Oracle Database 11g: Use XML DB

Transcription

1 Oracle Database 11g: Use XML DB Volume I Student Guide D52498GC10 Edition 1.0 July 2008 D55322

2 Authors Chaitanya Koratamaddi Salome Clement Technical Contributors and Reviewers Drew Adams Coby Adams Rohan Angrish Thomas Baby Ken Cooper Mark Drake Nancy Greenberg Yash Jain Tim Leblanc Geoff Lee Nikunj Mehta Balasubramanyam Sthanikam Asha Tarachandani Ted Witiuik Copyright 2008, Oracle. All rights reserved. Disclaimer This document contains proprietary information and is protected by copyright and other intellectual property laws. You may copy and print this document solely for your own use in an Oracle training course. The document may not be modified or altered in any way. Except where your use constitutes "fair use" under copyright law, you may not use, share, download, upload, copy, print, display, perform, reproduce, publish, license, post, transmit, or distribute this document in whole or in part without the express authorization of Oracle. The information contained in this document is subject to change without notice. If you find any problems in the document, please report them in writing to: Oracle University, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, California USA. This document is not warranted to be error-free. Restricted Rights Notice If this documentation is delivered to the United States Government or anyone using the documentation on behalf of the United States Government, the following notice is applicable: U.S. GOVERNMENT RIGHTS The U.S. Government s rights to use, modify, reproduce, release, perform, display, or disclose these training materials are restricted by the terms of the applicable Oracle license agreement and/or the applicable U.S. Government contract. Trademark Notice Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective owners. Editors Vijayalakshmi Narasimhan Richard Wallis Graphic Designer Satish Bettegowda Publishers Sujatha Nagendra Michael Sebastian

3 Contents Preface I Course Overview Course Objectives I-2 Course Prerequisites I-3 Course Agenda: Day 1 I-4 Course Agenda: Day 2 I-5 Course Agenda: Day 3 I-6 Appendixes I-7 Database Schemas I-8 Human Resources (HR) Schema I-9 Order Entry (OE) Schema I-10 Purchase Order XML Schema I-11 Course Environment I-12 Oracle Database 11g Documentation I-13 Additional Resources I-14 Testing Your Knowledge I-15 1 Oracle XML DB: Introduction Objectives 1-2 Lesson Agenda 1-3 What Is Oracle XML DB? 1-4 Oracle XML DB: Features 1-5 Lesson Agenda 1-7 Using Oracle SQL Developer 1-8 Creating a Database Connection 1-9 Using the SQL Worksheet 1-10 Executing SQL Statements 1-11 Saving SQL Statements 1-12 Executing SQL Scripts 1-13 Creating an Anonymous PL/SQL Block 1-14 Summary 1-15 Practice 1: Overview 1-16 iii

4 2 Storing XML Data in Oracle XML DB Objectives 2-2 Lesson Agenda 2-3 XMLType 2-4 XMLType Storage Models 2-5 When to Use XMLType 2-7 Declaring an XMLType: Examples 2-9 Lesson Agenda 2-10 XML Schema Support in Oracle Database 11g 2-11 XML Schema and Oracle XML DB 2-12 XMLType and XML Schema 2-14 XML Schema Management 2-16 Registering an XML Schema 2-17 Local and Global XML Schemas 2-19 Deleting an XML Schema 2-20 Deleting an XML Schema: Example 2-22 Lesson Agenda 2-23 Choosing an XMLType Storage Model 2-24 Storage and Access Infrastructure 2-26 Object-Relational Storage 2-28 Oracle XML Schema Annotations 2-30 CLOB Storage 2-31 Binary XML Storage 2-34 Binary XML: Advantages 2-35 Registering an XML Schema for Binary XML 2-37 XMLType Storage Models: Relative Advantages 2-39 Practice 2: Overview of Part Lesson Agenda 2-44 Creating XML Schema Based XMLType Tables 2-45 Creating XML Schema Based XMLType Tables: Example 2-46 Lesson Agenda 2-48 Specifying Binary XML Storage 2-49 Specifying Binary XML Storage: Examples 2-50 Allowing Non-Schema-Based Storage 2-51 Lesson Agenda 2-52 Specifying SQL Constraints 2-53 Loading Data into XMLType 2-55 Defining Constraints on Binary XML Data 2-57 Defining Constraints on Binary XML Data: Example 2-58 iv

