I(. 7 ;(47) (H=(,(.2249 ;(H-1&*&. ;.515*- 4/4 *&, 4()/, U(,5U- )&+7-'/894/.- H-49'7, *& +(I,(- 8%S :) I-85D-45 3,(:< +74&F H&I +(;()(=5 / 3,747 7*A(.)-67:. ;.(6&37 3;789*(: )&+7-;.-'45'5 I.(34-S )&+7-'/894/.- *& 4789'5 +74&F, - F H-49'7,. (.(385) *&(H<7+*( 3-)5) +(H.& (.7S*4/,-4539 / 3,747 )&+7-, U(H +(;()(=45, 69()/ +545*7. 7-8(=, H&37+- +(;()-= H-49'-) I.(I/) ,8&**% +545*5 +( ;(H-1&*(=( *- &'-.-*7, -'45,7I/249 :: /,-=/ *- '821(,5< )()&*4-< 7 ;&.3(*-V-<. +8% 69(=( I() ;7I*-,-45 -I5 )&+7-, *-)-=-453% 3-)(- 347F*( F '.5451*( (3)5382,-45 )&+7-4&'345, 45< '(- +-<, U( ;.(;(*/249 *-) K. )(V85,(, F /15453% 3;789*( 34,(.2,-45,8-3*7 37)&F*7 )&+7-;.(+/'45. +& *- 6& H ? ; H-49'5. &<-F 65) I-F)-S493% D'( &1(- )/,(*5 ;.-,7 D'(8-,V& *& )(V& I-85D-453% (34(.(*9 7 I-- ;82U/,-45 (17 *- ;.(H8&)/. 8& I H-49'7,,7+;(,7+-89*(347 I- 4&, %'(2 (3(H ,5.(34& :<*% +545*-, *7<4( *7'(85 *& I*7- +!+!!? *-D(=( +(387+V&**% )&+7-'/894/.5 *-3&8&**% '.-:*5 )5 3;&67-89*( 34-,585 I-;54-**% H-49'-) 7 +74%), %'7 185

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c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209 3!4* /)! 'U(.(I=8%*/45,5)7. " $*$!, H-15)( 7*D7 4&*+&*67: (4-H8. 5)..5,&.4-S /,-=/ 4&, U( ;.%)& I-;54-**% U(- +(,7.5, I-=-8() ;.-,589*&,7+(H.-V&**% V544% 4&8&H-1&**%) *&,5%,8%S -V *-+4(,&85'5<.&=7(*-89*5<.(IH7V*(34&F, %'7 ;.(4534-,8%85 H ('.&)7.&=7(*5 (+5* (+*()/, <(1- I-=-8() *- T<(+7 4-7,+*7 *5V17 I*-1&**%, *7V *- K-<(+7 F / `&*4.7. $&5 5 $*$! 7,"!#$:,$$! 6$8 "#%H#$+, "*$! ( % / 52) 07.2, U( 4&8&H-- 1&**% I-=-8() ;.--,589*(,7+(H.-V-S V544%.#"7 CC! 7- '?8 (.-35,/ +545*/,5'(.534(-,/249 /.&'8-)7 I )&4(2 )-*7;/8%67: ) #7*C! 6!/ ( &*7,+-S493% ;(- )71-45 A-89D '()&*- 4-4(.- ) 1$C! '",-,$! ( $.&D/49 /37, 4789'5 '(V*5F ;(-3,(S)/ ) C! 6!" ( G ;&.&+-17, %'7 % *& +5,545)/3% I- V(+- *5< (H34-,5* ) 7,&*9.& *(347 #- 7 '#,%" F( " (,! 21,5 26,0 26,5 15,8 17,4 33,6 40,3 29,4 30,7 41,3 25,0 33,1 20,2 23,3 30,0 45,1 61,7 40,4 41,7 43,7 24,4 31,8 22,1 20,8 29,7.$#- + "- + H* $"-!#)#.R $"-!#)# 209

210 23'4.5,&.4-S 4-'(V /,-=/, U( *5I9'(=(.7,*%.& *(- 347 *& )-S -/+54(.7% V(+*(=( I.&=7(*7, '.-:*5..7) 4(=(, *&,5%,8&*( I*-1*(: '(.&8%67: )7V '(*4&'34/-89* & *7342. C-', *- K-<(+7 4-7,+*7, %'7,7+.7I*%853% I- '(*4&'3-4/-89*7342,.& *7349,5U-, *7V, 7*D5< +,(<.&=7(*-< '.-:*5. 7,+&**()/ 7 K-<7+*()/.&=7(*-< (;54-*7,5%,585 )&*D/, *7V / 678()/ ;(,5H7.67, I+-4*7349 ;() &8&,7I7F- *7 )-*7;/8%67: 4- A-89D / '()&*4-.%< 4&8&V/.*-87347,. &3- ;(*+&*45 K-<7+*(=(.&=7(*/ 4-'(V ;()74*(,5.7I*%2493% *&- I=(+(2 7I 3/+V&**%)5: %! *,! - * 2 + 0, 5 5 2*5 *- (61,7 7 31,8% ;.(45 45,1 7 24,4% ;(,5H7.67, 678()/). 5I9'5F ;(.7= '.5451*(347 3;.5F)-**% )&+7-7*A(.)-67: ;('-- I-85 4-'(V.&3;(*+&*45 K-<7+*(=(.&=7(*/; *-H85V-S493% +( *5I9'(=( '.5451*7349 )(8(+7 7,+*%, 4(+7 %' / T<7+*()/ ;(- '-I*5'5 *-F,5U7. 'U(.(I=8%*&)( I, %I(' +,(<,5)7.7, '(*4&'34/-89*( & *(347, 4( ;(H-15)(, U( 85D& (+5* 7I ;('-I*5'7,.& *(347 (5*! 6!) ;(,4(.2S 4&*+&*67:.&=7(- *-89*(=(.(I;(+78/ '(*4&'34/-89*( <.-F(*-<, +& '(*- 4&'34/-89*7349,5U-, ;&.&,-V-S,5H7.'(,7349 I- 45;() A7894./-,-**% (,7+4(.=*&**%, /*5'-**%) ;&,*(: 1-345*5 7*A(.)-67:. )(,7.*( ;.5;/34545, U( I- *5I9'(: '(*4&'34/-89*(347 A A(.)/2493% =7.D& (<(1-6& ;(4.&H/S +(+-4'(,5< +(387+V&*9). C-'5) 15*(), '.54&.7F.& *(347 +-, )(V85,7349,5%,545.&=7(*-89*7.(IH7V*(347 )&+7-,7.4/-89*(347, 34,(.&- *(: 4&.54(.7-89*5)5 3;789*(4-)5 4&8&-/+54(.7F. (V*- 34,&.+V/,-45, U( 34/;7*9.& *(347 *& )-S ;.%)(: I-- 8&V*(347,7+ '(*4&'34/-89*(347, 4(H4( '.5451*7349 *& I)&*- D/S493%,*-387+(' +7: )&<-*7I)/ +(H/+(,/,-**%.&-89*(347 *- (3*(,7 7*A(.)-67F*(=( ;.(+/'4/,5<(+%15 7I 3-)(=( 85D& A-'4/ (45 '(*4-'47, I )&+7-. 3'789'5 *- K-<(+7 F 7,+*7 ;('-I*5'5 '.5451*(347 *5V17, *7V I-=-8() ;( '.-:*7,, 65<.&- 210

