GIS Sys tem. Images. Image Processing. Statistical Reports. System. Maps. Map Digitizing. Statistical. Analysis System Spatial Data Base.

Transcription

1 Images Maps Map Digitizing System Image Processing System Statistical Analysis System Statistical Reports Geographic Analysis System Spatial Data Base Attribute Data Base Database Management System GIS Sys tem Cartographic Display System Maps Statistics Tabular Data 1

2 The Data Layers GIS Data Formats! "# $%& # '! () **+ (,-!. /

3 Vector and Raster Representation of Line Map Features Map Feature GIS Vector Format GIS Raster Format Vector and Raster Representation of Area Map Features Map Feature GIS Vector Format GIS Raster Format 3

4 Geographic Information Systems GIS History Mainframe Mini- Mainframe Mini- Mainframe Workstation Mini-frame UNIX Workstation Workstation PC Desktop PC Time 1960 s 1970 s 1980 s 1990 s 2000 s Prototypes Odyssey GRASS Arc / Info Intergraph OSU Map Arc / Info ArcView MapInfo GRASS Idrisi UNIX Workstation Workstation PC Desktop PC Web GIS 2005 Gmap ArcGIS OpenLayers GRASS KMap ERDAS Imagine : CE<C DE<F@G HIJ K LMN OP QRROSNTUOR VWXYZ TO WX[Z\ K LMN OP ]O^^_M`UNaUbNTUOR VWXcZ TO WXXZ\ K LMN OP de_r ftnrgnmgh NRg foptinm_ VWXXZ TO jzzz\ K LMN OP LkeaOUTNTUOR VjZZWl\ 4

5 GIS Evolution / Growth Time 2000s 1990s 1980s 1970s Ubiquitous GIS Application End-User Application Professional GIS Expert CS Professional Web-Based Services Internet & Data PC Desktop Workstation Mainframe GIS/Internet Technology + Number of Users + GIS Explosion Evolution: Stakeholder Base Surveying & Mapping Resource Based Business Geographics Environment & Emergency Socio- Economic 5

6 Evolution: User Base Computer Specialists GIS Technical Specialists Application Specialists Professionals Citizens Evolution: Organizational Focus Data Conversion Digital Mapping Data Collection Application Development Data Analyses 6

7 Closed Source GIS Providers m n opq m qrstu vuwxy m qzpqoq m {wxqr } 7

8 What is Open Source? m zt ~t}xtu utt utw ƒ } ƒ wr ut su st } uˆt ˆ} t m tu utt t wr su st xu}vuw m Šytut r} ˆ} s s} wˆ ut syt } sœwut wr sytut wut r} w rstrwrˆt tt m Šytut w t ˆ} s }u suw r rv wr t~t}x trs } ˆ s} t wxx ˆws }r Benefits of Open Source GIS m Ž u} ~ t qo rˆs }rw s s} xt}xt Œy} }sytuœ t ˆ} r s w }u syt s}} m Ž u} ~ t }xx}us r s s} ˆ s} t }u }ˆw rtt m r st ˆ}x t s} t s}x tu~tu m zu ~t r su swr wu ˆy w xtr t} xws w }r }us Œt tu~ ˆt ˆy w { o ƒ oƒ }sytu 8

9 Open Source GIS Problems! š œœ žÿ œ ž œœ ª œ«š Ÿ ªž ž œœ žª œ ªž ± ª Ÿ Ÿ ± ª œ«² Ÿ š ª œ ª œ ³ œ Ÿ ž Ÿ ³ œ ª ž Ÿ œœ ž µ žª ª œœ š œ ž ªž Ÿ Ÿ œ œ ª ²Ÿ š ž ª œ ž Ÿœµ ² ª «ž Ÿ ¹ž žÿ ÈÉÉÊËÌÌÍÍÍÎÏÐÑÒÏÎÏÓÑ ÈÉÉÊËÌÌÍÍÍÎÏÐÑÒÏÎÔ Ê FDO MapGuideOpenSource º»¼½½ ¾ À ÁÂÃÄÅÆÇ 9

10 ÕÖ Ø ÙÚ ØÖÛ ÜÝÞÛß àßáâã ØÙßâä å The Foundation provides for a common umbrella to Free and Open Source software users, developers, businesses and education å The OSGeo Foundation is a non-profit organization founded in 2006 by 45 Charter Members from all over the world å Charter Members voted a board of nine directors and president (Frank Warmerdam) å Software projects go through an incubation process similar to that of the Apache Foundation å People organize in committees and work groups communicate through several dozen mailing lists and collaborate on the Wiki. å Membership is open and broadly inclusive ãûûæçûû éêë ìíîîïðñ è deegree is the most substantial implementation of OGC (Open Geospatial Consortium)- and ISOstandards in the field of Free Software. It builds the foundation for numerous productive components of spatial data infrastructures - in Germany, Europe and the entire world. 10

