Contents. Sr. No. Title of the Practical: Page no Signature. Gate. OR gate. EX-OR gate. gate. identifying ODD and EVEN number.
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1 Contents Sr. No. Title of the Practical: Page no Signature 01. To Design and train a perceptron for AND Gate. 02. To design and train a perceptron training for OR gate. 03. To design and train a perceptron training for EX-OR gate. 04. To design and train a perceptron for NOT gate. 05. To design and train a perceptron for identifying ODD and EVEN number. 06. To create a Bi-directional Associative Memory (BAM) for ID and telephone number. 07. To design and train the Hopfield net to map the input vector with the stored vector and correct them.
2 PRACTICAL NO 1 Aim: To Design and train a perceptron for AND Gate. Program: #include<stdio.h> void main() int x0=1,d=1,w0=0,w1=0,w2=0,i,j,yin,net; int x1[4];//=1,1,-1,-1; int x2[4];//=1,-1,1,-1; int t[4];//=1,-1,-1,-1; int x,y=4; char b[5]; i=0; clrscr(); printf("enter the Name of The Gate=>"); gets(b); printf("enter The Truth Table For the '%s' Gate\n",b); printf("x1\tx2\tt\n"); for(j=0;j<4;j++) scanf("%d",&x1[j]); x=9; gotoxy(x,y); scanf("%d",&x2[j]); gotoxy(x+8,y); scanf("%d",&t[j]); x=0;y++; for(j=0;j<4;j++) if(x1[j]==0) x1[j]=-1; if(x2[j]==0) x2[j]=-1; if(t[j]==0) t[j]=-1; yin= w0+((x1[0]*w1)+(x2[0]*w2)); yin=yin>0?1:(yin==0?0:-1); printf("\nyin=%d\n",yin); while((yin!=t[i])&&(i<4)) printf(" \nt=%d",t[i]); w0=w0+d*t[i]*x0; printf("\nw0=w0+d*t*x0=%d",w0); w1=w1+d*t[i]*x1[i]; printf("\nw1=w1+d*t*x1=%d",w1); w2=w2+d*t[i]*x2[i]; printf("\nw2=w2+d*t*x2=%d",w2); printf("\nnew Matrix of weights is %d %d %d",w0,w1,w2); i++; yin= w0+((x1[i]*w1)+(x2[i]*w2)); 1
3 Output:
4 yin=yin>0?1:(yin==0?0:-1); printf("\nyin=%d",yin); printf(" t=%d",t[i]); if(yin!=t[i]) printf("\nperceptron can't be trainined for '%s' gate",b); else printf("\nx1\tx2\tnet"); for(i=0;i<=3;i++) net= (x0*w0)+(x1[i]*w1)+(x2[i]*w2); net=net<0?0:1; if(x1[i]==-1) x1[i]=0; if(x2[i]==-1) x2[i]=0; printf("\n%d\t%d\t%d",x1[i],x2[i],net); printf("\nperceptron is Trainied sucessfully for '%s' Gate\n",b); getch(); 2
5
6 PROGRAM NO- 2 Aim: To design and train perceptron training for OR gate. Program: #include<stdio.h> void main() int x0=1,d=1,w0=0,w1=0,w2=0,i,j,yin,net; int x1[4];//=1,1,-1,-1; int x2[4];//=1,-1,1,-1; int t[4];//=1,-1,-1,-1; int x,y=4; char b[5]; i=0; clrscr(); printf("enter the Name of The Gate=>"); gets(b); printf("enter The Truth Table For the '%s' Gate\n",b); printf("x1\tx2\tt\n"); for(j=0;j<4;j++) scanf("%d",&x1[j]); x=9; gotoxy(x,y); scanf("%d",&x2[j]); gotoxy(x+8,y); scanf("%d",&t[j]); x=0;y++; for(j=0;j<4;j++) if(x1[j]==0) x1[j]=-1; if(x2[j]==0) x2[j]=-1; if(t[j]==0) t[j]=-1; yin= w0+((x1[0]*w1)+(x2[0]*w2)); yin=yin>0?1:(yin==0?0:-1); printf("yin=%d\n",yin); while((yin!=t[i])&&(i<4)) printf(" t=%d",t[i]); w0=w0+d*t[i]*x0; printf("\nw0=w0+d*t*x0=%d",w0); w1=w1+d*t[i]*x1[i]; printf("\nw1=w1+d*t*x1=%d",w1); w2=w2+d*t[i]*x2[i]; printf("\nw2=w2+d*t*x2=%d",w2); printf("\nnew Matrix of weights is %d %d %d",w0,w1,w2); i++; yin= w0+((x1[i]*w1)+(x2[i]*w2)); 3