211 3!4* =7(*-<,-.4( ;.5+78%45 H789D& /,-=5.(I,54'(,7 3-)& 67S: 3'8-+(,(: )&+7-'();&4&*4*(347. /)!!! `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`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`&*4.-89*(=(.&=7(*/. (8(+9 I-<7+*5< (H8-34&F,5;.-,+(,/S H-49'7,, ;( *-,7+3/4*7349 / *5< 1-3/ +8% 3;789*(=( ;&.&=8%+/ 4- (H=(,(-.&**% 4&8&;&.&+-1. $789D '-4&=(.51*7 / 69()/ ;54-**7 :<*7.(,&3- *5'5 I 7*D5<.&=7(*7, '.-:*5. C-', /1*7 4-34/+&*45 `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

214 23'4 /)! #! 34-**7F 7I,5)7.7,,7.4/-89*(347 "$"$#$! (.&- 3/.3(,7349) <-.-'4&.5I/S ;(4&*672 *-+-**%.&3/.37,, %'7 )(V/49 H/45,5'(.534-*7 '()/*7'-4(.() (4-H8. 7). &3/.35 '(.53*(347 +( I*()-*74*7.&'.&-67F*7,.(I,5,-89*7, 7*A(.)-67F*7 4(U(. 5 I(3&.&+5853% *- *2! **. 69()/.-'/.37 *-FH789D ;.-=)-451*& &'3;8/-4/,-**% )&+7-,7.4/- -89*(347 S <-.-'4&.*5) +8% )(8(+7 `&*4.-89*(=(.&=7(*/, *-H85- V-S493% +( *9(=( T<7+. -F)&*D& *- (4.5)-**%,5=(+5,7+,7+34&- V&**% I)7*, 7*A(.)-67F*()/ ;.(34(.7 *-8-D4(,-*- )(8(+9 K-<(- +/, *- 7,+*7 ;('-I*5'5.&3/.3(,(347 S 4-'(V *5I9'5) ( *-=(8(3545, U( *-FH789D5F ;(4%= +( /1-347, 20*,5%,8&*(, /1*7, 7 34/+&*47, `&*4.-89*(=(.&=7(*/. $&5 7 $"$#$!: '#?? "$"$, #7#, ( % / 52) C$ *-+5<-S *(-,5)5 7+&%)5 0-V85,(,7+34&- V/,-45 I)7*5, 7*A(.)-67F*()/ ;.(34(.7,,7+ 69(- =( )(V* ,(2,5=(+/ &*7 67'-,( H/8( H 3-)()/ 34,(.5-45,7+&(A789) 7,&*9.&3/.3(I+-4*(347 #- 7 '#,%" F( " (,! 41,2 42,2 50,2 36,3 31,7 36,4 22,7 40,8 41,1 35,3 59,6 57,8 68,6 53,9 54,9! $#- + "- +!- +.5,&.4-S /,-=/ I,(.(4*5F I, %I(' )7V.&3/.3(, & *7342 )&+7-,7.4/-89*(347,.(I;(+787.&=7(*-89*5<,7+)7**(34&F: / 45<.&=7(*-<, +&,5U- '.5451*7349,,5U5) S 7.&- 3/.3(,& ;.-=)-451*&,5'(.534-**%,7.4/-89*(347.

215 3!4* 07I/-89*( ;.&+34-,545,7+)7**(347,5)7.7, )&+7-,7.4/-89*(347,.7I*5<.&=7(*-< '.-:*5 +(I,(8%S ;&8234'(,- +7-=.-)- (.53. 6). ="#,$! =#$!$! $*$! ("*$!) $"$#$!,$! $. 6. #** 2!* / =7 1 +'! #! - I-,&.D&**% <(478(39 H5 I-I*-1545 I-=-8(),53('& H-V-*- *% )(8(+7 4,(.1(.&-87I/,-453%, )&+7-3A&.7: H789D(347 67'-,( H/8( H 3-)()/ 34,(.545,7+&(A789). `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

216 23'4 *(347,.& *( '45,*(347. 7,+&**5F.&=7(*,5.7I*%- S493% *5I9'(2 '(*4&'34/-89*7342 F -'45,*7342, -8& )-S )-FV& 4-'5F 3-)5F,53('5F.7,&*9.& *( T<(+7,5%,8&*( *-F,5U5F.7,&*9 '&.(,-*(347 I- 3&.&+*7< I*-1&*9 /37< 7*D5<,5)7.7,,7.4/-89*(347. 8% `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j. 3,74-7 I-3(H5 )-3(,(: 7*A(.)-67:. 5:,, ,. -*5;/8%65% 3(I*-*5&). 5&,, ,,,. &45 ;.(6&33(.-: -' *4&.*&4 5,5+&(5=.- A(.)5./24 I-,4.-D*5<,I.(38 <. '-4&.5*H/.=, c. T. 4'. 45&. (3',-, #.. &43'-% (,(I.-34*-%) ;35<(8(=5%: 1&H*5'. (3',-, %. &+7-: '8217 +(.(I/)7**%. E9,7,, **! , 3/1-3*()/ 3,747 // 05H.-*7 4,(.5. 5:,,

217 "''"5 KE 6 EK. ; ;;. ; F=!!,. 4 -! 1!!% % 738%./=(: 3,74(,(:,7F*5 ;(15*-S493%.(I,54(' &8&'4-.(**(-(H15382,-89*(: ('(); 24&.*(:) 4&<*7'5. K.(34-**% ;(- 4/V*(347 '(); 24&.7, 4- ;(4.&H5 / D,5+'7F ;&.&.(H67 F 4.-*3-82,-**7 7*A(.)-67: ;.5,(+%49 +( *&(H<7+*(347 34,(.&**% (;&.-- 45,*5< I-3(H7, ;&.&+-**% +-*5< 7I '(); 24&.- *- '(); 24&.. C-'5) 15*() ;( *7: I, %I'/ I *(,5)5 <-.-'4&.5345'-)5, U( +(I,(8%249 34,(.2,-45 )&.&V7 7I '(); 24&.7,. &.&V- *4&.*&4,&+& 3,(2 734(.72,7+ ARPANET. `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

218 67'.") *( ;&.&+-,-8-3% D,5+'73*5)5 87*7%)5 I, %I'/, - ;&.&+ (34-*- *9(2 4(1'(2 )-.D./4/ +-*7 I*(,/ ;(S+*/,-853%. K-,+%'5 69()/ )&.&V- H/8- *&,.-I85,(2 +( )(V85,5< *-;-+7,: %'U( 1-345*/ )&.&V7 I*5U&*(, 4(+7 7*A(.)-67% -,4()-451*( ;&.&-+.&3(,/S49-3% I- 7*D5) )-.D./4() ('5 +( ARPANET H/85 ;7+ S+*-*7 4-'(V,7F39'(,7 '(); 24&.5 3(2I*5'7, TY I.7I*5< 1-345* 3,74/. C-'5) 15*() )&.&V )7V*-.(+*(2. 3#! # )! AA ARPANET H/8-.(I+78&*- *- 65,789*/ (Arpa Internet) 4-,7F39'(,/ (Milnet). &.&I +&%'5F 1-3 A/*'67: /;.-,- 87**% 7 4&<*71*(=( (H38/=(,/,-**% 65,789*(: )&.&V7,7F39'(,7 ;&.& (*-89*()/ *-/'(,()/ A(*+/ TY, (3'789'5 *-/- '(,7 (.=-*7I-67: )-85 ;(4.&H/, H&I;(3&.&+*9()/ ;&.&+-**7 7*- A(.)-67: I '(); 24&.- *- '(); 24&.. (34/;(,( +( 67S: )&.&V7 ;7+' % /*7,&.354&45, *-/'(,(-+(387+*7 7*3454/45, /.%+(,7 /34-*(,5 4(U(. - ;(1-4'/ 1990-<.('7, Arpa Internet ;&.&4,(-.5,3% *- =8(H-89*/ )&.&V/ )&.&V, %'-.(I;(, % ;(,37F ;8-*&47 F *-I,/ Internet (,7+ -*=8. internetworking (H)7* )7V )&.&V-)5). Arpa Internet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

