Ericsson's 5G network research. Zoltán Turányi 5G Expert Ericsson Research, Hungary

Transcription

1 Ericsson's 5G network research Zoltán Turányi 5G Expert Ericsson Research, Hungary

2 Demand 2020 Devices & Consumers Applications & Industry Service Providers Network Ericsson's 5G network research Ericsson AB 2016 April 2016 Page 2

3 Industry transformation Traditional Industries Ericsson's 5G network research Ericsson AB 2016 April 2016 Page 3 Digitalize & Mobilize Transformed Industries

4 SENSORS EVERYWHERE BROADBAND AND MEDIA EVERYWHERE 5g USE CASES SMART VEHICLES, TRANSPORT Infrastructure, monitor and control CRITICAL CONTROL OF REMOTE DEVICES INTERACTION HUMAN-IOT Ericsson's 5G network research Ericsson AB 2016 April 2016 Page 4

5 Evolution Towards x Mobile Data Volumes 10x-100x Connected Devices 5x Lower Latency 10x-100x End-user Data Rates 2G 3G 4G 5G Ericsson's 5G network research Ericsson AB 2016 April 2016 Page 5 10 years Battery Life for Low Power Devices Source: METIS, Ericsson AB

6 5G requirements 3GPP requirements expected in end-2016 IMT-2020 requirements expected finalized in mid-2017 Ericsson's 5G network research Ericsson AB 2016 April 2016 Page 6

7 EηiΨθθδγȮθšźgšΦεεηδΦΨh 5G as a Global Standard Industry Collaborations System view on 5G LTE + new 5G radio Ericsson's 5G network research Ericsson AB 2016 April 2016 Page 7 Standards, Open Source & industry alliances Academia and Research Institutes

8 5G radio concept

9 5G Radio Access ~2020 LTE Evolution Tight interworking NX No compatibility constraints Gradual migration Existing spectrum 1 GHz 3 GHz 10 GHz 30 GHz Below 6 GHz Ericsson's 5G network research Ericsson AB 2016 April 2016 Page 9 New spectrum 100 GHz 1 GHz 3 GHz 10 GHz 30 GHz Above 6 GHz New spectrum below 6 GHz 100 GHz

10 NX ȫ Key technology features many also apply to LTE evolution Flexible, scalable and future-proof design Ultra-lean design Spectrum Energy efficient: minimize network transmissions not directly related to user data delivery Deployment Use cases Flexible and scalable system plane Massive beam-forming Multi-site coordination/connectivity System control Machine-type Access/backhaul integration communication User data Flexible PHY Ericsson's 5G network research Ericsson AB 2016 April 2016 Page 10 Integrated D2D connectivity

11 Ultra-lean design Minimize network transmissions not directly related to user-data delivery Today Reference signals Broadcast system information... Higher achievable data rates Enhanced network energy performance Future-proof design Ericsson's 5G network research Ericsson AB 2016 April 2016 Page 11 Ultra-lean No always-on refeference signals Minimum amount of always-broadcast system information...

12 NX PHY Design High degree of symmetry Access schemes Low-power base stations similar to devices Integrated D2D and radio based backhaul Time-domain structure Waveform Physical mapping enabling fast detection/decoding Self-contained subframes Avoid strict timing relations between subframes OFDM with flexible numerology One short subframe (~100 of µs) Example: TDD RS DL ctrl DL data GP UL ctrl ACK/NAK, CSI, Ericsson's 5G network research Ericsson AB 2016 April 2016 Page 12 OFDM Mixed numerology

13 Beamformed transmission To enable the capacity, data rate, and coverage needed in the 5G era For both high and low frequencies For both NX and LTE Beam-centric NX design Self-contained data transmissions Beam mobility mobility between beams rather than nodes System plane matched to beam-formed user plane Ericsson's 5G network research Ericsson AB 2016 April 2016 Page 13

14 Access/backhaul integration Access/Backhaul integration Same technology for access and backhaul Joint spectrum pool for access and backhaul More efficient utilization of available spectrum Reduced operation and maintenance effort Ericsson's 5G network research Ericsson AB 2016 April 2016 Page 14

