Display Technology in Smartphones: It s Effect on Packaging, Resolution, & Cost

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1 Display Tech hnology in Smartphones: It s Effect on Packaging, Resolution, & Cost

TABLE OF CONTENTS 1 Introduction... 4 2 Display Technology... 4 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.5 3 Display/Touchscreen Integration.

.. 4 In-Plane Switching (IPS)... 6 Retina Displays.

.. 9 Blackberry Z10 TFT LCD Display photos.... 13 HTC One PN07120 TFT LCD Display photos.

... 16 Samsung Galaxy S4 Super AMOLED Display photos.

2 TABLE OF CONTENTS 1 Introduction Display Technology Display/Touchscreen Integration Comparison Liquid-Crystal Displays (LCD)... 4 In-Plane Switching (IPS)... 6 Retina Displays... 7 Active-Matrix Organic Light-Emitting Diode (AMOLED)... 7 Indium Gallium Zinc-Oxide (IGZO)... 9 Blackberry Z10 TFT LCD Display photos HTC One PN07120 TFT LCD Display photos Apple iphone 5 TFT Retina LCD display photos Lumia 928 AMOLED Display photos Samsung Galaxy S4 Super AMOLED Display photos Sharp AQUOS Zeta SH-02E IGZO Display Observation Conclusion Nokia Lumia Bibliography Display Technology: Its Effectt on

3 TABLE OF FIGURES Figure 1 Figure 2 Figure 3 Figure 4 Figure 5 Figure 6 Figure 7 Figure 8 Figure 9 Figure 10 Figure 11 Figure 12 Figure 13 Figure 14 Figure 15 Figure 16 Figure 17 Figure 18 Figure 19 Figure 20 Figure 21 Figure 22 Figure 23 Advanced LEDs and Display: Understanding Cutting-Edge Displays... 5 Thin Film Transistors (TFT) Display... 6 Twisted Nematic vs. In Plane Switching... 7 Active-Matrix Organic Light-Emitting Diode (AMOLED) Display Z Height Comparison of Display/Touchscreen Integrations Smartphone Display Comparison Represents Pixels per square mm and USD per square mm Represents Z Height (thickness) of the display andd module BlackBerry Z10, LCD pixel dimensions, front view BlackBerry Z10, LCD circuit layout, back view HTC ONE PN07120, LCD pixel dimensions, front view HTC ONE PN07120, LCD circuit layout, back view Apple iphone 5 LCD pixel dimensions, front view Apple iphone 5 LCD circuit layout, back view Nokia Lumia 928 AMOLED display, front view Nokia Lumia 928 AMOLED display, pixel dimensions, front view Nokia Lumia 928 AMOLED display, circuit layout back view Samsung S4 GT-I9500 Super AMOLED pixel dimensions, front view Samsung S4 GT-I9500 Super AMOLED circuit layout, back view Samsung S4 GT-I9500 Super AMOLED circuit layout, back view Sharp AQUOS Zeta SH-02E, front view Sharp AQUOS Zeta SH-02E, back view Nokia Lumia 920 LCD Half size row observed, front view Display Technology: Its Effectt on

4 1. 0 INTRODUCTION Consumer demand has reduced the productive lifecycle for most cell phones from a couple of years down to around six months or less. While size for smartphones is dictated by human physiology, it hasn't slowed the trend toward thinner designs with brighter, higher resolution displays. The inclusion of WiFi, Bluetooth, GPS, cameras, different cellular protocols and multiple radio frequency (RF) bands has put pressure on designers to find ways to use the available space more efficiently. As thee largest electrical components in a design, the display and touchscreen have become targets in the effort to reduce packaging size, without diminishing overall performance. While many different display and touchscreen technologies have been used in the past, our discussion here will cover the most popular methods found in the market todayy along with one that has the potential to have a significant future impact. This report is not meant to be a comprehensivee analysis of each display method. Such an examination would require several textbooks worth of space to adequately cover. Our purpose here is meant to deliver a high level overview for each method in order for the reader to draw conclusions from the data included in our Comparisons and Observations relative too the systems impact. 2. DISPLAY TECHNOLOGY 2.1 Liquid-Crystal Displays (LCD) A liquid crystal is a substance which exhibits the properties of both a liquid and a solid, the molecules of which tend to arrange themselves so that they all point in the same direction [1]. Crystals used in LCDs are in, what is called, a nematic phase which exhibits no particular spatial order. There is a specific type of crystal known as a twisted nematic which, as the name implies, is naturally twisted. What makes these useful in a display is the property that causes them to untwist in proportion to an appliedd electric field. In an active matrix display, the mechanism used to apply an electric field to liquid crystals is formed by depositing "thin films" of an active semiconductor material and dielectric onto the rear piece of glass along with metal contacts and electrodes. Thesee create a special type of field-effect transistor (Thin Film Transistors - TFT) which control the electricc field applied to the small areas (pixels) of liquid crystals which make up the display [2]. Unlike more recent technologies, twisted nematic (TN) displays orient the electrodes on opposing sides of the glass whichh causes the crystals to twist in an axis perpendicular to the glass. 4