219 "''"5 4&.*5< )&.&V Matrix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c&.('7, 20 4()/ +( (3*(,*5< K F*(,7+*(3585 ;.&3/,.-+7()(,8&**% F 4&8&H-1&**%. 5*7 )&.&V- *4&.*&4,,-- V-S493% 1&4,&.45) 34(,;() )-3(,(: '()/*7'-67:..(4& *-I,-- 219

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book, Po3ket-book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`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`&F -3;&'4,;85-,/ *- '7H&.3;(V5,-1- )(V*- *-I,-45 6& 4.! # + +*5) 7I *-387+'7, *-+)7.*(=( '7H&.,;85,/ S ;(=7.D&**% 34(3/*'7, / 37) :. $-49'5, %'7 *-)-=-2493%,7+7.,-45 3,(2 +545*/,7+ '(); 24&.-, 3;.5F)-2493% *&2 %' U(39 *-, %I85,&, U( ;(- 347F*( I-,-V-S,-V85,7F 3;.-,7. 4-' A(.)/2493% *&=-45,*7 *-34-*(,8&**% ( ) +545*5,7+*(3*( H-49'7, 4-7*D5<.7+*5<. (+&'(85 34(3/*'5 *-'-8%2493% 4-', U( )7V 18&*-)5 37) : I(,37),4.-1-S493% 3;789*- )(,-. ( 69(=( U& +(+-S493% ;.(;-=-*+- *(,74*7< )&4(+7,,5<(,-**% +74&F, %'7 ;&.&+H *-+-**% :) ;(,*(: 3,(H(+5.(I,54'/, *&+(;/345)7349 H/+9-%'(=( 453'/. C-'7 )&4(+5 +/V& +(H.& I-3,(2249 ;7+874'5 7 ;.5 '(V*7F *-=(+7 +&'8-./249 :< H-49'-). 3/1-3*5< +74&F 4-'(V +/V& +(- H.&.(I,5*&*&,)7**% 453*/45 *- H-49'7,39'7 ;(1/44% ;.(,5*5,,'-I/,-45 *- :<*7 ;()58'5. `7 4-'451*7 ;&.&,-=5, %'7 1-34(-=/34( 254

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iphone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

274 67'.") "! 7H&.I-8&V*7 (3(H5 ;.53,%1/249 )/8945)& '5 1-3/, U(,.&D47-.&D4 (34-**7 ;(15*-249 (H/)(,82,-45 :<*S.&- -89*& V544%, ;.5 1()/ +( 4-'(: )&V7, U( )(V*- '(*34-4/,-45,5*5'*&**% &7 ;35<71*(=( ;.(6&3/, I- %'(=( 7*+5,7+ ;&.&34-S,7.545,.&-89*7349 *-,'(85D*7<.&1&F -H( 734(4 7 I-- )5'-S493% / 3,(:F,7.4/-89*7F (H(8(*67. %+ +(387+*5'7, (Lüdtke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`& +&U( 3<(V& I,7+()5) <(H7-3;78'/,-**%) / ;7+874'(,()/,767, '(85 3-)- 4&)- *& S,-V85-,(2: -H5 ;.(34( =(,( K- /)(,5 *-+4( 4.5,-8(=( ;&.&H/,-**% ;&.&+ &'.-*() 4&- 8&,7I(.- 15 )(*74(.() '(); 24&.- )(V*- =(,(.545 ;.( A(.)/-,-**% 2!*/ 2*6/ %' ;.(%,/ )&+7-I-8&V*(347. _+&493% ;.( 7*A(.)-67F*& ;&.&,-*4-V&**%,*-387+(' *-, %I85,(:, *&;&.&H(.*(: ;(4.&H5 / ;(D/'/ 7*A(.)-67:. 274

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homo sapiens *- homo medias..5 69()/ 3,74 )-3-)&+7-,5)-=-S,7+ *-3 H/45 *& 34789'5.(I/)*5)5, 3'789'5 -'4/-89*5)5 7 )-'- 35)-89*(,7+'.545)5 +8% 3;.5F)-**% 7*A(.)-67:. `& 3,(S2 1&.- =(2 ;(.(+V/S *&(H<7+*7349 A(.)/,-**% 3;(3(H7, -'45,*(=(, '.5451*(=( 3;(V5,-**% )&+7-;.(+/'67:,,)7**% (.7S*4/,-453%, 275

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b./*4(,/215 A&*()&* )&+7-I-8&V*(347 / '(*4&'347 A(.)/,-**% )&+7-'/894/.5, *&(H<7+*( I.(H545 *-- =(8(3 *- * 3;(V5,-17, ;.(+/'67: )-3- )&+7-, ;&.&+/37) *- /)7**7,&345 -'45,*/ (H(.(*/,7+ ;(4('7, K. '45,*/ 4()/, U(,7+ 65< ;(4('7, *& ;(4.7H*(,7+=(.(- +V/,-453%, - 3)785,( 1&.;-45 I *5<, A7894./,-45 7 H.-45 ;( )(- 277

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ŠT 7V*-.(+*(: ; * ,( *- &'.-*7. `% (.=-*7I-67%, U( 3;7,.(H74*51-S I H-=-49)- )&+7-;&+-=(=-)5 3,74/, (.=-*7I/S )7V*-.(+*7 *-/'(,(- ;&+-=(=71*7 '(*A&.&*67:,,5;/3'-S 3;&67-89*7 V/.* '*5- =5, -, *4&.*&47 )-S 3-F45, ;.53,%1&*7,7+;(,7+*5) ;.(H8&- )-). 47), H789D7349 /1-3*5'7, 69(=(./</ +(H.&.(I/)7249, U(, '.7) H(.(49H5 ;.(45 &'.-**(=( * ,-,,-.4( -'45,*(.(I,5,-45 )&+7-(3,74/ D'(8%.7, 7 )(8(+7, 3;.%)(,-*/ *- A(.- )/,-**% '.5451*(=(, 3-)(347F*(=(, 4,(.1(=( )538&**%..(45,*5'5 7* S'67F*(: 4&(.7: )&+7-(3,745 3;.-,&+85,( 287

