Oracle Application Server 10g R2: Administration II

Transcription

1 Oracle Application Server 10g R2: Administration II Student Guide Volume 1 D16509GC30 Edition 3.0 October 2006 D47633

2 Authors Ramaa Mani Shankar Raman Technical Contributors and Reviewers Celia Antonio Peter Brownbridge Martijn Bruggen Holger Dindler-Rasmussen Jim Garm Shalendra Goel Axel Grosse Pavana Jain Paul Kasewurm Peter Laseau Yi Lu Vishal Parashar Cas Prewitt Gayathri Rajagopal Navneet Singh Editors Richard Wallis Atanu Raychaudhuri Copyright 2006, Oracle. All rights reserved. Disclaimer This document contains proprietary information and is protected by copyright and other intellectual property laws. You may copy and print this document solely for your own use in an Oracle training course. The document may not be modified or altered in any way. Except where your use constitutes "fair use" under copyright law, you may not use, share, download, upload, copy, print, display, perform, reproduce, publish, license, post, transmit, or distribute this document in whole or in part without the express authorization of Oracle. The information contained in this document is subject to change without notice. If you find any problems in the document, please report them in writing to: Oracle University, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, California USA. This document is not warranted to be error-free. Restricted Rights Notice If this documentation is delivered to the United States Government or anyone using the documentation on behalf of the United States Government, the following notice is applicable: U.S. GOVERNMENT RIGHTS The U.S. Government s rights to use, modify, reproduce, release, perform, display, or disclose these training materials are restricted by the terms of the applicable Oracle license agreement and/or the applicable U.S. Government contract. Trademark Notice Oracle, JD Edwards, and PeopleSoft, and Siebel are registered trademarks of Oracle Corporation and/or its affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective owners. Graphic Designer Satish Bettegowda Publisher Veena Narasimhan

3 Contents Preface I Introduction Course Objectives I-2 Course Units I-3 Unit 6: Distributed Topologies I-4 Unit 7: Managing Business Intelligence and Forms Components I-5 Unit 8: Diagnostics and Performance I-6 Unit 9: High Availability I-7 Course Schedule I-8 Summary I-9 1 Managing Customized Oracle Application Server Topologies Objectives 1-2 Flexibility in Installing Oracle Application Server Infrastructure 1-3 Role of OPMN in Managing Customized Topologies 1-4 Managing Ports in Customized Topologies 1-5 Deployment Topologies: Overview 1-6 Explaining Key Considerations 1-7 Recommended General Development Topologies 1-8 Java Developer Topology 1-9 Portal and Wireless Developer Topology 1-11 Forms, Reports, and Discoverer Developer Topology 1-13 Integration Topology 1-15 Recommended General Deployment Topologies 1-17 Departmental Topology 1-18 Implementing the Departmental Topology 1-20 Development Life-Cycle Topology 1-21 Enterprise Deployment Architecture (EDA) 1-23 Benefits of Enterprise Deployment 1-24 Standard Enterprise Deployment Topologies 1-25 Enterprise Security Infrastructure Topology 1-27 J2EE Enterprise Deployment Topology 1-28 Portal Enterprise Deployment Topology 1-30 Business Intelligence and Forms Topology 1-31 iii

4 Integration Topology 1-32 Summary Cloning and Staging Oracle Application Server Objectives 2-2 Cloning Oracle Application Server Instances: Overview 2-3 Cloning Oracle Application Server Installations 2-4 Cloning Process: Source Preparation Phase 2-6 Cloning Process: Cloning Phase 2-8 Cloning: Log Files 2-11 Cloning: General Considerations and Limitations 2-12 Customizing the Cloning Process 2-14 Specifying Oracle Universal Installer Parameters 2-15 Assigning Custom Ports 2-16 Updating Custom Data 2-17 Using Cloning to Expand an OracleAS Cluster 2-18 Moving the Middle Tier from Test to Production: Overview 2-21 Moving J2EE Applications from a Test Middle Tier to a New Production Environment 2-22 Moving OracleAS Portal Metadata from Test to Production 2-24 Using Identity Management to Move Applications and Product Metadata 2-26 Summary Distributing Oracle Application Server Infrastructure Components Objectives 3-2 Overview 3-3 Selecting Different Infrastructure Installation Types 3-4 Installing Multiple Metadata Repositories 3-5 Using Multiple Metadata Repositories 3-7 Installing OracleAS Infrastructure by Using an Existing Oracle Database 3-8 Requirements When Using an Existing Oracle Database 3-9 Schema and Tablespace Requirements 3-11 Starting Oracle Application Server Repository Creation Assistant 3-12 Installing OracleAS Metadata Repository in an Existing Database 3-13 Installing OracleAS Infrastructure by Using an Existing Oracle Internet Directory 3-14 Installing Identity Management Components Only 3-16 Installing OCA and Metadata Repository Only 3-17 Using Database-Based OracleAS Clusters and Identity Management 3-18 Using Database-Based Clusters and No Identity Management 3-19 Terminology 3-21 iv

