WORKING SESSION Early Warning (HFA Priority 2)

Transcription

1 Brief WORKING SESSION Early Warning (HFA Priority 2) 1. Why is this topic important? Brief Concept Note In line with Priority for Action 2 of the Hyogo Framework for Action (HFA), regions countries across the world have made significant progress in strengthening multi-hazard, end-to-end early warning systems (EWS) over the past 10 years. Progress has been particularly evident in the development of observation monitoring systems the strengthening of information communication technology (ICT), information on risks, as part of the overall efforts to strengthen disaster resilience. Moreover, the advances for example in climate modelling numerical weather prediction are making weather forecasting more accurate. In the most advanced countries with regards to hydrometeorological services, today s five-day weather forecast is as accurate as the two-day forecast of 25 years ago. Yet, many developing countries, in particular least developed countries (LDCs), small isl developing states (SIDS), llocked developing countries (LLDCs), still have not benefited as much as they could have from this progress in early warning (EW), significant gaps remain, especially in the last mile of EWS. A key challenge has been in reaching the most remote vulnerable population with timely, meaningful, actionable warning information. Further, despite the progress in EW, the world has seen an increasing trend of losses from the impact of natural hazards such as storms in the United States, Philippines, Myanmar; floods in Europe, Africa, South Southeast Asia; droughts in Africa; heat waves in Europe West Asia; the most powerful tsunamis in the Indian Ocean the Northwest Pacific Ocean.. Global changes in societal structures, growing exposure of populations assets, rapid urbanization climate change are resulting in a highly dynamic complex state of disaster risk. This situation, together with the increasing globalisation of risk, calls for strengthening EWS at all levels adopting a holistic integrated approach to EW for multiple hazards risks, that is tailored to user needs across many sectors. In this regard, international regional collaboration, together with sustainable funding for multi-hazard early warning systems (MHEWS), is critical necessary, given the borderless nature of most natural hazards the need to arrest the increasing trend of losses from natural hazard extremes. 1

2 Consequently, this Session will present experiences lessons learned in EWS related services in the last decade vis-a-vis the key elements of effective EWS (i.e. risk knowledge, monitoring warning service, dissemination risk communication, emergency response capacity, legal institutional frameworks, partnerships). Also, the Session will examine the way forward in shifting from the usual single-hazard approach to a more holistic integrated multi-hazard approach for EW as an integral component of disaster risk reduction (DRR) resilience-building strategies. 2. What gaps need to be filled? The Session will address gaps related to: (1) the central role of national governments in EWS that are embedded in international regional cooperation frameworks; (2) the need to link make sustainable various EWS /or their components where they are dispersed disconnected across sectors levels in a country; (3) the role of regional international stakeholders in developing sustainable effective EWS for multiple hazards risks facilitating the transfer of good practices, solutions, lessons learned among regions, countries, cities, local communities. Furthermore, the Session will also highlight the issues challenges in EWS under the post-2015 framework for DRR. The key issues include how to make EWS more people-centred more effective for end-users, including in the most vulnerable remote communities at risk especially in LDCs, SIDS LLDCs, how to integrate a gender perspective into EWS. Challenges include how technical agencies, such as national geological, meteorological hydrological services together with disaster management agencies, could provide impact-based forecasts risk-informed warnings develop their capacity to assume a more proactive role in the delivery of services for DRR coordinated by the national platforms for DRR management. 3. What (new) commitments are expected to be achieved? (1) The Session is expected to elicit multi-stakeholder cooperation on:strengthening MHEWS at all levels for all sectors through effective partnerships; (2) developing the capacities of national local authorities to deliver EW services at all levels down to the last-mile communities; (3) international regional cooperation in strengthening EW services over the implementation period of the post-2015 framework for DRR. (4) organizing expert groups to support the work of IN-MHEWS. In this regard, the Session will conclude with expressions of voluntary commitment, initially by the organizing partners, to an international networking partnership for MHEWS (IN-MHEW), for the purpose of providing relevant technical expertise support to government agencies key stakeholders in countries, facilitating technology transfer, assisting with mobilization of resources for the strengthening of MHEWS related services at all levels. 2