5 Summary 2-59 Practice 2: Overview of Part Retrieving XML Data in Oracle XML DB Objectives 3-2 Lesson Agenda 3-3 Retrieving XML Content: Overview 3-4 Types of XML Queries 3-5 Lesson Agenda 3-7 XQuery: Review 3-8 FLWOR Expressions: Review 3-9 Lesson Agenda 3-11 XQuery Support in Oracle Database 3-12 XMLQuery 3-14 ora:view 3-15 XMLTable 3-17 Lesson Agenda 3-19 Querying the Database: Relational Data 3-20 Using XMLQuery to Query Relational Data 3-21 Joining Tables by Using XMLQuery 3-22 Lesson Agenda 3-23 Querying the Database: XMLType Data 3-24 Subset of XMLType Member Functions 3-26 Using the extract Function 3-27 Lesson Agenda 3-29 Querying an XMLType Table by Using XMLQuery 3-30 Using XMLTable with PASSING and COLUMNS Clauses 3-32 Querying an XMLType Table by Using XMLTable 3-33 Querying an XMLType Column by Using XMLQuery 3-34 Querying XMLType Data by Using XMLEXISTS 3-35 Using the XMLCAST Function 3-37 Using XMLCAST, XMLQuery, and XMLEXISTS: Example 3-39 Summary 3-40 Practice 3: Overview Indexing XMLType Data Objectives 4-2 Lesson Agenda 4-3 Indexing XMLType Data 4-4 Using Function-Based Index on XMLType Data 4-5 v

6 Using a Full-Text Index 4-7 Lesson Agenda 4-8 What Is XMLIndex? 4-9 Benefits of Using XMLIndex Index 4-10 Lesson Agenda 4-12 XMLIndex Index: Components 4-13 Lesson Agenda 4-15 Creating an XMLIndex Index 4-16 Creating Secondary Indexes 4-17 Dictionary Views for XMLIndex 4-18 Lesson Agenda 4-19 Determining XMLIndex Index Usage 4-20 Lesson Agenda 4-22 XMLIndex Path Subsetting 4-23 Specifying Paths for XMLIndex 4-24 Specifying Paths for XMLIndex: Examples 4-25 XMLIndex Parallelism 4-26 Lesson Agenda 4-27 Asynchronous Maintenance of XMLIndex Index 4-28 Lesson Agenda 4-29 Using XMLIndex: Guidelines 4-30 Turning Off XMLIndex 4-31 Summary 4-32 Practice 4: Overview Generating and Transforming XML Data Objectives 5-2 Lesson Agenda 5-3 Using XQuery to Generate XML 5-4 Generating an XML Document from Relational Data: Example 5-5 Lesson Agenda 5-6 XMLELEMENT Function 5-7 XMLATTRIBUTES Function 5-9 XMLFOREST Function 5-11 Generating Nested XML Elements 5-12 XMLCONCAT Function 5-13 XMLAGG Function 5-14 Generating Master-Detail Content 5-15 A Complex Master-Detail: Example 5-16 XMLSERIALIZE Function 5-17 vi

7 XMLCOMMENT, XMLPI, and XMLPARSE Functions 5-18 Lesson Agenda 5-20 XMLCOLATTVAL Function 5-21 SYS_XMLGEN Function 5-22 SYS_XMLAGG Function 5-24 XMLCDATA Function 5-25 XMLROOT Function 5-26 Practice 5 Overview: Part Lesson Agenda 5-30 DBMS_XMLGEN PL/SQL Package 5-31 Using the DBMS_XMLGEN PL/SQL Package: Steps 5-32 Generating Simple XML: Example 5-33 Generating Recursive XML with a Hierarchical Query 5-35 Lesson Agenda 5-37 What Are XMLType Views? 5-38 Creating an XMLType View 5-39 Lesson Agenda 5-41 Transforming XML: Overview 5-42 Transformation Functions 5-43 Using the XMLTransform() Function 5-44 Using the XMLTransform() Function: Results 5-46 Benefits of XML Transformation 5-47 Summary 5-48 Practice 5 Overview: Part Using XQuery with Oracle XML DB: Additional Use Cases Objectives 6-2 Lesson Agenda 6-3 Using XQuery 6-4 Using XQuery to Transform XML 6-5 Using XQuery to Query XML 6-6 Static Type-Checking of XQuery Expressions 6-8 XMLTable Versus XMLQuery 6-10 Querying an XML Document in the Oracle XML DB Repository 6-12 Using doc to Query Repository Documents 6-13 Using collection to Query Repository Documents 6-14 Using XQuery to Query Sources Beyond the Database 6-15 Lesson Agenda 6-16 Using XQuery with PL/SQL: Binding Dynamic Variables 6-17 Lesson Agenda 6-19 vii