7 Output:
8 yin=yin>0?1:(yin==0?0:-1); printf("\nyin=%d",yin); printf(" t=%d",t[i]); if(yin!=t[i]) printf("\nperceptron can't be trainined for '%s' gate",b); else printf("\nx1\tx2\tnet"); for(i=0;i<=3;i++) net= (x0*w0)+(x1[i]*w1)+(x2[i]*w2); net=net<0?0:1; if(x1[i]==-1) x1[i]=0; if(x2[i]==-1) x2[i]=0; printf("\n%d\t%d\t%d",x1[i],x2[i],net); printf("\nperceptron is Trainied sucessfully for '%s' Gate\n",b); getch(); 4
9
10 PRACTICAL NO 3 Aim: To design and train a perceptron training for EX-OR gate. Program: #include<stdio.h> void main() int x0=1,d=1,w0=0,w1=0,w2=0,i,j,yin,net; int x1[4];//=1,1,-1,-1; int x2[4];//=1,-1,1,-1; int t[4];//=1,-1,-1,-1; int x,y=4; char b[5]; i=0; clrscr(); printf("enter the Name of The Gate=>"); gets(b); printf("enter The Truth Table For the '%s' Gate\n",b); printf("x1\tx2\tt\n"); for(j=0;j<4;j++) scanf("%d",&x1[j]); x=9; gotoxy(x,y); scanf("%d",&x2[j]); gotoxy(x+8,y); scanf("%d",&t[j]); x=0;y++; for(j=0;j<4;j++) if(x1[j]==0) x1[j]=-1; if(x2[j]==0) x2[j]=-1; if(t[j]==0) t[j]=-1; yin= w0+((x1[0]*w1)+(x2[0]*w2)); yin=yin>0?1:(yin==0?0:-1); printf("yin=%d\n",yin); while((yin!=t[i])&&(i<4)) printf(" t=%d",t[i]); w0=w0+d*t[i]*x0; printf("\nw0=w0+d*t*x0=%d",w0); w1=w1+d*t[i]*x1[i]; printf("\nw1=w1+d*t*x1=%d",w1); w2=w2+d*t[i]*x2[i]; printf("\nw2=w2+d*t*x2=%d",w2); printf("\nnew Matrix of weights is %d %d %d",w0,w1,w2); i++; yin= w0+((x1[i]*w1)+(x2[i]*w2)); 5
11 Output:
12 yin=yin>0?1:(yin==0?0:-1); printf("\nyin=%d",yin); printf(" t=%d",t[i]); if(yin!=t[i]) printf("\nperceptron can't be trainined for '%s' gate",b); else printf("\nx1\tx2\tnet"); for(i=0;i<=3;i++) net= (x0*w0)+(x1[i]*w1)+(x2[i]*w2); net=net<0?0:1; if(x1[i]==-1) x1[i]=0; if(x2[i]==-1) x2[i]=0; printf("\n%d\t%d\t%d",x1[i],x2[i],net); printf("\nperceptron is Trainied sucessfully for '%s' Gate\n",b); getch(); 6
13
14 PRACTICAL NO 4 Aim: To design and train a perceptron for NOT gate. Program: #include<stdio.h> void main() int x0=1,d=1,w0=0,w1=0,w2=0,i,j,yin,net; int x1[4];//=1,1,-1,-1; //int x2[4];//=1,-1,1,-1; int t[4];//=1,-1,-1,-1; int x,y=4; char b[5]; i=0; clrscr(); printf("enter the Name of The Gate=>"); gets(b); printf("enter The Truth Table For the '%s' Gate\n",b); printf("x1\tt\n"); for(j=0;j<2;j++) scanf("%d",&x1[j]); x=9; gotoxy(x,y); //scanf("%d",&x2[j]); // gotoxy(x+8,y); scanf("%d",&t[j]); x=0;y++; for(j=0;j<2;j++) if(x1[j]==0) x1[j]=-1; // if(x2[j]==0) x2[j]=-1; if(t[j]==0) t[j]=-1; yin= w0+(x1[0]*w1);//+(x2[0]*w2)); yin=yin>0?1:(yin==0?0:-1); printf("yin=%d\n",yin); while((yin!=t[i])&&(i<2)) printf(" t=%d",t[i]); w0=w0+d*t[i]*x0; printf("\nw0=w0+d*t*x0=%d",w0); w1=w1+d*t[i]*x1[i]; printf("\nw1=w1+d*t*x1=%d",w1); //w2=w2+d*t[i]*x2[i]; // printf("\nw2=w2+d*t*x2=%d",w2); printf("\nnew Matrix of weights is %d %d",w0,w1); i++; yin= w0+(x1[i]*w1);//+(x2[i]*w2)); 7