3 Concept Note Schedule Saturday, 14 March 2015, 17:00 18:30 Room Venue Organizing Team UNISDR Focal Point Background Rationale Session Objectives Hagi Hall, Sendai International Center Governments: Japan (Japan Meteorological Agency JMA) National Platforms for DRR: Germany (DKKV, incl. GFZ/KIT/CEDIM) Major Groups: IFRC International Financial Institutions: World Bank Group, GFDRR UN: ITU, UNDP, UNESCAP, UNESCO, UNISDR, UNITAR, UNOOSA, WHO, WMO John Harding The HFA Priority for Action 2 highlighted the need for identifying, assessing monitoring disaster risks enhancing early warning. Since the adoption of the HFA, EWSs have become an integral component of many national disaster risk management strategies, guiding enabling governments at national local levels communities to adopt preventive preparedness measures for saving lives property towards building resilience. The World Conference on Disaster Reduction in 2005 adopted plans that put in place the International Early Warning Programme (IEWP), first proposed at the Second International Conference on Early Warning (EWC II) in 2003 in Bonn, Germany. As an implementation mechanism, the Platform for the Promotion of Early Warning (PPEW) was launched in 2004 remained operational until EWC II defined the four components of EWS: 1. Risk knowledge: Risks are analyzed risk information is incorporated in the warning messages; 2. Monitoring warning service: Hazards are detected, monitored, forecast, hazard warnings are developed; 3. Dissemination: Warnings are issued (by a designated authoritative source) disseminated in a timely fashion to authorities the public at-risk; 4. Emergency response capacity: Community-based emergency plans are activated in response to warnings in order to reduce potential impacts on lives livelihoods. 1. To review the progress made in EW at all levels since 2005, the trends in the development of EWS around the globe for various hazards geographical contexts; 2. To identify prevailing gaps needs in different components of EWS; 3. To address the challenges in strengthening EWS, particularly in shifting the focus approach from single-hazard to multi-hazard for 3

4 EWS. Challenges include developing an agile inter-agency system to respond to various user needs developing regional support mechanism for EW. Discussion agenda structure Expected outcomes 1. Opening welcome remarks (5 min) 2. Keynote presentation: Good practices, lessons learned, emerging challenges in EWS during the HFA decade (10 min) 3. Moderated panel discussion, including short opening closing statements by each panellist, with some audience interaction, wrap-up (55 min): Sharing of experiences lessons learned from the HFA decade, issues challenges, including: a) Governance of EWS; b) Promoting interoperability harmonization of EWS; c) Applying advances in research technologies including ICTs, Earth observations space-based technologies; d) Financing EW activities cost-effectiveness / benefit issues (incl. levels of protection quality of service); e) Responding to user needs ensuring a people-centred approach to EWS, which integrates a gender perspective; 4. Announcement of the International Network for Multi-Hazard Early Warning (IN-MHEW)(2 min) 5. Expressions of voluntary commitments for IN-MHEW (16 min) 6. Concluding remarks by the moderator (2 min) The Working Session will conclude with the following outcomes: 1. Specific examples of good practices lessons learned on early warning over the HFA decade are presented discussed. 2. Key issues challenges, including gaps opportunities, for EWS that should be addressed in the post-2015 framework for DRR are identified discussed. 3. Recommendations including proposed ways forward for the development, implementation, strengthening of MHEWS at all levels, considering: a) the post-2015 framework for DRR as well as the GFCS, in synchrony with the forthcoming SDGs the new climate change agreements by UNFCCC; b) advantages of a multi-hazard impact-based approach; c) strengthening partnerships among all relevant actors (users experts) across all sectors; d) strengthening MHEWS improve coverage of the the last mile ; e) context of prevailing emerging risks due to a changing climate, environment, society; f) application of advances in science technology (including ICT, information/data/knowledge management, Earth observation technologies in situ from space/air, etc.). 4. Expressions of commitments to action, partnership, innovation, accelerated implementation of the post-2015 framework for DRR with focus on MHEWS. 4

