Best Practices for the Unknown: Wearables, Devices & Things

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1 1_Q&A

2 Best Practices for the Unknown: Wearables, Devices & Things Bill Weir Senior Product Development Engineer & Developer Advocate, AT&T Pete Rembiszewski Principal Product Development Engineer, AT&T

3 Exploring the Unknown Image credit: NASA/CXC/JPL-Caltech/STScI/NSF/NRAO/VLA

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5 When Facing the Unknown don t panic!

6 The Unknown Can Be Scary, But You probably know more than you think

7 And to Help Face the Unknown We have some best practices & strategies to help with the stuff you don t know

8 Areas We Will Cover 1. Network 2. Design/Verify 3. Data 4. Security/Privacy

9 Network Best Practices Image credit: NASA/CXC/JPL-Caltech/STScI/NSF/NRAO/VLA

10 Network Issues Are in Your Future Overloaded mobile networks could face a failure rate upwards of 30% for Machine-to-Machine (M2M) and Internet of Things (IoT) sessions 1 1. Cellwize White Paper Network Congestion Could See 30% Failure Rate for M2M and IoT

11 The Unknown Can Be Challenging But there are things you can do right now: Find the best tools and measure progress Increase your knowledge Follow best practices Be prepared to fail and move on quickly

12 Find the Best Tools Various tools measure network performance Speedtest HTTPing Wireshark tcpdump And ARO from AT&T ARO was designed just for wireless networks

13 ARO is A Great Tool In 2012 we launched ARO ARO is AT&T Application Resource Optimizer ARO can help you resolve future network issues

14 Network Best Practices: ARO ARO - Application Resource Optimizer Free diagnostic tool designed for wireless Shows how app is handling data & transfers ARO uncovers hidden issues Makes recommendations to fix them!

15 Measure Your Progress Bandwidth: maximum data transfer rate Throughput: rate of data transfer Latency: delay between network nodes Jitter: variation in packet delay Error rate: % of corrupted bits Measure & adjust to improve performance

16 Increase Your Network Knowledge Learn from your mistakes Study proven protocols & standards Learn how to manage connections Learn how to constantly improve

17 Network Best Practices Be strategic about your connections Know that you don t have all the answers Ask the right questions Define your true network requirements before you commit to a design

18 Follow Best Practices Consider the implications of your choices Avoid signal storms/traffic jams Bundle and batch Update only when there is a change

19 Follow Best Practices If possible Thread downloads (vs. serial) Remove redirects Pre-fetch files that are often used or expected Group connections TCP persistent connections HTTP Pipelining

20 Follow Best Practices: Grouping ARO shows when connections are not grouped Imagine an app that: 1. Downloads 1 file every 60s 2. Downloads 2nd file every 60s 3. Sends Analytics every 60s 54 seconds airtime 38J of energy used

21 Follow Best Practices: Grouping ARO shows when connections are well grouped Imagine same app But the connections are grouped together 14 seconds airtime 16J of energy used 68% Energy Savings

22 Design & Verification Strategies Image credit: NASA/CXC/JPL-Caltech/STScI/NSF/NRAO/VLA

23 Design Challenges of the Future The only equation you need to know: (H + S + C) n = W H = Hardware S = Software C = Connectivity W = Work Performed

24 Design Challenges Choices? Endless options can equal endless capabilities or endless confusion Cloud Service

25 Design Challenges Hardware Beacons Server Cloud Service Sensors Gateway Wearables Mobile Devices

26 Design Challenges Software/Versions Embedded Linux Cloud Service Arduino OSX ios Android

27 Design Challenges Connectivity BT 3G Cloud Service Fiber WiFi LTE

28 Design Challenges Business Logic First Thoughts - What may I immediately need to react to? Minimal Data Local Decision Short Term Retention Location Alert Cloud Service High Temperature Alarm Low Battery

29 Design Challenges Business Logic Second Thoughts - What will take some of time to react to? - Moderate Data, Moderate Retention Cloud Service Rain Sensor - No Rain Data Usage Tracking Steps

30 Design Challenges Business Logic Third Thoughts - What will take me a long time to figure out? - Lot s of Data, Remote Decision, Long Term Retention Cloud Service Seasonal Power Needs

31 Design Solutions Ways to Flatten the Landscape Libraries APIs Middleware

32 Design Solutions Maintenance Challenges Device Updates Replacing Hardware Power Consideration Connectivity Implications

