First TAU Theory and Praxis Training From CAD to Grid
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1 First TAU Theory and Praxis Training From CAD to Grid S. Melber-Wilkending
2 First TAU Theory and Praxis Training From CAD to Grid or How to use the Centaur-Grid-Generator S. Melber-Wilkending
3 Outline Introduction Demonstration of Centaur: RAE 2822 Airfoil ONERA M6 Wing Generic Wing/Body/Engine Config. Individual CENTAUR User Training
4 Introduction Grid-generators used in the institute: Centaur, GridGen, SOLAR, MegaCads focus on Centaur (hybrid unstructured) Presentation can/should be used as Handbook for first steps with CENTAUR Handbook with complete description of CENTAUR: Login: dlrbs, PWD: alvwal CENTAUR is a complex tool, the best way is Learning by doing Individual user training at the end of this talk Used Software: CENTAUR grid generator Viscalc (boundary layer calculation) Tecplot (visualization) First: Examples of CENTAUR grids build at DLR
5 Examples of CENTAUR grids
6 Examples of CENTAUR grids
7 Examples of CENTAUR grids
8 Examples of CENTAUR grids
9 Examples of CENTAUR grids
10 Examples of CENTAUR grids
11 Examples of CENTAUR grids
12 Examples of CENTAUR grids
13 Examples of CENTAUR grids
14 Examples of CENTAUR grids
15 Examples of CENTAUR grids
16 Examples of CENTAUR grids
17 Examples of CENTAUR grids
18 Examples of CENTAUR grids
19 Examples of CENTAUR grids
20 RAE 2822 transonic airfoil (2D-case)
21 RAE 2822 Airfoil (1) Case: RAE 2822 transonic airfoil (2D-case) Grid: Euler grid Commands: Setupgrid rae.dat Switch to 2d mode? -> Yes Define boundary conditions: Create Group Group Name -> Farfield Type -> Triangles Boundary Condition -> Farfield Select curves 1,2 -> Move All
22 Setupgrid Hotkeys Setupgrid: Selection / Translation / Rotation / Zoom Hotkey r : rotation mode Hotkey t : translation mode Hotkey z : zoom mode Hotkey s : selection mode Hotkey q : query mode Setupgrid input formats: *.dat: native Centaur-format (written e.g. by MegaCads, CadFix) *.igs: common CAD-format (written e.g. by Catia, CadFix )
23 RAE 2822 Airfoil (1) Case: RAE 2822 transonic airfoil (2D-case) Grid: Euler grid Commands: Setupgrid rae.dat Switch to 2d mode? -> Yes Define boundary condition: Create Group Group Name -> Farfield Type -> Triangles Boundary Condition -> Farfield Select curves 1,2 -> Move All Create Group Group Name -> Airfoil Type -> Triangles Boundary Condition -> Inviscid Wall Select curves 3,4 -> Move All
24 RAE 2822 Airfoil (2) Case: RAE 2822 transonic airfoil (2D-case) Grid: Euler grid Commands: Build initial files for grid generation: File -> Write output files -> rae Starting grid generation: makegrid rae Visualize final grid: Hybconvert rae.hyb -> Tecplot Format Binary Tecplot rae.hyb.plt Grid is a bit coarse...!
25 Stages & Inputfiles of Grid Generation Centaur grid generation is running in three stages: 1. Surface grid boundaries of the grid 2. Prism/Hexa grid boundary layer (only for NavierStokes grids) 3. Tetrahedral grid rest of the domain Important Input-files for grid generation: Surface input-file [case].sin: for the control of the surface-grids Prismatic input-file [case].pin: for the control of the prism/hexa-grids Tetrahedra input-file [case].tin: for the control of the tetrahedral-grids User defined sources: Source file [case].lin
26 RAE 2822 Airfoil (3) Case: RAE 2822 transonic airfoil (2D-case) Grid: Euler grid Commands: Global refinement of surface (located in rae.sin-file): Length Scale in absence of any features: 0.01 Global refinement of farfield (located in rae.tin-file): Stretching ratio: 1.8
27 RAE 2822 Airfoil (4) Case: RAE 2822 transonic airfoil (2D-case) Grid: Navier-Stokes grid Commands: Change boundary condition in setupgrid Set Group -> Airfoil Modifiy Group Type -> Quads Boundary Condition -> Viscous Wall Write output files Overwrite existing input files -> Yes Refine Surface and Farfield: sin-file: Length Scale in absence of any features: 0.01 Tin-file: Stretching ratio: 1.8
28 Boundary Layer Resolution (1) Prism/Hexa-grids are controlled by three parameters: Number of layers n Initial marching step y1 Stretching ratio q The final prism-layer thickness sn can be calculated from a geometrical series: sn = y1 * (qn-1) / (n-1) Initial marching step can be determined from y+ = 1 Number of layers is determined by the user Stretching ratio can be Set by the user Calculated from a given prism layer thickness sn
