Introduction to Open Source GIS

Transcription

1 Introduction to Open Source GIS a practical overview Michael Gerlek Karsten Vennemann Aaron Racicot Dane Springmeyer Cascadia Users of Geospatial Open Source Cascadia Chapter of the Open Source Geospatial Foundation

2 Workshop Outline Open Source GIS a practical overview 1. Introduction to Free and Open Source GIS What is Open Source (GIS)? CUGOS/OSGEO, Licensing Some Foundations What is out there? Tools and Libraries 2. Desktop GIS Desktop GIS and Tools QGIS 3. Web GIS Interoperable Web GIS Components Mapping Engines and Frameworks Extending GIS Capabilities Spatial Databases and Advanced Tools GeoDjango & Mapnik 4. Interactive Discussion Q & A Opportunity to discuss OS GIS related topics with OS users and developers Resources- Articles, User Groups, Conferences

3 1 st Session - Introduction Introduction to Free and Open Source GIS Michael Gerlek Karsten Vennemann

4 What is Open Source (GIS)? Open source means that the source code is available to the general public for use, distribution, and modification from its original design free of charge (among a long list of other requirements) Open Source Open Standards While most open source geospatial software is built on the standards of the Open Geospatial Consortium (OGC) the term Open Source it is not synonymous with Open Standards because both proprietary and open source software can be compliant with the OGC Open Standards. OSGeo is the organization that supports the development of the highest quality open source geospatial software.

5 Licenses, OS Culture and Resources

6 Licenses

7 1 st Session - Introduction What is out there? A whole lot! A jungle! Difficulties finding XY More than 250 project entries on Selection of some of the most advanced and popular OS GIS components Something for everybody, some are special have neat features

8 1 st Session - Introduction Overview OS Software uses synergies: sharing of libraries avoiding duplication of effort Different tribes use different tools: Tribe C/C++ Tribe Java Tribe Web tribe Examples MapServer, GRASS, Mapguide, QGIS PostGIS, OGR/GDAL, PROJ4, GEOS, FDO, TerraLib GeoTools, GeoServer, udig, DeeGree JUMP, gvsig MapBender, OpenLayers, Ka-map.Net Tribe SharpMap, WorldWind, MapWindow

9 1 st Session - Introduction Some Foundations - Tools and Libraries A few libraries that are the foundation of many Open Source and commercial Geospatial Software Packages GDAL (Raster) and OGR (Vector) Geospatial Data Abstraction Library / OpenGIS Simple Features Reference Implementation Tools for reading, writing and processing of raster and vector data sets -> formats Important base for many Desktop GIS systems e.g. ArcGIS OGR extends MapServer formats Oracle Spatial, ESRI Geodatabase (MDB), TIGER, MapInfo PROJ4 is a library for cartographic projection routines stand alone projection utility proj libraries for more than 2500 projections (e.g. EPSG list) GeoTools is an open source Java GIS toolkit is a library for cartographic projection routines Similar usage as OGR and GDAL for Java based projects Udig and GeoServer are based on GeoTools

10 2 nd Session - Desktop GIS Desktop GIS Karsten Vennemann Aaron Racicot

11 2 nd Session - Desktop GIS Desktop Programs Geographic Resources Analysis Support System (Grass) gvsig & Sextante User friendly Desktop Internet GIS (Udig) & JGrass OpenJump Quantum GIS (QGIS) The Generic Mapping Tools (GMT) Spring TerraView MapWindow Spatial Data Integrator Open Source Software Image Map (OSSIM) The R Project for Statistical Computing (R)

12 2 nd Session - Desktop GIS Geographic Resources Analysis Support System (Grass) Main supporter ITC, Trento, Italy Written in C, Unix/Linux based in 2008 release of the first windows version! Started 1982 by US Army, discontinued 1995 Revived 1997 by Baylor Univ. Since 2001 at ITC (a public research center of the Autonomous Province of Trento, Italy) Functionality Originally Raster GIS + Remote Sensing Now a Comprehensive Desktop GIS Image analysis As powerful for analysis as Arc/Info! (compare Thesis in references) Weakness in UI can be mediated using QGIS, JGrass as UI

13 2 nd Session - Desktop GIS gvsig and Sextante Main supporters Generalitat Valencia (GVA) - Province of Valencia, Spain IVER Tecnologías Jaume - University of Castellón Junta de Extremadura, Universidad de Extremadura, Spain Written in Java, using Eclipse for development Built on GeoTools and JTS Multi platform Modular design Modern Functionalities WMS, WFS, connect to ArcSde Multilingual Desktop GIS new language management extension (March 2009) Sextante -220 spatial analysis functions