11 ò óôûâãûç éêë ìíîîïðñ è The software is implemented in PHP, JavaScript and XML and provides a web based framework for managing spatial data services. It can display, navigate, query and edit maps and features from MapServer, MapGuide, GeoServer (based on GeoTools) or any other standards-compliant map or feature service. The Mapbender framework furthermore provides authentication and authorization services, OWS Security Proxy functionality, management interfaces for user, group and service administration in WebGIS projects. ò óôáùõãûç éêë ìíîîïðñ è Mapbuilder client-side javascript library for putting mapping in a web page, using an AJAX style of interaction. It works by retrieving XML data from the various sources and rendering that using the browser's built in XSL processor. The target audience for this is HTML coders, all functionality is specified using an XML configuration file. Server-side requirements are minimal: at minimum an HTTP server, at most 2 other server scripts which are provided (for PHP and J2EE environments). 11

12 ò óþáùãû ÜóÛâ ÝßáçöÛ éêë ìíîîïðñ è MapGuide Open Source is a webbased platform that enables users to quickly develop and deploy web mapping applications and geospatial web services. MapGuide features an interactive viewer, XML database for managing content, and supports most popular geospatial file formats, databases, and standards. MapGuide can be deployed on Linux or Windows, supports Apache and IIS web servers, and offers extensive PHP,.NET, Java, and JavaScript APIs for application development. MapGuide Open Source is licensed under the LGPL. ò óýûç Ûç éêë ìíîîïðñ è MapServer is an Open Source development environment for building spatially-enabled internet applications. MapServer excels at rendering spatial data (maps, images, and vector data) for the web. MapServer is operated as productive engine in all parts of the world (Examples from UNEP, Brazil, Minnesota) 12

13 ÜóÛâø ùûçú éêë ìíîîïðñ OpenLayers makes it easy to put a dynamic map in any web page. It can display map tiles and markers loaded from any source. OpenLayers is completely free, Open Source JavaScript, released under a BSD-style License. ÞúûÝÝ è The Geographic Resources Analysis Support System is a Geographic Information System (GIS) used for geospatial data management and analysis, image processing, graphics/maps production, spatial modeling, and visualization. GRASS is currently used in academic and commercial settings around the world, as well as by many governmental agencies and environmental consulting companies. 13

14 ÜÝÝüò ý û þûúßÿû Ùÿ æû óçßöûúúùâæ è The OSSIM project provides cross platform, high performance image and remote sensing processing for the OSGeo community. Included with the distribution are a number of command line and GUI applications that provide complex geo-spatial processing, ortho-rectification, precision terrain correction, mosaicking, and cross sensor fusions. ÞüÝ Quantum GIS or QGIS 14

15 æ ÝüÞ Desktop gvsig is a tool oriented to manage geographic information. It is characterized by a userfriendly interface, with a quick access to the most usual raster and vector formats. In the same view it includes local as well as remote data through a WMS, WCS or WFS source. Mobile FDO Data Access Technology is an API for manipulating, defining and analyzing geospatial information regardless of where it is stored. 15

16 is a translator library for raster geospatial data formats that is released under an X/MIT style Open Source license. As a library, it presents a single abstract data model to the calling application for all supported formats. The related OGR library (which lives within the GDAL source tree) provides a similar capability for simple features vector data.!"#! $ %! & ' ( GEOS is a C++ port of the Java Topology Suite (JTS). This includes all the OpenGIS "Simple Features for SQL POINT (10 10) LINESTRING( 1 1, 20 20, 30 40) POLYGON ((1 1, 10 20, 20 20, 20 15, 1 1)) MULTIPOINT(10 10, 20 20) Etc 16

17 ) GeoTools is an open source (LGPL) Java code library which provides standards compliant methods for the manipulation of geospatial data, for example to implement Geographic Information Systems (GIS). ) Geotools is used by a number of projects including Web Feature Servers, Web Map Servers, and desktop applications *+, 17

18 -./ :059 ;:1< 0395 No software without data, no users without education Education and Curriculum Committee OSGeo fosters and promotes the use of Free and Open Source software in education Creates curricula and maintains course materialdocumentation and tutorials Contact point for information and know-how transfer Public Geospatial Data Project o OSGeo actively supports and fosters free access to geospatial data o Creates, maintains and disseminates metadata o Provides for information regarding copyright and licensing o Gets involved with political processes regarding dissemination of public geodata 18

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