15 Device-to-device Connectivity Device-to-device connectivity as a further step of extreme densification An integrated part of the overall radio-access network Under network control When beneficial from an efficiency or service-level point-of-view Ericsson's 5G network research Ericsson AB 2016 April 2016 Page 15

16 high frequency characteristics Propagation Diffraction Outdoor-to-indoor penetration Rain/atmospheric attenuation Body loss (Less of an issue for small cells) Regulation Tx power limitations above 6 GHz Ericsson's 5G network research Ericsson AB 2016 April 2016 Page 16 Implementation Efficiency, dynamic range, output power, antenna element size,

17 15GHz Ericsson's 5G network research Ericsson AB 2016 April 2016 Page 17 2GHz

18 NX/LTE interworking Data rate High frequency, larger BW Low frequency, smaller BW Example of possible RAT selection New 5G RAT LTE Terminal position Combining low and high frequencies essential for end user experience Tight interworking between LTE and NX is key to great end user experience Ericsson's 5G network research Ericsson AB 2016 April 2016 Page 18

19 NX/LTE Interworking Leverage LTE deployments when deploying NX on the higher frequency ranges ȫ Coverage and performance reasons Support co-sited and non-co-sited deployments Co-deployed NX LTE Site Control-plane diversity Different sites LTE NX Site 1 Site 2 User-plane aggregation or fast switching Supported using dual connectivity solutions ȫ excellent mobility support using control-plane diversity ȫ high user-plane throughput using user-plane aggregation or fast switching (depending on the scenario) Ericsson's 5G network research Ericsson AB 2016 April 2016 Page 19 LTE NX LTE NX

20 Wide Range of Requirements Massive MTC SMART BUILDING SMART METER LOGISTICS, TRACKING AND FLEET MANAGEMENT SMART AGRICULTURE CAPILLARY NETWORKS LOW COST, LOW ENERGY SMALL DATA VOLUMES MASSIVE NUMBERS Ericsson's 5G network research Ericsson AB 2016 April 2016 Page 20 Critical MTC REMOTE HEALTH CARE TRAFFIC SAFETY & CONTROL INDUSTRIAL APPLICATION & CONTROL REMOTE MANUFACTURING, TRAINING, SURGERY ULTRA RELIABLE VERY LOW LATENCY VERY HIGH AVAILABILITY

21 Solutions for Cellular IoT Global solution for Cellular IoT Supported on legacy GSM equipment Leverage existing module eco-system GSM network efficiency No GSM unique HW GSM-EC GSM automation Scalable ultra low-end Cellular IoT solution Ultra-low bit rates & extreme coverage Native narrowband LTE solution NB-IoT Part of LTE evolution to 5G Broadest range of Cellular IoT capabilities LTE CAT-M Ericsson's 5G network research Ericsson AB 2016 April 2016 Page 21 Wide range of bit rates enabling advanced applications Efficient co-existence with MBB traffic OPERATE AS ONE NETWORK

22 Performance diversification on the road to 5g 1 GBPS 600 MBPS 450 MBPS 300 MBPS 150 MBPS LTE Cat 1 Power Saving Mode (GSM & LTE) LTE Cat 0 & HD-FDD Extended DRX (GSM & LTE) Extended Coverage (GSM & LTE) LTE Cat-M NB-IoT (200kHz Narrowband) Reduced Device Cost Improved Coverage Ericsson's 5G network research Ericsson AB 2016 April 2016 Page 22 5G for connected industries Ericsson Internal Ericsson AB Improved Battery Life

