PRESCRIPTIVE APPROACH. 1. Actual and Allowed LPD 2. Complete Building Method 3. Area Category Method 4. Tailored Method

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Augustus Long
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1 PRESCRIPTIVE APPROACH 1. Actual and Allowed LPD 2. Complete Building Method 3. Area Category Method 4. Tailored Method

2 THE COMPLIANCE PROCESS There are two major steps to Title 24 compliance: 1. Meet all mandatory requirements by installing required controls and devices and ensuring that they have all of the required functionality. 2. Meet all prescriptive or performance requirements by ensuring that the actual lighting power installed in a space is less than the allowed lighting power for that space. 7/31/2014 SLIDE 175 SECTION 9 PRESCRIPTIVE METHOD

3 ACTUAL LIGHTING POWER The actual indoor lighting power of the proposed building area is the total wattage of all planned, permanent and portable lighting systems, adjusted by the following: 1. Reduction of wattage through controls 2. Lighting wattage exclusions 3. Up to 0.3 W/ft 2 of portable lighting for office areas ONLY is excluded 7/31/2014 SLIDE 176 SECTION 9 PRESCRIPTIVE METHOD

ACTUAL LIGHTING POWER: REDUCTION THROUGH CONTROLS If you exceed the mandatory controls requirements by installing a control where it is not required, you are eligible for a Power Adjustment Factor

4 ACTUAL LIGHTING POWER: REDUCTION THROUGH CONTROLS If you exceed the mandatory controls requirements by installing a control where it is not required, you are eligible for a Power Adjustment Factor (PAF). This will result in a lower calculated lighting power use for the installed system. ( Controlled W ) X ( PAF from A ) = Lighting Power Reduction For example, a 480 ft 2 open office plan with an occupancy control is eligible for a PAF of 0.2. Given that the controlled lighting in that space totaled 100W : (100W) X (0.2) = 20W of excluded lighting power (80W total) 7/31/2014 SLIDE 177 SECTION 9 PRESCRIPTIVE METHOD

5 T Power Adjustment Factors 7/31/2014 SLIDE 178 SECTION 5 PRESCRIPTIVE METHOD

ACTUAL LPD: LIGHTING WATTAGE EXCLUDED Wattage of many lighting applications

videoconferencing studio Equipment that is for sale and for demonstration

industrial equipment, refrigerated cases, walk-in freezers, and food

6 ACTUAL LPD: LIGHTING WATTAGE EXCLUDED Wattage of many lighting applications may be excluded, including: Studio lighting for film or photography and for a videoconferencing studio Equipment that is for sale and for demonstration Lighting installed by the manufacturer in vending machines, scientific and industrial equipment, refrigerated cases, walk-in freezers, and food preparation equipment Photo: Jessie Whiteman 7/31/2014 SLIDE 179 SECTION 9 PRESCRIPTIVE METHOD

7 ALLOWED LIGHTING POWER The allowed indoor lighting power for each building or area is calculated using one of the following methods: Complete Building Area Category Tailored Method Each of these methods involves multiplying the square footage of a space by the allowed wattage per square foot for that space. 7/31/2014 SLIDE 180 SECTION 9 PRESCRIPTIVE METHOD

8 COMPLETE BUILDING METHOD

9 COMPLETE BUILDING METHOD The Complete Building Method may only be used on projects involving entire buildings with one primary type of use or in mixed-use buildings or tenant spaces where 90% of the spaces have one primary use. This is the simplest way to comply with the Standards, and many will attempt this method first before trying one of the two more complex methods. (TABLE B ) X (floor area of entire building ) = Allowed Lighting Power 7/31/2014 SLIDE 182 SECTION 9 PRESCRIPTIVE METHOD

10 CHANGES TO B TYPE OF BUILDING ALLOWED LIGHTING POWER DENSITY (WATTS PER SQUARE FOOT) Office Building /31/2014 SLIDE 183 SECTION 5 PRESCRIPTIVE METHOD