14 2 nd Session - Desktop GIS User friendly Desktop Internet GIS (Udig) + JGrass Main supporter Refractions Written in Java, using Eclipse for development Built on GeoTools Multi platform Modular design Functionality JGrass Multilingual Desktop GIS Strong WMS/WFS support Styled Layer Descriptor (SLD) support (client-directed dynamic re-styling of WMS layers) Is the UI for JGrass UDIG based GIS for hydrological and geomophological analyses the analysis functions are either Grass functions rewritten in Java or wrapped Grass analysis functions

15 2 nd Session - Desktop GIS OpenJump - JUMP Unified Mapping Platform Main supporters Vivid Solutions and Kosmo SAIG Written in Java Variety of Flavors (JUMP / OpenJUMP / Kosmo) Multi platform Functionality Desktop GIS Viewer Analysis Powerful editing and QA environment e.g. shape file problem resolving capabilities

16 2 nd Session - Desktop GIS Quantum GIS (QGIS) ) Main supporter Gary Sherman (gsherman@sourceforge.net Written in C++ Depends on QT widget Multi platform Functionality Desktop GIS Viewer Can be used as a UI to Grass GIS with the Grass Plug-in a remote control for Grass Python bindings allow for programmatic interaction More about QGIS by Aaron Racicot

17 3 rd Session - Web GIS Web GIS Web GIS Karsten Vennemann Dane Springmeyer

18 3 rd Session - Web GIS Web GIS Schematic View Interoperable Web GIS Web browser Client Side Framework Client computer Client Side Scripting (JavaScript/AJAX) Web Server Server computer(s) Mapping Mapping Engine Engine Mapping Engine WMS/ WFS Server Side Framework Vector file Spatial Data Raster file Spatial DB Additional Services Data Access (Read/Write) Caching and Tiling Extended GIS Functionality Web Processing Services

19 3 rd Session - Web GIS Web GIS Relations of Web GIS Components Geoserver MapBender WFS WMS MapServer OpenLayers MapFish TileCache FeatureServer PostGIS File Sources Modified from The State of Open Source GIS, Paul Ramsey, Sep. 2007, formerly Refractions Research, Victoria, BC, Canada

20 3 rd Session - Web GIS Web GIS Engines Web GIS Engines Mapserver (C) Geoserver (Java) Mapnik (C++) Map Guide Open Source (C++) + Fusion by DM Solutions Deegree (Java)

21 3 rd Session - Web GIS Web GIS Engines MapServer Originally developed at the University of Minnesota (UMN), short MapServer one of the most mature open source projects written in C Main Focus rendering spatial data development environment for spatially-enabled internet applications Map output CGI mapserv (Linux) and mapserv.exe (windows) MapScript API available for Python, PHP, Perl, Ruby, C# and Java Map/Layer configuration text file.map Formats In: PostGIS, Oracle Spatial ArcSDE, WMS, GDAL and OGR formats Out: GIF, JPG, PNG, all GDAL formats, WFS and WMS

22 3 rd Session - Web GIS Web GIS Engines GeoServer Main supporter The Open Planning Project (TOPP) newer development than Mapserver written in Java, built on top of Geotools (like Udig) Main Focus rendering images, serving and editing spatial data More differences to Mapserver configuration web-based Graphical user interface (stored as xml) transactional capabilities, support for shared editing Formats PostGIS, Shapefile, ArcSDE, DB2, Oracle (soon VPF, MySQL, MapInfo, WFS) JPG, GIF, PNG, SVG, KML/KMZ, GML, Shapefile, GeoJSON, GeoRSS WFS and WMS output

23 3 rd Session - Web GIS Web GIS Engines GeoServer

24 3 rd Session - Web GIS Frameworks Web GIS Frameworks Client Side JavaScript/Ajax Libraries Client-Server Side JavaScript/Ajax Libraries Server Side Scripts, Database Open Layers JavaScript API Ka-Map JavaScript API Mapbender PHP, JavaScript, PostGIS MapFish Python (Pylons), Java Script (ExtJs) and Open Layers

25 3 rd Session - Web GIS Client side - Frameworks Open Layers Main supporter MetaCarta object-oriented JavaScript library (using Prototype.js and Rico library) Lets you add maps to any web page by embedding OpenLayer.js no server-side dependencies Easily reusable component similar to Google Maps and MSN Virtual Earth Web Mapping APIs Slippy map style Input Formats Tile sources: Virtual Earth, Worldwind, Yahoo & Google Maps, WMS Vector layer input: KaMap, MapServer, GeoRSS, WFS, [KML] Standard Tools Google Like zoom bar, standard functions like zoom in/out pan