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

289 !!! `&F ;7+<7+,7+()5F ;7+ *-I,(2 2* 5 & S493% *- /,-I7, U( /1*7 ;(,5**7,)745 ;.-62-,-45 I )&+7--;-.-4/.(2 4-' 3-)( +(H.&, %' I*-45 +-*/ 4-H '451*7 )&+7-;&+-=(=5 4-'(V,,-V-249, U(,;85, )&+7- *- -/+54(.72 (H)&V&*5F, 4()/ =(8(,*& 6& *-,1545 D'(8%.7, (15,154&87,),5'(.534(,/,-45 )&+7--;-.-4/./. K,7+35 ;7+,5U&**% /,-=5 +(,5,1&**% 4&<*71*(=( ;.58-++%, +( A(.)/,-**% ;.-'451*5< /)7*9 '(.534/,-453% -;-.-4/.(2,, 4()/ % 34,(.&**%,8-3*5< )&+7-4&'347,. 6& (I*-- 1-S: )7*7)/) )7.'/,-*9 7 -*-87I/, )-'35)/),5'(*-,39'(: ;.-'45'5. T9(=(+*7 +-*5F *-;.%)(' )&+7-(3,745 )-S 15)-8( ;.5- <589*5'7, 3&.&+ I-./H7V*5< ;&+-=(=7,, U(,,-V-249 -*-87I )&+7-4&'347, =-%**%) 1-3/ 7, ;&.&,-=/ ;.-'451*5),;.-,-) / =/.4'-< 2*5< '7*()&<-*7'7,, (;&.-4(.7,, A(4(=.-- A7, 4(U(. (I545,() 69(=( ;7+<(+/ S (.7S*4/,-**% *-,8-3*/ ;.(+/'45,*/ +7%89*7349, *&+(87'() I,/V&*&.(I/)7**% ;.-'- 45'5 85D& %'.(H(45 I 4&<*7'(2, H&I /.-</,-**% &8&)&*47, 3(67-89*(: ;.-'45'5, 3(67-89*(=(,;85,/, U( )(V/49 H/45 +(- 3%=*/47 I +(;()(=(2 )&+7-;.(+/'67:.! #+! 3*(,(2 67S: 4&(.7: )(V*-,,-V-45 ;7+<7+, I=7+*( I %'5) )-3-)&+7- /%,8%2493% 1&4,&.4(2,8-+(2, U( ;(D5.2S )(- +&87 ;(,&+7*'5 4-3(67-89*7 67**(347 3&.&+.7I*(.7+*(: )-35 7*+5,7+7,. K,7+35,5;85,-S ;.(,7+*- )&4- )&+7-(3,745: I-< /1*7,,7+ )-*7;/8%45,*(=(,;85,/ )&+7-,,7+ ;.()5,-*- *% )7I'7,. ;.(6&37 I-*%49 I /1*%)5 4/4,5,1-S493%,;85, )&+7- *- 7*+5,7+7, 7 3/3;78934,( I- +(;()(=(2 4-' I,-*5< '(- 289

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

293 !! = `% 4&(.7% H-=-4(, 1()/ IH7=-S493% I '/894/.(8(=71*(2 4&- (.7S2. +*-' 4/4 =(8(,*- )&4- )&+7-(3,745,H-1-S493%, 47), U(H +(;()(=45 /1*%) I.(I/)745 (3*(,*7 I-'(*5 7 )(,/ </+(V*9(=( 3;&'4.- 7*A(.)-67:,.(I,5,-45 &34&451*& (</+(V*S) 3;.5F*%44% 7 3)-', I+7H*(347 +( ',-87A7'(,-*(=( -*-87I/ </+(V*7< )&+7-4&'3-47,. 39 1()/ (3*(,*5F I)734 )&+7-(3,745 3;5.-S493% *-,5,1&*- *% )(,5 )&+7-'/894/.5, -,4(.39'(=( 3,74/ 4,(.6% </+(V*9(=( 4&'34/, 734(.7: )&+7-'/894/.5 ('7*()534&64,-, </+(V*9(=( 4&8&- H-1&**% 4(U(). &+-=(=5 ;.-=*/49 *-,1545 D'(8%.7, 15 34/+&*- 47, '.5451*()/ -*-87I(,7 </+(V*7< )&+7-4,(.7,, :< 7*4&.;.&4-67: 4- ',-87A7'(,-*()/ (67*2,-**2. 678()/ -*-87I ;.-69 I-./H7V*5< /1&*5< ;.5,(+549 +( +,(<,53*(,'7,: 1) / '(*6&;67%< )&+7-(3,745 ;&.&,-V-249,5- <(,*7, *-,1-89*7 4- '.&-45,*7 ;7+<(+5 +(,5'(.534-**% )(V- 85,(34&F )-3-)&+7-; 2) '(V*5F 7I 4&(.&451*5< ;7+<(+7, )-S.-67(*-89*& I&.*(, 3,(: ;8235, %'7 )(V*-,5'( , '(*- '.&4*5< /)(,-< '(*'.&4*(: D'(85. <! &+7-(3,74- ;('85'-*- ;.5,1-45 +( *(,(=( 45;/.(H(45 I 7*A(.)-67S2, '(85,154&89, /1&*9 7 K,34/;-249 / (.(**S 3;78'/,-**%..5 69()/ ;(347F*(,.-<(,/S493% A-'- 4(. 1/V(: +/)'5, / %,*7F 15 ;.5<(,-*7F A(.)7 ;.53/4*9(: / ;(,7+()8&**%< K;.(I;7I*-,-**% :: 3;.5%S A(.)/,-**2 67**73*5< (.7S*4-67F (3(H534(347. +&-89*5) ;7+3/)'() 34-S.&-87I-67% 4,(.1(=( ;(4&*67-8/ (3(H534(347 / H/+9-%'7F A(.- )7:,7+ /3*5<,534/;7, +( 3-)(347F*(:.(H(45 *-+ H-I-)5 293

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b./*4/,-**7 F ;.-'451- *()/ I-34(3/,-**7. c& / ŠT 4-',5I*-158( 3/49 )&+7-(3,745: -,1-**% 4&(.7: 4- ;.-'451*5< /)7*9 +8% (,(8(- +7**% 3/1-3*5)5 I-3(H-)5 )-3(,(: '()/*7'-67:, U(.(I=8%+-- S493% %' 1-345*- 3;&65A71*(: F -,4(*()*(: =-8/I7 I*-*9 / ;&- +-=(=71*7F 4&(.7: 4- ;.-'4567. _(=(,-.4(,7+.7I*%45,7+,5'(-.534-**% K %' +(;()7V*5< I-3(H7, /,5'8-+-**7 7*D5< =-- 8/I&F I*-*9. 34-**S ;.5F*%4( ;(I* &.)7*() )& '45'-.!,! (37F39'- ;&+-=(=71*- &*65'8(;&+7%,5I*-1-S )&+7-(3,74/

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b./*4/-,-**%, - F *-H/8- D5.('(=( I-34(3/,-**%. -F;()74*7D5< /3;7<7, / 296

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

298 ;<, I, %I'/ I 65),5*5'-S ;(4.&H- -*-87I/ 7.(I.(H'5 '.54&.7:,,5- I*-1&**% 45;/ *-34-*(,8&*9 *- )&+7-3;.5F)-**%,.7,*7, </+(V*9(- =(.(I,54'/ ('/894/.5) 7 )&+7-3;.5F)-**%..5 69()/ ;7+ )&+7-- 3;.5F)-**%) H/+&)(.(I/)745 3;.5F)-**% )&+7-.&-89*(347 ()&+7--,7.4/-89*(347), ;(1/447, 7 +/)(' -,4(.7, )&+7-4&'347,,,5.-V&*5<, -/+7(,7I/-89*()/, ;.(34(.(,(-1-3(,()/ (H.-I7. *! $-=-4(,5I*-1*5< +(387+*5'7, (Š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b./*4/,-**7 )&4(+51*5< (3*(, )&+7-(3,745. >! #%!! 0 /I-=-89*&*()/,5=8%+7 =(8(,*7 &4-;5.&-87I-67: H789D(3-47 )&+7-(3,74*7< ;7+<(+7, S 4-'5)5: *-H/44% I*-*9 ;.( 734(.72, 34./'4/./, )(,/ 7 4&(.7: )&+7- ((3,74*% 3'8-+(,-);.(I,54(' 3;.5F)-**% )&+7-4&'347,, 154-**% :<*9(: )(,5, -'45,7I-67% /%,5, I(.(,(: ;-) %47,.(I,54('.7I*5<,5+7, )53-298

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`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s c.. &+5-(H.-I(,-*5&, (3-355: '.-4'-% 534(.5%.-I,545%. C-=-*.(=,