11 COMPLETE BUILDING METHOD EXAMPLE A 3,000 ft 2 office building uses a total of 2,500W of lighting, 500W of which is portable lighting on desks. More than 90% of the building is used for office space. Does this space comply using the Complete Building Method? Step 1: 0.3 W/ft 2 of portable lighting for office areas is excluded. 0.3W x 3,000 ft 2 = up to 900W excluded (all 500W in our case) Adjusted actual installed lighting = 2,500W 500W = 2,000W 7/31/2014 SLIDE 184 SECTION 9 PRESCRIPTIVE METHOD

12 COMPLETE BUILDING METHOD EXAMPLE A 3,000 ft 2 office building uses a total of 2,500W of lighting, 500W of which is portable lighting on desks. More than 90% of the building is used for office space. Does this space comply using the Complete Building Method? Step 2: Determine allowed lighting using Table B Offices = 0.8W/ft 2 allowed 3,000ft 2 x 0.8W/ft 2 = 2,400W allowed 7/31/2014 SLIDE 185 SECTION 9 PRESCRIPTIVE METHOD

13 COMPLETE BUILDING METHOD EXAMPLE A 3,000 ft 2 office building uses a total of 2,500W of lighting, 500W of which is portable lighting on desks. More than 90% of the building is used for office space. Does this space comply using the Complete Building Method? Step 3: Does it comply? 2,400W allowed 2,000W installed after adjustments YES! This space is compliant! 7/31/2014 SLIDE 186 SECTION 9 PRESCRIPTIVE METHOD

14 FORMS FOR COMPLETE BUILDING METHOD CEC-NRCC-LTI-01-E 7/31/2014 SLIDE 187 SECTION 5 PRESCRIPTIVE METHOD

15 FORMS FOR COMPLETE BUILDING METHOD CEC-NRCC-LTI-03-E 7/31/2014 SLIDE 188 SECTION 5 PRESCRIPTIVE METHOD

16 FORMS FOR PORTABLE LIGHTING IN OFFICES NRCC-LTI-01-E 7/31/2014 SLIDE 189 SECTION 5 PRESCRIPTIVE METHOD

17 AREA CATEGORY METHOD

18 AREA CATEGORY METHOD The total allowed lighting power for the building is the sum of all allowed lighting power calculations for all areas in the building. An area is defined as all adjacent spaces which are associated with a single function type, as listed in Table C. (Allowed W/ft 2 per Table C ) X (ft 2 of the area) = Allowed Lighting Power for that area 7/31/2014 SLIDE 191 SECTION 9 PRESCRIPTIVE METHOD

19 CHANGES TO C PRIMARY FUNCTION AREA ALLOWED LIGHTING POWER (W/ft 2 ) Office Area > 250 ft Office Area 250 ft /31/2014 SLIDE 192 SECTION 5 PRESCRIPTIVE METHOD

20 SLIDE 193 AREA CATEGORY METHOD EXAMPLE

21 LIGHTING SCHEDULE Luminaire Source Type Product Example Installed Power Quantity Classroom 1x8 linear pendant Linear Fluorescent T8 Finelite series 12-ID 59W 6 Corridor Recessed downlight Integral LED Cree CR6 12W 13 Conference Room Recessed downlight Integral LED Cree CR6 12W 4 1x8 linear pendant Linear Fluorescent T8 Finelite series 12-ID 59W 1 Controls: 1. Both the conference room and classroom have manual dimmer switches 2. Corridors are controlled with occupancy sensors that dim to 40% when vacant 3. Linear pendants are equipped with integral occupancy sensors that shut lights off completely when the area is vacant and allow partial-on control 7/31/2014 SLIDE 194 SECTION 5 PRESCRIPTIVE METHOD

22 Conference Room 265 ft 2 Classroom 643 ft 2 Corridors 512 ft 2 SLIDE 195

23 CONFERENCE ROOM Step 1: Step 2: Step 3: Step 4: Calculate actual installed power (watts) Adjust actual power using Power Adjustment Factors Calculate allowed power (watts) Determine compliance (actual < allowed) Photo: Cree, Inc. 7/31/2014 SLIDE 196 SECTION 9 PRESCRIPTIVE METHOD