33 Verify with ARO Tools you need ARO TCPDUMP Virtualbox Small footprint Linux image

34 Different Traffic Patterns = Different Ways of Thinking Device Local Connectivity Hub or Proxy Wireless Network Server Local Proxy Wearable Thermostat Agent Wireless Network Device or Local Hub Internet Network Service Network Proxy Direct to Network Service API Gateway VPN Mobile Device Remote Sensor Agent Agent Network Proxy or Gateway Wireless Network Network Service Network Service or API

35 Capturing IoT and Service Data Device Local Connectivity Hub or Proxy Wireless Network Server Agent Device or Local Hub Network Service Limited to No UI Limited or No Access Android & ios Execute ARO TCPDump TCPDump May not be able to capture on IoT devices (No UI or Access) Use ARO collector on android device as hotspot or paired with wearable Use ARO on wearable android devices Use TCPDUMP to capture PCAP file

36 Validating APIs and SDKs Wireless Network Device SDK API Network Service or API Android or ios ARO Client Response Request TCPDump Test SDK and API logic with real use cases (Roll your own apps) Capture trace on supported device (Android or ios) Use TCPDUMP to capture PCAP file

37 Android Emulator (Android Studio) Xcode ARO Network Attenuator Internet Ability to Adjust Network Speed (UL & DL) Latency Packet Loss Block Domain ~~~ ~~~ ~~~~ ~~~

38 Design, Build, Verify, Deploy Repeat Capture a PCAP via TCPDUMP OR Implement Fixes Transfer the Trace Files Process the Trace Study the trace using the Analyzer Capture an ARO Trace Gather a trace using the Collector

39 Data Strategies Image credit: NASA/CXC/JPL-Caltech/STScI/NSF/NRAO/VLA

40 Data Issues in the Future Data created by the Internet of Things is projected to hit Zettabytes by 2019, according to Cisco. 1 A zettabyte is a trillion gigabytes 1.

41 Data Best Practices: Storage Data will come from everywhere & anywhere You will need flexibility & scalability Build adequate storage solutions Embrace the Cloud

42 Data Best Practices: Data Questions Questions about data timing How often do you need to update your data? How much data do you need to make a decision? How soon do you need that decision? Do I need all of this data? Are you sending duplicate data?

43 Data Best Practices: Prefetching Anticipate user behavior & use prefetching Send whatever data which is required next Requires that you understand user behavior And understand your data Use common sense & study user interaction relative to the data

44 Data Best Practices: Avoid Duplication Duplicate downloads slow response time Does the data really need updating? Check to see if you are sending duplicate data Dupes can be reduced by caching Use HTTP 304 codes to check for freshness

45 Data Best Practices: HTTP Headers You can rely on proven standards like HTTP Understand how HTTP really works Submit correct directions in the headers Don t Use Etags Not Efficient Cache Control is Faster/More Efficient

46 Security & Privacy Strategies Image credit: NASA/CXC/JPL-Caltech/STScI/NSF/NRAO/VLA

47 Security & Privacy Issues in the Future Within two years, 90% of all IT networks will have an IoT-based security breach 1 1. December, 2014 International Data Corporation - IDC FutureScape: Worldwide Internet of Things 2015 Predictions Web Conference

48 Security & Privacy Contributing Factors Increased Complexity Disparate Hardware & Software Broader Attack Surface Device Limitations And the Big Carrot LOTS OF DATA

49 Security & Privacy Challenges Endless Options for Hackers? Embedded Linux Arduino BT 3G Cloud Service LTE Fiber OSX WiFi ios Android

50 Security & Privacy Broader Attack Surface

51 Security & Privacy Solutions Choices for Developers = Choices for Hackers ios

52 Security & Privacy Data Messages Purchases Pictures Temperature Cloud Service Medical Location Contacts Pictures

53 Security & Privacy Solutions ARO Can Help: Verify SSL is Being Used Without SSL..POST /auth/login? username=knitterdad&password=asdfghjkl.. Trace.pcap With SSL.i? wo ŽŽØv =iêìì.s 5j& OžtÇuSL ÒÎ%Mï! éuó

54 Security & Privacy Solutions ARO Can Help: Verify Third Party APIs Outbound & Inbound Traffic Host: i661.myserver.com I recognize these domains Host: Host: Where is this going?

55 Conclusion Image credit: NASA/CXC/JPL-Caltech/STScI/NSF/NRAO/VLA

56 Areas We Covered 1. Network 2. Design/Verify 3. Data 4. Security/Privacy

57 Take Away Remember that you don t have all the answers

58 Take Away But you may know more than you realize

59 Take Away Research before you design

60 Take Away Reduce complexity

61 Take Away Measure & adjust to improve performance

62 Take Away Secure your data

63 Take Away And use ARO

64 And Finally don t panic!

65 Learn More Developer.att.com/ARO Contact Bill: Contact Pete:

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