5 Figure 1 - Advanced LEDs and Display: Understanding Cutting-Edge Displays. To form an LCD, two pieces of supporting substrate are required, normally glass. A polarizing film is applied to one side of each piece of glass. Typically, these polarizers aree at right angles to each other, but not always. A special polymer is applied to the side opposite the polarizer. The polymer creates microscopic grooves in the surface of the glass which are oriented to be in the same direction as its respective polarizing film [4 4] [5]. Liquid crystals are then sandwiched between the polymer coating, and results in the outer layers of crystals aligning with the grooves formed in the glass. When light enters the display panel, the polarizing film forces it into a linearr orientation. As it proceeds through the panel, its plane of vibration rotates to match the layer of crystal, with each subsequent layer acting as to guide to the next. By the time it reaches the opposite side of the panel, it has become aligned with the grooves in the glasss substrate and the polarizing film, allowing the light to pass through. If we apply an electric field to the crystals, it forces them to untwist. This changes the light's angle of vibration as it passes throughh the panel so that it is no longer aligned with the second polarizer. In this condition, light is blocked from passing through. Since liquid crystals don't generatee light on their own, some other light source is required. In the past, fluorescent tubes were used, but today white LEDs are preferred. Normally, these are placed along the side(s) of the panel and include diffusing and collimating films to distribute the light evenly across the display. In addition, most smartphone LCDs are considered to be both transmissive and reflective, or transflective, which means they not only have an internal light source in the form of a backlight, but also utilize ambient light through the use of a reflector [1]. When ambient light enters the front of the panel, it is polarized the same way a backlight is polarized when entering from the rear. Once polarized, ambient light passes through the front of panel, bouncing off a reflector located at the rear, returning back through the panel where it adds to the total 5

amount of light available for the display.

prevents the display from being "washed out" ", or

Color for an LCD is generated through the application of

polarity as the front polarizer, so by manipulating the

applied to each one can be controlled to create the

Besides their predictable operation and relatively low

One that we hear about frequently is in the area of

The simple nature of an LCD dictates that when a pixel

amount will also leak through, causing the pixel to

This reduces the measurable difference in brightness

Since light has to pass through so many functional parts

collimators, filters, etc) LCDs exhibit relatively high

Conventional TN displays have narrow viewing angles,

axis, particularly in the vertical direction which is

severe disadvantage compared to CRTs, advances in

average of 2-4 milliseconds for modern, higher quality

2 In-Plane Switching (IPS) Figure 2 - Thin Film

The name "In-Plane Switching" comes from the fact that

6 amount of light available for the display. The increased brightness improves visibility and prevents the display from being "washed out" ", or overpowered, when viewed outdoors in direct sunlight. Color for an LCD is generated through the application of red, green and blue color filters for each pixel creating sub-pixels. These color filters will only pass light withh the same polarity as the front polarizer, so by manipulating the liquid crystals for each sub-pixel the amount of light applied to each one can be controlled to create the correspondin g color palette. Besides their predictable operation and relatively low cost too manufacture, LCDs also have disadvantages. One that we hear about frequently is in the area of contrast. The simple nature of an LCD dictates that when a pixel is fully on, most of the light will be blocked, but some amount will also leak through, causing the pixel to appear grey, or partially lit [7]. This reduces the measurable difference in brightness between an on and off pixel which is, by definition, contrast. Since light has to pass through so many functional parts of the display (polarizer, glass, electrodes, diffusers, collimators, filters, etc) LCDs exhibit relatively high losses, resulting in lower panel brightness and reducing contrast. Conventional TN displays have narrow viewing angles, exhibiting color and contrast shift when viewed off axis, particularly in the vertical direction which is caused by the amount of light scattering in the crystal layers [8] (see Figure 3). Although the response times for early LCDs were at severe disadvantage compared to CRTs, advances in materials technology have seen them reduced to an average of 2-4 milliseconds for modern, higher quality displays. 2.2 In-Plane Switching (IPS) Figure 2 - Thin Film Transistors (TFT) Display. The name "In-Plane Switching" comes from the fact that the liquid crystals used in an IPS panel always lie parallel to, or in the same plane as, the glass supporting substrate [8]. When an electric field is applied, the liquid crystals in an IPS panel rotate, but remain parallel to the glass, unlike those in a "normal" TN display, which twistt in an orthogonal fashion, which is perpendicular to the substrate. This is accomplished by 6