29 Boundary Layer Resolution (2) Calculation of the stretching ratio q: Calculation of the boundary layer thickness using the analogy of an flat plate Assumption: prism layer has (minimum) the same thickness as the boundary layer Program Viscalc: Compile: cc o viscalc viscalc.c -lm Input: Re, Ma, T, y+ Output: n (given q) q (given n)
30 RAE 2822 Airfoil (5) Case: RAE 2822 transonic airfoil (2D-case) Grid: Navier-Stokes grid Commands: Change boundary-layer grid ([case].pin-file) using data calculated with Viscalc final grid Attention: the minimum nominal marching step has to be about 1/10 of the initial marching step! After finalizing a grid: makegrid [case] clean to save disc space
31 ONERA M6 Wing (3D-case)
32 ONERA M6 Wing (1) Case: Simple trapezoid wing (3D-case) Grid: Navier-Stokes grid Commands: Setupgrid M6.dat Create Group -> Farfield (Tetrahedra, Farfield) Select panels & Move All Create Group -> Symmetry (Hybrid, Symmetry) Select panels & Move All Create Group -> Wing (Prism, Viscous Wall) Select panels & Move All Write Output files -> m6
33 ONERA M6 Wing (2) Case: Simple trapezoid wing (3D-case) Grid: Navier-Stokes grid Commands: Calculate prism layer with Viscalc Put data in m6.pin makegrid m6 Visualize final grid: hybconvert m6.hyp Visualize surface grid: hybconvert m6.fvs Grid is to coarse on the nose: Increase Factor for curvature clustering: 40 in m6.sin Re-build surface grid: makegrid m6 surface To much cells in span-wise direction: Build panel-source Anisotropy in Setupgrid Direction of anisotropy: u-direction (full lines) Change of u/v-direction: setupgrid CAD -> Panels -> Swap u/v for selected panels
34 Sources in CENTAUR Sources: To add points to the mesh where extra resolution is needed To control locally features of the grid The sources are created with setupgrid Different types of sources available: Geometric: Point, Line, Quadrilateral, Hexahedron, Sphere, Cylinder, Cone, Frustum CAD: Curve, Panel, Group
35 ONERA M6 Wing (3) Case: Simple trapezoid wing (3D-case) Grid: Navier-Stokes grid Commands: Define a Cylinder-source for surface and tetrahedra above the wing to improve shock resolution: Surface / Tetrahedra 0.01, Radius 0.2 To define a source use of /Tools/Point List/Add highlighted to point list
36 Chopping Generation of different number of prism layers over the geometry e.g. Figure: only one layer of prisms can fit in the cavity, but the full 5 layers can be generated elsewhere
37 Chopping Generation of different number of prism layers over the geometry e.g. Figure: only one layer of prisms can fit in the cavity, but the full 5 layers can be generated elsewhere Advantages: In regions of small cavities, growing full prism layers results in very fine cells reduction the time step in flow solvers The tetrahedra are forced to match the length scales of the final prism layer. A small final layer thickness resulting in very large meshes (small elements) or a crash of the tetrahedra-stage Technique: Iterative reduction of the marching step to minimum allowable marching step If the algorithm requires marching steps smaller than this value, instead of reducing the marching step further, the number of layers are reduced effectively reduce the overall prismatic layer thickness
38 ONERA M6 Wing (4) Case: Simple trapezoid wing (3D-case) Grid: Navier-Stokes grid Commands: Demonstration of chopping: Create a point source with number of prism layers eq. zero Visalize final prims layer (hybconvert m6.fvp) Remember: Outputfiles from Centaur [case].fvs: surface grid [case].fvp: BL-Grid [case].hyb: final grid
39 Generative Wing/Body/Engine Configuration (3D-case)
40 Generative Wing/Body/Engine Configuration (1) Case: Half-Model Wing/Body/Engine Configuration (3D-case) Grid: Navier-Stokes grid Commands: CAD-Cleaning: Setupgrid gen.unclean.igs View By -> Curve: red curves, means problems in CAD data CAD-cleaning: CAD -> Curve -> Merge selected curves Split selected curves Attention: possible change of CAD geometry! Small, unneeded curves can be killed (CAD-fragments) Automatic Diagnostic / Cleaning: CAD -> Run CAD Diagnostics CAD -> Run CAD Cleaning
41 Generative Wing/Body/Engine Configuration (2) Case: Half-Model Wing/Body/Engine Configuration (3D-case) Grid: Navier-Stokes grid Commands: Set Farfield, Symmetrie, Wing, Body,Tail, Engine, Pylon Panels Set prism layer data Generate grid...
42 Generative Wing/Body/Engine Configuration (3) Case: Half-Model Wing/Body/Engine Configuration (3D-case) Grid: Navier-Stokes grid Commands: Convert CENTAUR to TAU-grid: centaur2tau [case.hyb]
43 and now its time to generate your own grids
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