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Š.. 3(,,. 0. X&+(.(,,. 0. Y-.5'(, 4-7*.), )&+7-'/894/.5 (. $. 5.58(,-); )&+7-(3,74*7 ;.(&'45, '.-:*7, I('.&)- ;.-'451*5F +(3,7+ D'(85? 77 ). E9,(,-. *-87I 4- /I-=-89*&**% *-;.-62,-*9 / 6-.5*7 )&+7-(3,745 +-S ;7+34-,/ 7*4&=./,-45 *-F'(.53*7D7 :<*7 A.-=)&*45 /,7415I- *%*/ '(*6&;672 D'789*(: )&+7-(3,745. %! 07415I*%*- '(*6&;67% D'789*(: )&+7-(3,745 b./*4/s493% *- 4-'5< ;.5*65;-<: )&+7-(3,74- S 54 / 3,747 7*A(.)-67F*(=( 3/3;789-34,-, /)(,-< ;(,32+*(=( ;(D5.&**% )&+7-'/894/.5 %' 3/3;789*(=( A&*()&*-,5.(H*564,- 4-3;(V5,-**% )&+7-- ;.(+/'67:; /3% )&+7-;.(+/'67% *& S 4(1*5),7+H54'()/,7+(H.-V&**%).&-89*(347, - S 85D& & 4.&-89*(347: /37 )&+7- ;.&I&*4/ *D7 7+&(8(=71*7 67**(347, I- %'5)5 34(%49 ;&,*7 =./;5 82+&F,,;85,(,7 -,4(.54&45, H7I*&3(,7 '(.;(.-- 67:, ;(87451*7 3585; 305

306 ? ' )&+7-(3,74- ;(, %I-*- I +5*-)71*5)5 I)7*-)5 / )&+7-- ;.(34(.7,,7+4-' )&+7-(3,74*7F ;.(6&3 +8% '(V*(: (3(H534(3-47 I+7F3*2S493% ;.(4%=() *!/ 5; )&+7-(3,74- )-S A(.)/,-45 *& 85D& '.5451*& )538&**%, - F 0 *5, '.5451*7 ;(I567: (3(H534(347, (.7S*4/-,-45 )(8(+9 +( '.5451*(=( 3;.5F)-**% )&+7-;.(+/'67:,,7+- /1/,-45,7+ ;-35,*(=( F H&I+/)*(=( :: 3;(V5,-**%; )&+7-(3,74- S *&!2 &*2, ;.-'451*7 I-*%44% )-249 ;&.&,-V-45 *-+ 4&(.&451*5)5; )&+7-(3,74- S *(,(2 A(.)( )7V /1*%)5 4-,154&8&), %'- ;&.&+H-1-S +7-8(=,,I-S)*& *-,1-*- *%; )&+7-(3,74-3;.%)(,-*- *-3-);&.&+ *- / 62-05; +5*-)71*7 I)7*5, =-8/I7 K (H/)(,82249 I-H&I;&1&**% ;&+-=(=71*(=( ;.(6&3/,5'821*( 2, 02, ; )&+7-(3,74- %' (3(H85,- =-8/I9 I*-*9 A(.)/S *& 85D& 3,7+(- )(=( F '();&4&*4*(=( )&+7-3;(V5,-1-, */ I *&I-8&V- *5),7+ 34&.&(45;7, )538&**%), 345)/82S 77-0/ & / ;.(6&37 %' 3;.5F)-**% )&+7-4&'347,, 4-' 7 34,(.&**%,8-3*5<.!! 3*(,*5)5 ;(*%44%)5 )&+7-(3,74*9(=( '/.3/ S: 2-!,!; C.1; 2/7; 2- *; 22; 2; 2&5; 2- *0; 20*!. 0(*5 ;&.&=/'/2493% I 4-'5) F*5)5 ;(*%44%)5, %' '-4&=(.7%, -=&*67%, )(,-,.&;.&- I&*4-67%, -/+54(.7%,.(I.(H8&*5)5 H.54-*39'5)5 '(8&=-)5. $&I&8=&4, V. $-/')&*(),. -.4(), %'7 4-'(V I-34(3(,/- 2493%, 7*D5< )&+7-(3,74*7< 3534&)-<. 306

307 > * (I'.5S)( H789D +&4-89*( *D7 '821(,7 ;(*%44%, %'7 3' '-4&=(.7-89*(-;(*%44S,& '(8( D'789*(=( )&+7-(3,74- *9(=( '/.3/.,5I*-1-S493% / +,(< -3;&'4-<: 3(67('/89-4/.*()/ 4- ;35<(8(=71*()/. -3-);&.&+ )&+7-'/894/.- 6& 3/- 3;789*5F A&*()&*,5.(H*564,- 4-3;(V5,-**% )&+7-;.(+/'67:, 6&,I-S)(+7%, '()/*7'-67% )7V,5.(H*5'() 4-3;(V5,-1&), (;(- 3&.&+'(,-*- 4&<*71*5)5 I-3(H-)5. &I/894-4() +7%89*(347, =-- 8/I7 )&+7-,5.(H*564,- S )&+7-;.(+/'67% /,5=8%+7 )&+7-7*A(.- )-67: 4- )&+7-)534&64,- ()&+7-4&'345), :< )-4&.7-89*5< *(37:, (=-I&45, V/.*-85, A(4(;87,'5, '7*(34.71'5, +53'5 4(U(), - 4-'(V )&+7-I-3(H7, (4&<*71*& I-H&I;&1&**%) 4- )&+7-4&<*(8(=7F (/ *-- D()/ '(*4&'347 ;.5F()5, )&4(+5, 4&<*7'5, ;35<(4&<*7'5), I--,+%'5 %'5) )&+7-;.(+/'67% %' 34,(.2S493%, 4-' 7 IH&.7=-S493%, 4.-*382S493%. 03& 6& 34-*(,549 ;.&+)&4*5F 4- +/<(,*5F -3;&'4 )&+7-'/894/.5, 678()/. 47), )&+7-'/894/.- (3(H534(347 )-S 3,(S,5I*-1&**%:,(- *- %,8%S 3(H(2 *-H/ *(2 ;35<(A7I7(8(=71*7, ;35<(8(=71*7 4-3(67-89*(-;35<(8(=71*7 (3(H85,(347 3;(V5,-**% )&+7-;.(- +/'67:. ( ;35<(8(=71*5< (3(H85,(34&F *-8&V-49: )(45,5 3;(- V5,-**%, /)7**% ;(D/'/,,7+H(./, 3;.5F)-**%, -*-87I/, (67*2-,-**%, (;.-62,-**%, IH&.7=-**% 7*A(.)-67:, (4.5)-*(: I )&+7-, - 4-'(V I-34(3/,-**% '(.53*(: 7*A(.)-67: *672,-**%,7+ *&;(4.7H*(:. ( 3(67-89*(-;35<(8(=71*5< (3(H85,(34&F *-8&- V-49 3;(3(H5 7+&*45A7'-67: 3&H& I ;&,*5)5 =./;-)5 I- '.54&.7S) )&+7-,;(+(H-*9, '()/*7'-45,*7 )& &=7: (,5.-V&**%,8-3- *(=(,*/4.7D*9(=( 3,74/ I- +(;()(=(2 )&+7-'(*4&*4/, (3(H5347-3*& 3-)(,5I*-1&**% 7 /;.-,87**% =./;(,(2-4)(3A&.(2 I- +(- ;()(=(2 )&+7-,,;85, *- 7*D5< U(+( :<*9(: 7*A(.)-67F*(: ;(-,&+7*'5 4(U(), 3/3;789*( 7 =.()-+39'( I*-1/U7 )&+7-;.-'45'5. ( 4(=( V )5,5('.&)82S)( ;(*%44%!, %'- (<(;82S,7I/-89*5F -3;&'4 I-=-89*(: )&+7-'/894/