arranging the electrodes together on one side of the

placement and additional transistors require more space

TN panel as light has to pass through these layers in

but, in a smartphone orr any other portable device, the

battery power and the expected use time they have to

display and IPS is in the on & off states.

pixel is turned ON, so if a transistor fails or the

throughh the panel resulting in the pixel beingg lit.

The term "Retina" is one that is used to describe a

high enough so that individual pixels cannot be detected

Since the typical viewing distance is different

inch claimed to be of retina quality is lower for

7 arranging the electrodes together on one side of the substrate (see Figure 1), which then require additional transistors (TFT) to operate. While this widens the viewing angle, the electrode placement and additional transistors require more space on the substrate, leading to even greater losses than a TN panel as light has to pass through these layers in the panel, resulting in lower panel brightness and contrast. This can be offset by the use a more intensee backlight but, in a smartphone orr any other portable device, the higher power requirements are limited by available battery power and the expected use time they have to deliver. Figure 3 - Twisted Nematic vs. In Plane Switching. One important differencee between a conventional TN display and IPS is in the on & off states. In a conventional display, light is blocked when the pixel is turned ON, so if a transistor fails or the screen is touched, light will be allowed to pass throughh the panel resulting in the pixel beingg lit. In an IPS panel light is blocked in the OFF state, which results in a pixel appearing dark. This is an important factor to consider when designing touchscreen devices. 2.3 Retina Displays Retina is not a specific technology, but a method Apple Inc. uses to evaluate the resolution of a display. The term "Retina" is one that is used to describe a display panel that exhibits a pixel density which is high enough so that individual pixels cannot be detected by the human eye at a "typical" viewing distance [9]. Since the typical viewing distance is different depending on how each device is used, the pixels per inch claimed to be of retina quality is lower for smaller devices than it is for larger ones. 2.4 Active-Matrix Organic Light-Emitting Diode (AMOLED) Unlike a TN or IPS display, AMOLED displays are not LCDs. Like the name implies, AMOLED uses a TFT backplane to drive a matrix of LED sub-pixels that are formedd from organic compounds. Each pixel contains red, green and blue LEDs which are addressed directly to create the color palette. 7

Figure 4 - Active-Matrix Organic Light-Emitting Diode (AMOLED) Display.

diffusers, collimators and filters of an LCD thereby offering greater potential for

Light generationn also results in much better contrast vs LCDs since an LED can be

an LCD. Good viewing angle is also the result of using LEDs.

filtering light eliminates the narrow In comparison to an LCD, AMOLED displays

They are not dependent on the switching latency of layer upon layer of liquid

worth noting here is what Samsung calls Super AMOLED which integrated the touch

One of the main problems is the lack of overall brightness when viewed in direct

While backlights add to the thicknesss and losses of an LCD, they also

On the other hand, the brightness of an AMOLED is strictly a function of the total

It could also be argued that power consumption is a disadvantage.

function of the backlight which, since it is always on, is relatively constant.