5 Commitme nt / special announcem ent in support of a post-2015 framework for DRR Expected number of participants Technical equipment required Background documents resources The co-organizers of the Working Session will support the development of an enhanced energised international networking sharing of best practice for multi-hazard early warning that supports government agencies other key stakeholders in strengthening MHEWS implementing the priorities for action of the post-2015 framework for DRR, particularly in: 1. up-scaling accelerating the implementation of the provisions of the post-2015 framework for DRR on MHEWs related services; 2. measuring progress in increasing the availability of access of the people to MHEWS disaster risk information assessments (i.e. proposed global DRR target 7); 3. initiating, consolidating, facilitating the conduct of research on EWS (including baseline case studies), the exchange of experiences, good practices lessons learned among regions, countries, cities, local communities; the analysis of emerging issues on EWS; 4. building on the paradigm shift underway in responsible national or local agencies such as National Meteorological Hydrological Services (NMHSs): a) advancing from the current status as provider of forecasts early warnings to provider of impact-based forecasts risk-informed warnings; b) assuming major roles in all relevant aspects of disaster risk management to better support disaster management agencies local communities in reducing disaster risk building resilience; c) providing better risk-based decision support services; 5. strengthening partnerships/coordination between among national technical agencies providing information on hydrometeorological, geophysical other hazards, the national DRR management body agencies concerned fixed microphone at rostrum, 7 lapel microphones for moderator panellists, 3 mobile microphones for the audience, video PowerPoint projection system (projector, screen, laptop, etc.) 2015 Report on Regional Unmet Needs in Early Warning in the Indian Ocean Southeast Asia (under development, to be published by UNESCAP in March 2015). Efforts by UNDP supporting LCDs: Famine Early Warning Systems Network (FEWS NET, funded by USAID. 5

6 GFDRR (2011): Implementing Hazard Early Warning Systems. ng_systems.pdf (accessed 10 February 2015). Glantz, M. (editor)(2009): Heads Up! Early Warning Systems for Climate, Water Weather-Related Hazards. UNU. Global Information Early Warning System (GIEWS) of FAO ( WMO (edited by Golnaraghi, M) (2012): Institutional Partnerships in Multi-Hazard Early Warning Systems: A Compilation of Seven National Good Practices Guiding Principles. Springer. Berlin Heidelberg. IFRC UNDP (2014): Effective law regulation for disaster risk reduction: a multi-country report ( IFRC (2009): World Disaster Report 2009 Focus on early warning, early action ( IFRC, Community Early Warning System Guiding Principles ( Principles-EN.pdf) Rogers DP Tsirkunov VV (2013): Weather Climate Resilience, Effective Preparedness through National Meteorological Hydrological Services. The World Bank. Singh, A. Zommers, Z. (editors)(2014): Reducing Disaster: Early Warning Systems For Climate Change. Springer. Berlin Heidelberg. The GITEWS Project (German-Indonesian Tsunami Early Warning System), NHESS Special Issue, Editors: A. Rudloff, J. Lauterjung, U. Münch; The International Early Warning Programme (IEWP) ( its component, the Platform for the Promotion of Early Warning (PPEW) ( UNEP(2012): Early Warning Systems. A State of the Art Analysis Future Directions (by Veronica Grasso, now with GFCS, also summarized in the book Early Warning Systems for Climate Change edited by Ashbindu Singh, Zinta Zommers). UNISDR (2006): Developing Early Warning Systems: A Checklist. UNISDR (2006): Global Survey of Early Warning Systems. UNISDR (2010). Early Warning Practices can Save Lives: Selected Examples Good Practices Lessons Learned. UNISDR DKKV (2010): Emerging Challenges for Early Warning Systems in the context of climate change urbanization. Villagran de Leon, J.C., Pruessner, I., Breedlove, H. (2013): Alert Warning Frameworks in the Context of Early Warning Systems. A Comparative Review. Intersections No. 12, UNU-EHS ( WMO (2015): Synthesis of Status Trends with the Development of Early Warning Systems. A Contribution to the Global Assessment 6

7 Report 2015 ( WMO,%202014a.pdf). Zschau, J., Küppers, A.N. (editors) (2003): Early Warning Systems for Natural Disaster Reduction. Springer. Berlin Heidelberg. 7