An Approximated Linear Optimal Power Flow Framework for Power System Operation and Planning. WP 2.2: Markets

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1 An Approximated Linear Optimal Power Flow Framework for Power System Operation and Planning WP 2.2: Markets Philipp Fortenbacher

2 Outline Project Overview Linear/ Quadratic Programming Based Optimal Power Flow (LIN-OPF) Conclusion and Outlook Philipp Fortenbacher

3 Outline Project Overview Linear/ Quadratic Programming Based Optimal Power Flow (LIN-OPF) Conclusion and Outlook Philipp Fortenbacher

4 Project Topic Combination of markets From: ENTSOE Project Goals: Secure cooptimization of energy, reserve procurement, capacities Analyse the economic benefit compared to current market structures Philipp Fortenbacher

5 Milestones MS1: Assessment of a centralized and co-optimized Swiss and European market structure MS2: Quantification of the economic potential for benchmark scenarios MS3: Quantitative economic evaluation of the implementation roadmap Philipp Fortenbacher

6 Current Project Status Co-optimization of energy and reserve procurement Nonlinear AC-Optimal Power Flow (OPF) Ramprates introduce intertemporal constraints (multi-period OPF problem) Next MS1 Goals Milestone goal on larger networks Incorporation of storage Extension to Unit Commitment Problem (e.g. generator startup costs) Philipp Fortenbacher

7 Outline Project Overview Linear/ Quadratic Programming Based Optimal Power Flow (LIN-OPF) Conclusion and Outlook Philipp Fortenbacher

8 Optimal Power Flow (OPF) for Power System Operation and Planning OPF can be used to find optimal generator setpoints taking grid constraints into account optimal planning schemes (generation, network, storage, ) Nonlinear multi-period OPF introduces high complexity and cannot consider binary decisions (e.g. startup costs) This requires a tractable OPF formulation considering voltage, and reactive power Semidefinite or second order cone relaxations might still be too complex Need for a linear approximation of the OPF problem in an LP/QP framework Philipp Fortenbacher

9 LIN-OPF Related Work and Contribution Existing work Iterative approaches (Kirschen, Alsac, Olofsson, ) No consideration of network losses (e.g. DC-OPF) Power flow approximation only (Coffrin et al.) Not in the full decision variable domain (e.g. DC-OPF) Contribution Development of Linear/ Quadratic Programming based OPF (LIN- OPF) in the full decision variable domain and losses included Power flow approximation over entire operating area using linear power flow and absolute loss approximations No iterations needed P. Fortenbacher T. Demiray Linear /Quadratic Programming Based Optimal Power Flow using Linear Power Flow and Absolute Loss Approximations To be submitted Philipp Fortenbacher

10 Recasting AC-OPF to LIN-OPF Standard AC-OPF Recast to LIN-OPF in x && f p ( p gen )+ f q ( q gen )@& s.t.&&h(x) 0@&&&g(x)=0. & min x && f p con ( p gen )+ f q con ( q AC power flow equations Linear Power Flow approximation Absolute loss approximation Philipp Fortenbacher

11 Absolute Loss Approximation 2 bus example θ 1 p q v y=g+jb Loss Approximation θ 2 p q v Philipp Fortenbacher

12 LIN-OPF Voltage Magnitude and Angle Errors IEEE118 Testcase Root Mean Square (RMS) Errors Philipp Fortenbacher

13 Optimality and Characteristics Objective value deviation against AC-OPF Approximation not Relaxation No guaruantee for feasible solution in original problem space, but improved (DC-OPF) If solution is not tight, MIP has to be solved Negative LMPs (Negative prices, highly congested systems) Philipp Fortenbacher

14 Outlook Complexity Computation Time for a storage siting problem 800sec 6sec 18 storage devices AC-OPF matpower IP solver LIN-OPF gurobi solver investment horizon (hours) Philipp Fortenbacher

15 Outline Project Overview Linear/ Quadratic Programming Based Optimal Power Flow (LIN-OPF) Conclusion and Outlook Philipp Fortenbacher

16 Conclusion Tractable LP/QP based OPF problem (LIN-OPF) for planning and operation Meshed networks e.g. distribution, transmission and LV grids Optimality, voltage and angle errors are reasonable Complexity reduction with LIN-OPF for multi-period OPF problems Philipp Fortenbacher

17 Next steps within MS1 Journal paper publication Working paper Include LIN-OPF into our reserve allocation framework Extension for tap changing transformers Include storage Unit Commitment problem with generator startup costs (MIP) Extend method to reflect security constraints 2nd year Use framework for larger networks (Swiss and European Grid) Philipp Fortenbacher

18 Thank you for your attention FEN Research Center for Energy Networks Philipp Fortenbacher PhD Postdoctoral Researcher ETH Zürich SOI C1 Sonneggstrasse Zürich Switzerland Phone Fax

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