Safeguarding Digital Heritage through Sustained Use of Legacy Software

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1 Safeguarding Digital Heritage through Sustained Use of Legacy Software PREFORMA International Conference 11 October, 2017 Tallinn, Estonia Professor Natasa Milic-Frayling UNESCO PERSIST Programme, Chair of Technology & Research University of Nottingham, Chair in Data Science Intact Digital Ltd, Founder, CEO

2 Persistence of information WYSIWYG Interface Bravo. The first document preparation systems 1974 Butler Lampson and colleagues at Xerox PARC Magna Carta Libertatum Parchment document from 1297 Original document owned by David Farriero

3 From Mark 1 to contemporary computers Alec Robinson at work on the Manchester Mark 1 rg/mark1/gal1.html

4 Digital Ecosystem TECHOLOGIES EXPERIENCES DIGITAL ASSETS Operating systems Simulation software Virtualization software Software development tools Content servers Communication protocols Security Discovery tools Data processing tools Content readers User applications Communication platform Individual experiences Social experiences Data streams Documents, databases, Software source code Metadata, indexes, registries Ontologies Controlled vocabularies Knowledge bases

5 Computational Nature of Digital Digital cannot be used without a program that can play it, i.e., interpret digital encoding (the bits) DIGITAL ARTEFACT SOFTWARE decoder FILE digital object Persisted part of the digital artefact Hardware to process and DISPLAY

6 Digital technologies change rapidly. How can we ensure that the contemporary digital content can be used in the future?

7

8 Digitalization

9 Digitalized content requires software DIGITAL ARTEFACT SOFTWARE decoder FILE digital object Persisted part of the digital artefact Hardware to process and DISPLAY

10 When software is not available or cannot be used digital information cannot be accessed That applies to software that we use for curation, preservation, access to information

11 Tamal Vista Insights Enabling preservation and dissemination of knowledge Automated and semi-automated indexing of digitized manuscripts For digital artefacts that standard OCR cannot handle Software: Cut&Search

12

13

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15 Fo Guang Shan Collection of Digitized Buddhists Manuscripts Fo Guang Shan has over 200 branch temples around the world Aim: Propagate Humanistic Buddhism and establish a Pure Land on earth. Founded by Master Hsing Yun in 1967

16 Digitalization and Dissemination Thousands of volunteers embark on projects that last years and have impact over decades Museum of Fo Guang Shan History

17 Challenge How do we enable prolonged use of software to protect value of digital assets?

18 Ecosystem view Technology producers & providers ICT COMMUNITY VALUE EXCHANGE IMBALANCE IN CONTROL AND EMPOWERMENT Content producers, owners, and curators TECHNOLOGY USERS

19 Availability of software is key FILE APPLICATION DIGITAL CONTENT Content producers Data producers Content owners Content publishers and distributors ICT industry & community Commercial software vendors Open source community Independent app producers CS researchers Content consumers Data consumers

20 File format migration FILE APPLICATION DIGITAL CONTENT Migrate files and run with a contemporary software (give up on both the original files and the application)

21 Word document shown in Microsoft Word 2.0 (from 1992) Running in the Virtual Machine with Windows XP

22 Word document in MS Word 2.0 (from 1992) and converted to Open XML format, shown in Office 2007 (right)

23 Software wrapping or porting FILE APPLICATION DIGITAL CONTENT Retain the files and port the application to the new environment (retain content files by give up on the application, at least partially)

24 Virtualize legacy software environment FILE APPLICATION DIGITAL CONTENT Create a virtual machine with the old computing stack and run the original files and software. (retain original files and original application; maintain scaffolding)

25 Start menus for Windows 2000 (left) and Windows XP (right),

26 MS Map Point application running on Windows 2000 (left) and MS Money 2003 running on Windows XP (right),

27 Virtualization of Windows 98

28

29 Winning strategy: hybrid Insures access to the digital artefacts On demand transformation within a specific context.

30 UNESCO Memory of the World Programme MoW objective: Ensure that documentation is available to all, without barriers and obstructions Embarked on digitization of physical artefacts to preserve and disseminate information and preserve cultural heritage