8 Figure 4 - Active-Matrix Organic Light-Emitting Diode (AMOLED) Display. Since LEDs generate light, an AMOLED display doesn't require a backlight or the diffusers, collimators and filters of an LCD thereby offering greater potential for the ultra thin packaging required in today's mobile phone market. Light generationn also results in much better contrast vs LCDs since an LED can be turned completely off, resulting in a black pixel, not the partially grey pixel of an LCD. Good viewing angle is also the result of using LEDs. Emittingg rather than viewing angle problem of LCDs [10]. filtering light eliminates the narrow In comparison to an LCD, AMOLED displays exhibit very fast response times which can be lesss than fifty microseconds [6]. They are not dependent on the switching latency of layer upon layer of liquid crystals, but rather the faster characteristic switching times of semiconducto or materials. Although there have been several improvements made to AMOLED displays, one that is worth noting here is what Samsung calls Super AMOLED which integrated the touch screen into the display glass, resulting in improved image quality by reducing reflected light by 16% [11]. Like everything, AMOLED technology does have its disadvantages. One of the main problems is the lack of overall brightness when viewed in direct sunlight. While backlights add to the thicknesss and losses of an LCD, they also significantly add to its overall brightness. On the other hand, the brightness of an AMOLED is strictly a function of the total light output of its LEDs. It could also be argued that power consumption is a disadvantage. Here again the backlight comes into play as power for an LCD is almost entirely a function of the backlight which, since it is always on, is relatively constant. For AMOLED displays, power consumption is variable, and depends several factors including the number of pixels that are lit, as well as their intensity and color. For example, the power consumed to display a dimly lit image, with few pixels required, would be very low. Conversely, the power for a completely white background with all sub-pixels lit at full intensity would be very high. The reality is that, in general, images displayed are usually somewhere in between resulting in the average power consumed by an AMOLED display being relatively low. 8

9 A distinct issue for AMOLEDs is degradation over time. While manufacturers are gettingg 100,000-hour lifetimes with encapsulation [1], organic materials do oxidize which shortens the lifespan of a display. 2.5 Indium Gallium Zinc-Oxide (IGZO) Indium Gallium Zinc-Oxide (IGZO) is not a specific technology, it is a material, developed jointly by Sharp and Semiconductor Energy Laboratories (SEL), that seems to be gaining traction in the industry [12]. It's primary use is in the formation of transparent thin-film transistors used in display backplanes. Compared to current materials IGZO has an electron mobility times faster [13], enabling more responsive displays, which then enables smaller pixels resulting in higher resolution displays [14]]. As a bonus, low temperature processes should allow IGZO to be laid down, sprayed or printed on pliable plastic sheets thereby enabling paper like displays, which could then be laminated to windshields, windows or eyeglasses [14]. Speculation of Sharp's financial difficulty have circulated recently with both Samsung and Qualcomm each announcing investmentss of approximately $100M in new shares of Sharp stock [15].Adding to the speculation regarding the ramp-up of this technology is the unconfirmedd report claiming that Apple has also made an even more significant investment in Sharp with numbers up to $2B [16]. These announcements have fuelled speculation about the direction of products from the two giants of the industry. Regardless, with three of the major players in the mobile device market vying for use of Sharp's intellectual property (IP), it seems to be a portent thatt major changes could be on the horizon. While some implementations of IGZO technology are alreadyy available, they all emanate from Sharp. So far, these products have not reached the US but TechInsights hass been able to acquire the Sharp AQUOS ZETA SH-02E for inspection and teardown. For a copy of the report please visit our website at 9

10 3.0 DISPLAY/TOUCHSCREEN INTEGRATION Efforts to improve quality and reduce the thickness of devices, called integration of touchscreens into other components the Z height, have resulted in the Two methods we have seen in the marketplace: 1. The Touchscreen integrated into the display window 2. The Touchscreen integrated into the display panel glass Samsung claims improved display quality with AMOLED from a reduction in reflected light [11]. Conventional LCD With Touchscreen Display Window LCD with Integrated Touchscreen/Display Window LCD with Integrated Touchscreen/Display Glass Touchscreen Touchscreen / Display Window Display Window Polarizer Polarizer Polarizer Glass Glass Touchscreen / Glass Glass Glass Glass Polarizer Polarizer Polarizer Collimator Collimator Collimator Super AMOLED (Integrated Touchscreen) Collimator Collimator Collimator Display Window Thick Diffuser Thick Diffuser Thick Diffuser Polarizer Thin Diffuser Thin Diffuser Thin Diffuser Touchscreen / Glass Reflector Reflector Reflector Glass 5 5A 5B Components not to scale. 5C Figure 5 Z Height Comparison of Display/Touchscreen Integrations. 10