8 Using a Namespace with XQuery: Examples 6-20 Lesson Agenda 6-22 XQuery Support in SQL*Plus: XQUERY Command 6-23 Summary 6-24 Practice 6: Overview Manipulating XML Data Objectives 7-2 Lesson Agenda 7-3 Using SQL Functions to Modify XML Data 7-4 UPDATEXML SQL Function 7-5 INSERTCHILDXML SQL Function 7-7 INSERTXMLBEFORE SQL Function 7-9 APPENDCHILDXML SQL Function 7-11 DELETEXML SQL Function 7-13 Summary 7-14 Practice 7: Overview Oracle XML DB Repository Objectives 8-2 Lesson Agenda 8-3 Oracle XML DB Repository: Overview 8-4 Oracle XML DB Repository: Architecture 8-5 Hierarchical Structures in the Repository 8-6 Links in Oracle XML DB 8-7 Oracle XML DB Repository Services 8-8 Lesson Agenda 8-10 Oracle XML DB Resource API for PL/SQL (DBMS_XDB) 8-11 Creating Folders and Resources Using PL/SQL 8-12 Lesson Agenda 8-13 Accessing Resources 8-14 SQL Access 8-15 RESOURCE_VIEW and PATH_VIEW SQL Functions 8-17 Determining Paths by Using RESOURCE_VIEW 8-18 Extracting Resource Metadata by Using RESOURCE_VIEW 8-20 Extracting Link and Resource Information by Using PATH_VIEW 8-22 Navigational Access 8-23 Internet Access 8-24 Starting an FTP Session 8-25 Starting an HTTP Session 8-26 viii

9 HTTPS Support 8-27 Starting a WebDAV Session 8-28 Using Native Oracle XML DB Web Services 8-29 Why Native Oracle XML DB Web Services 8-30 Lesson Agenda 8-31 Access Control Lists 8-32 ACL-Based Security Management: Managing an ACL on a Resource 8-33 ACL-Based Security Management: Managing Privileges 8-35 Lesson Agenda 8-37 Compound Documents 8-38 Compound Documents: Example 8-39 Repository Events 8-40 Implementing Repository Events 8-41 Example: WasteBasket Application 8-42 Summary 8-48 Practice 8: Overview Managing Changes in an XML Schema Objectives 9-2 Lesson Agenda 9-3 XML Schema Evolution 9-4 Copy-Based XML Schema Evolution 9-5 DBMS_XMLSCHEMA.copyEvolve Procedure 9-6 Using DBMS_XMLSCHEMA.copyEvolve: Steps 9-7 Lesson Agenda 9-8 Copy-Based XML Schema Evolution: Example 9-9 Copy-Based XML Schema Evolution: Guidelines 9-14 Using DBMS_XMLSCHEMA.copyEvolve: Disadvantages 9-15 Lesson Agenda 9-16 In-Place XML Schema Evolution 9-17 Why In-Place XML Schema Evolution 9-18 Performing In-Place XML Schema Evolution 9-19 Creating an XML Document for the diffxml Parameter 9-21 Lesson Agenda 9-22 In-Place XML Schema Evolution: Example 9-23 Using In-Place XML Schema Evolution: Guidelines 9-27 In-Place XML Schema Evolution: Supported Operations 9-28 In-Place XML Schema Evolution: Restrictions 9-30 Summary 9-32 Practice 9: Overview 9-33 ix

10 10 Exporting and Importing XML Data Objectives 10-2 Lesson Agenda 10-3 SQL*Loader: Overview 10-4 Loading XMLType Data by Using SQL*Loader 10-6 Loading XMLType Data Stored in a Control File 10-7 Loading XMLType Data Stored in a Separate File 10-9 Lesson Agenda Oracle Data Pump: Components Exporting and Importing XMLType Tables and Columns Exporting XML Schema Based XMLType Tables Export/Import Modes Exporting XMLType Data: Examples Importing XMLType Data: Example Summary Practice 10: Overview Workshop Objectives 11-2 Prerequisites 11-3 Workshop I 11-4 Workshop II 11-7 Summary Appendix A: Practices and Solutions Appendix B: Table Descriptions Appendix C: Using SQL Developer Appendix D: Using Oracle JDeveloper Appendix E: PL/SQL API for XMLType Appendix F: Accessing XML Through URIs Index x