THE FUTURE IS UP IN THE SKY. jon.brewer.nz TELCO2 - UP IN THE SKY - APNIC 2017

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Curtis Watson
6 years ago
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1 THE FUTURE IS UP IN THE SKY

2 BROADBAND FROM THE SKY Why do we need it? What about distance and latency? Spectrum and rain fade? Speed? Architecture? Resilience? Why do we care?

3 WHY DO WE NEED SATELLITE? EASY.

4 WHY DON T WE WANT SATELLITE? EASY. People buy Horsepower, but drive torque. People buy Megabits, but surf latency.

ALL HUMANS NOTICE LATENCY http://www.humanbenchmark.

5 ALL HUMANS NOTICE LATENCY 41 MILLION SAMPLES SAY AVERAGE REACTION TIME = 279 MS

6 LATENCY IS RELATED TO DISTANCE LEO MEO GEO 1K 10K 36K 12MS 120MS 480MS AT LEAST FOUR ONE-WAY TRIPS TO LOAD A WEB PAGE IN ADDITION TO INTERNET LATENCY

7 SATELLITE IS SLOW GAME OVER?

8 UP IN THE SKY = RADIO WAVES Positive: Waves in air travel nearly speed of light 40% faster than waves in fibre optic cables Negative: Things in the air can attenuate waves Rain, snow, birds, swarms of locusts, x-men Neutral: Different frequencies = different properties Bigger waves behave differently from smaller ones

9 BROADBAND SATELLITE SPECTRUM C Band Ku Band Ka Band 0 GHz 10 GHz 20 GHz 30 GHz 40 GHz 2G / 3G / 4G / WiFi C Band Ku Band Ka Band

10 SATELLITE SPECTRUM PRIMER C Band Ku Band Ka Band Spectrum Availability Spectrum Re-Use Antenna Size Rain Fade

11 SATELLITE SPECTRUM REUSABILITY Ka Band C Band Ku Band

12 HIGHER BANDS = SMALLER ANTENNAS C BAND NEEDS 16X AREA OF KA BAND FOR THE SAME AMOUNT OF GAIN

13 HIGHER BANDS = MORE ANTENNA GAIN WITH A 1 WATT ( 30 db)transmitter & A 1.2M DISH 1,000 WATTS EIRP 4,000 WATTS EIRP 16,000 WATTS EIRP

14 HIGHER BAND = MORE RAIN FADE

15 HIGHER BAND = MORE RAIN FADE

16 SATELLITE SPECTRUM STRAW MAN 64 Mbps 99.9% 512 Mbps 99.7% 16 Mbps % ASSUME A 1.2M DISH ON THE GROUND

17 NETWORK ARCHITECTURE Up & Down Redundant VSAT Multi-Modal Multi-Modal

18 ADVANCED NETWORK ARCHITECTURE Sat X Link Cloud Avoidance

19 ORBITS: LEO, MEO, & GEO

Image NASA GEOSTATIONARY EARTH ORBIT Intelsat since 1965 400+ ms Latency 3 Satellites

20 Image NASA GEOSTATIONARY EARTH ORBIT Intelsat since ms Latency 3 Satellites Needed +/- 82 Global Coverage Stationary receiver dishes Mass market satellite Image NASA

21 FARMSIDE: OPTUS D (est.) Orbital STAR-2 at 152 E GEO orbit, Ku band 56 MHz of Spectrum Up to 540 mbps downlink Up to 16/2 mbps to users Image Optus

Image SSL NBN CO SKY MUSTER 2016-2030 (est.

22 Image SSL NBN CO SKY MUSTER (est.) 2x SSL 1300 GEO orbit, Ka band 67.5 gbps per satellite 25/5 mbps to users Ten Earth Stations

MEDIUM EARTH ORBIT Broadband since 2014 +/-45 Global Coverage ~120 ms

23 MEDIUM EARTH ORBIT Broadband since /-45 Global Coverage ~120 ms Latency 8+ Satellites Needed Receivers Must Track Important Niche Image O3b Networks

24 03B NETWORKS Live Since 2014 MEO Orbit, Ka band 1.2gbps 700 km beams Up/down only (no sat-sat) 144 gbps online, 96 on order 2x Tracking antennas req Rain fade even w/ 4m dish

25 LASERLIGHT SPACECABLE Planned SD Optical Network Integrated with Terrestrial Networks Beams hop metro areas to avoid clouds Fastest intercontinental link 100 Gbps optical sat links 7.2 Tbps down, 12 satellites 19.2 Tbps sat x-link Image ESA

26 Image Los Angeles Times LOW EARTH ORBIT Iridium, Globalstar, Orbcomm Global Coverage Imperceptible Latency 10s of satellites needed Today only narrow-band The Next Space Race

27 ONEWEB Consumer Focus from 2019 Airbus, Boeing, Coca-Cola Qualcomm, Softbank, Virgin 700+ Ku Band LEO Satellites 20 orbital planes 6 gbps per sat, 4.2T network Intelsat Blended Offerings Image WSJ

28 LEOSAT Enterprise focus starting 2021 Shares O3b & Iridium Next bus 78 LEO Satellites 6 orbital planes Optical cross connect 16 gbps per sat, 1.2T network Image Thales Alenia Space

SPACEX GOOGLE Launching 2019-2024 4,425 LEO Satellites Optical

29 SPACEX GOOGLE Launching ,425 LEO Satellites Optical cross connect 1gbps to end users 20 gbps per satellite 88.5T network

30 THE FUTURE IS UP IN THE SKY THANK YOU

Report on the R&D situation of space communication technologies in Europe (Summary)

Report on the R&D situation of space communication technologies in Europe (Summary) January 2017 NICT Europe Center General summary This survey reports the R&D and business trends of satellite communication