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

309 > * 387+V/215 6& ;(*%44%, *&(H<7+*( *-3-);&.&+.(I'.545 ;.(,7+*/.(89 4- I*-1/U7349 4&<*71*(=( (H8-+*-**%, 7*34./)&*4-.72 / 34,(.&**7 H/+9-%'(=( )&+7-4&'34/. C-'(V,-V85,5) S,53,748&*- *% 4-' I,-*5< 4&<*(8(=7F ;35<(8(=71*(=(,;85,/, ;.5<(,-*5< 4&<*(8(=7F 4-7*. 6& H/+9-%'- )&+7-;.(+/'67% K: +./'(,-- *5F 4&'34 / ;.&37, A(4(I(H.-V&**%, ;(,7+()8&**% ;(.-+7(, -/+7(,7I/-89*7 I(H.-V&**%, '7*(, *- 4&8&H-1&**7 -H( :<*7 A.-=- )&*45,.&'8-)-, &45'&4'- *- ;8%D67, SMS-;(,7+()8&**%,,&H- 34(.7*'-, H8(=,,7.4/-89*5F A(4(-89H() 4(U(. &+7-4&' F*( ;(+78%2493% *- 7*A(.)-67F*7, '()&.67F*7, 3(67-89*7, ;7I*-,-89*7,.(I,-V-89*7, )534&69'7, -8& 6&F ;(+78 ;(4.&H/S 3/44S,5< /4(1*&*9. -;.5'8-+, +-8&'( *&,37 '7*(A789)5 -H( 874&.-4/.*7 4,(.5 )(V*- *-I,-45 )&+7-)534&64-,(), 7 4-'(V *& '(V*- )&+7-7*A(.)-67% S ;7I*-,-89*(2 7*A(.)-- 67S2.!, 4(H4( 38(,(, (H.-I, I,/', 473*( ;(, %I-*- I ;(- ;&.&+*7) ;(*%44%)..(+/'45,*5) S I-34(3/,-**% '/894/.(8(- =71*(=(, 3&)7(451*(=(, &34&451*(=( 4- ;.-'451*(=( ;7+<(+7, +(,5,1&**% K. ;.(6&37 -*-87I/ (H.-I/ 15 A.-=)&*4- )&+7-4&'- 34/,5%,8%2493% &8&)&*45 )&+7-)(,5:,5'(.534-**% '/894/.*5< 34&.&(45;7,, -.<&45;7,, 35),(87,, I*-'7,, '(+7,, ;.5F()7,,5.-I- *( *. 0-V85,5) S.(I'.544% )&45, I %'(2 I-34(3(,/S493% 4(F 15 7*D5F )(,*5F &8&)&*4. 05,1&**% 4- +(387+V&**% )&+7-- )(,5 (<(;82S F 4&<*71*5F H7' 3;.-,5: 4/4 I-+7%*7 4-'7 +(+-4'(,7 ;(*%44%, %' A.-=)&*4/'-+., )(*4-V, './;*5F ;8-*,.-- '/.3, (H.-I 4(U(. (*%44% #,7+4,(.2S (+5* 7I,-V85-,5< ;.5*65;7, )&+7-(3,745, - 3-)&:,3% )&+7-;.(+/'67% *& S +I&.- '-89*5),7+H544%) +7F3*(347, )&+7-4&'345 ;(-.7I*()/ 3;7,,7+*(- 3%493% I *&2, 34,(.2215,8-3*7,&.37:,7.4/-89*(:.&-89*(347. C(H4(,37 K 85D&.&;.&I&*4/249.&-89*7349,,7+4,(

310 ? ' 15 7*D7 3)5385, 7+&(8(=71*7 67**(347, I- %'5)5 34(%49 ;&,*7 =./- ;5 82+&F,,;85,(,7 -,4(.54&45, H7I*&3(,7 '(.;(.-67:, ;(87451* *. '! ;&,*(2 )7.(2 +/H82S F*& ;(*%4-4% -/+54(.7%, 7 I.(I/)78(, U(,5,1&**% F(=( (<(;82,-45)& 4-- '7,-V85,7 ;(I567:, %',;85,5 )&+7- *- -/+54(.72, 45;(8(=7% 3;.5F)-**%/3;(V5,-**% )&+7-;.(+/'67:, )(45,-67% 3;(V5,-**% )&+7-;.(+/'67:, 3;.5F)-**% (+*(=( )&+7-4&'34/,.7I*5< /)(,-< 4(U(. '(*4&'347 *-D(: )(+&87 )5 ;.5+78%S)( H789D& /,-=5 3-- )& *** *0 2. c( )-S493% *- /,-I7? X(.)/-,-**% )&+7-'/894/.5 (3(H534(347,,5<(,-**% )&+7-'();&4&*4*(- =( 3;(V5,-1- )-S *& 85D&.&-87I(,/,-453% ;&+-=(=() / <(+7 *--,1-89*(=( ;.(6&3/, - F 3534&)-451*( (H=(,(.2,-453% I /1*%)5, /4(1*2,-453% I- 678%)5, ;(I567%)5, 4(H4( I+7F3*2,-453%, 7*- 4&.-'45,*7F A(.)7..7) 4(=(, (3(H53473*5F -3;&'4 3;(V5,-1- (<(;82S 4-'7 +(+-4'(,7 ;(*%44%, %' F(=(,7I/-89*& )&+7-3;.5F- )-**%, '.5451*& )538&**%, )&+7-(H+-.(,-*7349. `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

311 > * I*-**%)5,,)7**%)5 82+5*5, :: ;35<71*5).(I,54'(), 3;.%)(,-- * ,*&) (3(H53473*(: '/894/.5. &I/894-4() 3A(.)(,-*(: )&+7-'/894/.5 (3(H534( ::,7+&('/894/.5 I('.&)- S.(I,5*&*&,7+&(3;.5F)-**%, %'& ;&.&+- H-1-S: ;&.&,-V*/ A &8&'672,7+&()-4&.7-8/; F(=( b./*4(,*5f &451*(-&34&451*5F -*-87I; (67*2,-**%, &)(67F*& 34-,8&**% +( *9(=(; 4,(.1/ 7*4&.;.&4-672 %' ;&.&(3)538&**% 3;.5F*%4(=(, 4-' 7 '(*34./2,-**% 3/H S'45,*( *(,5< (H.-I7, 7 3)5387,. " %,8%S 3(H(2 '(=*745,*/ -*-8745'(- 35*4&451*/ I+-4*7349 +( ;(&4-;*(=( -*-87I/, 8(=71*( -.=/)&*4(,-- *(=( 3/+V&**% U(+( I)734/ F A(.)5 )&+7-4&'347,, - 4-'(V 3-)(- 347F*7349, *&I-8&V*7349 )538&**%,7+ 34&.&(45;7,,.&I/894-4() 1(=( S A(.)/,-**%,8-3*(: ;(I567: U(+( H/+9-%'5< )&+7-4&'347,..5451*& )538&**% S +/V&,-V85,5) )()&*4() / ;.(6&37 A(.)/,-**% )&+7-'/894/.5 (3(H534(347, -8& *&(H<7+*(,7+.7I*%- 45 '.5451*& )538&**% %' I+-4*7349 (3(H534(347 +( -+&',-4*(=( 3;.5F)-**% )&+7-;.(+/'67:,7+ '.5451*(=( *-34-*(,8&**% U(+( )&+7-'/894/.5 I-=-8(). +! (3(H534(347.(I=8%+-S493% *-)5 %' ;.(%,8&*5F 4,(.15F ;(4&*67-8 )&+7-3;(V5,-1- (/ 69()/ '(*- 4&'347 *-,749 '.-U&,5'(.534(,/,-45 ;(*%44% )&+7-'(.534/-,-1 ), %'5F -'4/-87I(,-*(, =-8/I7 )&+7-, 4-'5< (3*(,*5<,5+-< )&+7-+7%89*(347: 4&<*71*7 I+7H*(347 +( I-3,(S**%, '(.534/,-**%,.&'(*34./2,-**% )&+7-I-3(H7,; 34,(.&**%,8-3*5< )&+7-4&'347,; 4,(.1& 3;.5F)-**% 7 I-34(3/,-**% )&+7-;.(+/'67:. &+7-(H+-.(-,-*7349 S 35*4&I() 7*A(.)-67F*(: 4- '()/*7'-67F*(: (H+-.(,-- *(34&F (3(H534(347. +*5) 7I )&4(+7, ;(;&.&+*9(=(,5%,8&**% '(,(=( 345)/82,-**% )&+7-(H+-.(,-*(347 S )&4(+ *2/*. T-)(+7-=*(345'- -'45,*(-'(*34./'45,*(: (*& 3;(V5,-69'(:!) 311

