The semantic WEB Roles of XML & RDF
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1 Th smantic WEB Rols of XML & RDF STEFAN DECKER AND SERGEY MELNIK FRANK VAN HARMELEN, DIETER FENSEL, AND MICHEL KLEIN JEEN BROEKSTRA MICHAEL ERDMANN IAN HORROCKS Prsntd by: Iniyai Thiruvalluvan CSCI586 Databas Introprability 1
2 Smantic Wb What & Why Wb commonly for dirct human procssing Smantic Wb nabl intllignt srvics Syntactic & Smantic ingstion Common Standards XML & RDF Rol of Ontologis XML Positivs & Ngativs RDF/ RDF schma CSCI586 Databas Introprability 2
3 Ontologis Shard formal concptualizati ons of particular domains. Us cas buyrs & sllrs. Sports databass CSCI586 Databas Introprability 3
4 Ontology Intrchang Languag To rprsnt an ontology: Slot Dfinition Class Dfinition It can furthr hav 1. Dfinition typ 2. Slot constraint 3. Sub-class of Componnts of slot constraint 4. Nam 5. Valu typ 6. Has-valu CSCI586 Databas Introprability 4
5 Oil Ontology - xampl CSCI586 Databas Introprability 5
6 XML Nstd Tags Documnt Typ Dfinition: Documnt structur. XML schma= also usd for th sam purpos <class-df> <class-nam = branch /> <slot-constraint> <slot nam="is-partof"/> <has-valu> <class nam="tr"/> </has-valu> </slot-constraint> </class-df> <class-df> <nam>branch</nam> <slot-constraint> <nam>is-part-of</nam> <has-valu>tr</hasvalu> </slot-constraint> </class-df> CSCI586 Databas Introprability 6
7 XML - contd DTD hlps facilitat a common undrstanding of th maning of XML lmnts and th structur of th XML. But nw usd cannot b addd. Why?? Purchas Ordr Company Principal CSCI586 Databas Introprability 7
8 RDF Objct Attribut Valu triplt. Objcts and valus can b intrchangd. Exampl : Book is both a valu in author-of rlationship and an objct in th haspric rlationship. Jim Lnnrs s:hasnam Employ id-132 s: author of ISBN5 23 s:haspric $ 62 CSCI586 Databas Introprability 8
9 Knowldg Rprsntation 1. Univrsal xprssiv powr. 2. Syntactic Introprability: Structur 3. Smantic Introprability: Maning CSCI586 Databas Introprability 9
10 XML or RDF? Any thoughts on which would b a bttr choic for Knowldg rprsntation? Why is th othr on still bing usd? CSCI586 Databas Introprability 10
11 XML for Knowldg Rprsntation Th maning might b diffrnt vn if th DTD s ar xactly th sam. Limitd Rusability. Stps to add partnrs to a XML communication: R-nginr concptual modls Match domain modl ruls to XML translation ruls. Translat documnt from DTD A to DTD B. Using RDF: Natural smantic units bcaus of Objct Attribut structur. CSCI586 Databas Introprability 11
12 Lvls of KR systms. Implmntation Lvl: Data structurs, low lvl dtails. Logic Lvl: Infrncs prformd by th systm. Epistmological Lvl: Rprsntation primitivs for xprssing knowldg in a convnint way. This itslf is an ontology which dfins th trms of th rprsntation languag. Sound familiar? CSCI586 Databas Introprability 12
13 Ontology Languag to RDF schma 1. Dscrib languag L s modling primitivs using RDF schma (ffctivly writing th mtaontology of L in RDF schma). 2. Dscrib a spcific ontology in L using th rsulting RDF schma documnt. 3. Us th RDF schma documnts to dscrib instancs of th spcific L ontology modld in stp 2. NOTE: Trms from diffrnt ontologis can b mixd in on RDF documnt without confusion CSCI586 Databas Introprability 13
14 Rlationship btwn RDF and OIL rdf:typ rdf: Proprty rdf:subcla ssof rdf:typ Rdfs:ran g oil: hasopra nd Rdfs:rang Rdfs:dom ain rdf: subclass of oil: AND oil: ClassExprs sion rdf:typ rdf: subclass of oil: NOT class-df hrbivor subclass-of animal AND NOT carnivor Rdfs: doma in rdf:typ rdfs: Class CSCI586 Databas Introprability 14 rdf:typ
15 Using an Ontology Languag to Extnd RDF St p Exprssion Typ Exampl Encoding 1 Modling primitivs of ontology languag L 2 Spcific ontology xprssd in L 3 Instancs of th spcific ontology oil: AND, oil: NOT Class-df giraff, Subclass of hrbivor Animal-12- ats-laf34 RDF: mtaontology in RDF schma RDF: Ontology (using mtaontology and schma) RDF (using RDF schma and mtaontology) CSCI586 Databas Introprability 15
16 An xampl oil: NOT Rdf: Class rdf:typ hrbivor rdf:typ rdf: subclass of oil: AND rdf:typ oil: hasoprand oil: hasoprand carnivor oil: hasoprand class-df dfind hrbivor subclass-of animal, NOT carnivor animal CSCI586 Databas Introprability 16
17 Som mor nots on OIL -> RDF RDF vrything is an objct. Hnc nw concpts in OIL hasoprand, hasproprty. OIL has slot constraints, which ar unavailabl in RDF: introduc oil:slotconstraint to allow rstrictions in slot dfinitions. But to maintain maximal compatibility, us RDF schma vocabulary whrvr possibl. CSCI586 Databas Introprability 17
18 Oil Vocabulary Mapping to RDF schma OIL Original Vocabulary Class-df Subclass-of Slot constraint AND NOT Has-valu RDF vocabulary Rdfs: Class Rdfs: subclass of Oil: hasslotconstraint Oil:SlotConstraint Oil-AND Oil-NOT Oil-hasvalu CSCI586 Databas Introprability
19 CONCLUSION XML is an important stp towards smantic intgration. But not in th long run. RDF data modl bing sound, is a good altrnativ. Approachs from Knowldg nginring ar dirctly applicabl to xtnding it with ontology languags. Nxt Stp : Wb and AI communitis xpand this gnric mthod for crating wb-nabld spcial purpos knowldg rprsntation languags. CSCI586 Databas Introprability 19
20 QUESTIONS? CSCI586 Databas Introprability 20
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