24 CONFERENCE ROOM Step 1: Step 2: Step 3: Step 4: Calculate actual installed power 107W Adjust actual wattage using Power Adjustment Factors Calculate allowed power Determine compliance (actual < allowed) 4x Recessed Downlight 4 x 12W = 48W 1x Linear Pendant 1 x 59W = 59W TOTAL 107W 7/31/2014 SLIDE 197 SECTION 9 PRESCRIPTIVE METHOD

25 CONFERENCE ROOM Step 1: Step 2: Step 3: Calculate actual installed power Apply Power Adjustment Factors Calculate allowed wattage 107W 95W Step 4: Determine compliance (actual < allowed) Are the installed controls all mandatory? Do any exceed the standards? The linear pendant in the conference room has integral occupancy controls with partial-on capability that are not required by the code, making it eligible for a Power Adjustment Factor of 0.2 from Table A. We can therefore adjust the installed wattage: 59W x 0.2 PAF = 12W 107W - 12W = 95W after adjustment 7/31/2014 SLIDE 198 SECTION 9 PRESCRIPTIVE METHOD

26 CONFERENCE ROOM Step 1: Step 2: Step 3: Step 4: Calculate actual installed power Apply Power Adjustment Factors Calculate allowed power 371W Determine compliance (actual < allowed) 107W 95W Allowed lighting power is determined by multiplying the square footage of the space by the allowed watts per square foot in Table C. Allowed Wattage = ft 2 of the space x allowed W/ft 2 in Table C 265 ft 2 x 1.4W/ft 2 = 371 W allowed 7/31/2014 SLIDE 199 SECTION 9 PRESCRIPTIVE METHOD

27 CONFERENCE ROOM Step 1: Step 2: Step 3: Step 4: Calculate actual installed wattage Apply Power Adjustment Factors Calculate allowed wattage 107W 95W 371W Determine compliance (actual < allowed) Does the space comply? Is our adjusted installed wattage less than the allowed wattage? Yes! We have 95W installed and are allowed 371W. This portion of the floor plan is compliant with Title 24. 7/31/2014 SLIDE 200 SECTION 9 PRESCRIPTIVE METHOD

28 CLASSROOM Actual installed: PAF Adjustment: Adjusted Installed: Allowed: 59W linear pendants x 6 = 354W 0.2 (partial-on occupancy control) 283W 643 ft 2 x 1.2W per ft 2 = 772W Does it comply? Yes! We have 283W installed and are allowed up to 772W. 7/31/2014 SLIDE 201 SECTION 9 PRESCRIPTIVE METHOD

29 CORRIDORS Actual installed: PAF Adjustment: Adjusted Installed: Allowed: 12W recessed downlight x 13 = 156W None 156W 512 ft 2 x 0.6W per ft 2 = 307W Does it comply? Yes! We have 156W installed and are allowed 307W. 7/31/2014 SLIDE 202 SECTION 9 PRESCRIPTIVE METHOD

BRINGING IT ALL TOGETHER Conference Room:

30 BRINGING IT ALL TOGETHER Conference Room: Classroom: Corridors: TOTAL: 95W / 371W 283W / 772W 156W / 307W 518W / 1450W Our space complies and is well below the maximum allowed power. Photo: Cree, Inc. Photo: Acuity Brands Photo: Cree, Inc.v 7/31/2014 SLIDE 203 SECTION 9 PRESCRIPTIVE METHOD

31 WHAT IF IT DIDN T COMPLY? Let s assume that our space used less efficacious products instead of the LEDs. In this case, it is possible that our space would not comply. What happens if 1. The conference room was over its power allowance, but the other spaces were under? OR 2. All of the spaces are over their allowed lighting power limits? 7/31/2014 SLIDE 204 SECTION 9 PRESCRIPTIVE METHOD