5 Upgrading: Overview 3-22 Oracle Application Server Upgrade Tools 3-23 Upgrading a Distributed Oracle Application Server Environment 3-24 Upgrading Transitions: Three Paths 3-26 System Availability During Upgrade 3-27 OracleAS Infrastructure Upgrade 3-29 Metadata Repository Upgrade Procedure TO HERE 3-31 Identity Management Upgrade Procedure 3-32 Summary Reconfiguring Middle-Tier Instances Objectives 4-2 Expanding a Middle-Tier Installation 4-3 Differences Between Installing and Expanding a Middle Tier 4-4 Expanding a Middle-Tier Installation 4-5 Configuring Additional Components 4-7 Configuring OracleAS Web Cache After Installation 4-8 Verifying That Web Cache Is Working 4-9 Associating a J2EE and Web Cache Installation with Oracle Application Server Infrastructure 4-10 Associating with Identity Management 4-11 Associating with a Metadata Repository 4-13 Configuring OracleAS Portal After Installation 4-16 Performing OracleAS Portal Postconfiguration Tasks 4-18 Configuring Forms and Reports Services After Installation 4-19 Performing Forms Postconfiguration Tasks 4-20 Performing Reports Services Postconfiguration Tasks 4-21 Configuring and Disabling Components 4-22 Deleting OC4J Instances 4-23 Removing an Association with racleas Infrastructure: Deleting the SSO Partner Application 4-25 Deconfig Tool 4-26 Changing Network Configurations 4-27 Changing the Host Name and IP Address (Middle Tier) 4-28 Changing the IP Address (OracleAS Infrastructure) 4-33 Summary Administering OracleBI Discoverer in Oracle Application Server Objectives 5-2 OracleBI Discoverer Components 5-3 Configuring OracleBI Discoverer 5-5 v

6 Controlling the Discoverer Service 5-6 Controlling Discoverer Subcomponents 5-8 Configuring OracleBI Discoverer Plus 5-10 Configuring OracleBI Discoverer Plus: Communication Protocol 5-11 Configuring OracleBI Discoverer Viewer: Changing the Look and Feel 5-12 Configuring OracleBI Discoverer Viewer: Changing the Layout 5-13 Configuring OracleBI Discoverer Viewer: Setting Printing and Options 5-14 Testing and Registering Discoverer Portlet Provider 5-15 Registering Discoverer Portlet Provider 5-17 Configuring Discoverer Portlet Provider: Sessions 5-18 Configuring Discoverer Portlet Provider: Generic Parameters 5-19 Discoverer: OLAP Access 5-20 Discoverer Catalog 5-21 Discoverer Catalog, EUL, and OLAP Catalog 5-23 Installing Discoverer Catalog 5-24 Managing Discoverer Catalog 5-25 Managing Discoverer Catalog: Logging In 5-26 Managing Discoverer Catalog: Authorizing Users and Roles 5-27 Managing Discoverer Catalog: Exporting the Catalog 5-28 Managing Discoverer Catalog: Importing the Catalog 5-29 End-User Requirements for Discoverer Plus OLAP 5-30 Discoverer Connections 5-31 Creating Public OLAP Connections 5-33 Running Discoverer over HTTPS 5-34 OracleBI Discoverer EUL Command Line for Java 5-36 OracleBI Discoverer EUL Command Line for Java: Running Commands 5-37 OracleBI Discoverer EUL Command Line for Java: Features 5-39 Using the Diagnostic Utility for Discoverer Plus OLAP 5-41 Summary Administering Oracle Reports in Oracle Application Server Objectives 6-2 OracleAS Reports Services 6-3 Configuring OracleAS Reports Services 6-4 OracleAS Reports Services: Architecture 6-5 OracleAS Reports Services: Run-Time Process 6-7 Starting and Stopping Stand-Alone OracleAS Reports Services 6-9 Starting and Stopping In-Process OracleAS Reports Services 6-10 Setting Up Reports Services 6-11 OracleAS Reports Services: Configuration Files 6-13 Configuring the Reports Server 6-15 vi