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b./*4/s493% *- (3*(,7 *-+-**% /1*%) 3534&)5 I*-*9, 3;.%)(,-*5< *- (I*-F()8&**% I %,5U&) )&+7-'/- 313

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`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b./*4(,-*5). (387+V&**% )&+7-;.(+/'67:, 678()/ (.7S*4(,-*7 *-.(- I/)7**% I-'(*()7.*(34&F A/*'67(*/,-**% K &),,3&-.&+5*7 %'5<,(*5 ; T,(S2 1&.=(2,.(I/)7**% 65< ;.(- 314

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b./*4/,-**%, +(,( */); -*'&4/,-**% *- 4&)/ )&+7-'/894/.5 -H( :: -3;&'47, 4- (H=(,(.&**% F(=(.&I/894-47,;,5'(.534-**%,7+()5< ;.5F()7, (.=-*7I-67: 3;789*(:.(H(45 ( H.&F*34(.)7*=, =.(*/,-**% -3( F, '/H5' -*-87I/ (I*-' ;(*%44%, ;.-62F4& ;-.-)5, +7-=.-)- ) I- 4&)-)5 )&+7-'/894/.5 4- )&+7-;.(+/'67:; )&4(+5- '- -.=/)&*4(,-*(: (67*'5, %'- I+7F3*2S493% *- ;(H/+(,-*7F

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b./*4/s493% *- -'45,7I-67: :<*9(=( 4,(.1(=( )538&**%, U( 3,(S2 1&.=(2 ;&.&+- 317

318 ? ' H-1-S 625 0/ *4 27 5!*, 678(- )/ F 34-,8&**% +( )&+7-4&'347, I('.&)-. -,1-**% ;.5F()7, ;35<(8(=71*(=( I-<534/ I+7F3*2S493% I-,+%'5,5'(*-**2,;.-, 4- I-,+-*9 4,(.1(=( 45;/,.(I, %I(' %'5< I-,V+5 S *&(+*(I*-1*5) 7 ;&.&,(+549 ;&,*/ ;.(H8&)/ (*-- ;.5'8-+ *-, %I85,5F,7I/-89*5F (H.-I), 7*D/ ;8(U5*/: 4-', 3;.5F)-**%.&'8-)*(=( I(H.-V&**% )(V*- 3;.%)/,-45 *- 34,(-.&**% 7*D(:/*(,(: 3/H S'45,*(:,7I/-89*(:.&-89*(347. $ 52 b./*4/s493% *- I-3,(S**7 I*-*9 4-,;.-, ;.(A78-'451*(=( <-.-'4&./ 4-' I,-*(: 2//. `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

319 > * +:! (!) `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`& ;(, %I-*( I H-- =-49)- *&.(I.(H8&*5)5 ;54-**%)5 %' / 4&(.&451*(- )&4(+(8(=71*()/ ;8-*7, 4-' 7 / ;.-'451*(-(.=-*7I-67F*()/. C&3-4/,-**% /,5=8%+7 *5I'5 ;(34-,8&*5< ;54-*9 4-3/+V&*9 7I 4.9(- )-,-.7-*4-)5,7+;(,7+&F S *-FH789D (;45)-89*5) I-3(H() (67-319

320 ? ' *2,-**% / I-87'(,7F A(.)7..(4&,-V85,( *-=(8(3545 *- ;(4&*- 67:,5'(.534-**%, %'(347 7*4&=.-89*(: (67*'5 3(67-89*(- ;35<(8(=71*5< '.54&.7:,:.&I(*-*3 D'789*(: =.()-+39'(: +/)'5 U(+( 34,(.&*(=( /1*&) )&+7-;.(+/'4/ -H( I+7F3*&*(=( +(387+- *569'(=( ;.(&'4/, ;('.-U&**% 3(67()&4.51*(=( 34-4/3/ +545*5 / =./;7,*-387+(' +53'/37F 34(3(,*( )&+7-;.(+/'67: 4(U(. `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a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

322 ? ' $ 2, #$!: '"+7B7#, B7#, #CB7# (1#"7,? 7!" #$#%$#$: $,#7, "* $,? # 7'"#8) 1. *5 C.1 (387+V&**% )-3(,(: '()/*7'-67: 4- *-/'(,7 4&(.7:: 7* S'67F*-, 3&)7(451*-, '/894/.(8(=71*-, &34&451*-, )-.'353439'- 4-7*. (89 -+&',-4*(=( 3;.5F)-**% 4- '.5451*(=( )538&**% / 3,747 )&+7-.&-89*(347. ;&.-67: -+&',-4*(=( 3;.5F)-**%: /,-V*( 3;.5F)-S)( )&+7-- 4&'34, 7*4&.;.&4/S)( F(=( I)734, (3)5382S)(. ;&.-67: '.5451*(=( )538&**%: 18&*/,-**%, ;(.7,*%**%, I734-,- 8&**% ('.&)5< &8&)&*47,,,5%,8&**% 8(=7'5,5'8-+/, /I-=-89*&**% %' (67*2,-**% +-*(=( )&+7-4&'34/..5451*& ('(*34./'45,*&) )538&**%, '.5451*& *-34-*(,8&**%. &34./'45,*- +7%: '.545'- I-.-+5 '.545'5. K-=-89*- 34./'4/.- +(387+V&**% )&+7-4&'34/: 1 3;.5F)-S)( (154-S)(,.(I=8%+-S)(, +5,5)(3% F 38/<-S)(); 2 -*-87I/S)(,5+ )&+7-4&'34/, F(=( A(.)/, I)734; 3,34-*(,82S)( 3)538(,5F -'6&*4 )&+7-4&'34/ 7,5'(.534-*/ ;35<(4&<*(8(=72, )&4/, 3;.%)/,-**% )&+7-4&'34/, - 4-'(V -*-8(=72 I 7*D5)5 )&+7-4&'34-)5; 4 -.=/)&*4/S)( 3,(: +/)'5 U(+( ;.&+34-,8&*(=( )&+7-4&'34/, (67*2S)( F(=(; 5 /I-=-89*2S)( ;(;&.&+*7F -*-87I / A(.)7,8-3*(=( 3/+V&**%: 6& '(.53*- 15 *&;(4.7H*- 7*A(.)-67%? c(,(*- )&*7 +-S? X(.)/S)(,8-3*& 34-,8&**% +( )&+7-4&'34/ : *&,&851'& ;(,7+()8&**% I =-- I&45 (.(I)*(V&*& *- '3&.('37) -H(,7+&(32V&4 *(,5*, ;('-I-*5F *- /.( !: 2 &'8-)-: :: (3(H85,-.(89 / 3,747 )&+7-'/894/.5,,5I*-1&**% ;(*%44%,,5+5 F A/*'67: '(V*(=(,5+/.&'8-)5. X(.)-,5.-V&**%.&'8-)5: *-, +5*-)71*-, 4&'34(,-, %' I(H.-V&**%, %' -/+7(,7I/-89*& I(H.-V&**%. 05'(.534-**% H.&*+7, /.&'8-)7. C5: +(387+V&**%.&'8-)5 %' )&+7-4&'34/. 322