32 FORMS FOR AREA CATEGORY METHOD CEC-NRCC-LTI-01-E 7/31/2014 SLIDE 205 SECTION 5 PRESCRIPTIVE METHOD

33 FORMS FOR AREA CATEGORY METHOD CEC-NRCC-LTI-03-E 7/31/2014 SLIDE 206 SECTION 5 PRESCRIPTIVE METHOD

34 FORMS FOR AREA CATEGORY METHOD CEC-NRCC-LTI-03-E 7/31/2014 SLIDE 207 SECTION 5 PRESCRIPTIVE METHOD

35 FORMS FOR MANDATORY CONTROLS REQUIREMENTS CEC-NRCC-LTI-02-E 7/31/2014 SLIDE 208 SECTION 5 PRESCRIPTIVE METHOD

36 FORMS FOR MANDATORY CONTROLS REQUIREMENTS CEC-NRCI-LTI-05-H 7/31/2014 SLIDE 209 SECTION 5 PRESCRIPTIVE METHOD

37 TAILORED METHOD

38 TAILORED METHOD Allowances for each area (just like area category) Allowances for display and task lighting within an area Allowed lighting power is determined by the space s occupancy type and physical characteristics (e.g., ceiling height). See Table D for details. 7/31/2014 SLIDE 211 SECTION 9 PRESCRIPTIVE METHOD

39 CHANGES TO D General Illumination Allowed Allowed Primary Function Area Level (Lux) Wall Display Combined Ornamental Financial Transaction Area Malls and Atria Retail Merchandise Sales, and Showroom Areas /31/2014 SLIDE 212 SECTION 5 PRESCRIPTIVE METHOD

40 ALLOWANCES UNDER THE TAILORED METHOD The Tailored Method adds additional lighting power allowances for: Wall displays Floor displays Task lighting Ornamental/special effects lighting Very valuable display cases These lighting power allowances cannot be used in any space other than the display or task area. Any wattage not covered by these allowances must be deducted from the general lighting allowance for that area. 7/31/2014 SLIDE 213 SECTION 9 PRESCRIPTIVE METHOD

41 EXTERIOR SPACES EXTERIOR SPACES Photo: Cree SECTION 9 Photo: Cree, Inc.

42 LIGHTING ZONES Lighting Zone 1: Government parks, recreation areas and wildlife preserves Ambient Illumination: Dark The local entity with authority over the property will know if the property is a government designated park, recreation area or wildlife preserve. If the park is within a rural or urban area, it might have a higher lighting zone classification. Lighting Zone 2: Rural Areas Ambient Illumination: Low Rural areas are populated with fewer than 2,500 people. 7/31/2014 SLIDE 215 SECTION 9 PRESCRIPTIVE METHOD

43 LIGHTING ZONES Lighting Zone 3: Urban Areas Ambient Illumination: Medium An urban area is a densely settled core of a census tract that contains at least 2,500 people. Lighting Zone 4: Special Use District Ambient Illumination: High LZ4 designation is only granted when the California Energy Commission approves a local government s application. LZ4 is used for special area types that require exceptionally high light levels. 7/31/2014 SLIDE 216 SECTION 9 PRESCRIPTIVE METHOD

44 LIGHTING POWER ALLOWANCES The allowed lighting power for a space is determined by measuring the area of the installation and multiplying this number by the lighting power allowance for that space. The actual lighting power is equal to the total watts of all nonexempt lighting systems (including ballast, driver, transformer). 7/31/2014 SLIDE 217 SECTION 9 PRESCRIPTIVE METHOD

45 LIGHTING POWER ALLOWANCES When determining allowed lighting power, the number of luminaires, their mounting heights, and their layout affect the size of the illuminated area and thus the allowed lighting power for a space. The illuminated area is any hardscape area within a square around each luminaire or pole, less any obstructions. The size of this square is 10 times the luminaire mounting height, with the luminaire in the middle of the square. 7/31/2014 SLIDE 218 SECTION 9 PRESCRIPTIVE METHOD

46 CALCULATING THE ILLUMINATED AREA For a pole with a 20 ft mounting height, our illuminated area would be 200 sq. ft. 20 ft pole at the center of illuminated area 7/31/2014 SLIDE 219 SECTION 5 PRESCRIPTIVE METHOD