11 4.0 COMPARISON Display technology, size, pixel density, and weight have become one of the major features in the smartphone industry. This section will take a snapshot of current top smartphone display offerings and explain key differences in each technology. Figure 2 compares some of the major features for the displays included in this snapshot. Phone Display Size Technology Resolution Pixels Per Inch Panel Thickness (mm) Module Thickness (mm) Module Integration Module Cost (USD) Samsung Galaxy S4 5 Super AMOLED 1920 x Fig 5C $35.00 HTC One 4.7 TFT 1920 x Fig 5 $32.94 Apple iphone IPS TFT 1135 x Fig 5B $28.35 Lumina AMOLED 1280 x Fig 5C $43.89 Blackberry Z TFT 1280 x Fig 5A $39.57 Figure 6 - Smartphone Display y Comparison. Display Size: For each of the given phones above, display size is shown as a diagonal measurement of the viewable area. There the pixel density chart below (Figure 7) the viewing area in millimetres was used for the area calculations Panel Thickness: This is the thickness (in millimeters) of the actual display panel not ncluding cover glass or flex cable. Module Thickness: Measured Module thickness cable/ circuitry, and cover glass. (in millimeters) includes the entire display assembly, flex TechInsights chose to use module thickness since the combination of the display window (cover glass), Touchscreen, and display are inherent in virtually all smartphone devices. It also shows that, although a display panel may be comparatively thin, the overall module thickness may not be as it is subject to several other design decisions. 11

12 Pixel Density / Cost Comparison Pix / mm $ / mm2 0 Apple I5 Nokia 928 Black Berry Z10 Samsung S4 GT- I9500 HTC One Pix/mm2 $/mm2 Figure 7 - Represents Pixels per square mm and USD per square mm. Z Height Comparison mm Apple I5 Nokia 928 Black Berry Z10 Samsung S4 GT- I9500 HTC One 801 Z High mm Displ. module * Z High mm Displ. panel Figure 8 - Represents Z Height (thickness) of the displayy and module. 12

13 4.1 Blackberry Z10 TFT LCD Display photos. Figure 9 - BlackBerry Z10, LCD pixel dimensions, front view. Figure 10 - BlackBerry Z10, LCD circuitt layout, back view. 13

14 4.2 HTC One PN07120 TFT LCD Display photos. Figure 11 - HTC ONE PN07120, LCD pixel dimensions, front view. Figure 12 - HTC ONE PN07120, LCD circuit layout, back view. 14

15 4.3 Apple iphone 5 TFT Retina LCD display photos. Figure 13 - Apple iphone 5 LCD pixel dimensions, front view. Figure 14 - Apple iphone 5 LCD circuitt layout, back view. 15

16 4.4 Lumia 928 AMOLED Display photos. Figure 15 - Nokia Lumia 928 AMOLED display, front view. Figure 16 - Nokia Lumia 928 AMOLED display, pixel dimensions, front view. 16

17 Figure 17 - Nokia Lumia 928 AMOLED display, circuit layout back view. 17

18 4.5 Samsung Galaxy S4 Super AMOLED Display photos. Figure 18 - Samsung S4 GT-I9500 Super AMOLEDD pixel dimensions, front view. Figure 19 - Samsung S4 GT-I9500 Super AMOLED circuit layout, back view. 18

19 Figure 20 - Samsung S4 GT-I9500 Super AMOLED circuit layout, back view. 19

20 4.6 Sharp AQUOS Zeta SH-02E IGZO Display. Figure 21 - Sharp AQUOS Zeta SH-02E, front view. Figure 22 - Sharp AQUOS Zeta SH-02E, back view 20

21 OBSERVATION 1. AMOLED display technology results in a significantly thinner display (Z-height) compared to LCD display technology due to the reduced number of films. 2. The selection of a thinner display does not guarantee a thinner display module. The integration method used in stacking the cover glass, touch screen, display, and cabling along with the thickness of each will determine the overall thickness. It should also be noted that we did look at the total z height of the phone and we did not see a correlation between the z height of the display panel, z height of the display module, and the z height of the phone 3. Design / package decisions made for each design can affect the overall cost. 4. New sub-pixel patterns are emerging. 5. Pixel density does not necessarily drive display cost. 6. The symmetrical nature of the Samsung AMOLED Pixel display rotation design could lead to software efficiencies with 7. IGZO display technologies hypothetically offer advantages in pixel footprint. They may be the wave of future display? CONCLUSION density, flexible display, cost, and 1. There are currently multiple strategies relative to the integration of the Touchscreen into either the cover glass or the display. Which strategies provides the optimum overall system trade-off is still evolving 2. Design decisions greatly affect both the "Z" height and the display module cost. Spending more money on the display module does not necessarily lead to a better display, iff resolution is a measure of a better display. We at TechInsights adhere to the concept that pixel density correlates to display quality. Quality can be viewed as having a immediate cost with some strategic benefit. Our study reveals that each devicee provider has taken a different direction relative to the pixel density versus cost equation. From our viewpoint the Samsung S4 and HTC One are getting the best ROI but there may be other hidden factors that are not within the scope of this report 3. Paying more does not yield better pixel density. Feedback: Please direct any suggestions, comments, or questions related to this or future special reports to: (Need contact to collect and distribute accordingly). NOKIA LUMIA 920 While the Nokia 920 was not included in this report since thee 928 was a newer device, we did look at it and encountered an interesting finding in the display. We noted that there was a pixel row at the end of the display that was approximately half size. 21

