About Computer Graphics

Transcription

1 COMPUTER GRAPHICS

2 Graphics: Graphics are visual presentations on some surface such as wall, canvas, paper to inform or entertain. Examples are photographs, drwaing, graphs and symbols etc. Computer Graphics: Computer Graphics are graphics created by computers and more generally the representation and manipulation of pictorial data by computer

3 About Computer Graphics The development of computer graphics, or simply referred to as CG, has made computers easier to interact with, and better for understanding and interpreting many types of data. Developments in computer graphics have had a profound impact on many types of media and have revolutionized the animation and video game industry. Today, computers and computer-generated images touch many aspects of our daily life. Computer imagery is found on television, in newspapers, for example in their weather reports, or in all kinds of medical investigation and surgical procedures.

4 Types of computer graphics Passive Computer Graphics Interactive computer graphics

5 Difference b/w Active and passive graphics Passive Control No Control Active Control Dynamic nature Communication One Way Communication Communication 2-Way Communication

6 History The phrase Computer Graphics was coined in 1960 by William Fetter, a graphic designer for Boeing. Further advances in computing led to greater advancements in interactive computer graphics. In 1959, the TX-2 computer was developed at MIT's Lincoln Laboratory. The TX-2 integrated a number of new man-machine interfaces. A light pen could be used to draw sketches on the computer using Ivan Sutherland's revolutionary Sketchpad software. The development of Sketchpad made Ivan Sutherland the "grandfather" of interactive computer graphics and graphical user interfaces.

7 Major corporations soon became interested in the technology. IBM quickly responded "by releasing the IBM 2250 graphics terminal, the first commercially available graphics computer". 3D graphics became more popular in the 1990s in gaming, multimedia and animation. In 1996, Quake, one of the first fully 3D games, was released. In 1995, Toy Story, the first full-length computergenerated animation film, was released in cinemas worldwide.

8 Concepts Image An image or picture is an artifact that resembles a physical object or person. A digital image is a representation of image in binary format as a sequence of ones and zeros.

9 Pixel In the enlarged portion of the image individual pixels are rendered as squares or dots and can be easily seen.

10 Computer generated images can be categorized into several different types: 2D, 3D, and animated graphics 2D computer Graphics 3D computer Graphics Animated Graphics

11 2D computer graphics: 2D computer graphics are the computer-based generation of digital images. Still images are generated in two ways: bitmaps (or raster-based) vector-drawn

12 Generating still images: Bitmap Bitmap - On a black-and-white system with one bit per pixei, the frame buffer is commonly called a Bitmap

13 Generating still images: Vector-Drawn Vector-drawn - created from geometric objects such as lines, rectangles, ovals, polygons using mathematical formulas e.g., RECT 0,0,200,300,RED,BLUE says Draw a rectangle starting at 0,0 (upper left corner of screen) going 200 pixels horizontally right and 300 pixels downward, with a RED boundary and filled with BLUE.

14 Generating still images: Vector 200 pixel 300 pixel

15 A cow modeled as a mesh of triangles and squares.

16 3D Graphics 3D graphic images are those that are developed using high end 3d s/w packages or platforms for specific purposes of the project. Developing one 3d graphic image involves lot of time as well as specialized expertise.

17 Computer animation An example of Computer animation produced using Motion capture Computer animation is the art of creating moving images via the use of computers. It is a subfield of computer graphics.

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19 CONCLUSION: Computer imagery has applications for film special effects, simulation and training, games, medical imagery, flying logos, etc. Thus, the term computer graphics has been used in a broad sense to describe "almost everything on computers that is not text or sound.