23 Device Energy Efficiency Example: LTE Rel-12 power-saving mode ȫ UE performs periodic tracking area update (TAU) after which it stays reachable for paging during a configurable time ȫ Otherwise the UE stays in a power-off like mode, not reachable, but still registered UL data inter-arrival time Reachability (TAU cycle) 15 min 1 hour 3 hour 15 min 9.2 years 10.0 years 10.2 years 1 hour 9.2 years 16.1 years 16.7 years 3 hour 9.2 years 16.1 years 19.4 years Cell edge, 64/84 kb/s UL/DL, 2xAA with 4% self-discharge Ericsson's 5G network research Ericsson AB 2016 April 2016 Page 23 (Rel-8 LTE can achieve 1.1 years with max DRX cycle 2.56 s)

24 Cost of Guaranteeing high Reliability Rayleigh fading channel CDF High reliability (e.g ) db fading margin db 10 Ericsson's 5G network research Ericsson AB 2016 April 2016 Page Fading Gain (db) 0

25 Redundancy through diversity Rayleigh fading channel 0 Diversity may be obtained through Div Order = 1 Div Order = 2 Div Order = 4 Div Order = 8 Div Order = 16 CDF ȫ spatial diversity, and ȫ frequency diversity Time diversity difficult due to latency constraint Coding needed to fully exploit frequency and transmit diversity db 90 db Fading Gain (db) Diversity is key for ultra-reliable communications Ericsson's 5G network research Ericsson AB 2016 April 2016 Page 25 0

26 Network architecture

27 5G ready Core Network components Management & Orchestration, Analytics & Exposure Virtualization VNF Software Defined Networking (SDN) VNF Ericsson's 5G network research Ericsson AB 2016 April 2016 Page 27 Distributed Cloud Network Slicing

28 Evolution of the converged network Devices/IoT Access/Mobility Service Provider Core Service Provider IT Cloud Management & Control Access Applications Mobile Fixed Cloud Infrastructure Transport Ericsson's 5G network research Ericsson AB 2016 April 2016 Page 28 Enterprise IT/Cloud

29 Network Slicing 1000X 5X Mobile Data Volumes Lower Latency Battery Life 10X X X End-user Data Rates Connected A common network platform with dynamic and secure Network Slices Ericsson's 5G network research Ericsson AB 2016 April 2016 Page 29

30 Fronthaul network slicing OSS HSS PCRF MME MME PCRF OSS HSS enb SGW/ PGW Antenna Location Radio-base Station Site Fronthaul SGW/ PGW Mission Critical MTC Backhaul OSS HSS Aggregation Access Aggregation Local Switching Primary Backhaul PCRF OSS HSS enb MME enb PDN GW MBB PDN GW Access Local Switching MME PCRF Antenna Location Radio-base Station Site Fronthaul SGW SGW OSS HSS Aggregation Aggregation Primary Backhaul OSS HSS enb MME SGW/ PGW Ericsson's 5G network research Ericsson AB 2016 April 2016 Page 30 Massive MTC MME SGW/ PGW Antenna Location Radio-base Station Site Aggregation Access Aggregation Local Switching Primary

31 ORCHESTRATION Service n Network Slice Blueprints: Mobile Broadband... Media Industry Automation Enterprise Communication... Health Robotic communication Premium Communication Media Massive Sensors/Actuator MBB Basic Network Slices Network Slice Resources Physical Resources OSS/BSS Nw Function Access Transport Cloud Ericsson's 5G network research Ericsson AB 2016 April 2016 Page 31

32 What is in the slice? - principles The architecture shall be flexible ȫ It shall not mandate certain combination and/or location of functions ȹ Today we have to co-locate all functions of a node ȹ Any change must go through 3GPP ȹ Look, what it led to in case of LIPA or SIPTO ȫ It shall not mandate the existence or lack of any function ȹ Should be easy to add/remove functions - E.g., no mobility support for this device ȫ It shall be able to utilize distributed cloud (easy deployment of VMs) ȫ It shall enable programmatic composition ȹ Even on a per-flow basis Ericsson's 5G network research Ericsson AB 2016 April 2016 Page 32