7 Configuring Reports Server Engines 6-17 Configuring the Reports Servlet 6-18 Configuring Additional Reports Server Settings 6-19 Controlling Access and Registering with OracleAS Portal 6-20 Deploying Paper Layout Reports 6-21 Deploying Web Layout Reports 6-22 Deploying a Reports Application by Using OC4J_BI_Forms 6-23 Configuring Reports Application Properties 6-24 Submitting Report Requests 6-25 Running Reports with the Reports Servlet 6-27 Running a JSP-Based Report 6-28 Advantages of Key Mapping 6-29 Enabling Key Mapping 6-30 Using Key Mapping 6-31 Summary Administering Forms Applications in Oracle Application Server Objectives 7-2 Using Oracle Application Server Components 7-3 Integrating OracleAS Forms Services with Oracle Application Server 7-4 Using OracleAS Forms Services Components 7-6 Connection Process: Overview 7-8 OracleAS Forms Services Communication Flow 7-9 Managing Configuration Files 7-11 Performing Configuration Tasks 7-13 How the Forms Servlet Constructs the HTML 7-14 Configuration Files 7-15 Application Server Control: Managing OracleAS Forms Services 7-17 Managing OracleAS Forms Services with Forms Pages 7-18 Configuring the Forms Servlet 7-19 Application Server Control: Configuring the Forms Servlet 7-20 Specifying Parameters 7-21 Configuring Run-Time Pooling 7-22 Restricting URL Parameters 7-23 Using OracleAS Forms Services with OracleAS Single Sign-On and Oracle Internet Directory 7-24 Configuring Oracle Internet Directory for OracleAS Single Sign-On 7-26 Configuring a Forms Application for OracleAS Single Sign-On 7-27 Configuring JVM Pooling 7-29 Configuring Forms Trace 7-30 Modifying the Run-Time Environment 7-31 vii

8 Configuring Environment Variables with Application Server Control 7-32 Tracking User Sessions 7-33 Terminating a User Session 7-34 Managing User Sessions 7-35 Deploying Forms Applications 7-36 Deploying Forms Application Executables 7-37 Deploying Associated Files 7-38 Summary Diagnosing Oracle Application Server Performance Objectives 8-2 Introduction to Oracle Application Server Logging 8-4 Log File Messages by Component 8-5 Using a Log Repository 8-7 Creating and Managing the Diagnostic Message Database Repository 8-8 Configuring Component Logging Options 8-12 Starting and Stopping the Log Loader 8-13 Listing Log Files 8-14 Monitoring OracleAS Portal by Using Application Server Control 8-15 Using Log File Advanced Search 8-16 Viewing Log File Details and Contents 8-17 Searching the Log Repository 8-18 Using Regular Expressions with Log Repository Search 8-19 Viewing Repository Log Entry Details 8-20 Correlating Messages Across Log Files and Components 8-21 Enabling ODL Messages with Oracle HTTP Server 8-23 Configuring OC4J to Produce ODL Messages 8-24 Enabling ECIDs with OC4J 8-25 Updating the Log Loader Configuration 8-26 Purging the Log Repository 8-27 Setting Log Loader Properties 8-28 Troubleshooting Log Loader Problems 8-29 Viewing Log Messages with printlogs 8-31 Using printlogs 8-32 Summary Tuning the Oracle Application Server Middle Tier Objectives 9-2 Performance Tuning 9-3 Monitoring the Performance of Oracle Application Server 9-4 Other Monitoring Tools 9-5 viii