22 Figure 23 - Nokia Lumia 920 LCD Half size row observed, front view. Anyone have an idea why the ½ row of pixels? 22

23 BIBLIOGRAPHY [1] Fujitsu. (2006). "Fundamentals of Liquid Crystal Displays - How They Work and What They Do" [Online]. Available: [2] Wikipedia. (2009). "Thin-Film Transistor" [Online]. Available: film_transistor [3] Carol Lenk. (2012, May 10). "Advanced LEDs and Displays,, Part IV: Understanding Cutting-Edge Displays (AMOLEDs, OLEDs, LCD) Design News Continuing Education Series" [4] Tyson, Jeff. (2000, July 17). "How LCDs Work" [Online]. Available: [5] Kawamoto, Hirohisa. (2002, April). "The History of Liquid-Crystal Displays". Proc. IEEEE vol. 90, Number 4. Available: [6] 4D Systems. (2008, May 22). "Introduction to OLED Displays, Design Guide for Active Matrix OLED (AMOLED) Displays". Available: manufacturers.com/suserfiles/upload/lcd_history_blaze_display.pdf elec518/readings/display/ /4D_AMOLED_Presentation.pdf [7] IGNIS Innovation. "About AMOLED Displays". Available: TN Film, MVA, PVA and IPS Explained" [Online]. Available: content/panel_technologies_content.htm#ips [9] Wikipedia. (2013, June 15). "Retina Display" [Online]. Available: [10] Poor, Alfred. (2012, Aug 28). "Next-Generation Display Technologies" [Online]. Available: [11] Samsung. "Super AMOLED Screen" [Online]. Available: [8] Baker, Simon. (2011, April 30). "Panel Technologies [12] Sharp. (2012, June 1). "Sharp and Semiconductor Energy Laboratory Jointly Develop New Oxide Semiconductor Technology That Will Revolutionize Displays" [Online]. Available: for High world.com/corporate/news/ html [13] Kanicki, Jerzy. (2006). "Amorphous Indium-Gallium-Zinc-Oxide Thin-Film Transistor Performance Display and Detector" [Online]. Available: ve/research40.html [14] Wagner, John. (2011, Apr 28). "Thin, Fast and Flexible Semiconductors" [Online]. Available: [15] Harner, Stephen. (2013, March 21). "Does Samsung's Investment In Sharp Threaten Apple? Disruption From Sharp's Meltdown Is Spreading" [Online], Forbes. Available: 23

24 Struggling Display Maker Sharp" [Online], Apple Insider. Available: invested-2-billion-to-aid-struggling-display-maker-sharp apple-disruption-from-sharps-meltdown-is-spreading/ [16] Hughes, Neil. (2012, Nov 7). "Apple May Have Invested $22 Billion To Aid About TechInsights TechInsights is the preeminent firm for the provision of sophisticated information and advice to technology companies. Our foundation of technical expertise and analysis tools, combined with years of experience on all aspects of the IP / Technology Lifecycle allow us to deliver the highest ROI to the client. Our leadership position is sustained by our commitment to the upmost integrity, and the t ongoing investment and acquisition of knowledge and capabilities necessaryy to meet our clients evolving needs. If you need assistance in managing your most complex technology or IP challenges, turn to TechInsights for assured results. Visit , TechInsights 24

Advanced Display Technologies

Advanced Display Technologies 2 I Title of Presentation 2 I Title of Presentation TechInsights Teardown Service Information we provide: IC identification and classification System architecture diagrams