15 Output:
16 yin=yin>0?1:(yin==0?0:-1); printf("\n yin=%d",yin); printf(" t=%d",t[i]); if(yin!=t[i]) printf("\nperceptron can't be trained for '%s' gate",b); else printf("\nx1\tx2\tnet"); for(i=0;i<=3;i++) net= (x0*w0)+(x1[i]*w1);//+(x2[i]*w2); net=net<0?0:1; if(x1[i]==-1) x1[i]=0; //if(x2[i]==-1) // x2[i]=0; printf("\n%d\t%d",x1[i],net); printf("\nperceptron is Trainied sucessfully for '%s' Gate\n",b); getch(); 8
17
18 PRACTICAL NO- 5 Aim: To design and train a perceptron for identifying ODD and EVEN number. Program: #include<stdio.h> void main() int x0=1,d=1,w0=0,w1=0,w2=0,w3=0,w4=0,i,j,yin,net,net1; int x1[10]=-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,1,1; int x2[10]=-1,-1,-1,-1,1,1,1,1; int x3[10]=-1,-1,1,1,-1,-1,1,1,-1,-1; int x4[]=-1,1,-1,1,-1,1,-1,1,-1,1; int t[]=-1,1,-1,1,-1,1,-1,1,-1,1; int x,y=4; int bin[5],k; //char b[5]; i=0; clrscr(); printf("enter the Value=> "); scanf("%d",&x); yin= w0+((x1[0]*w1)+(x2[0]*w2)+(x3[0]*w3)+(x4[0]*w4)); yin=yin>0?1:(yin==0?0:-1); printf("yin=%d\n",yin); while((yin!=t[i])&&(i<10)) printf(" t=%d",t[i]); w0=w0+d*t[i]*x0; printf("\nw0=w0+d*t*x0=%d",w0); w1=w1+d*t[i]*x1[i]; printf("\nw1=w1+d*t*x1=%d",w1); w2=w2+d*t[i]*x2[i]; printf("\nw2=w2+d*t*x2=%d",w2); w3=w3+d*t[i]*x3[i]; printf("\nw3=w3+d*t*x3=%d",w3); w4=w4+d*t[i]*x4[i]; printf("\nw4=w4+d*t*x4=%d",w4); printf("\nnew Matrix of weights is %d %d %d %d %d",w0,w1,w2,w3,w4); i++; yin= w0+((x1[i]*w1)+(x2[i]*w2)+(x3[i]*w3)+(x4[i]*w4)); yin=yin>0?1:(yin==0?0:-1); printf("\nyin=%d",yin); printf(" t=%d",t[i]); if(yin!=t[i]) printf("\nperceptron can't be trainined for classifing ODD and EVEN numbers"); else y=x%10; k=0; 9
19 Output:
20 if(y==0) bin[0]=0; bin[1]=0; bin[2]=0; bin[3]=0; else while(y!=0) bin[k]=y%2; y=y/2; printf("%d",bin[k]); k++; net= ((x0*w0)+(bin[3]*w1)+(bin[2]*w2)+(bin[1]*w3)+(bin[0]*w4)); // printf("\n%d",net); net1=net>0?1:0; // printf("\n%d",net1); if (net1 == 0) printf(" \nthe Entered Number is Even"); if (net1 == 1) printf("\n The Entered Number is ODD"); getch(); 10
21
22 PRACTICAL NO- 6 Aim: To create a Bi-directional Associative Memory (BAM) for ID and telephone number. Program: void main() int o[25][25],newid,orgno,tw; int a1[5][25],a2[15][25],a3[15][25]; int b1[15][25],b2[15][25],b3[55][25],a1t[25][5],a2t[25][5]; int a3t[25][5],w[25][25],wt[25][25],i,j,k,id[5],tele[5]; int bin_id[5][15]; int bin_tele[15][25],t; int n[10],t1[10],temp1[8][8],temp2[8][8],temp3[8][8],temp[8][8],bin_temp[8][8]; clrscr(); for(i=0;i<3;i++) printf("enter the idfor telephone no=> "); scanf("%d",&id[i]); printf("enter the telephone no=> "); scanf("%d",&tele[i]); for(i=0;i<3;i++) t=id[i]; k=-1; while(t>0) k++; bin_id[i][k]=t%2; t=t/2; n[i]=k; printf("\nthe BINARY IS "); for(j=k;j>=0;j--) printf("%d",bin_id[i][j]); for(i=0;i<3;i++) t=tele[i]; k=-1; while(t>0) k++; bin_tele[i][k]=t%2; t=t/2; t1[i]=k; 11
23 Output:
24 for(i=n[0],k=0;i>=0;i--,k++) a1[0][k]=bin_id[0][i]; if(a1[0][k]==0)a1[0][k]=-1; for(i=n[1],k=0;i>=0;i--,k++) a2[0][k]=bin_id[1][i]; if(a2[0][k]==0) a2[0][k]=-1; for(i=n[2],k=0;i>=0;i--,k++) a3[0][k]=bin_id[2][i]; if(a3[0][k]==0)a3[0][k]=-1; for(i=t1[0],k=0;i>=0;i--,k++) b1[0][k]=bin_tele[0][i]; if(b1[0][k]==0) b1[0][k]=-1; //printf(" b1[0][%d]=%d",k,b1[0][k]); for(i=t1[1],k=0;i>=0;i--,k++) b2[0][k]=bin_tele[1][i]; if( b2[0][k]==0)b2[0][k]=-1; // printf(" b2[0][%d]=%d",k,b2[0][k]); for(i=t1[2],k=0;i>=0;i--,k++) b3[0][k]=bin_tele[2][i]; if(b3[0][k]==0)b3[0][k]=-1; // printf(" b3[0][%d]=%d",k,b3[0][k]); for(i=0;i<=n[0];i++) a1t[i][0]=a1[0][i]; //transpose of a1 //printf("a1t[%d][0]=%d",i,a1t[i][0]); for(i=0;i<=n[1];i++) a2t[i][0]=a2[0][i]; //transpose of a1 // printf("a2t[%d][0]=%d",i,a2t[i][0]); for(i=0;i<=n[2];i++) a3t[i][0]=a3[0][i]; //trsanspose of a1 // printf("a3t[%d][0]=%d",i,a3t[i][0]); 12
25
26 //calculating weight matrix w=a1t*b1+a2t*b2+a3t*b3 printf("a1t*b1=>\n"); for(i=0;i<=n[0];i++) printf("\n"); for(j=0;j<=t1[0];j++) temp1[i][j]=0; temp1[i][j]+=a1t[i][0]*b1[0][j]; temp2[i][j]=0; temp2[i][j]+=a2t[i][0]*b2[0][j]; temp3[i][j]=0; temp3[i][j]+=a3t[i][0]*b3[0][j]; w[i][j]=0; w[i][j]=temp1[i][j]+temp2[i][j]+temp3[i][j]; printf(" Weight matrix is (a1t*b1+a2t*b2+a3t*b3)=> \n"); for(i=0;i<=n[0];i++ ) printf("\n"); for(j=0;j<=t1[0];j++) printf(" %d",w[i][j]); printf("\nenter the id for telephone no"); scanf("%d",&newid); i=-1; while(newid>0) i++; temp[0][i]=newid%2; newid/=2; for(k=i,j=0;k>=0;k--,j++) bin_temp[0][j]=temp[0][k]; for(i=0;i<=t1[0];i++) for(j=0;j<=n[0];j++) o[i][j]=0; o[0][i]+=bin_temp[0][j]*w[j][i]; for(i=0;i<=t1[0];i++) printf( %d,o[0][i]); 13
27
28 for(i=0;i<=t1[0];i++) o[0][i]=o[0][i]<=0?0:1; printf("the telephone no is "); for(i=0;i<=t1[0];i++) printf("%d",o[0][i]); orgno=0; for(i=0;i<=t1[0];i++) tw=1; for(k=0;k<t1[0]-(i);k++) tw*=2; // printf(" tw %d",tw); orgno+=o[0][i]*tw; printf("the Telephone no is=> %d",orgno); getch(); 14
29
30 PROGRAM NO -7 Aim: To design and train the Hopfield net to map the input vector with the stored vector and correct them. Program: void main() int a[5][5],b[5][5],at[5][5],w[5][5],n,i,j,k,x[5][5],y[5][5],yin; clrscr(); printf("enter the no of values int he Stored vector=>"); scanf("%d",&n); printf("enter the valued in the Stored vector=>"); for(i=0;i<n;i++) scanf("%d",&a[0][i]); for(i=0;i<n;i++) if(a[0][i]==0) a[0][i]=-1; for(i=0;i<n;i++) at[i][0]=a[0][i]; for(i=0;i<n;i++) for(j=0;j<n;j++) w[i][j]=0; w[i][j]+=at[i][0]*a[0][j]; for(i=0;i<n;i++) w[i][i]=0; //initilizing the w[i][i]=0 printf("the weight Matric is "); for(i=0;i<n;i++) printf("\n"); for(j=0;j<n;j++) printf("\t%d",w[i][j]); printf("\nenter the New vector=>"); for(i=0;i<n;i++) scanf("%d",&x[0][i]); y[0][i]=x[0][i]; for(i=0;i<n;i++) for(j=0;j<n;j++) yin+=(y[0][j]*w[j][i]); yin+=x[0][i]; yin=yin<=0?0:1; y[0][i]=yin; 15
31 Output:
32 printf("the value of the new vector should br=> "); for(i=0;i<n;i++) printf(" %d",y[0][i]); getch(); 16
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