9 Comparison of Monitoring Tools 9-6 Monitoring Oracle HTTP Server 9-7 Detailed Monitoring of Oracle HTTP Server 9-8 Administration of Oracle HTTP Server Logging 9-10 Categorized Monitoring with Application Server Control 9-12 Categorizing Performance by Modules 9-13 Virtual Host Metrics 9-14 Monitoring Child Server Processes 9-15 Managing Server Processes 9-16 Monitoring Processor Usage 9-18 Configuring OC4J for Performance 9-19 Monitoring the OC4J Process or Instance 9-20 Monitoring J2EE Applications 9-21 Setting Java Options 9-22 Setting Up Data Sources 9-24 Setting Up Open Connections 9-26 Setting Up Connection Attributes by Using Application Server Control 9-28 Tips for Tuning Servlets 9-29 Loading Servlet Classes at Startup 9-31 Tips for Tuning JSPs 9-32 Using the main_mode parameter 9-33 Tips for Tuning EJBs 9-34 OC4J-Specific Tips for Tuning EJBs 9-35 Configuring orion-ejb-jar.xml 9-36 Factors That Affect Caching Efficiency 9-37 Tuning Network Timeouts 9-39 Connection Limit 9-40 Cache Size Determination 9-41 Invalidation Performance Considerations 9-42 Invalidating Multiple Objects by Using SUBSTRING 9-43 Using Indexes to Improve Invalidation Performance 9-45 Monitoring OracleAS Forms Services 9-46 Tuning OracleAS Forms Services 9-47 Summary Oracle Application Server High-Availability Solutions Objectives 10-2 Oracle Application Server Clustering Types 10-3 OracleAS Cold Failover Clusters: Terminology 10-4 OracleAS Cold Failover Cluster (Infrastructure): Normal Mode 10-6 OracleAS Cluster: Overview 10-7 ix

10 Benefits of OracleAS Cluster 10-8 Types of OracleAS Cluster 10-9 OracleAS Cluster: Terminology Oracle Application Server Farm OC4J Processes Island: Concepts OC4J Instance, Process, and Island DCM-Managed OracleAS Cluster Architecture of a DCM-Managed OracleAS Cluster Oracle Process Manager and Notification Server (OPMN) Distributed Configuration Management mod_oc4j Load-Balancing Algorithms Used by mod_oc4j Clusterable, Distributable Applications: Benefits High Availability and State Replication Replicating Application State OC4J HTTP Session State Replication: Concepts OC4J Stateful Session Bean Replication: Concepts OracleAS Cluster (Portal): Overview Summary Configuring and Managing OracleAS Clusters (Web Cache) Objectives 11-2 OracleAS Web Cache and Multiple Origin Servers 11-3 OracleAS Clusters (Web Cache): Overview 11-4 OracleAS Clusters (Web Cache): Benefits 11-6 OracleAS Clusters (Web Cache): Concepts 11-8 OracleAS Cluster (Web Cache) or Multiple Independent Caches How an OracleAS Cluster (Web Cache) Works Analyzing the Distribution of Cache Content Distributing Cache Content Failover and Detection Differentiating Between Cluster and Cluster Member Settings Adding Members to an OracleAS Cluster (Web Cache) Configuring OracleAS Cluster (Web Cache) Properties Propagating the Configuration to Cluster Members Dynamic Membership in OracleAS Cluster (Web Cache) Invalidation in OracleAS Cluster (Web Cache) Session Binding (Stateful Load Balancing) Enabling Tracking of Session Binding Configuring Session Binding x

11 Assembling OracleAS Cluster (Web Cache): Performance Metrics Viewing OracleAS Web Cache Performance Viewing Origin Server Statistics Monitoring Popular Requests Summary Configuring and Managing OracleAS Clusters (OC4J) Objectives 12-2 Initiating an OracleAS Farm by Using a File-Based Repository 12-3 Configuring a DCM-Managed OracleAS Cluster 12-5 Considerations for Adding an Instance to a Cluster 12-6 Creating a Cluster 12-7 Managing an OracleAS Cluster 12-8 Adding an Instance to the Cluster by Using Application Server Control 12-9 Starting and Stopping an OracleAS Cluster Removing an Instance from an OracleAS Cluster Deploying Applications to an OracleAS Cluster Creating an OracleAS Cluster by Using dcmctl Configuring OC4J Islands Configuring OC4J Islands and Processes Configuring Web Applications to Be Distributable Configuring State Replication Monitoring Virtual Machine Metrics DCM File-Based Repository Selecting a Host for the File-Based Repository Synchronizing Local Configuration and the Repository Improving Availability of the File-Based Repository Relocating a File-Based Repository by Using Export and Import Moving Instances from One Repository to Another Moving an OracleAS Cluster from One Repository to Another Installing the First OracleAS Portal Instance Configuring Load Balancers for the First Instance of OracleAS Portal Configuring the First Instance on the Application Tier Installing and Configuring the Second OracleAS Portal Instance Configuring the Second OracleAS Portal Instance Completing the Configurations Summary Configuring OracleAS Cold Failover Clusters (Infrastructure) Objectives 13-2 High Availability: Terminology 13-3 xi