26 3 rd Session - Web GIS Server & Client side - Frameworks MapFish Main supporter Camptocamp Widgets and plugins oriented architecture MapFish Client - JavaScript framework two parts mapping part OpenLayers user interface (GUI widgets) ExtJs library MapFish Server MapFish Server is a Python framework (based on Pylons) Main Focus - Adding server side framework to OpenLayers Advanced UI components: layer tree Server-side services: authentication, query Server-side processing: routing, editing

27 3 rd Session - Web GIS Server & Client side - Frameworks MapFish

28 3 rd Session - Web GIS Server & Client side - Frameworks MapFish

29 3 rd Session - Web GIS Server & Client side - Frameworks MapFish

30 3 rd Session - Web GIS Server & Client side - Frameworks Mapbender Main supporter WhereGroup Comprehensive Client - Server framework implemented in PHP, JavaScript and XML Management Database MySQL or PostgreSql Functionality Input displaying, navigating, editing and querying spatial data and maps map services authorization services (OWS proxy functionality) management interfaces for user, group and service administration Management of WMS and WFS User interface configuration and tool stored in data base WMS and WFS

31 3 rd Session - Web GIS Extending GIS Capabilities Spatial Data Storage solutions - PostGIS Main supporter Refractions PostGIS - extension for PostgreSQL adds support for geographic objects to PostgreSQL enables PostgreSQL server to be used as a backend spatial database for GIS Spatial operations and analysis simply mean running a (spatial) SQL query in the database Similar functions as SDE and much more. Interaction with the DB Command line psql utility PgAdmin GUI

32 3 rd Session - Web GIS Extending GIS Capabilities - Additional tools FeatureServer middleware for publishing and modifying geospatial data in lots of different formats to the web (RESTful Geographic Feature Service) dynamic capabilities to read geographic features (or collections) with standard HTTP methods from distributed sources (aggregation) translate geographic features between formats e.g. input shape file and open in Google Earth TileCache server software solution with caching and rendering capabilities create your own local disk-based cache of any WMS server use the resulting map tiles in supporting clients e.g. OpenLayers, Google maps, Virtual Earth, Worldkit create a fast performing slippy style map a la Google Maps

33 3 rd Session - Web GIS More about GeoDjango & Mapnik by Dane Springmayer

34 4 th Session - Discussion Interactive Discussion Q & A

35 Resources Articles The State of Open Source GIS, Version September By Paul Ramsey, formerly Refractions Research, Victoria. 49pages. attachment_id=8 Comparison Of Geographic Information System Software (Arcgis 9.0 And Grass 6.0): Implementation And Case Study MS Thesis by Todd R. Buchanan, Fort Hays State University. 89pages Geospatial Interoperability Return on Investment Study, National Aeronautics and Space Administration, Geospatial Interoperability Office, April pages Web Sites Free GIS Project Open source GIS list Map Tools OSGeo

36 Resources Tools Simple Feature Library (OGR) Geospatial Data Abstraction Library (GDAL) GeoTools PROJ4 FWTools (utility collection ) GMT TerraLib Spatial Data Integrator Open Source Software Image Map (OSSIM) The R Project for Statistical Computing

37 Resources Desktop GIS Grass Udig JGrass QGIS Open Ocean Map gvsig OpenJump MapWindow Spring

38 Resources Interoperable Web GIS Mapping engines Mapserver Geoserver Mapnik Frameworks Open Layers MapFish Mapbender geodjango Spatial Database PostgreSQL PostGIS More Tools Featureserver TileCache

39 Resources GIS Samplers. Live CDs, Compilations GIS Virtual Machine Hostgis Linux GeoLive MapServer for Windows Ominiverdi Live CD

40 Resources Conferences Year Location Dates URL 2009 Sydney, Australia October 20-23, Cape Town, South Africa Sep/Oct Victoria, Canada September Lausanne, Switzerland September User Groups CUGOS Cascadia Users of Geospatial Open Source Seattle PDX OSGIS Portland Area Portland BAUGOS Bay Area Users of Geospatial Open Source San Francisco FRUGOS Front Range Users of Geospatial Open Source Colorado Internet Relay Chat (IRC) URL: irc://freenode.net Channels for Mapbender, PostGIS, PostgreSQL, MapServer, GeoServer, OpenLayers, and MapFish One client to use for IRC is Chatzilla. Chatzilla is an add-on to Mozilla Firefox

41 Resources Mailing Lists List List archives Mapbender PostGIS PostgreSQL MapServer GeoServer OpenLayers TileCache MapFish or URL Meeting the Pros Name Focus blog/website/info Paul Ramsey PostGIS, MapServer Steve Lime MapServer Howard Butler MapServer Frank Warmerdam GDAL/OGR Christopher Schmidt OpenLayers, FeatureServer