47 LIGHTING POWER ALLOWANCES Three major areas are considered when determining the allowed lighting power for a space: Area Wattage Allowances (AWA) Determined for the total illuminated hardscape area. Linear Wattage Allowances (LWA) Determined for the total perimeter length of the hardscape, not including areas that are not illuminated. Initial Wattage Allowances (IWA) This may be used once per project site to provide additional wattage for small sites or unusual hardscape geometries. 7/31/2014 SLIDE 220 SECTION 9 PRESCRIPTIVE METHOD

48 LIGHTING POWER ALLOWANCES 7/31/2014 SLIDE 221 SECTION 9 PRESCRIPTIVE METHOD

PLANTERS AND LANDSCAPE AREAS Planters and small landscape areas are included within the general hardscape area as long as the width or length of the inclusion is less than 10 ft, and the inclusion is

49 PLANTERS AND LANDSCAPE AREAS Planters and small landscape areas are included within the general hardscape area as long as the width or length of the inclusion is less than 10 ft, and the inclusion is bordered on at least three sides. Landscape areas over 10 ft in both width and length are excluded from the general hardscape area calculation, but the perimeter of these exclusions may be included in the linear wattage allowance (LWA) calculation. Photo Credit: Cree 7/31/2014 SLIDE 222 SECTION 9 PRESCRIPTIVE METHOD

51 STEP 1: DETERMINE THE ILLUMINATED AREA The illuminated area is 10x the mounting height of the pole. Our two poles are both mounted at a height of 25 ft, so the illuminated area for each pole is 10 x 25, or 250 ft x 250 ft. The corner planters are excluded from the illuminated area because they are longer than 10 ft in both width and length. The center island is included because, at 5 ft wide, it falls under the 10 ft requirement. 7/31/2014 SLIDE 224 SECTION 9 PRESCRIPTIVE METHOD

52 STEP 2: CALCULATE THE AREA AND PERIMETER The total included hardscape area is: Entire Square: (100 x 100) = 10,000 ft 2 - Corner Cutouts: 4 x (20 x 20) = - 1,600 ft 2 + Entryway: (15 x 10) = ft 2 TOTAL = 8,550 ft 2 The total perimeter area is: 3 Long Sides = 3 x 60 = 180 ft 8 Cutout Sides = 8 x 20 = 160 ft 1 Short Side = 1 x 45 = 45 ft 2 Entry Sides = 2 x 10 = 20 ft TOTAL = 405 ft 7/31/2014 SLIDE 225 SECTION 9 PRESCRIPTIVE METHOD

53 STEP 3: CALCULATE ALLOWANCES Using Table A we can determine the Initial, Area and Perimeter Power Allowances for the area. ALLOWANCE TYPE POWER ALLOWANCE SPACE SIZE AREA POWER ALLOWANCE Initial 770W 770W Area 0.09 W/ft 2 8,550 ft 2 770W Perimeter 0.60 W/ft ft 243W 7/31/2014 SLIDE 226 SECTION 9 PRESCRIPTIVE METHOD

54 EXTERIOR EXERCISE: STEP 4 DOES IT COMPLY? Assuming each of the two poles in our hardscape area uses 300W of lighting power, does the lighting in this space comply? Initial: Area: Perimeter: 770W 770W 243W TOTAL: 1,783W Yes, the lighting in this area complies. The area is allowed 1,783W of lighting power and only uses 600W. 7/31/2014 SLIDE 227 SECTION 9 PRESCRIPTIVE METHOD

PRESCRIPTIVE APPROACH. 1. Actual and Allowed LPD 2. Complete Building Method 3. Area Category Method 4. Tailored Method

PRESCRIPTIVE APPROACH. 1. Actual and Allowed LPD 2. Complete Building Method 3. Area Category Method 4. Tailored Method PRESCRIPTIVE APPROACH 1. Actual and Allowed LPD 2. Complete Building Method 3. Area Category Method 4. Tailored Method THE COMPLIANCE PROCESS There are two major steps to Title 24 compliance: 1. Meet all