12 OracleAS Cold Failover Cluster Infrastructure: Normal Mode 13-5 OracleAS Cold Failover Cluster Infrastructure: Failover Mode 13-6 OracleAS Cold Failover Cluster: Normal Mode (Example) 13-7 OracleAS Cold Failover Cluster: Failover Mode (Example) 13-8 Preinstallation Tasks 13-9 Installation Managing a Failover Accessing the Active Node Starting OracleAS Cold Failover Cluster (Infrastructure) Stopping OracleAS Infrastructure in a Cold Failover Cluster Testing Failover: Steps Middle Tiers in a Cold Failover Cluster Environment Middle Tiers in a Cold Failover Cluster Environment: Failover Mode Preparing an Installation of Middle Tiers Against an OracleAS Cold Failover Cluster (Infrastructure) Installing Middle Tiers Against an OracleAS Cold Failover Cluster (Infrastructure) staticports.ini File Summary Configuring OracleAS Cold Failover Clusters (Middle Tier) Objectives 14-2 OracleAS Cold Failover Cluster (Middle Tier) 14-3 OracleAS Cold Failover Cluster Coexistence 14-4 Implementation 14-5 Preinstallation Tasks for a Single Oracle Home 14-6 Installing the Middle Tier 14-7 Postinstallation Tasks 14-8 Using chgtocmt 14-9 Completing the Postinstallation Steps Actions at Failover OracleAS Cold Failover Cluster (Web Cache) Configuration Changes and Application Deployment Summary Installing and Configuring OracleAS Clusters (Identity Management) Objectives 15-2 OracleAS Infrastructure High Availability 15-3 Highly Available OracleAS Infrastructure 10g Release OracleAS Active Failover Clusters 15-5 xii

13 OracleAS Infrastructure Active Active Configurations in Oracle Application Server 10g Release OracleAS Cluster (Identity Management) 15-7 OracleAS Cluster (Identity Management): Preinstallation Steps 15-8 OracleAS Cluster (Identity Management): Load Balancer Configuration 15-9 OracleAS Clusters (Identity Management) : Installation and Configuration Installing a Distributed OracleAS Cluster (Identity Management) Installing an OracleAS Cluster (Identity Management): First Node Installing Subsequent Nodes Verifying Installation Failover in an OracleAS Cluster (Identity Management) Oracle Internet Directory Service Replication Oracle Identity Management with Multimaster Replication LDAP-Based Replication Metadata Repository in an Existing RAC Database Summary Oracle Application Server Disaster Recovery Objectives 16-2 Disaster Recovery 16-3 Disaster Recovery Paradigm 16-4 Host Naming 16-6 Disaster Recovery: Normal Mode 16-7 Disaster Recovery: Failover Mode 16-8 Topologies: Symmetric Topology 16-9 Simple Asymmetric Topology Setting Up the OracleAS Disaster Recovery Environment Performing Installations Oracle Application Server Guard OracleAS Guard Components OracleAS Guard Servers OracleAS Guard Client OracleAS Guard Operations Disaster Recovery Operations Step 1: Preparing the Production Site Step 2: Preparing the Standby Site Step 3: Instantiating the Standby Site Step 4: Synchronizing the Standby Site Step 5: Switching Over Step 6: Failing Over xiii

14 Step 7: Reinstantiating After Failover DNS Operations Summary Appendix A: Practices Appendix B: Practice Solutions Appendix C: Administering Oracle Application Server with Grid Control Index xiv