Groovy Programming Language. Duration : 5 days. Groovy Getting Started. Groovy Big Picture. Groovy Language Spec. Syntax.

Transcription

1 Grvy Prgramming Language Duratin : 5 days Grvy Getting Started Dwnlad Grvy Setting up Grvy Installing Grvy grvyc the Grvy cmpiler grvysh the Grvy cmmand -like shell grvycnsle the Grvy Swing cnsle IDE integratin Grvy Big Picture What is Grvy Grvy vs Java Features Why Grvy? Grvy language fundamentals Variables and Types Static and dynamic typing HellWrld Grvy Prgram Cmpiling using grvy cmpiler Running Grvy Prgram Grvy Language Spec Syntax Cmments Single line cmment Multiline cmment GrvyDc cmment Shebang line Keywrds Identifiers Nrmal identifiers Quted identifiers Strings Single quted string String cncatenatin

2 Triple single quted string Escaping special characters Unicde escape sequence Duble quted string String interplatin Special case f interplating clsure expressins Interperability with Java GString and String hashcdes Triple duble quted string Slashy string Dllar slashy string String summary table Characters Numbers Integral literals Alternative nn-base 10 representatins Binary literal Octal literal Hexadecimal literal Decimal literals Underscre in literals Bleans Lists Arrays Maps Number type suffixes Math peratins The case f the divisin peratr The case f the pwer peratr Operatrs Arithmetic peratrs Nrmal arithmetic peratrs Unary peratrs Assignment arithmetic peratrs Relatinal peratrs Lgical peratrs Precedence Shrt-circuiting Bitwise peratrs Cnditinal peratrs Nt peratr Ternary peratr Elvis peratr Object peratrs

3 Safe navigatin peratr Direct field access peratr Methd pinter peratr Regular expressin peratrs Pattern peratr Find peratr Match peratr Other peratrs Spread peratr Spreading methd arguments Spread list elements Spread map elements Range peratr Spaceship peratr Subscript peratr Membership peratr Identity peratr Cercin peratr Diamnd peratr Call peratr Operatr precedence Operatr verlading Prgram Structure Package names Imprts Default imprts Simple imprt Star imprt Static imprt Static imprt aliasing Static star imprt Imprt aliasing Scripts versus classes public static vid main vs script Script class Methds Variables Object Orient natin and Implementatin in Grvy Types Primitive types Class

4 Nrmal class Inner class Annymus inner class Abstract class Interface Cnstructrs Psitinal argument cnstructr Named argument cnstructr Methds Methd definitin Named arguments Default arguments Varargs Methd selectin algrithm Exceptin declaratin Fields and prperties Fields Prperties Anntatin Anntatin definitin Anntatin placement Anntatin member values Retentin plicy Clsure anntatin parameters Meta-anntatins Declaring meta-anntatins Behavir f meta-anntatins Meta-anntatin parameters Custm anntatin prcessrs Inheritance Generics Traits Methds Public methds Abstract methds Private methds The meaning f this Interfaces Prperties Fields

5 Private fields Public fields Cmpsitin f behavirs Overriding default methds Extending traits Simple inheritance Multiple inheritance Duck typing and traits Dynamic cde Dynamic methds in a trait Multiple inheritance cnflicts Default cnflict reslutin User cnflict reslutin Runtime implementatin f traits Implementing a trait at runtime Implementing multiple traits at nce Chaining behavir Semantics f super inside a trait Advanced features SAM type cercin Differences with Java 8 default methds Differences with mixins Static methds, prperties and fields Inheritance f state gtchas Self types Type cnstraints n traits anntatin Limitatins Cmpatibility with AST transfrmatins Prefix and pstfix peratins Clsures Syntax Defining a clsure Clsures as an bject Calling a clsure Parameters Nrmal parameters Implicit parameter Varargs

6 Delegatin strategy Grvy clsures vs lambda expressins Owner, delegate and this The meaning f this Owner f a clsure Delegate f a clsure Delegatin strategy Clsures in GStrings Clsure cercin Functinal prgramming Currying Left currying Right currying Index based currying Memizatin Cmpsitin Trampline Methd pinters Semantics Statements Variable definitin Variable assignment Multiple assignment Overflw and Underflw Object destructuring with multiple assignment Cntrl structures Cnditinal structures if / else switch / case Lping structures Classic fr lp fr in lp while lp Exceptin handling try / catch / finally Multi-catch Pwer assertin Labeled statements Expressins

7 GPath expressins Object navigatin Expressin Decnstructin GPath fr XML navigatin Prmtin and cercin Number prmtin Clsure t type cercin Assigning a clsure t a SAM type Calling a methd accepting a SAM type with a clsure Clsure t arbitrary type cercin Map t type cercin String t enum cercin Custm type cercin Class literals vs variables and the as peratr Optinality Optinal parentheses Optinal semiclns Optinal return keywrd Optinal public keywrd The Grvy Truth Blean expressins Cllectins and Arrays Matchers Iteratrs and Enumeratins Maps Strings Numbers Object References Custmizing the truth with asblean() methds Typing Optinal typing Static type checking anntatin Activating type checking at cmpile time Skipping sectins Type checking assignments List and map cnstructrs Methd reslutin Type inference Principles

8 Variables vs fields in type inference Cllectin literal type inference Least upper bund instancef inference Flw typing Advanced type inference Clsures and type inference Return type inference Parameter type inference Explicit clsure parameters Parameters inferred frm single-abstract methd types Static cmpilatin Dynamic vs static anntatin Key benefits Type checking extensins Writing a type checking extensin Twards a smarter type checker The extensins attribute A DSL fr type checking Type checking extensins API AST Events Wrking with extensins Supprt classes Class ndes Helping the type checker Thrwing an errr isxxxexpressin Virtual methds Scping Other useful methds Advanced type checking extensins Precmpiled type checking extensins in a type checking extensin Sharing r packaging type checking extensins Glbal type checking extensins

9 Type checking extensins Mixed mde cmpilatin Transfrming the AST in an extensin Runtime and cmpile-time metaprgramming Runtime metaprgramming Cmpile-time metaprgramming The Grape dependency manager Unit Testing in Grvy DSL-Dmain Specific languages Cmmand Chains Operatr Overlading Script base classes Adding Prperties t Cmpilatin custmizers Custm type checking extensins Builders Exceptin handling try / catch / finally Multi-catch Pwer assertin Labeled statements Expressins GPath expressins Object navigatin Expressin Decnstructin GPath fr XML navigatin Prmtin and cercin Number prmtin Clsure t type cercin Assigning a clsure t a SAM type Calling a methd accepting a SAM type with a clsure