33 (Brief SDN aside) Data Plane Model The Data Plane Model is what the CP sees from the DP ȫ The DP presents itself as an abstract machine ȫ The CP issues commands to this abstract machine Selection of the right DP Model is key for SDN ȫ Much more important than the protocol ȫ Needs to be somehow standardized/specified for multi-vendor SDN Example: OF 1.0 ȫ The DP is capable of matching 15 fields and based on the result either forward or drop the packet or send it to the controller ȫ OF also specifies a protocol Example: Forces ȫ No DP Model is specified (in forces called a Library of primitives) ȫ Only a protocol is specified leaving the Library free Ericsson's 5G network research Ericsson AB 2016 April 2016 Page 33

34 DP Model Granularity High-level models ȫ A few customizable (but perhaps complex) functions ȫ Example: OpenFlow 1.x, Ethernet chips ȫ Not very flexible, but probably enables high performance implementation Mid-level models ȫ Small pieces of functionality composed by the Control Plane ȹ E.g., IPv4 longest prefix match lookup, IPv4 header sanity check ȫ Example: Forces, Some OF 2.0 proposals ȫ Quite flexible, but still abstract, probably can utilize network processors, as well Low-level models ȫ Fully programmable data plane ȹ The Control Plane can download code ȹ Need to address many low-level issues - Memory layout, NPU specific instructions or properties (e.g., 64-bit?) ȫ Example: assembly, P4 ȫ Absolutely requires network processors Ericsson's 5G network research Ericsson AB 2016 April 2016 Page 34

35 DP model Applicability Cheap silicon Network Area Classic packet processing Balance flexible and fast Moderate number of functions Mid-level model: compose fast primitives Optical Transport Packet Transport High-level model with simple functions Can only do a few, fixed things But do them fast & cheap Access & Backhaul Transport Edge Mobile GW/ IP Edge DC networking Distributed computing Probably generic purpose CPUs & disks Distributed, mini-dcs Low-level model: full programmability Ericsson's 5G network research Ericsson AB 2016 April 2016 Page 35 CDN Different parts of the network requires a different SDN approach.

36 (Back to architecture) Principles Functionality in two conceptual layers Actual functions (policing, QoS marking, DPI, charging, encryption (PDCP), mobility, parental control, cache, idle mode buffering, virus filter, etc..) Mobile Service Chaining (Functionality to chain these functions, execution optimization when co-located, support for context transfer at mobility) Ericsson's 5G network research Ericsson AB 2016 April 2016 Page 36

37 10K feet view There are small processing functions chained together IAP ȫ Typically smaller than a VM/container ȫ One VM/container processes many users ȫ Co-located functions execute in an optimized way (zero copy) P1 Collectively they implement core functions and more P2 P3 BS BS BS UE Ericsson's 5G network research Ericsson AB 2016 April 2016 Page 37 ȫ Some service network stuff (e.g., parental control) ȫ Some radio stuff (e.g., PDCP termination) A logically centralized control plane ȫ Maps a user to a pre-established VM/container running the given function ȫ Configures that function for the user ȫ Controls chain forwarding ȫ Requests scale-in/out

38 Example chains for a user peer Central site IP services network peer peering F3 IAP CL-DL IAP Internet CL-DL SFF SFF F2 BS site SFF peer CL-UL IAP BS SFF IP services network Local site CL-DL F4 Ericsson's 5G network research Ericsson AB 2016 April 2016 Page 38 F1 device

39 Beyond service chaining User Graphs Every user has (potentially) a unique graph This graph needs to be expressed The graph may change depending on events (e.g. adding an additional PDN connection) A fairly wide range of function size RA_DHCP Radio IF PDCP UL only UL only DL only ULQoS-1 (QoSMark) BBV (Policer) DLQoS-1 (QoSMark) LI Radio IF-2 PDCP-2 UL only UL only ULQoS-2 (QoSMark) BBV-2 (Policer) PDN session + voice flow Ericsson's 5G network research Ericsson AB 2016 April 2016 Page 39 APN-AMBR (BWPolicer) AMBR (BWPolicer) DL only MBR (BWPolicer) DLQoS-2 (QoSMark) PDN IF