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338 ? ' -/, 34,(.&**% -*7)-67F*(=( A789)/ ;&.&+H-1-S '(8&'45,*/ 4,(.17349,, %'7F )(V/49 H.-45 / I*(=(,7- '/ 7I I-8/1&**%) 18&*7, :<*7<.(+5*. -, -*7)-67% S 47S2 /*7,&.3-89*(2 )&+7-)(,(2, %'- (4(1/S +545*/ *-.7I*5< )&+7-*(37%<,7+ )(H789*5< 4&8&A(*7, +( +5*-)71*5< =.-A71*5< I-34-,(' *-,/8567, - 4-'(V ;(S+*/S.7I*7,5+5 )&+7-;.(+/'47,. 54%1(-2*-69'- 34/+7% -*7)-67:,534/;-S 3,(S.7+*(2 *&-!-*/ *. -*5F A(.)-4 )-S *-H-=-4( D5.D7 )(V85,(347, *7V, 3'-V7)(, F*7 +54%17 34/+7: 4,(.1(347. `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`& I-'(*()7.*(, (3'789'5 -*7)-67% I-3*(,-*- *-./- 37, 4()/ I*-F()34,( I )-4&.7-8-)5,,5,1&**% :<*7<,8-345,(34&F ) *( ;(, %I/,-453% I 4&<*(8(=7S2 -*7)-67:. 0(+*(1-3 I-- */.&**%, )-4&.7-8,,5%,8&**% F(=(,8-3*(=( V544%, 1538&**5< 7.7I*()-*74*5< I, %I'7, 7I V544%) 82+39'5) 34-*(,549 +/V&,-V- 85,5F -3;&'4.(I,54'/ +545*5. 339

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342 ? ' A789)5, - ;(47) I-+(,(8&*( %,.-V&**%)5 7I +./I%) <(+549, 4-'/ 7*A(.)-672,(*5 8&='( I-3,( );&.&+ 6&,5'85'-*( +(34/;*7342 F *&;(,4(.*7342 V-*./. C()/ +-*7 ;&.&-,-=5 )/8945;87'-67: )(V*-,5'(.534(,/,-45 ;.5,5,1&**7.7I*5< ;.&+)&47, I- ;.(=.-)(2 ;(1-4'(,(: D'(85. T;&65A7'- -*7)-67: %' 67873*(=( *-;.%)/ )&+7-4,(.1(347,5I*-1-S493% 4.9()- =(8(,*5)5.53-)5. 6& )(8(+7349 )534&64,- -*7)-67:. `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`7 (3(H85,(347 -*7)-67: I)/D/249 +5,5453% *- *&: *& %' *- ;.&+)&4,5'8-+-**%, - *-3-);&.&+ %' *- I-37H /3&H71*(=(.(I,54- '/ +74&F. `7**7349 -*7)-67: ;(8%=-S, ::,7+'.54(347 +8% H/+9-%'5<,5+7, +7%89*(347, /,7+3/4*(347 (H)&V&*9, / I+-4*(347,,7H.-45, 342

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plee (1(45.5,5'(.534(,/2493% +8% I*7)-89*5< )-F+-*15'7,, +,- +8% (H.(H'5 )-4&.7-8/ 4- )(*4-V/), 1(45.)- 65A.(,5)5 '-)&.-)5 (+8% I*7)-89*5< )-F+-*15'7,), +,()-,7+&(- '-)&.-)5 Canon (+8% IF()'5,7+&(A789)7, 4- '()H7*(,-*5< IF()('). #/& 34/+7% (<(;82S +74&F 4-2*-64,(,7'(),7+ 4.('7, +( 21.('/: 3-)&, 1( *()/, '45,*5-343

344 ? ' )5 3;(V5,-1-)5 )&+7-, ;&.&+/37) &'.-**5< )534&64,, 7 )(V/49 +(8/1-453% +(.(H(45,.7I*(,7'(,5< =./;-<. / 05 ;&.&+H-1-S %' I-;8-*(,-*7 I-*%44% I- '(V- *5) 7I *-;.%)7,, 4-' 7 3;789*7 ;.(&'45, %'7 (H S+*/ &F / '(- 8&'45,*7F 4,(.1(347. C5 5 * & / : 4 6.('7, A(.)/,-**% *-,51(' =8%+-69'(=( 3;.5F*%44% -*7)-67F*5< A789)7, (7I.&'()&*+(,-*(2 ;.(=.-)(2.7I*5< I '(2, </+(V*7) (A(.)8&**%) 34.71(');.(I,54(' 3;.5F- *%44% &'.-**(: )(, ('7, (.7S*4/,-**%, )& )&+7-;.(34(.7, /3,7- +()8&**%.&-89*(=( F -*7)-67F*(=( V544%; 8 11.('7, /3,7+()8&**% <-.-'4&.7, 4-,15*'7, ;&.3(*-- V7,;.(I,54(' ;.(+/'/,-**% &'.-**(: )(,5; (,(8(+7**% *-,51'-- )5 -*7)-67:; ('7,.&-87I-67% '(8&'45,*5< ;.(&'47,, (.7S*4(,-- *5< *-,I-S)(+72.7I*5<,5+7, )534&64,: V5,(;53/, 874&.-4/.5, )/I5' ('7,.&-87I-67% 7*+5,7+/-89*5< 4- '(8&'45,*5< ;.(&'47, ' '&.7,*564,( ;.(&'4-)5, 7*4&=.-67% ;.(&'47, +( D5.D(=( )&+7F*(=( ;.(34(./ (A&345,-87, '(*'/.35, ;('-I5 4(U(). K-;.(;(*(,-*-,7'(,- D'-8- *& S +(=)(2, ::.-)'5 )(V/49 H/45 I./D&*7 / 4(F 15 7*D5F H7' I-8&V*(,7+.&-89*(=(.7,*% I*-*9 7.(I,54'/ '(*'.&4*(: -/+54(.7:,.7,*% )(45,-67: 4-.&3/.37, :: ;7+4.5)'5. /+!!-! T-)&, 3&.&+*9()/ D'789*()/,767 7*4&.&3 +( 3;&65A7'5 )(,5 4- ;.(A&37F*5< (3(H85,(34&F 4(=( 15 7*D(=( 45;/ )-3(,(: '()/*7'-67: IH7=-S493% I.&-89*(2 A7I51*(2 )(V85,7342,5;.(- H/,-45 3,(: 3585, =-8/I7, U( 67'-,549 (,4.5)-45,7+&('-)&./ H&I 344

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

348 ? ' '5) 15*() *-F&A&'45,*7D&,5'( )&+7- %' ;.5,7+ +8%.(I)(,5? `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`&F )(+/89 3;.%)(,-*5F *- A(.)/,-**% / ;7+874'7,,8-3- *5< )&+7-A7894.7, 45<,*/4.7D*7< ;.-,58 3;78'/,-**% I )&

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