31 UNESCO PERSIST Initiative Preserve Digital Heritage Started in December, 2013 with the UNESCO Conference in the Hague Led by the UNESCO Netherlands Office, under the MoW programme

32 UNESCO PERSIST Initiative VISION Keep the World s Digital Heritage safe and accessible forever MISSION Empower and enable governments and memory institutions to preserve digital heritage by Developing policies and legal frameworks for lifecycle management of digital technologies Providing a technology platform for registering, hosting, and monitoring legacy software Promoting best practices and fostering research and innovation in managing the obsolescence

33 UNESCO PERSIST Programme Policy Workgroup Technology and Research Workgroup Best Practices Workgroup

34 Digital Preservation Ecosystem PROVIDERS & ENABLERES PRACITIONERS OPEN SOURCE Open source tools and services Providers: Associations (Open Preservation Foundation - OPF), libraries, universities, etc. COMMERCIAL SOLUTIONS Preservation solutions by Preservica, ExLibris, Archivum, etc. INFRASTRUCTURE PROVIDERS Universities, libraries and archives Cloud providers: Amazon, Microsoft, Oracle, etc. FUNDING Government, private, national and international funding agencies and research foundations TECHNOLOGIES Technical registry Characterization and attribution tools File type identification Media transfer tools File format migration Content rendering tools Software emulation and virtualization Storage infrastructure LIBRARIES CULTURAL INSTITUTIONS Standards and professional guidelines ARCHIVES COMMUNITY PRACTICES Professional associations of libraries and archives: IFLA, OCLC, ICA, OPF, DPE, DPC, DCC

35 UNESCO PERSIST Role PROVIDERS & ENABLERES UNESCO PERSIST PRACITIONERS OPEN SOURCE Open source tools and services Providers: Associations (Open Preservation Foundation - OPF), libraries, universities, etc. COMMERCIAL SOLUTIONS Preservation solutions by Preservica, ExLibris, Archivum, etc. INFRASTRUCTURE PROVIDERS Universities, libraries and archives Cloud providers: Amazon, Microsoft, Oracle, etc. FUNDING Government, private, national and international funding agencies and research foundations Policy and regulations: lifecycle management of digital technologies, legacy software deposit, licensing, and dissemination Access to legacy software licenses and virtualized legacy software Best practices, standardization, and certification of tools and preservation solutions LIBRARIES CULTURAL INSTITUTIONS ARCHIVES COMMUNITY PRACTICES Professional associations of libraries and archives: IFLA, OCLC, ICA, OPF, DPE, DPC, DCC

36 UNESCO MEMBER COMMUNITY STATES Governments Policy makers Memory Professional institutions organizations UNESCO GOVERNING BODIES Secretariat General Conference Executive Board Field Offices UNESCO PERSIST Programme Policy & Regulations Workgroup Technology and Research (T&R) Workgroup Best Practices & Standardization PERSIST Software Foundation Legacy Software Registration and Licenses Legacy Software Hosting Legacy Software Services Business and technology partnerships CLIENTS Memory institutions Preservation solution providers Cultural institutes and initiatives Digital arts community Research institutions Licensing experts PARTNERS ICT community Preservation solution providers

37 Working together with the ICT community is key to securing access to digital information now and in the future

38 For sustained use of digital Develop Economy around legacy retired software Legal frameworks and sustainable business models New practices to create demand New services to make it efficient, economical, and sustainable.

39 Contact: Natasa Milic-Frayling

40 Software Heritage Foundation

41 Software Heritage Foundation

42 Managed Service for Digital Continuity Deposit Hosting Remote Access Digital Continuity Assurance Plans Cloud hosting by technology partner

43 Cut&Search 2017 Cut&Search 2015

44 TAMAL VISTA SOFTWARE

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