40 Research concept for core network Ç Ç Session Controller UDR Control Plane Ç Chain Controller Radio Ericsson's 5G network research Ericsson AB 2016 April 2016 Page 40 Ç LR User Plane Ç SF device Rx Ç SFF Ç IAP External networks (e.g. operator, Internet)

41 The new network Software principles Classic NFV Decomposition Non-telco small vbig vbig small vbig small Infrastructure Decomposing Data Plane Control Plane Analytics Applications Orchestration Ericsson's 5G network research Ericsson AB 2016 April 2016 Page 41 small small small small small small small small Platform layers Infrastructure Same concept as microservices, but different realization

42 Handover with ctx transfer Functions support context extraction/insertion Controller can move contexts IAP ȫ Buffer for lossless handovers ȫ Buffer more for lossess and reordering free handovers P1 P2 P3 BS P4 BS UE P4 BS UE Ericsson's 5G network research Ericsson AB 2016 April 2016 Page 42 Many levels potentially Other uses of live state migration ȫ ȫ ȫ ȫ Rearrange centralized/distributed Load balancing Code upgrade Scheduled maintenance

43 Procedure Implemented in Click How much intelligence at the DP node? What to expose on the CP/UP interface? Balázs Pinczel, Dániel Géhberger, Zoltán Turányi, Bence Formanek Towards High Performance Packet Processing for 5G,' IEEE Conference on Network Function Virtualization & Software Defined Networks (IEEE NFV-SDN), November 18, 2015, Los Angeles, USA Ericsson's 5G network research Ericsson AB 2016 April 2016 Page 43

44 Analytics Collection and evaluation of data for the purpose of gaining insight A network is ideal target ȫ Generates a lot of data ȫ Correlation is required to really know what is going on ȫ Insight is actually useful Recent advances in analytics enable real-time KPI calculation ȫ E.g., correlate all events of a subscriber with momentary bandwidth to a satisfaction index ȫ ~100ms timescale Ericsson's 5G network research Ericsson AB 2016 April 2016 Page 44

45 The gap ȫ analytics and networking Separated location of data and action Moving data near to the action lack of analytics & business information in network actions analytics driven, programmable network behavior Analytics Analytics Architecture Analytics Analytics Action Analytics Control Action Action Action Network Architecture Analytics Action Action Ericsson's 5G network research Ericsson AB 2016 April 2016 Page 45 Action Network Near Analytics Architecture Radio Analytics Action Radio Data

46 Desired architecture App#2 App#1 Top level analytics extended with node local components Analytics cloud (includes EEA/SDK) App#1 App#2 Local Analytics Local Analytics Local Analytics Local Analytics App#2 Ericsson's 5G network research Ericsson AB 2016 April 2016 Page 46 Flexible environment to deploy analytics applications anywhere Local Analytics Enables closed loop use cases with actions on network level

47 Example data flow RBS Analytics System Cell State Record ESR: Extended Session Record Streamed (~3 kbps) UE Profile Record UE Session Records Cell Trace (~10 kbps) fetched Neighbor Cells Record (~6 kbps) RBS Ericsson's 5G network research Ericsson AB 2016 April 2016 Page 47

48 Architecture impact Analytics data as first class citizen in network nodes ȫ Base decisions on readily available KPIs ȫ Not as an afterthought ȫ Not 15 mins later Remove current information barriers ȫ ȫ ȫ ȫ Currently data is distributed in the system Certain parts not allowed to know parts Legacy limitation due to performance No need, we can do better now Core network Policy & charging data, subscriber IDs, charging details,. bearer abstraction Radio network Radio situation & parameters bottleneck congestion info, location information,. Ericsson's 5G network research Ericsson AB 2016 April 2016 Page 48

49 EηiΨθθδγȮθšźgšΦεεηδΦΨh 5G as a Global Standard Industry Collaborations System view on 5G LTE + new 5G radio Ericsson's 5G network research Ericsson AB 2016 April 2016 Page 49 Standards, Open Source & industry alliances Academia and Research Institutes

50 Ericsson's 5G network research Ericsson AB 2016 April 2016 Page 50